Making 3x5.5 Mono and Bi Planes! That Fly!!! (Over 15 FT)

Making 3"x5.5" mono and bi planes! That Fly!!!
(over 15 ft)
by SoDDiggerCpl on February 9, 2007
Intro: Making 3"x5.5" mono and bi planes! That Fly!!!(over 15 ft)

You can make mono and bi plane gliding models with this instructable! Next up, the paper jet-engine!, also the bi-prop pontune plane(looks mega-cool Should I post them?
Image Notes 1. Paperclip weights 2. Upper wing 3. Landing pontunes 4. Tail 5. Wing mounts 6. Propeller. Yes, it spins while in flight! 7. Lower wing
Image Notes 1. Small paperclips 2. Cardstock. commonly known as "index cards" exact nanometer measurment of how big they are ( many of you have asked.) cant be known, but in the English speaking world, they are 3 inches by 5.5 inches. the 3 inch side is the smaller one on the picture. the 5.5 inch side is the bigger one. Anymore little kid questions, or can we get some adult ones now? 3. Scissors 4. Adhesive tape
Image Notes 1. tail wings 2. Upper-wing mount 3. Wings (after unfolding) 4. Discard the small peices(after cutting on the dotted line) 5. Fusalage 6. Lower-wing mount 7. fusalage
Image Notes 1. Discard! 2. Diacard!
http://www.instructables.com/id/Making-3%22x5.5%22--mono-and-bi-planes!-That-Fly!!!ov/
Image Notes 1. Monoplane 2. Biplane (without wings) eg: fusalage
Image Notes 1. roll the bearing around the clip, and tape it with a VERY SMALL peice of tape so it stays closed
Image Notes 1. This card will make the wings for the biplane
Image Notes 1. Fold the triangular tab from the previous image down
Image Notes 1. The long crease(cut off to create two symetrical wings) 2. The short crease 3. Cut this off and discard
Image Notes 1. The two uncompleted wing for the biplane 2. Discard!
Image Notes 1. the top of the triangular peice will be folded down in the next image 2. Fold the front of the wing back just over a 4th of an inch down (one cm) 3. Fold the tip of the midwing down to the center cease to get this
Image Notes 1. this is easier than it looks
Image Notes 1. folded down
Image Notes
Image Notes
1. wherever you see an orang box, apply tape
1. bend edges over to the top of the wing
Image Notes 1. This should be the finished wing assembly for the monoplane
Image Notes 1. forgot to add the cockpit and noze(next img)
Image Notes 1. bearing 2. prop 3. discard after removing the cockpit 4. obviously
Image Notes 1. hehe
Image Notes 1. put tape on
Image Notes 1. the tail should protrude slightly out the back of the fusalage so it can be taped 2. Use these in the construction of the prop
Image Notes 1. Top view--insert the cockpit before taping
Image Notes 1. add paperclips for weight
Image Notes 1. bearing 2. prop 3. the next series of images shows the creation of the propeller, which is made from the bearing and prop peices of paper, propeller is optional.
Image Notes 1. paperclip 2. prop 3. bearing
Image Notes 1. bend up, but make sure that the S shape is as close to 90 degrees as posible, so the bearing doesn't slip back. 2. use the bent paperclip to punch a hole here, agitate the clip while inserted to widen the hole just slightly larger than the clip (lets it spin freely)
Image Notes 1. put the bearing on the clip so it cant slip past the first 90 deg joint
Image Notes 1. Put the prop on
Image Notes 1. put a square piece of tape over the top of the paper clip, and cut so it resembles a diamond
Image Notes 1. Hold both ends of the prop, and twist, so it looks like this. It doesn't matter which way you twist, it will spin. if the angle of attack is steep, the prop will spin less, and the plane will travel with lest resistance through the air. With a gradual AA, the prop will spin a lot, make a buzzing noise, and the plane wont go as far. Visitor, don't comment! 2. Make sure this cant slip down (or else the prop will hit the bend) 3. May be a good idea to extend the tape out from the point a little for safety reasons
Image Notes 1. Put tape on clip, and attach to a front side of the fuselage (works on mono and bi plane.
Image Notes 1. Bend these tabs down to anchor to wing 2. Bend these tabs up, to anchor wing
Image Notes 1. Completed tabs look like this
Image Notes 1. Underside of wings 2. Tape the tips to the underside of the wing. The fold under the wing creates the shape known to generate lift.
Image Notes 1. Topside pf wing
Image Notes 1. inverted plane
2. tape tabs to top of of wing, and allow extra tape on front to curve below the wing. 3. Lower-wing mounts 4. upper wing mounts
2. apply more tape! 3. underside of wing
Image Notes 1. Upper wing mounts 2. anchor to bottom of other wing, and allow tape to bend over to top 3. underside of wing (notice the tape-box between the wing mounts)
Image Notes 1. bent over tape from upper wing mount
Image Notes 1. only need one of these 2. cut this out while unfolded (only need one) 3. You should cut this out while folded, so you get TWO pontunes
Image Notes 1. Flip the accessory card over (or unfold) and use a fresh section to make tail)
Image Notes 1. Accessories 2. Discard
Image Notes 1. Unfold the pontunes, and fold the legs under the midsection, and unfold halfway to get this
Image Notes 1. This to the bottom 2. This will anchor to the top of the lower wing
Image Notes 1. Shows how to attach the pontunes
Image Notes 1. attach the tail (same method as monoplane)
Image Notes 1. Add paperclips to each of the wing mounts 2. attach prop here
Step 1: Supplies
General supplies for this project. I am going to instruct you in the creation of mono and bi planes together.
Image Notes 1. Small paperclips 2. Cardstock. commonly known as "index cards" exact nanometer measurment of how big they are ( many of you have asked.) cant be known, but in the English speaking world, they are 3 inches by 5.5 inches. the 3 inch side is the smaller one on the picture. the 5.5 inch side is the bigger one. Anymore little kid questions, or can we get some adult ones now? 3. Scissors 4. Adhesive tape
Step 2: Make the fusalage for the planes

