Building

and
Maintaining
Computers
EverymanIT
January15,2011

Building and Maintaining Computers

January 15, 2011

Contents
Introduction..................................................................................................................................................3
Safety............................................................................................................................................................3
WhatisaComputer......................................................................................................................................3
ComputerHardware.................................................................................................................................4
Motherboard.........................................................................................................................................4
CPU........................................................................................................................................................5
RAM.......................................................................................................................................................6
HardDrives............................................................................................................................................6
OpticalDrives........................................................................................................................................7
MediaCardReaders..............................................................................................................................7
USBandFirewire...................................................................................................................................7
NetworkCards......................................................................................................................................8
VideoCards...........................................................................................................................................8
Cases.........................................................................................................................................................8
PowerSupplies......................................................................................................................................8
ComputerOperatingSystems...................................................................................................................9
64bitvs.32bit......................................................................................................................................9
TypesofLicenses:...............................................................................................................................10
WindowsVersions:.............................................................................................................................10
Software..................................................................................................................................................10
Drivers.....................................................................................................................................................10
BuildingaComputer...................................................................................................................................10
SpecingOutaNewComputer....................................................................................................................10
CommonDesktopTroubleshooting............................................................................................................11
OverheatedCPU......................................................................................................................................11
VideoCards.............................................................................................................................................12
Power......................................................................................................................................................12
HardDrives..............................................................................................................................................13
USB..........................................................................................................................................................13
LaptopHardwareRepair.............................................................................................................................13
HardDrives..............................................................................................................................................13
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OpticalDrive............................................................................................................................................13
RAM.........................................................................................................................................................13
CPUFAN..................................................................................................................................................13
LCDScreen..............................................................................................................................................14
LCDInverter............................................................................................................................................14
Keyboard.................................................................................................................................................14
Motherboard...........................................................................................................................................14
PowerPlugResolder...............................................................................................................................14
CommonLaptopTroubleShooting..............................................................................................................14
Video.......................................................................................................................................................14
ShutdownorFreezeUp..........................................................................................................................14
BrokenHinges.........................................................................................................................................14
Misc.........................................................................................................................................................14
BIOS.............................................................................................................................................................15
InstallanOperatingSystem........................................................................................................................15
CreatingRecoveryDisks..........................................................................................................................15
StepstoInstallanOperatingSystem......................................................................................................15
WindowsMaintenance...............................................................................................................................15
Modes.....................................................................................................................................................15
ComputerManagement.........................................................................................................................16
EventViewer.......................................................................................................................................16
SharedFolders....................................................................................................................................17
LocalUsersandGroups.......................................................................................................................17
DeviceManager..................................................................................................................................18
DiskManagement...............................................................................................................................18
Services...............................................................................................................................................18
WindowsUpdate....................................................................................................................................19
RegEdit....................................................................................................................................................19
MsConfig.................................................................................................................................................20
SystemRestore.......................................................................................................................................20
WindowsBackup.....................................................................................................................................21
TaskManager..........................................................................................................................................21
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ComputerProperties..............................................................................................................................24
HardDriveSpace.....................................................................................................................................25
UninstallPrograms..................................................................................................................................25
CCleaner..................................................................................................................................................26

Introduction
Safety
Alwaysunplugcomputersbeforeworkingonthem
Alwaysremovelaptopbatteriesbeforeworkingonthem
Afteryouhaveunpluggedthecomputer,andremovedthebatterypressinthepowerbuttonto
dischargeanyelectricityheldinthecapacitors.Capacitorsstoreelectricityandevenasmallonecan
causeenoughdamagetoyoutosendyoutothehospital
NEVERSHORTTHETWOCONNECTORSOFACAPACITOR!!!
NeverOPENapowersupply.Thecapacitorsinapowersupplycarryenoughpowertokillyou!
ESDElectroStaticDischargeisStaticElectricity
YoufeelashockfromStaticElectricityat3000volts100voltsisenoughtodestroysensitive
electronics
Youshouldwearanantistaticarmbandandworkonanantistaticworkmat.(IdontandnooneI
knowdoesbutyoushould)
CommonPracticetodischargeStaticElectricityistotouchtheunpaintedmetalofadesktopcomputer
case.
ESDisnotasbigaproblemnowbecausepartsarebuiltbetter,andtheyarecheaperiftheybreak

What is a Computer
Acomputersystemismadeupofhardware,operatingsystems,softwareanddevicedrivers.

