Concepts and theories

Affluent worker - Goldthorpe, Lockwood Alienation- Hegal, Marx Anomie - Durkheim used it suicide and later developed by Merton Anticipatory socialization- Merton Atomistic family- Zimmerman Bureaucracy- Weber explained it as ideal type Citizenship - T.H Marshall Concentric zone theory- Burgess Conurbation- Patrick Geddes Conspicuous consumption- Thorstein Veblen Cross cousin- Taylor Cultural lag - Ogburn Cultural reproduction- Bourdieu Differential worker- Lockwood Deschooling society- Illich Dialectical materialism- Hegel and later Marx Classificatory and descriptive system- Morgan Division of Labour- used by Adam Smith later developed by Durkheim Dysfunction and function- Merton Emergent properties - Talcott Parsons Ethnomethodolgy - Schutz and Harold Garfinkel Ethnology - J.S Mill Ideal Type- Max Weber Little tradition - Robert Redfield

Internal colonialism- Gramsci,Lenin Leisure class- Veblen Labeling theory- E Lemart later discussed by Becker Marginal Man- Park Nuclear Family- Murdock Organizational man - Whyte Positivism- Auguste Comte Folkways - Sumner Grand theory- C.W Mills Frankfurt school - Adorno Oriental despotism- Karl Wittfogel Asymmetric society- James S Coleman Teknonymy- Taylor Relative deprivation- Stouffe in "American soldier" ,later developed by Merton Post Industrial society- David Bell Pattern variables- Talcott Parsons and Shills Reciprocity - Mauss Role distance- Goffman Social distance- Bogardus Sociometry- Moreno Sponsored mobility- Turner Rationality- Max Weber Styles of life - Robert Redfield Status inconsistency- Lenski Social Darwinism - Charles Darwin Sociology- Auguste Comte Utilitarianism - Bentham and Mill Verstehen -Max Weber Sib - Murdock Total institution - Erving Goffman Social circle- Zenienki

Hermeneutics - W Gouldner and Schultz

Dilthey,

Later

Mannheim

Points to remember

Mores is to the folk society what law is to the modern society. Maclver characterized caste as a closed status group. Durkheim pioneered the method of multivariate analysis in sociology. Bernstein distinguished two patterns of speech naming them elaborated and restricted codes. Boas hold that there is not the slightest scientific proof that race determines mentality but there is overwhelming evidence that mentality is influenced by traditional culture. Brown was associated with the concept of Interaction process analysis. Marx and Althusser put forward the materialistic variant of the evolutionary theory. Parsons argued that societies developed from organizational forms where relationship was based on status to those based upon contract. Brown gave the concepts of external and internal systems.

Burgess classified societies according to their volume and density. Comte saw society as a social organism possessing a harmony of structure and function. Simon distinguished between three stages of mental activity- the conjectural, miconjectural and the positive. Durkheim for the first time used the concept of social structure in sociology. Promordial collectivities are another name given to ethnic group. Thurstone,Likert and Guttman were associated with sampling procedures. Lundberg codified cultural items into universal, alternatives and specialties. The term group dynamics refers to adjustive changes in small groups. To Robert Merton dysfunction is an activity that lessens the adoption or adjustment of the unit to its getting. To Durkheim altruistic type of suicide is characterized in modern societies. According to Durkheim the nature of solidarity of a society can be indicated by the nature of economy. Merton believed that a political ideology as communism could provide a functional alternative to religion. According to Malinowski elements of institutions included personnel, charter and norms. Brown held that functionalism represented a triple alliance between theory, method and practice. The tendency of the person to reject the culture of his own group is called lenocentrism.

The orientation that emphasizes individual choice and decision-making in determining behaviour is called altruism. The phase psychic unity of mankind is associated with evolutionism. A totem acquired significance because of social acceptance. The superorganic view of culture has given by Darwin. Sociology is confined to the study of forms of social relationship in their abstract forms is held by Idealistic school. Thurston scale is type of attitude scale. Morphology refers to the objective, scientific study of society for the purpose of pure knowledge and theoretical advancement. Sumner has divided sociology into systematic and general sociology and historical sociology. Max Weber defined sociology as a branch of study attempting the interpretative understanding of social action. C.Wright Mills advocated the inverse deductive method in sociology. T.Stuart Chapin was a pioneer in measurement of attitude. The theory of relationship was propounded by Won Weise.