First, observe the photo, the top card displays the monoplane, the bottom the biplane. Cut on the solid lines, and the dotted lines. Discard noted pieces.
Image Notes 1. tail wings 2. Upper-wing mount 3. Wings (after unfolding) 4. Discard the small peices(after cutting on the dotted line) 5. Fusalage 6. Lower-wing mount 7. fusalage
Image Notes 1. Discard! 2. Diacard!
Image Notes 1. Monoplane 2. Biplane (without wings) eg: fusalage
Image Notes 1. Bend these tabs down to anchor to wing 2. Bend these tabs up, to anchor wing
Step 3: Fabricate the wings

On the monoplane, fold the wing pieces so they are at a 90 deg angle to their previous location. There should be a triangular point, which should be folded down. Open the wings, and flip the plane so you cant see the triangles. Fold the front of the wings back a little, so it looks like th image. Fold the little piece of the triangles down now. Tape. For the biplane, fold a fresh card hotdog style (longways) and then fold it hamburger style (shortways). Your fresh card should now be divided into four quadrants with creases. Cut the card on the line, and discard the smaller piece. Fold the tip in the center down and crease.
Image Notes 1. This card will make the wings for the biplane
Image Notes 1. Fold the triangular tab from the previous image down
Image Notes 1. The long crease(cut off to create two symetrical wings) 2. The short crease 3. Cut this off and discard
Image Notes 1. The two uncompleted wing for the biplane 2. Discard!
Image Notes 1. the top of the triangular peice will be folded down in the next image 2. Fold the front of the wing back just over a 4th of an inch down (one cm) 3. Fold the tip of the midwing down to the center cease to get this
Image Notes
Image Notes
1. this is easier than it looks
1. wherever you see an orang box, apply tape
Image Notes 1. bend edges over to the top of the wing
Image Notes 1. Underside of wings 2. Tape the tips to the underside of the wing. The fold under the wing creates the shape known to generate lift.
Step 4: Completing the monoplane

View the accessory card, and cut out the pieces. tape the tail on, then the cockpit. Next, tape the wings together at the front. and add paperclips. The next series of images will show you the construction of the prop.
Image Notes 1. forgot to add the cockpit and noze(next img)
Image Notes 1. hehe
Image Notes 1. bearing 2. prop 3. discard after removing the cockpit 4. obviously
Image Notes 1. Top view--insert the cockpit before taping
Image Notes
1. add paperclips for weight
Step 5: Building the prop