Motherboard
CPU
CPUHeatSink
RAM

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PowerSupply
Drives
Case

Computer Hardware
Motherboard
AllpartsmustbecompatiblewiththeMotherboard
Dontassumethemotherboardwillhaveonboardparts
FSB(FrontSideBus)ishowfasttheMotherboardcanmoredatabetweencomponents
FormFactorSizeofMotherboard

ATX
MiniATX
MicroATX
ITX
BTX(Dontbuy)

SmallerMotherboardscanfitinLargerCases
Slots

PCILowendaddoncards
PCIExpressUsedforHigherEndaddoncards(RAID,Video)
PCIExpress16Usedforveryfastaddoncards(HighPerformanceRAID,GamingVideoCards)
PCIXUsedonveryhighendservers.Ridiculouslyexpensive!($450foranetworkcard)

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mend
I Recomm
Antec
ntel
In
Gigabyte
CPU
CentralPrrocessingUnitsarewhatp
processesdata
CPUtypesshavediffere
entSockets
Manufactturers

In
ntel
o
o
o
o
o
AMD
o
o
o
o

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EmbeddedSystems
Atom
Celero
onCheapPrrocessors
Pentiu
umAverageDesktopProcessor
Core
HighEndDe
esktopProcesssor
Xeon
ServerProce
essor
DesktopProce
essor
SemprronCheapD
Athlon
nAverageD
DesktopProce
essor
Pheno
omHighEnd
dDesktopPro
ocessor
Optero
onServerProcessor

Building and Maintaining Computers

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ARM
VIA

DontuseXeon/OpteronforDesktopmachines!
Intelvs.AMDSame,SamebutDifferent.AMDisusuallycheaper,butIntelisEasiertoSelltoClients
SpeedHowfasttheprocessorcanprocessdata
FSB(FrontSideBus)HowfasttheCPUcanmovedata
CoresMultipleCPUsbuildontoonechip
L1andL2CachearememorythatislocatedontheCPU.ThehighertheL1andL2thebetter.
RAM
AllprogramsandfilesareloadedintoRAM.IfWindowsuses512MBofRAM,andPhotoshopuses512B
ofRAM,ANDyouopena1GBPicturefileyouwouldneed2GBofRAMintheComputer.
PageFilesaredesignatedstorageontheHardDrivewhereRAMstoresdataitisusingifitisfull.
Type

SDRAM
DDR,DDR2,DDR3
RambusPairedRAM

ECC=ErrorCheckingRAM.Doesselftesttoitself.ThisisthebesttypeofRAM,butisveryexpensive.
Size
SticksofRAM
Speed
RAMWorksatdifferentspeeds
SPEEDismanytimemoreimportantthanSIZEforRAM
DontMixRAMSpeeds!
BeforeupgradingtomoreRAMverifythatemptyRAMslotswork.Manytimestheyarebad!
Hard Drives
HardDriveMediaTypes

Platter
SolidState

HardDriveTypes

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IDE2DrivesperCable.Master/SlaveJumperConfiguration.133Mbps
PATA/SATA1DrivePerCable.1.5Gbps
SATA21DrivePerCable.3Gbps
SATA31DrivePerCable.6Gbps
SCSI8DrivesPerCable.VariousSpeeds
SAS65,355Drives,36Gbps

RPMisthespeedtheharddrivespinsat

5400istheslowestusuallyusedinlaptops,andenergyefficientdrives
7200isnormal
10,000ishighspeedusedinWesternDigitalRaptorDrives
15,000isfoundonlyonSCSI,SAS,drives

RAID Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks

UsedforFaultToleranceandSpeed
SoftwareRAIDandHardwareRAIDHardwareallowstheOStobeontheRAID.SoftwareRAIDmeans
theOSwillnotbeprotectedbytheRAID.
RAIDTypes:

0DiskStriping
1DiskMirroring
5DiskStripingwithParity
6DiskStrippingwithParityandRedundancy
10MirroredDiskStrippingwithParity

RAIDisusuallynotworththetroublenow
Optical Drives
BlueRayisntworthit
Media Card Readers
GenerallyplugintothemotherboardusingthemotherboardsUSBconnector
USB and Firewire
USB1.012Mbps,andupto17connecteddevices
USB2.0480Mbps
USB3.04.8Gbps
Firewire400800Mbps
WirelessUSBiscoming
USBisAsynchronoustransferOnewaytransferisfaster
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FirewireisIsochronousSametimegivetoupanddown
Firewirewasveryimportantforvideocameraconnectionstocomputers.Nowitisrarelyseen.
Network Cards
Video Cards
GPUGraphicsProcessingUnitUsedforCreatingGraphics,ImportantforGamingSystemsandany
systeminvolvedwithGraphics.
OnboardRAMRAMthatisonboardthegraphicscardallowsthegraphicscardtorunfaster.
Chipsets

ATI
NVIDIA

Types

PCI
AGP
PCIExpress

Trytobuyvideocardswithoutfans!Manygraphicscardshaveextralargeheatsinksvs.fans.Fans
haveanastytendencytogetgunkedupanddie.

Cases
GoodCasesareimportant!Cheapcasesarehardtoworkwith,andmanytimesdontfittogether
properly.(Youcangetanastycutfromsheetmetalthathasnotbeenrounded)
FormFactorsarethesizeofthecase.TheMotherboardandPowerSupplymustbetherightsizetofitin
thecase.

ATX
MiniATX
MicroATX
ITX
BTXObsolete.NotcompatiblewithANYATXmotherboard

I Recommend
ANTEC
CoolerMaster
Power Supplies
Whenindoubtbuya600WattonefromBestBuyfor$70

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PowerSupplyPlugs

Mainconnecto
M
or(20+4Pin)
12
2V(P4)
Pe
eripheral(Mo
olex)
SA
ATA
Flloppy
PC
CIE

VideoCarrdsandMoth
herboardsreq
quirethemosstpower.BuuyaPowerSu
upplyabovetthepower
requireme
entforyourV
VideoCarand
dVideoCard
d.
BuyANTEECPowerSupplies
ACheapP
Powersupplyywillnotonlyyfail,butitcandestroyyoourMotherboard,VideoC
CardsandHa
ard
Drivewhe
enitdies.
DoNotSkkimponYourrPowerSupply!!!

Computter Operatting Systems

64 bit vs. 32 bit
StatesHowManyBitsareProcessedinParallel
32BitOpe
eratingSystemswillgenerrallyrunona64bitprocesssor
64bitOpe
eratingSystemsREQUIREa64bitproce
essor.
64bitisn
notalwaysfasterthan32bit!

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Types of Licenses:
OEM(OriginalEquipmentManufacturer)YoucannotinstalltheOperatingSystemonto
anothercomputer.RequiresActivationOnceInstalled
RetailYouOwntheOperatingSystem.YouCanInstallitOntoDifferentComputers,butOnly
OneataTime.RequiresActivationOnceInstalled
VolumeLicenseYouCanInstallOntoasManyComputersasYouHaveLicensesfor
Windows Versions:
HomePremiumBasicWindowsFunctionality
BusinessAllowsYoutoJoinDomains,HasBitLockerEncryption,AllowsSysPrep.
UltimateHasEverything
http://www.microsoft.com/windows/windows7/compare/default.aspx

Software
Generallyyoucanrun32bitsoftwareona64bitOperatingSystem.
Previously(aswithXP64bit)youcouldnotrun32bitsoftwareona64bitmachine.
Youcannotrun64bitsoftwareona32bitOperatingSystem.

Drivers
Devicedriversmustbeinstalledintheoperatingsystemsforhardwaretowork.
EvenwithWindows7alldevicesmaynothavedevicedriversinstalledautomatically.
SometimesmanufacturersdonotmakedevicedriversforallWindowsOperatingSystems!Manytimes
manufacturerswillnotcreatenewdriversfornewoperatingsystems.Thiswasabigproblemwhenwe
wentfrom98toXP,andfromXPtoVista.
Findingdevicedriverscanbeabitofdetectivework.GOODhardwarewillbeclearlymarkedsothatyou
knowwhomadeitandwhatitis.CHEAPhardwaremanytimeswontevenhavethenameofthe
manufacturerprintedonit.

Building a Computer
Specing Out a New Computer
Everythinghastoworkwiththemotherboard
Decidewhatpartsyouneed,thenfindagoodmotherboard,thenfindtherestoftheparts.
NewEgg.comisthebestforparts
DontuseEBay!!!
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DontuseusedpartsforClients!!!
ByCannibalizingOldComputersYouCanSavealotofMoney

Save$50byreusingthecase
Save$40byreusingtheOpticalDrive
Save$100ifyoucanreuseyourHardDrive
Etc

FudgeFactorItseasytobuythewrongparts,andshippingcostsmeanthatitsusuallynotworthitto
returnthem.Whileyourenewexpecttomakemistakesandfactorinextracostformispurchasedparts.