Books and Authors

Social Change - Wilbert Moore Modernization :Protest and Change - Eisenstadat S.N Protestant Ethic and Modernization: A Comparative View- Eisenstadat S.N(Edited) Philosophy of Right - Hegel Phenomenology of Mind - Hegel Philosophy of History - Hegel Leviathan - Thomas Hobbes Middle Class Families - C.Bell The End of Ideology - Daniel Bell The Coming of Post industrial society- Daniel Bell The cultural contradictions of capitalism- Daniel Bell The dynamics of bureaucracy- Peter Blay Exchange and Power in social life - Peter Blay The sociology of modernization and development David Harrison Authoritarian personality - Adorno Social Change - W.F Ogburn Configuration of culture growth- Kroeber Elements of social organization - R Firth Plan of the scientific works necessary for the reorganization of society - St Simon with Comte White Collar - C Wright Mills The sociological imagination - C Wright Mills The Function of social conflict - L.A Coser Coming of Age in Samoa - Margaret Mead Patterns of Culture - Ruth Benedict The Chrysanthemum and the sword- Ruth Benedict Bureaucratic structure and personality- Merton

Community: A sociological study- Maclver Folk culture of Yucatan - Robert Redfield Mind,Self and society- Mead Dialectics of nature- Engels The social construction of reality - Berger and Luckman The anatomy of work - George Friedmann Cities in Evolution - Patric Geddes The social life of modern community- Kingsley Davis Social research- George Lundberg Significance and limits of category of social role Dahrendorf The sociology of economic life - Smelsor The new man of power - C.W Mills Society and knowledge -Garden Child Cultural patterns and technical change- Margaret Mead Class conflict in industrial society - Dahrendorf Social processes - C.H Cooley Culture and Ecology - Lowie Primitive Culture - Tylor Rise of Mentocracy - M Young Citizenship and social class - Thomas H Marshall The birth of the clinic - Foucault Madness and civilization - Foucault The birth of a prison- Foucault Primitive society- Lowie Studies in Ethnomethodology- Harold Garfinkel The city- R.E Park Democracy in America - Tocquerville The folk culture of Yucatan - Robert Redfield The little community and peasant society- Robert Redfield

Peasant society and culture - Robert Redfield The acquisitive society- R.H Tawney Equality- R.H Tawney One dimensional man- Herbert Marcuse Eros and Civilization - Herbert Marcuse Soviet Marxism- Herbert Marcuse An essay on liberation - Herbert Marcuse Ancient Society - Morgan Principle of population - Malthus History of human marriage - Westermarck System of logic- J.S Mill Structure of science- Nagel The human group -Homans Phenomenology of social work- Alfred Schutz Class in modern society- Bottomore The future of an illusion- Freud

Some of terms and the theorists

Animism- Tylor Animatism- Marett Anomie- Durkheim, Merton Achieved and Ascribed role- Linton Barbarism- Morgan Cultural lag- Ogburn Cultural Relativism- Herskovitz

Cultural reproduction- Bourdien Culturalization - Kluckhon Ethnocentrism-Sumner Ethnology- J.S Mill Essentialism- Karl Popper Eugenics- Francis Galton, Karl Pearson Gesselschaft and Gemeinschaft- Earl Bell Quasi Group- Ginsberg Primary and Secondary group- Cooley Positive and Negative Group- Newscomb Membership& Non- membership group- Merton Marginal Man- Adorno Status situation- Lockwood Status Symbol- Pack and Bourdien Structuralism- Levi Strauss Structuration- Anthony Giddens Status Set- Merton Status sequence- Merton Relative Deprivation- Stouffer, Merton Role Distance- Goffmann Roleset- Merton Patterns of culture- Ruth Benedict Ethos- Kroeber Primary and Secondary deviance- Lemert Theory of Moral development- Piaget Social distance- Bogardus Social Position- A.R.Brown Societal System- A.G Keller Sociography- F.Tonnies Sociometry- J.L Moreno Spiralist- Bell Social Character- Eric Fromm Social Fact- Durkheim

Differential Association Theory- Sutherland