PASSIVE VOICE

Passive Voice is the sentence structure of writing in the English language where the subject (person) of the sentence imposed job. Passive Voice not only exist in English only, in the Indonesian Passive Sentences we know with a very simple change that particle di-/ ter-. Subjects in the Passive Voice is an object in the Active Voice. Thus, subjects in the active sentence can be mentioned or not mentioned (omitted) in the passive voice. Therefore, active sentences can be converted into an active sentence passive voice is just having a transitive verb. There are two kinds of verbs that, Transitive (requires objects) and Intrasitive (does not require the object). Examples of Transitive Verbs: Buy, Drink, Eat, Make.

Examples of Intransitif Verbs: Go, Come, Sleep, Run. Outline passive sentence patterns can be seen in the following formula: S +to be + V3
Continuous : Capital :

S +to be + being +V3 S +capital + be +V3

In detail passive sentence patterns can be seen in the following formula:

Present

1. Simple Present: S +to be (is,am are) +V3

Simple present tense is a verb form to state the facts, habits, and events that happen at the present time. Verb form is most commonly used in English.

Example: Aktif : The maid opens the window every morning Pasif : The window is opened by the maid every morning

Positive (+) Negative (-) Introgative (?)

S + V1 S + (do/does) + bare infinitive S + (am/is/are) S + aux. verb(do/does) + not + bare infinitive S + be(am/is/are) + not Do/Does + S + bare infinitive Be(am/is/are) + S

2. Present Continuous :

S +to be (is,am are) + being + V3

Present continuous tense or present progressive tense is a verb form that is used to discuss the ongoing action now (present) or plan to in the future (future). Because it can be

used in the present or the future, this tense is often accompanied by an adverb of time to clarify Example: Aktif : Sulfan is reading a nove now Pasif : A novel is being read by sulfan now Positive S + be (am/is/are) + V1-ing (+) Negative S + be (am/is/are) + not + V1-ing (-) Introgative be(am/is/are) + S + V1-ing? (?) 3. Present Perfect : S +has/have + been +V3 Present perfect tense is a verb form used to express an action or situation that has started in the past and has been completed at a given point in time in the past or still continues today. Example: Aktif : The students have done the exercises Pasif : The exercises has been done by the students Positive S + aux. verb(have/has) + V-3 (+) Negative S + aux. verb(have/has) + not + V-3 (-) Introgative aux. verb(have/has) + S + V-3 (?) 4. Present Perfect Continuous : S + has/have + been +being +V3

Present perfect continuous tense is a verb form used to express action completed at some point in the past or the action has started in the past and continues today. Action on the present perfect continuous tense usually lasts a certain time and no relevance to current conditions. Example:

Aktif : The mechanic has been repairing my motor cycle for an hour Pasif : My motor cycle has been being repaired by the mechanic for an hour Positive S + have/has + been + V1-ing (+) Negative S + have/has + not + been + V1-ing (-) Introgative have/has + S + been + V1-ing (?)

Past

1. Simple Past : S +to be (was/were) +V3 S +to be (was/were) + being + V3 Simple past tense is a simple form of the verb to indicate that an event 3 occurred in the past. In the simple past tense, future events (yesterday, last two days, last year) or the period of time (for two months, for a day, for an hour) can be specifically mentioned. The simple past tense can also be used to establish if the conditional type 2. Example: Aktif : Joni typed a letter Pasif : A letter was typed by joni S + Verb-2 Positive S + be(was/were) (+) S + did + not + bare infinitive Negative S + be(was/were) + not (-) Introgative Did + S + bare infinitive be(was/were) + S (?) 2. Past Continuous : S +to be (was/were) + being + V3 Past continuous tense or past progressive tense is a verb form that is used to express that an action is happening at a particular time in the past. The action has been initiated but not yet completed at the time. . Example: Aktif : Mother was cooking rice when father came home Pasif : Rice was being cooked by mother when father came home

Positive (+) Negative (-) Introgative (?) 3. Past Perfect :

S + be(was/were) + V1-ing S + be(was/were) + not + V1-ing be(was/were) + S + V1-ing

S + had + been + V3

Past perfect tense is a verb form that is used to declare that an action has been completed at some point in the past before another action occurs. Action which has been completed in the past

Example: Aktif : Tika had watered the garden when I came Pasif : The garden had been watered by tika when I came Positive S + had + Verb-3 (+) Negative S + had + not + Verb-3 (-) Introgative had + S + Verb-3 (?) 4. Past Perfect Continuous : S + had + been + being + V3 Past perfect continuous tense adalah suatu bentuk kata kerja yang digunakan untuk mengungkapkan suatu aksi (dengan durasi waktu tertentu) telah selesai pada suatu titik waktu tertentu di masa lalu. Example: Aktif : Vikri had been washing the clothes for 30 minutes when the bomb exploded Pasif : The clothes had been being washed by vikri for 30 minutes when the bomb exploded Positive S + had + been + V1-ing (+) Negative S + had + not + been + V1-ing (-) Introgative had + S + been + V1-ing (?)