Common Desktop Troubleshooting

Overheated CPU
Symptoms:

TheComputerSeemsPossessed
ComputerFreezes
ComputerShutsDownRandomly

LikelySuspects:

CPUHeatSinkisClogged,orhasFilmofCrudonit
CaseAirIntakesareClogged
CPUFanhasFailed
CaseFansHaveFailed
ForgottoUseThermalPaste
CPUFanisTooSmall
EnvironmentisTooHot(ComputerisClosedInsideaDeskCabinet.ServerisinaClosetwithNo
Ventilation)

IntheRealWorld
Ihadonecomputerwheretheclientssmokedinthehouse.TheComputerwouldnotget
throughbootingbeforeitwouldshutoff.Theysmokedsomuchthatthetarhadentirelyincased
theCPUHeatSinkFan.Itlookedclean(FreeofObviousDirtandHair),butwhenIusedDawn
andwasheditoffinthesinkthetarmeltedoff.
Oneclienthadacomputerthatwouldfreezeup,andthemousewouldjumparound.Itookitto
theshop,openedthecaseandcleaneditout.Ithendidafulltuneup.Thesystemworked
flawlesslyandsoIcalledtheclientandscheduledadropofftime.AfterthecallIputthecover
backonthecaseandwithin2minutesithadfrozenupagain.Itookthecoveroffandlooked
aroundtoseeifacablehadgottencaughtintheCPUfan,anditworkedfine.Iputthecover
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backonanditfroze.Theanswerwasthattheyhadacatandthefrontairintake,underneath
thefrontplatehadbecomecloggedwithhair.Icleanedoutthemassivehairballanditworked
fine

Video Cards
SymptomsandSuspects:

TurnonComputerandYouGetaBIOSScreenandThenaBlinkingCursor=HardDriveFailedor
OperatingSystemisCorrupt
TurnonComputerandDoNotGetBIOSScreen=MonitorisBad,orVideoCardisBad,or
MotherboardisBad
TurnonComputerandIconsareReallyBIG,ResolutionisPoor,andtheColorsLookWeird=
VideoCardDriverisNotInstalled,orIncorrect

TroubleshootingNoVideo

PluginaKnownGoodMonitor
LookatVideoCard.ManyTimestheHeatSinkFanWillNotSpin,orWillHaveFallenOff
VerifythattheVideoCardAuxiliaryPowerisPluggedin.
SwapVideoCardwithKnownGood
UseaPCIVideoCard.SometimesthePCIExpress/AGPslotwillbebad.PCIVideoCardswill
AllowtheComputertoRemainUsable.
IFPCIVideoCardDoesnotWorkthentheMotherboardisBad

Power
Symptoms

ComputerWillNotPowerOn

LikelySuspects

MainPowerSupplySwitchisOff
VoltageSwitchisonWrongSetting(Shouldbeon110)
PowerSwitchisNotProperlyPluggedintoMotherboard
PowerButtonBroke
Motherboardisbad
PowerSupplyisBad
PowerSupplyistooSmall
CPUFannoPluggedin
BadPowerCable

Troubleshooting
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ChecksConnectionsandSwitchSettings
TryDifferentPowerCable
VerifyVideoCardandMotherboardPowerRequirements
UseKnownGoodPowerSupply

Hard Drives
Iftheharddrivesmakesalotofnoisejustreplaceit.
DefragmentingcanreduceHardDrivenoise.
ForIDEHardDrivesVerifyMaster/SlaveJumperissetproperly
Iftheharddriveisdeadthenreplacewithnewoneandinstalloperatingsystem.
DataRecoverycoveredinourDataRecoveryClass

USB
IftheinsulatorinaUSBpluggetsrippedout,andthemetalcontactstouchyourmachinecouldstart
havingproblems.
IfitisafrontUSBPortunplugtheportfromthemotherboard.
IfitisaMotherboardUSBportdowhatyoucan

Laptop Hardware Repair

KeepTrackofAlltheScrews!TapeScrewstoaPieceofPaperPlacingthemApproximatelyWherethey
arefromontheLaptop.
Becarefulwiththestickersthatcoverthescrews!Noonewantsanuglycomputer!(100%Right,100%
Fired)
StayAwayfromMacBooks!!(RepairingaMacBookisnotthesameasrepairingaLaptop.)

Hard Drives
Generallyyoucanremoveascrewtoallowtheharddrivesenclosuretoslideout.

Optical Drive
Generallyyoucanremoveoneholdingscrew,andthedrivewillslideout.

RAM
Generallyunderapanelthatcanberemovedfromthebottomofthecase.

CPU FAN
Canbecleanedofreplaced.Generallyfoundbyremovingtheentirebottomcover.

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LCD Screen
GenerallyremovethefaceplatefromthemonitorareaandthenunscrewtheScreen.Screwsarehidden
understickers,orrubberbumpers.

LCD Inverter
LCDInverterisunderthemonitorfaceplate.

Keyboard
Generallyremovepanelabovekeyboardtoaccessscrews.Sometimestheentiremotherboardhasto
beremoved.

Motherboard
DontNewLaptopMotherboardscost$300+andthelaborinvolvedmakesitnoneconomicaltofix.

Power Plug Resolder

Disassembletheentirebottomofthelaptop.Manytimesthepowerjackcanbepurchasedand
replaced.

Common Laptop Troubleshooting

Video
Ifthescreenisverydim,butyoucanseeanimageonitthenusuallytheLCDInverterisBad
Ifyoucannotseeanyimageonthescreenplugamonitorintothemonitorport.Ifthemonitordoesnot
showanimagethenyourMotherboardisbad(MakesuretousetheFunctionKeystoturnonthe
externalmonitor).IftheexternalMonitorshowsanimagethenitcouldbeyourScreen,Inverter,orthe
cablefromtheScreentotheMotherboard.

Shutdown or Freeze Up
TheCPUHeatsinkintakefansareusuallyonthebottomofthelaptop.Ifyouputthelaptopona
blanket,orpillowthefanswillbeblockedandtheCPUwilloverheat.Tryputtingthelaptoponahard
surface(tableorcounter).

Broken Hinges
ScreenHingescanbereplaced.Makesurewhetheryoucanbuythehingesalone,orifyouhavetobuy
awholenewLCDframe!

Misc.
ReseatingpartssometimesfixesLaptopComputers.ThismeansremovingtheRAM,HardDrive,
wirelesscardandOpticalDrive,andputtingthembackin.
ForlaptopPartsIrecommendSmartMicroUSA.com

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BIOS
Tellsthecomputerhowtodealwithhardware
UsuallyyouwillbetoldwhatkeytohittoenterBIOSsetup,ifnotplaythepianoonthekeys
BIOStellsyouquicklywhathardwareisDETECTEDonthecomputer(CPU,RAM,HardDrives).IfBIOS
doesnotdetectthehardwareyouhaveaproblem!
MainusesforBIOS

ChangeBootOrder
Changewhathappensafterpoweroutage(Computerstaysoff,orcomesbackon)
SetBIOSpassword

BIOSPasswordscangenerallyberesetonDesktopComputersbyremovingtheCMOSbattery,or
connectingajumper.
BIOSPasswordsonLaptopComputersgenerallycannotbereset!IfyoulosetheBIOSPasswordona
Laptopandyoushouldexpecttobuyanewmotherboard!

Install an Operating System

Creating Recovery Disks
MostmanufacturersnolongergiveyourecoverydiskswhenyoubuyaPC.Youmustcreateyourown
usingwhateverutilitytheygiveyou.
SystemRecoveryusingRecoverydisksisnotthesameasaCleanInstallationofanOperatingSystem

Steps to Install an Operating System

ChangeBIOStoBootoffofCD/ROM
HitNEXTUntilDone.

Windows Maintenance
Modes
PressF8whilecomputerisbooting
Safe Mode
SafeModeusesaminimumamountofdriversandserviceswhenstarting.Thisisgoodforchanging
configurations.Generallyyoucannotinstall,uninstallsoftwareorrunvirus/malwarescans.