use the bearing and prop pieces from the two planes, as well as two paperclips to make the props. Just follow the directions on the images.
Image Notes 1. paperclip 2. prop 3. bearing
Image Notes 1. bend up, but make sure that the S shape is as close to 90 degrees as posible, so the bearing doesn't slip back. 2. use the bent paperclip to punch a hole here, agitate the clip while inserted to widen the hole just slightly larger than the clip (lets it spin freely)
Image Notes 1. roll the bearing around the clip, and tape it with a VERY SMALL peice of tape so it stays closed
Image Notes 1. put the bearing on the clip so it cant slip past the first 90 deg joint
Image Notes 1. Put the prop on
Image Notes 1. put a square piece of tape over the top of the paper clip, and cut so it resembles a diamond
Image Notes 1. Hold both ends of the prop, and twist, so it looks like this. It doesn't matter which way you twist, it will spin. if the angle of attack is steep, the prop will spin less, and the plane will travel with lest resistance through the air. With a gradual AA, the prop will spin a lot, make a buzzing noise, and the plane wont go as far. Visitor, don't comment! 2. Make sure this cant slip down (or else the prop will hit the bend)
Image Notes 1. put tape on
3. May be a good idea to extend the tape out from the point a little for safety reasons
Image Notes 1. Put tape on clip, and attach to a front side of the fuselage (works on mono and bi plane.
Step 6: Finish the biplane

Get the fuselage and wings, and a fresh card. Fold the card in half, and draw the accessories on. cut them out, and proceed to attach them. add paperclips for weight, and add the prop. Congrats! Nice plane!
Image Notes 1. Completed tabs look like this
Image Notes 1. Topside pf wing 2. tape tabs to top of of wing, and allow extra tape on front to curve below the wing. 3. Lower-wing mounts 4. upper wing mounts
Image Notes 1. inverted plane 2. apply more tape! 3. underside of wing
Image Notes 1. Upper wing mounts 2. anchor to bottom of other wing, and allow tape to bend over to top 3. underside of wing (notice the tape-box between the wing mounts)
Image Notes 1. only need one of these 2. cut this out while unfolded (only need one) 3. You should cut this out while folded, so you get TWO pontunes
Image Notes
Image Notes
1. Flip the accessory card over (or unfold) and use a fresh section to make tail)
1. Accessories 2. Discard
Image Notes 1. Unfold the pontunes, and fold the legs under the midsection, and unfold halfway to get this
Image Notes 1. This to the bottom 2. This will anchor to the top of the lower wing
Image Notes 1. Shows how to attach the pontunes
Image Notes 1. Paperclip weights 2. Upper wing 3. Landing pontunes 4. Tail 5. Wing mounts 6. Propeller. Yes, it spins while in flight! 7. Lower wing
Step 7: Making them fly.

You need to bend the front tips of the tail wings down at a 45 deg angle, this makes the rear of the plane wan to fly down, and if you throw in the lift from the front wings, the plane will stay airborne. This would be equivalent to turning the ailerons (control surfaces on the rear wings) up, to adjust the angle of attack on the front wings. Without this adjustment to the plane, it would make a tight loop downwards, and hit the ground. Fiddle around with the tail wings and tail until it flies the way you want it to. If the plane isn't going fast enough to fly, increase the angle of attack on the prop, to allow more air past with less rotations. You want to increase the length of v0 on the diagram (allows more air past) eg: twist it more
Image Notes 1. The greater the length of v0, the steeper the AA 2. Ignore this 3. Steep AA 4. Gradual AA
Comments
35 comments Add Comment
jhaupt says:
Is the bearing just rolled up cardstock that has been taped?
Jun 23, 2011. 1:23 PM REPLY
bobbubbles says:
i cant either
Dec 24, 2010. 4:37 PM REPLY
NaesDraw says:
I might recommend scale templates, to ease building these.
May 21, 2009. 1:24 PM REPLY
whysolate says:
isn't 15 feet a bit too short? and do we have to follow strict dimensions to make sure stability while on flight?
Feb 11, 2007. 1:26 PM REPLY
SoDDiggerCpl says:
Feb 11, 2007. 5:41 PM REPLY For the monoplane, you can cut out any design as long as it the the point at which you fold the wing down ends a the fuselage, and the wing width is never too short to provide stability. Properly adjusted, I've gotten these planes to fly across a 30' room.
claw1892 says:
how big are the cards exactly?
Mar 21, 2008. 7:19 AM REPLY
Tomturbo says:
Nov 5, 2007. 8:45 AM REPLY Hi SoCal..very well done..some people our there just want a Mercedes for the price of a Schwinn LOL..but again Very Nicely Done...not built to break flight records..just for the enjoyment of the build..Thanks again......Tom Mar 18, 2008. 5:51 PM REPLY
jonnxos.. says:
I like the idea and the biplane TOTALLY but I can't follow the steps.
noornisaik says:
Feb 25, 2008. 12:29 PM REPLY Thanks for the instructable. I'm a total newbie so forgive me if this sounds silly: would replacing some parts (the parts that don't need to be folded) with foam affect the flight capability of the plane? A reply would be most appreciated.
bumsugger says:
Nice Instructable SoDiggerCpl,well thought out and presented,a lot of thought has obviously gone into this project.
Jan 25, 2008. 7:31 AM REPLY
the gizmoman says:

