Simple Present Diagram We use the Simple Present when we talk about something which happens repeatedely.

We use the Simple Present to describe a series of actions in the present.

Simple Present Use The Simple Present is frequently used in English. It is also called Present Simple. Have a look at the following examples: 1) repeated actions (every day, always, often, sometimes or never) My friend often draws nice posters. I never drink milk.

2) things in general The sun rises in the East.

3) fixed arrangements, scheduled events (e.g. timetable)

The plane flies to London every Monday.

4) actions in the present - one follows after the other (first - then, after that) First I get up, then I have breakfast.

5) instructions Open your books at page 34.

6) after special verbs, which are normally not used with the Present Progressive (These verbs express states, possessions, feelings etc.) be, believe, belong, hate, hear, like, love, mean, prefer, remain, realize, see, seem, smell, think, understand, want, wish I understand English. He doesn't like fish. Simple Present - Signal words These words tell you what tense you have to use. For the Simple Present these are adverbs of frequency: always often usually sometimes seldom never Other phrases of time can occur, like: every day every week on Mondays every year after school

Form of the Simple Present We use the infinitive of the verb. In the 3rd person Singular (he, she, it - or a name) we put an -s at the end of the infinitive. infinitive - 3rd person Singular (he, she, it) infinitive + -s

Affirmative sentences: I/we/you/they play football. He/she/it plays football. NOTE: he, she, it - Do not forget the -s.

Negative sentences: We use the auxiliary do. I/we/you/they do not play football. He/she/it does not play football. NOTE: We often use short forms in negative sentences in the Simple Present: I/we/you/they don't play football. He/she/it doesn't play football.

Questions: Do I/we/you/they play football? Does he/she/it play football?

http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/questions/present_progressive2.htm

Simple Present - Spelling Be careful with some words when using the 3rd person singular. 1) verbs ending in a sibilant [s] [z] [] [] [] [] or verbs ending in -o preceded by a consonant We add -es to the infinitive. Examples: I watch - he watches I go - he goes 2) verbs ending in -y verbs ending in 'y' preceded by a vowel (a, e, i, o, u): Add -s. Example: I play - he plays verbs ending in 'y' preceded by a consonant: Change 'y' to 'i' and add 'es'. Example: I hurry - he hurries Special verbs in the Simple Present 1) have as a full verb affirmative sentence I, we, you, they: I have a book. he, she, it: He has a book. He does not have a book. Does he have a book? I do not have a book. Do I have a book? negative sentence question I pass - he passes I do - he does

2) be as a full verb affirmative sentence I am from Britain. he, she, it: He is from Britain. we, you, they: We are from Britain. We are not from Britain. Are we from Britain? He is not from Britain. Is he from Britain? negative sentence I am not from Britain. question Am I from Britain?

We often use the short forms with this verb. 3) do as a full verb affirmative sentence I, we, you, they: I do an exercise. he, she, it: He does an exercise. He does not do an exercise. Does he do an exercise? I do not do an exercise. Do I do an exercise? negative sentence question

4) modal auxiliaries can, could, may, must, need, will etc. affirmative sentence negative sentence question

every time regardless the subject (I, he, she, it, we, you, they): I can play tennis. NOTE: We can subtitute don't (can't) for do not (cannot). Modals have the same form every time regardless the subject. We do not add an -s to the infinitive. I cannot play tennis. Can I play tennis?

Positive statements in the Simple Present - Exercise Put the correct forms of the verbs into the gaps. Use the Simple Present in the statements. Example: I _____ in the lake. (to swim) Answer: I swim in the lake.

1) We ( 2) Emma ( 3) They ( 4) John ( 5) I ( 6) He (

) our dog. (to call) ) in the lessons. (to dream) ) at birds. (to look) ) home from school. (to come) ) my friends. (to meet) ) the laptop. (to repair) ) hello. (to say)

7) Walter and Frank ( 8) The cat ( 9) You ( 10) She (

) under the tree. (to sit) ) water. (to drink) ) the lunchbox. (to forget)

Positive statements in the Simple Present - Exercise (Answer) Put the correct forms of the verbs into the gaps. Use the Simple Present in the statements. Example: I _____ in the lake. (to swim) Answer: I swim in the lake.

1) We call our dog. (to call) 2) Emma dreams in the lessons. (to dream) 3) They look at birds. (to look) 4) John comes home from school. (to come) 5) I meet my friends. (to meet) 6) He repairs the laptop. (to repair) 7) Walter and Frank say hello. (to say) 8) The cat sits under the tree. (to sit) 9) You drink water. (to drink) 10) She forgets the lunchbox. (to forget)

Present Progressive Diagram

We use the Present Progressive when we talk about something which is happening at the moment of speaking.

Present Progressive/Continuous Use

The Present Progressive is used when we talk about something which is happening now. It is also called Present Continuous. Have a look at the following examples: 1) actions happening at the moment of speaking (now, at the moment) Peter is reading a book now. Shes listening to the radio. 2) fixed plan in the near future She is going to Basel on Saturday. 3) temporary actions His father is working in Rome this month. Note: We do use verbs which express states and are normally not used with the Present Progressive. Watch the difference in meaning. They love being together. (They are not together now.) They are loving being together. (They are together now.)

4) actions happening around the moment of speaking (longer actions) My friend is preparing for his exams. 5) trends More and more people are using their computers to listen to music. 6) repeated actions which are irritating to the speaker (with always, constantly, forever) Andrew is always coming in late. (I don't like it.) Simple Present: Andrew always comes late. (Here I don't give a comment.)

Present Progressive - Signal words Signal words tell you what tense you have to use. In the Present Progressive these words are used in situations which happen at the time of speaking. now at the moment Look! Listen!

Form of the Present Progressive/Continuous We use a form of to be (am, are or is), the infinitive of the verb and the ending ing. to be (am, are, is) + infinitive + -ing Affirmative sentences: I am playing volleyball. He/she/it is playing volleyball. We/you/they are playing volleyball. NOTE: Use am with I - is with he, she, it - and with all other pronouns are. We often use short forms in affirmative sentences in the Present Progressive.

Negative sentences: I am not playing volleyball. He/she/it is not playing volleyball. We/you/they are not playing volleyball. NOTE: We often use short forms in negative sentences in the Present Progressive. Questions: In the Present Progressive we put the auxiliary (am, are or is) before the subject (Auxiliary - Subject - Verb - Rest). Am I playing volleyball? