ARCHIMEDES PRINCIPLE

OBJECTIVE To determine the buoyant force from Archimedes principle.

INFERENCE Archimedes principle states that when an object is immersed in a fluid (liquid or gas), the buoyant force (up thrust force) on the object is equal to the weight of fluid displaced by the object.

HYPOTHESIS The buoyant force on an object is equal to the weight of the water displaced.

APPARATUS 1. 1 Retort stand

2.

Spring balance / balance

3.

3 set of block (wood, metal, plastic) Beaker

4.

5.

Eureka beaker

6.

Scissor

7.

String

PROCEDURES

1. Mass of empty beaker was weighed. 2. The spring balance was hanged at the arm of retort stand. 3. The block was tied and hanged to the spring balance. 4. Weight of the block in the air was recorded. 5. The eureka beaker was filled with water. 6. Apparatus was set up as figure. 7. The arm of the retort stand tied with the block was lowered gently. 8. The block was let arise / sink in water. 9. Weight of block was recorded. 10. The water was displaced from eureka beaker into the other beaker. 11. Mass of the displaced water in the beaker was recorded. 12. The experiments was repeated for the others blocks.

RESULTS a. Mass of empty beaker = 23.3 g

b. Type of block Weight of block (N) In the In the air T1 water (N) T2 (N) 0.50 0.16 0.18 0.10 0.94 0.82 Mass of beaker with displaced water (g) 69.9 32.5 34.9 Weight of water displaced (N) 0.46 0.09 0.11 Significant loss of block weight FB = T1 T2 0.34 0.08 0.12 % Error

Wood Plastic Metal CALCULATION :

26 11 8

Weight of water displaced (N) = (mass of beaker with displaced water (g) mass of empty beaker) x 9.81 10000 Wood = (69.9 23.3) 1000 x 9.81 = 0.46 N Plastic = (32.5 23.3) 1000 x 9.81 = 0.09 N Metal = (34.9 23.3) 1000 x 9.81 = 0.11 N Significant loss of blocks weight FB = T1 T2 = Wood = 0.50 0.16 = 0.34 Plastic = 0.18 0.10 = 0.08 Metal = 0.94 0.82 = 0.12 % error = Wood = (0.46 0.34) 0.46 x 100 = 26 % Plastic = (0.09 - 0.08) 0.09 x 100 = 11 % Metal = (0.12 0.11) 0.12 x 100 = 8 %

QUESTION

1. Why do some objects : a. Float when placed in water Because the density of object smaller than the density of water. b. Sink when placed in water Because the density of object exceeds the density of water, the object will sink in water.

2. From the experiments, which block has a greater buoyant force for it to float? Plastic, because the density of plastic is smaller than the density of water, the weight of plastic less than wood and metal.

CONCLUSION

The weight of object in the air is bigger than weight of object in water. The higher density of object, it will float in the water. The lower density of object, it will sink in the water. The buoyant force exerted on an object is proportional to the weight of the amount of water displaced. The buoyant force can be finding by calculate the weight of object in air minus the weight of object in the water.