Introduction

Classes

Opeartions and functions

Examples

References

SimPy: Simulation in Python

Roberto Solar Gallardo

December 6, 2012

Introduction

Classes

Opeartions and functions

Examples

References

What is SimPy? object-oriented process-based discrete-event simulation language based on standard Python Features use of pythons generators
declare a function that behaves like an iterator a generator is resumable and can branch control elsewhere semi-coroutines

coroutines - functions that alternate execution with each other the exit/re-entry points are marked by pythons yield keywords

Introduction

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Simpy programming
The scheduler a list of future events is maintained automatically the scheduler is started by the SimPy command simulate Elements of discrete-event models Active elements: entities (Process) Passive elements: resources (Resource, Level and Store) General Structure of a SimPy program dene one or more SimPy classes and objects call the function initialize create and activate at least one of the active entities start the simulation by calling simulate report results

Introduction

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How it works
Simulation. t - Simpys clock Simulation. timestamps (heap) - event list (t,priority,instance)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

class Cliente(Process): def visitar(self,tiempoDeServicio): print now(),self.name, ": He llegado" yield hold,self,tiempoDeServicio print now(),self.name, ": Ya me voy" initialize() c=Cliente(name="Roberto") activate(c,c.visitar(tiempoDeServicio=1.0),at=1.0) simulate(until=10.0)

Analysis
line 7: t=0 and timestamps=[] line 9: put c into timestamps (1.0,indened,c) line 4: put self into timestamps (now()+timehold,indened,self)

Introduction

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Processes

Features model an entity with activities i.e. instances of some class that inherits from SimPys Process class each entity has a standard method - Process execution method Process execution method (PEM) species entities actions in detail each PEM runs in parallel with (and may interact with) the PEMs of other entities

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Resource facilities

simulates something to be queued for Resources model a service point with one or more identical service units Levels model a container of homogenous material which can be discrete (boxes, bricks, etc) or continuous (uid) Stores model a list of individual objects

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Monitors
collects simulation data for analysis, statistics, etc Monitors used to compile summary statistics such as waiting times and queue lengths simple averages and variances time-weighted averages histograms Tallys is an alternative to Monitor that does essentially the same job but uses less storage space at some cost of speed and exibility

Introduction

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Operations and functions (1)

Process interaction statements activate(pi , pi .pem()[, at = t |delay = period ]) - make a process instance (pi ) active reactivate(pi [, at = now ()|delay = 0][, prior = false ]) - make a process intance (pi ) active (previously-passivated) cancel(pi ) - cancels all the events associated with a process intance (pi ) interrupt(pi ) - interrupt pi s current activity Simulation control statements initialize() - set simulated time to zero simulate(until=T ) - execute scheduled activities till T stopSimulation() - force immediate end of simulation

Introduction

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Operations and functions (2)

Scheduling statements yield hold,self,T - reactivate self after T yield passivate,self - make self passive yield request,self,resource - request use of resource yield release,self,resource - give up use of resource yield put,self,level,N - level is increased N units yield get,self,level,N - level is decreased N units

Introduction

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Cliente simple

from SimPy.Simulation import * class Cliente(Process): def visitar(self,tiempoDeServicio): print now(),self.name, ": He llegado" yield hold,self,tiempoDeServicio print now(),self.name, ": Ya me voy"

Output
1.0 Roberto : He llegado 2.0 Roberto : Ya me voy

initialize() c=Cliente(name="Roberto") activate(c,c.visitar(tiempoDeServicio=1.0),at=1.0) simulate(until=10.0)

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Cliente simple, llegada aleatoria

from SimPy.Simulation import * from random import gammavariate, seed

Output

7.92130825474 Roberto : He llegado class Cliente(Process): 8.92130825474 Roberto : Ya me voy def visitar(self,tiempoDeServicio): print now(),self.name,": He llegado" yield hold,self,tiempoDeServicio print now(),self.name,": Ya me voy" seed() initialize() c=Cliente(name="Roberto"); inicio=gammavariate(4,1); activate(c,c.visitar(tiempoDeServicio=1.0),at=inicio) simulate(until=10.0);

Introduction

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Varios clientes

from SimPy.Simulation import * class Cliente(Process): def visitar(self,tiempoDeServicio): print now(),self.name, ": He llegado" yield hold,self,tiempoDeServicio print now(),self.name, ": Ya me voy"

Output
1.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 5.4 6.5 Roberto : He llegado Alonso : He llegado Roberto : Ya me voy Veronica : He llegado Alonso : Ya me voy Veronica : Ya me voy

initialize() c1=Cliente(name="Roberto") c2=Cliente(name="Alonso") c3=Cliente(name="Veronica") activate(c1,c1.visitar(tiempoDeServicio=3.0),at=1.0) activate(c2,c2.visitar(tiempoDeServicio=2.4),at=3.0) activate(c3,c3.visitar(tiempoDeServicio=1.5),at=5.0) simulate(until=100.0)