cool ! heres a coolweb sight I found:) http://www.loftymansion.com/users/takechan/PAPER_ANGELS/down/des1.html and http://www.geocities.jp/micropaperplane/index2plan.htm
Jul 3, 2007. 5:46 PM REPLY
Metalicspark says:
Apr 8, 2007. 10:45 PM REPLY OMG i love building things that can fly! I only use to know how to make paper airplanes n stuff but now with these instructables i can make awsome flying stuff! :D if any1 has any good instructables for other flying crafts that u can make out of household items (that really fly) send em to me pls!:D thx
your mom says:

is it alright if i post a diffrent version of this?
Mar 19, 2007. 10:14 PM REPLY
cactus1 says:
Feb 23, 2007. 4:54 PM REPLY Ehh.. Sorry for bad grammar and ignore the first half of my post. Didn't notice the comments were arrannged most recent to mrst ancient,
cactus1 says:
Feb 23, 2007. 4:11 PM REPLY AS stated fore by its creator, it glides. One good addition to it would be a rubber band so its propellers could actually propel the plane.
ll0ll says:
Feb 12, 2007. 6:17 AM REPLY just made one of these, .. bi plane and wow, looks cool , but it flips around a lot. Any chance of some photos of the finished bi-plane?! (more photos!) I cant quite work out how to weight it properly. Fun though, going to make another one with a shorter fusalage, with all the crashes, it became very damaged.
SoDDiggerCpl says:
Feb 21, 2007. 9:39 PM REPLY If you watch a real plane as it takes off, you'll notice that there are flaps on the wings and tail. While in flight, adjustments of these surfaces control the direction of the plane. If the plane is doing an upwards loop, an adjustment that makes it level off is needed. Adjustments: Plane goes up: Bend points (on the front) of rear wings UP (allows more air to pass under the wing) until flight is stable. Plane goes down: Bend point of rear wings DOWN (lets more air go over the wing) until flight is stable. Plane flies to the left: Bend point of tail LEFT (lets more air past on right) until flight is stable. Plane flies to the right: Bend point of tail RIGHT (lets more air past on the left) until flight is stable. A combination of these steps may be needed. Notice how you bend the points of the control surfaces towards the problem? In a conventional aircraft, the control surfaces are on the rear of the wings, not the front, so an adjustment away from the problem is needed. For my designs though, it looks cooler, and you don't need to cut flaps!
uzerzero says:
Feb 20, 2007. 10:34 PM REPLY This is really neat, but it would be a lot neater if there was a version that not only looked nice, but could also be made in just a few minutes with practice. This would make it extremely useful for times you're bored at the office, or in classes, and then just launch a little paper airplane that flies across the room. Still, I'll try it sometime wen i get the chance.
SoDDiggerCpl says:
Feb 21, 2007. 9:28 PM REPLY I impressed my whole chemistry class by building a monoplane in under a minute, and it flew quite well. As I've said in the instructable, the accessories are just that, and the only thing you need is the tail. The biplane took me two minutes, and need a few adjustments before it worked. Just step back and think, the monoplane is made out of one piece of paper and two paperclips, its faster to make one of these monoplanes than to make the plane in my first instructable.
ll0ll says:
Feb 12, 2007. 4:20 AM REPLY any chance of adding a pdf or something to get the shapes correct to cut out? Maybe I'm lame, but it looks complicated..Wicked, but complicated :)
SoDDiggerCpl says:
Feb 12, 2007. 7:53 PM REPLY Its not as bad as it looks. For the biplane, all you need to do is make the wings, assemble the fuselage (tail-wings, fuselage, and wing-mounts) And it all goes together pretty easy. To make it fly (view last step) just add weight (four paper clips for bi, two for mono) and adjust the control surfaces (in this case adjusting the front of the tail-wings so the point is facing down at a 45 deg angle ore more.
SeaLion says:
whoa...so...complex...but cool!
Feb 12, 2007. 3:21 AM REPLY
jeffreyf says:
Awesomeness.
Feb 10, 2007. 5:28 PM REPLY
SoDDiggerCpl says:
Why, thank-you!
Feb 10, 2007. 5:24 PM REPLY
robonut625 says:
Think you could have put more pics in there?...lol Great instructable... I might have to try one if I have time.
Feb 10, 2007. 11:59 AM REPLY
SoDDiggerCpl says:
I would have put in more pics, but the bats in my camera died. Use blank flashcards to make these.
Feb 10, 2007. 4:09 PM REPLY
i make shooting things says:

