1.

INTRODUCTION

1.1

Purpose

The purpose of this report is to: describe in short the general design and safety performance of existing traffic system improve and design a proper traffic system on existing highway

This report is focused on the solution for the improved traffic on existing traffic system. In addition there are number of issues and consideration included in the report in order to design and improve the existing traffic system. The objective of this report is to design a better and safer traffic highway system and incorporate new design system that adapted to the conditions and environment. From the existing traffic system we found that: 1. No pedestrian walking provided. 2. No roundabout provided for the four ways intersection. 3. The intersection solely depend on traffic signals and highly bad traffic flow will occur. 4. High frequency of accidents can occur with no proper traffic system. 5. Empty area along the roadway

1.1.1 Design Criteria

The following are the objectives to achieve in designing the roundabout:

Number of lane must be equal (2 lane in one direction) so that the traffic flow will remain stable and constant when vehicles merging from another direction. What stay on the left will remain on the left and what stay on the right will remain on the right.

Slow entry speeds and consistent speeds through the roundabout by using deflection.

A design that meets the needs of pedestrians and bicyclists.

Appropriate sight distance and visibility.

1.2

General Design Description

From the research and analysis of the existing traffic system, there are number of ways to improve for better and safer system for the vehicles and the pedestrian in the area. To improve the existing road system and traffic, one of the solution suggested is to design the newly modernized roundabout that is also known as modern roundabout that is used for roundabouts designed and controlled according to the principles in this report. The primary reason why we choose modern roundabout because of its safety. Modern roundabouts, compared to traffic signal controlled intersections can reduce crashes or accidents. This is largely because of the lower speeds at roundabouts, compared to traffic signal intersections where vehicles often travel through a green light at full, free-flow speed. Accidents that do occur tend to be less severe.

Modern roundabouts are circular intersections that evolved from the older traffic circles. Roundabouts are generally more compact and have slower travel speeds. In most

situations, a modern roundabout can handler higher traffic volumes with less delay than traffic signals. The main reason the modern roundabout differ from the normal

roundabout is because rules of the right-of-way applied in it and the "yield when entering" principle is always in effect.

2.0

Characteristic

Compared to traffic circles in general the most important characteristics of modern roundabouts are the yield at entry and deflection of traffic.

1. Yield Vehicles entering a roundabout on all approaches are required to yield to vehicles within the circulating roadway.

Yield Sign

2. Deflection The speed at which a vehicle is able to pass the roundabout is controlled by the location with respect to the alignment of the right entry curb. (This feature is responsible for the improved safety record of modern roundabouts).

3. No stop or parking is allowed on the circulating roadway.

4. No pedestrian activities take place.

2.1

Basic Operation

The basic operation of a modern roundabout include the following: 1. Straight ahead 2. Left turn and U-turn 3. Exit positions

Straight ahead Approach in the right lane and stay in that lane through the roundabout (solid line). If the right lane is blocked due to dense traffic or road obstruction, then approach and continue through the roundabout in the left lane (broken line). In both cases, display your right turn indicator just past the exit prior to the one you plan to take. (No signal is required on the approach to the roundabout).

Left turn and U-turn Approach in the left lane, displaying your left turn indicator before entering the roundabout and maintain this signal. Change to your right turn indicator just past the exit prior to the one you plan to take.

Exit positions When exiting a roundabout, (whether travelling straight ahead or turning left) continue in the same lane you are using in the roundabout. Always use the right turn indicator prior to exiting.

2.2 Advantages And Disadvantages

Advantages Safety Reduced number of conflict points compared to uncontrolled intersection Lower speeds reduce frequency and severity of both vehiclevehicle and pedestrian-vehicle accidents. Capacity Traffic yields rather than stops, often resulting in the acceptance of smaller time gaps. Roundabouts should normally give higher capacity/lane due to the omission of lost time (red and yellow) at signalized intersections. Delay Overall delay will probably be less than for an equivalent volume signalized intersection Cost Accident costs are low due to the low number of accidents and severity Maintenance costs are generally lower for roundabouts. Pedestrians/ bicyclists Low speeds reduce frequency and severity of pedestrian-vehicle accidents.