Future

1. Simple Future : S + will + be + V3 Simple future tense is a verb form that is used to declare that an action happens in the future, be spontaneous or planned. The simple future tense can also be used to form a conditional if type 1. Example: Aktif : Andi will paint the table Pasif : The table will be painted by andi S + will + bare infinitive Positive S + be(am/is/are) + going + infinitive (+) S + will + not + bare infinitive Negative S + be(am/is/are) + not + going + infinitive (-) Introgative Will + S + bare infinitive Be(am/is/are) + S + going + infinitive ? (?) 2. Future Continuous : S + will + be + being + V3 Future continuous tense or future progressive tense is a verb form used to express action that will be taking place at a specific time in the future. The action has been initiated but not yet completed at the time. Example: Aktif : Agung will be doing the exam at 8 oclock tomorrow morning Pasif : The exam will be being done by agung at 8 oclock tomorrow morning Positive S + will be+V1-ing (+) Negative S + will + not +be +V1-ing (-) Introgative Will + S + be + V1-ing (?) 3. Future Perfect : S + will + have + been + V3

Future perfect tense is a verb form used to express an activity that would have been completed at some point in time in the future. Example:

Aktif : Rina will have read all chapters of the book Pasif : All chapters of the book will have been read by rina

Positive (+) Negative (-) Introgative (?)

S + will + have + V-3 S + will + not + have + V-3 will + S + have + V-3

4. Future Perfect Continuous : S + will + have + been + being + V3

Future perfect continuous tense is a verb form that is used to express that an action would have been going on for so long at a certain point in time in the future. Example:

Aktif : Ahnaf will have been typing the proposal Pasif : The proposal will have been being typed by ahnaf Kalimat Positive (+) Negative (-) Introgative (?) Rumus
S + will + have been + V1-ing S + will + not + have been + V1-ing will + S + have been + V1-ing

Bentuk pasif yang memiliki MODAL

When the active sentence have auxiliary verb or modals (will, shall, can, may, just, should, had better, ought to, be supposed to) so the voice contruction. S + modal + be + V3 Aktif : The committee will announce the result of test next week Pasif : The result of the test will be announced by the committee next week When the active sentence have auxiliary verb or modals (should have, must have, ought to have) so the voice contruction S + modal + been + V3 Aktif : Mr Abrar must have built a house Pasif : A house must have been built by Mr Abrar

Bentuk pasif setelah NEED

V-ing S + need + To be +V3

Examples: The Clothes are dirty The clothes need washing The clothes need to be washed

Bentuk pasif dengan ANTICIPATORY IT Anticipatory IT digunakan untuk menyatakan kepercayaan umum. Kalimat pasif dengan impersonal IT ini dibentuk dari kalimat aktif yang mempunyai subjek: people, everybody, dan everyone. Kata kerja yang dipakai adalah: believe, hypothesize, know, think, say and write.

Anticipatory IT + to be+ V3 + that+ S + V Aktif : Everyone knows that the earth goes around the sun Pasif : It is known that the earth goes around the sun
Bentuk pasif dengan INFINITIVE

Examples :

S + be + to be + V3

- This rice is to be stored - These books are to be revired Notes: The passive voice is made from the sentence and has an object (transitive verb) The object the active sentence become the subject of the passive sentence The contruction of the passive voice

Daftar Pustaka
Sofyan, Ir. Fahmi. 2011. Kiat Sukses Lulus Ujian Bahasa Inggris.Tebet Barat. Jakarta Febrianti, Asih and Karisma M.Sukarno. Bahasa Inggris SMA. Yogyakarta. Jawa Tengah http://www.belajarbahasainggris.us/2013/11/penjelasan-passive-voice.html http://www.wordsmile.com/pengertian-rumus-contoh-passive-voice