just 1 Q is this for display or dose it fly to?
Feb 10, 2007. 10:12 AM REPLY
spinach_dip says:
(removed by author or community request)
Feb 10, 2007. 12:50 PM
SoDDiggerCpl says:
Be nice! it does!
Feb 10, 2007. 4:07 PM REPLY
Jack Daniels says:

yeah will this thing fly? awsome instructable though
Feb 10, 2007. 12:50 PM REPLY
spinach_dip says:
(removed by author or community request)
Feb 10, 2007. 12:51 PM
Jack Daniels says:
Feb 10, 2007. 2:02 PM REPLY no need to be a jerk man it was a simple question i read the title it could "glide"4 ft and be called a gliding plane doesn't mean it flys well.
SoDDiggerCpl says:
If the tail wings are properly adjusted, it should fly at least 15 ft.
Feb 10, 2007. 4:08 PM REPLY
Mesach says:
Feb 10, 2007. 1:17 PM REPLY This thing looks awesome, but does it fly or is it just a display piece is the question.. that would be really cool if it flew! Anyone know?
csmiler says:
Of course it flies!!!!
Apr 7, 2008. 1:50 AM REPLY

Making 3x5.5 Mono and Bi Planes! That Fly!!! (Over 15 FT)

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Making 3x5.5 Mono and Bi Planes! That Fly!!! (Over 15 FT)

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Making 3"x5.5" mono and bi planes! That Fly!!!

Intro: Making 3"x5.5" mono and bi planes! That Fly!!!(over 15 ft)

Image Notes 1. Discard! 2. Diacard!

Image Notes 1. Monoplane 2. Biplane (without wings) eg: fusalage

Image Notes 1. this is easier than it looks

Image Notes 1. folded down

1. wherever you see an orang box, apply tape

1. bend edges over to the top of the wing

Image Notes 1. forgot to add the cockpit and noze(next img)

Image Notes 1. hehe

Image Notes 1. put tape on

Image Notes 1. Top view--insert the cockpit before taping

Image Notes 1. add paperclips for weight

Image Notes 1. paperclip 2. prop 3. bearing

Image Notes 1. Put the prop on

Image Notes 1. Completed tabs look like this

Image Notes 1. Topside pf wing

Image Notes 1. inverted plane

2. apply more tape! 3. underside of wing

Image Notes 1. bent over tape from upper wing mount

Image Notes 1. Accessories 2. Discard

Image Notes 1. Shows how to attach the pontunes

Image Notes 1. attach the tail (same method as monoplane)

Step 2: Make the fusalage for the planes

Image Notes 1. Discard! 2. Diacard!

Image Notes 1. Monoplane 2. Biplane (without wings) eg: fusalage

Step 3: Fabricate the wings

1. this is easier than it looks

1. wherever you see an orang box, apply tape

Image Notes 1. bend edges over to the top of the wing

Step 4: Completing the monoplane

Image Notes 1. forgot to add the cockpit and noze(next img)

Image Notes 1. hehe

Image Notes 1. Top view--insert the cockpit before taping

1. add paperclips for weight

Step 5: Building the prop

Image Notes 1. paperclip 2. prop 3. bearing

Image Notes 1. Put the prop on

Image Notes 1. put tape on

Step 6: Finish the biplane

Image Notes 1. Completed tabs look like this

Image Notes 1. inverted plane 2. apply more tape! 3. underside of wing

Image Notes 1. Shows how to attach the pontunes

Step 7: Making them fly.

Jun 23, 2011. 1:23 PM REPLY

Dec 24, 2010. 4:37 PM REPLY

May 21, 2009. 1:24 PM REPLY

Feb 11, 2007. 1:26 PM REPLY

Mar 21, 2008. 7:19 AM REPLY

Jan 25, 2008. 7:31 AM REPLY

the gizmoman says:

Jul 3, 2007. 5:46 PM REPLY

your mom says:

Mar 19, 2007. 10:14 PM REPLY

Feb 12, 2007. 3:21 AM REPLY

Feb 10, 2007. 5:28 PM REPLY

Feb 10, 2007. 5:24 PM REPLY

Feb 10, 2007. 11:59 AM REPLY

Feb 10, 2007. 4:09 PM REPLY

i make shooting things says:

Feb 10, 2007. 10:12 AM REPLY

Feb 10, 2007. 12:50 PM