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own Good Configuration

Last Kno
Thisisthe
ehardwarese
ettingsthatw
wereloadedth
helasttimeaapersonloggedin.Ifyouthinkyoumaadea
mistakeD
DONTLogin!LastKnownG
Goodwillreve
erttothedrivversandhard
dwaresettinggsthatwereu
used
withthelastlogin.
VGA
Usestheb
basegraphicssdrivers.Thissisusedifyo
oumakeamisstakeconfigu
uringyourvideoadapter.

gement
Computter Manag

Event Vie
ewer

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F
Shared Folders

Sh
haresShow
wsShredFolde
ersonCompu
uter
Se
essionsSho
owSessionsth
hatarecurren
ntlyopen
OpenFilesSh
O
howsSharedFilesthatare
eOpen

Local Use
ers and Groups

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M
Device Manager

Disk Man
nagement
DiskManaagementisussedtomanaggeyourintern
nalharddrivees

Services
hatservicesarerunningan
ndhowtheyaarestarted.YYoucanchangehowServices
Servicessshowsyouwh
startstoM
Manual,Auto
omaticorDisaabled.
Servicesaalsoshowsyo
ouwhatindiviidualServicessaredependeenton.
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Window
ws Update
e
UpdateCrriticalUpdate
es
SetuptoInstallUpdate
esEveryNight
NEVERUp
pdateDriverssfromWindo
owsUpdate!!!!(Idontknoowwhy,buttoomanytimeesitcausesth
he
computerrtocrash)

RegEditt
RegEditallowsyoutoe
edittheRegisstry.TheRegiistryisthemaaindatabasethatholdsmostconfiguraations
fortheWindowsOperatingSystem.
1. ClickStartBu
utton
2. In
nRunBartyperegeditand
dthenClickO
OK

ManyApp
plicationsAuttoStartwhen
ntheComputerBootsfrom
mKeysinthesse:
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HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SO
OFTWARE\Miccrosoft\Winddows\CurrenttVersion\Run
NT_USER\Softtware\Microssoft\Windowss\CurrentVerrsion\Run
HKEY_CURREN

MsConffig

ClickStartBu
utton
TyypemsconfigginRunbarandClickOK

Msconfigallowsyouto
ospecifywhatProgramsandServicesw
willloadwhen
ntheComputterBoots.Th
hisis
ecauseyoucaanrunVirusSScansandInsttall/UninstallPrograms.
generallybetterthenSSafeModebe
GenerallyySelectSelecctiveStartupandUncheckLoadStarttupItemsCh
heckbox.

System
m Restore
SystemRe
estoresApplicationsandO
OperatingSystemsettings topreviousccondition.SyystemRestoree
doesnotaaffectdocum
mentsandpicttures.

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Se
electStartBu
utton
Se
electAllProggrams
Se
electAccessories
Se
electSystem
mTools
Se
electSystem
mRecovery

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electPreviousTimeandDatetoRestorretoandClickkNext
Se

Window
ws Backup
p
Backupan
ndRestore

Backupto
oadifferentd
disk!
Youcanu
useyourWind
dowsOSDisktorecoveracomputerfroomaBackupFile

Task Manager
1. RightClickTaskbar
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2. ClickStartTasskManager

onTab:
Applicatio

To
oKillanApplicationRigh
htClickAppliccationandtheenSelectEn
ndTask

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ProcessessTab:

Yo
oucanseewhatProcessaareUsingYourResourcesbbySortingbyCPU,orMem
mory
To
oKillaProcesssRightClicckProcessandSelectEnddProcess

PerformanceTab:

ouldbebelow
w50%.IfCPU
Uis90100%yyouhavetoo
omanyprograamsrunning,or
CPUUsagesho
needabetterprocessor.
Memoryshow
M
wsyouhowmuchRAMyou
uareusing.M
Memoryshou
uldbelesstheenyourtotal
am
mountofRAM
M

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Networkin
ngTab:

Sh
howshowmu
uchnetworkttrafficyourco
omputerisussing.

Computter Properrties

SttartButton
RightClickCo
omputerofMyCompute
er
electProperrties
Se

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Hard Drive Space

e
ShouldHaave10%Free
MUSTHaveAtLeast1
1GBFreeorC
ComputerwilllFreezeUpaandHaveProblems!
Defragme
entingisoverrrated!
UseDefraagglerinstead
dofWindowssDefragmente
erforDefrag mentingHard
dDrives.(ItsFree.
www.Defraggler.com)

Uninsta
all Program
ms
1. ControlPanel
ogram
2. UninstallaPro
UninstallA
AllUnnecessaaryProtectio
onSoftware

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CCleaner
Downloadatwww.CCleaner.com
Goodforcleaningouttemporaryfiles
Goodfordefragmentingregistry
EasilyEnableorDisableStartupPrograms

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Home Work

FindaComputerthatNeedsFixingandFixit
ScheduleTimetoComeInforPracticalExercises
Youshouldcompleteatleast10actualrepairs,orpracticalexercisesbynextclass

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