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Muchos clientes

from SimPy.Simulation import * class Generador(Process): def generar(self,totalDeClientes,tasaDeLlegada): for i in range(totalDeClientes): c=Cliente(name="Cli-%02d"%(i)) activate(c,c.visitar(tiempoDeServicio=3.5)) yield hold,self,tasaDeLlegada

Output
Cli-00: Cli-01: Cli-00: Cli-02: Cli-01: Cli-03: Cli-02: Cli-04: Cli-03: Cli-04: He He Ya He Ya He Ya He Ya Ya llegado llegado me voy llegado me voy llegado me voy llegado me voy me voy

0.0 2.5 3.5 5.0 6.0 7.5 8.5 class Cliente(Process): 10.0 def visitar(self,tiempoDeServicio): 11.0 print "%2.1f %s: He llegado"%(now(),self.name) 13.5 yield hold,self,tiempoDeServicio print "%2.1f %s: Ya me voy"%(now(),self.name)

initialize() g=Generador(); activate(g,g.generar(totalDeClientes=5,tasaDeLlegada=2.5)) simulate(until=100.0)

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Muchos clientes, un recurso

from SimPy.Simulation import * from random import expovariate,seed class Generador(Process): def generar(self,totalDeClientes,tasaDeLlegada,recurso): for i in range(totalDeClientes): c=Cliente(name="Cli-%02d"%(i)) activate(c,c.visitar(tiempoDeServicio=2.7,recurso=recurso)) t=expovariate(1.0/tasaDeLlegada); yield hold,self,t

Output
0.0 0.0 2.3 2.7 2.7 3.1 5.4 5.4 8.1 Cli-00: Cli-00: Cli-01: Cli-00: Cli-01: Cli-02: Cli-01: Cli-02: Cli-02: He T. He Ya T. He Ya T. Ya llegado Espera 0.0 llegado me voy Espera 0.4 llegado me voy Espera 2.3 me voy

class Cliente(Process): def visitar(self,tiempoDeServicio=0,recurso=None): llegada=now() print "%2.1f %s: He llegado"%(now(),self.name) yield request,self,recurso tiempoDeEspera=now()-llegada; print "%2.1f %s: Tiempo de espera %2.1f"%(now(),self.name,tiempoDeEspera) yield hold,self,tiempoDeServicio yield release,self,recurso print "%2.1f %s: Ya me voy"%(now(),self.name)

recurso=Resource(name="Contador",unitName="Cajero"); seed() initialize() g=Generador(); activate(g,g.generar(totalDeClientes=3,tasaDeLlegada=3.0,recurso=recurso),at=0.0) simulate(until=100.0)

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El banco
from SimPy.Simulation import * from random import expovariate, seed MEDIA_TIEMPO_DE_SERVICIO=5.0 MEDIA_TIEMPO_DE_LLEGADA=2.5 class Generador(Process): def generar(self,totalDeClientes,recurso): for i in range(totalDeClientes): c=Cliente(name="Cliente-"+str(i)); activate(c,c.visitar(recurso=recurso)); tiempoDeLlegada=expovariate(1.0/MEDIA_TIEMPO_DE_LLEGADA); yield hold,self,tiempoDeLlegada class Cliente(Process): def visitar(self,recurso): llegada=now() yield request,self,recurso tiempoDeEspera=now()-llegada monitor.observe(tiempoDeEspera); tiempoDeServicio=expovariate(1.0/MEDIA_TIEMPO_DE_SERVICIO) yield hold,self,tiempoDeServicio yield release,self,recurso seed() initialize() monitor=Monitor(); banco=Resource(name="Banco",unitName="Cajero",capacity=2) generador=Generador(name="Generador") activate(generador,generador.generar(totalDeClientes=1000,recurso=banco)) simulate(until=2000) resultado=monitor.count(),monitor.mean() print "El tiempo promedio de espera de %d atenciones fue %f"%resultado

Introduction

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SimPlot

Introduction

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1 2

http://sourceforge.net/projects/simpy/ http://simpy.sourceforge.net/SimPyDocs/_static/ TheBank.pdf http://msor.victoria.ac.nz/twiki/pub/Courses/ OPRE354_2012T2/MoreReferences/LecturesOnSimPy.pdf http://python-ray.googlecode.com/hg-history/ 66da0654aaced5c4d2a8d26f2a17707d63c97174/doc/ PyIterGen.pdf

Introduction

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THE END