Kyle Badstuebner and Eddie Bates Chemistry Period D

Relative Reactions of Metals Problem Statement/Hypothesis: The purpose of this experiment was to measure the relative relativities of selected metal elements by testing four different types of solutions. (Hypothesis here) These solutions included copper nitrate, magnesium nitrate, zinc nitrate, and silver nitrate. In this experiment the independent variable was the different metals that were tested. The dependent variable in this experiment was the chemical reaction that took place after putting droplets of each solution into the metals in the well-plate. The metals that were tested in this was copper, Magnesium, and zinc. Chemical reactivity of metal determines how the metal is used. This can be measured by the relative reactivity of two metals by placing a small pure sample of a metal in a solution containing the ions of the other metals. A difference in chemical reactivity among metals depends on the relative ease with which they give up electron. When reacted with each solution, magnesium will be the metal that is most changed and subsequently reacted due to its reactivity being above the other metals are will be tested. If the metals copper, zinc, and magnesium are placed in the solutions copper (II) nitrate, zinc nitrate, and silver nitrate, the metals will either react or stay the same in certain solutions which allow the series of metals to be determined.

Experimental Design: Procedure: 1. Prepare data table 2. Using a well plate pour 15 drops of the 4 solutions into 4 different wells. (make sure to label each) 3. Obtain 4 small strips of each of the metals 4. Sand down metal to decrease variability 5. Place a strip of each different metal into the assigned holes of the well plate 6. Record any reactions or visible changes that take place. Safety Precautions: Wear goggles at all times Do not eat or drink anything being tested in the lab Wash hands at the conclusion of the lab Make sure the lab station is properly cleaned Wear closed toed shoes Tie up hair Variables that must Remain Constant: Amount of each solution placed into the well plate Amount of each metal in the well plate

Data: Metals Copper Magnesium Cu(NO3)2 No change Turned black and bubbled Turned black Mg(NO3)2 No change Turned dark Zn(NO3)2 No change No change AgNO3 Wire turned black Dissolved partially and turned black with bubbles Turned black seemed to soak up AgNO3

Zinc

No change

No change

Data Analysis: Copper and Silver Nitrate Cu + 2AgNO3 2Ag + Cu(NO3)2 Cu 2e- + Cu22Ag + 2e- Ag Magnesium and Silver Nitrate Mg + 2AgNO3 Mg(NO3)2 + 2Ag Mg Mg+2 + 2e2Ag + 2e- 2Ag Zinc and Copper (II) Nitrate Zn + Cu (NO3)2 + Zn(NO3)2 + Cu Zn Zn+2 + 2eCu+2 + 2e- Cu Zinc and Silver Nitrate Zn + 2AgNO3 Zn(NO3)2 + 2Ag Zn Zn+2 +2e2Ag + 2e- 2Ag

Conclusion The hypothesis is correct because when placed into four solutions, the three metals reacted and the series of the metals could be determined. Copper had a reacted positively when it was paced in the silver nitrate solution. The magnesium reacted positively to the silver nitrated solution, the magnesium nitrate solution, and the copper nitrate solution. The zinc reacted positively to the copper nitrate solution, and the silver nitrate solution. This shows that copper is the least reactive of the three metals, and zinc is the most reactive. The data also shows that silver nitrate has a very reactive cation because it every metal that was placed in it reacted. Magnesium nitrate and zinc nitrate had less reactive cations because not many metals reacted when placed in them.

1) Magnesiums reaction with silver nitrate was the most significant. It dissolved, the color changed to black and it bubbled. 2) Copper because it only reacted with silver nitrate. 3) I dont think Silver would not have reacted with any of the solutions but if it had to be one, Magnesium. 4) Magnesium, Zinc and Copper. 5) Copper is a cheaper, unreactive metal, with a high melting point. 6) Silver, it is the least reactive of the four; its expense is the reason that it is not used in the manufacturing of pennies. 7) Silver and copper. These two very rarely combine with other substances and are. Silver is used in the production of jewelry and copper for pennies. a. Magnesium, based on our data it is the most reactive therefore the most likely to combine with other substances and the least likely to be found uncombined with other elements. 8) Yes we could have eliminated two and still obtained all of the information needed to create chemical activity ratings for the four metals. 9) Due to prior knowledge I knew the silver was not a very reactive metal and that zinc is because of the fact that it is used in the core of pennies and the shell.