Disadvantages

Capacity In a coordinated signalized network a signalized intersection can increase the overall capacity of the network. Delay Signals may give shorter total delays in intersections with (very high volumes on some entries and very low on others). Cost In some locations, roundabouts may require more road/street lighting Pedestrians/ bicyclists Longer paths increase travel distances for both pedestrians and bicyclists. Roundabouts may increase delay for pedestrians seeking time gaps to cross.

The following are the benefits we can get from using modern roundabout:

1.

Roundabout safety for pedestrians and bicyclists

It is safer for because pedestrian crossing is reduced to two simple crossings of one or two way traffic proceeding at relatively slow speeds. crossing is the best choice but the cost is more expensive. Although bridge

Pedestrian safety is enhanced by the presence of a Pedestrian Crosswalk sign placed right before a vehicle enters a modern roundabout. Even with this precaution, it is recommended that pedestrians use caution and always use the designated crosswalk.

Properly designed modern roundabouts safely accommodate bicycles. Because vehicles are traveling at 15-25 mph comparable to bicycle speeds.

2.

The price for building modern roundabout

Demographics, geography and environmental elements all need to be considered to build a roundabout and depends.

Modern roundabouts do not require traffic light electricity, but the maintenance of landscaping or public art might costly.

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3.

Ongoing Operations and Maintenance

A roundabout typically has lower operating and maintenance costs than a traffic signal due to the lack of technical hardware, signal timing equipment, and electricity needs. Roundabouts also provide low cost savings to society due to the reduction in crashes.

4.

Environmental Factors

Roundabouts often provide environmental benefits by reducing vehicle delay and the number and duration of stops. Even when there are heavy volumes, vehicles continue to advance slowly in moving queues rather than coming to a complete stop. As a result it can reduce noise and air quality impacts and fuel consumption significantly by reducing the number of acceleration or deceleration cycles.

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5.

Operational Performance

When operating within their capacity, roundabouts have lower overall delay than signalized and all-way stop-controlled intersections. The delay reduction is often most significant during non-peak traffic periods. Roundabouts can often reduce lane requirements for bridges over or under the freeway and reducing construction costs. Due to yield-controlled intersections, roundabouts do not provide priority to specific users such as trains, transit, or emergency vehicle.

Other Benefit and Change 1. For the empty area along the highway near the shop, we decided to change the empty area to parking area. With the parking provided, more capacity of vehicles can be added to park their vehicles rather in the open space and as a result it will not disrupt the traffic.

2. Bridge crossing is added between the shop house and the school. Pedestrian crossing is not provided here because since it is the main entrance, more people will likely to crosss than other area and by using bridge. The traffic will be

packed to wait for the pedestrian crossing. So using a bridge can prevent it and without further delay the crossing. Building a bridge is costly then pedestrian crosswalking but we only focused on the main entrance than other area.

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3.0 SAFETY PERFORMANCE EVALUATION

There are several considerations need to take in order to design the modern roundabout. The basic characteristics of four primary user groups are motorists,

pedestrians, bicyclists, and emergency vehicles.

1. Motorists Roundabouts can enhance the safety for drivers, including older drivers, by: Allowing more time to make decisions, act, and react Reducing the number of directions in which a driver needs to watch for conflicting traffic

2. Pedestrians Pedestrians are accommodated at pedestrian crosswalks around the perimeter of the roundabout. The low vehicular speeds through a roundabout also allow more time for drivers and pedestrians to react to one another and to reduce the consequences of error.

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3. Bicycles Bicyclists are often comfortable riding through single lane roundabouts in lowvolume environments in the travel lane with motor vehicles, as speeds are comparable and potential conflicts are low.

4. Emergency Vehicles Roundabouts provide emergency vehicles the benefit of lower vehicle speeds, which may make roundabouts safer for them to negotiate than signalized crossings.

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4.0 CONCLUSION

As conclusion, modern roundabout can provide better, safer and benefits to the traffic system which will improve the existing one. The solution for the system is to build a roundabout and although modern roundabout do not need traffic devices it still can provide better traffic calming effects on streets by reducing vehicle speeds using geometric design rather than relying on traffic control devices.

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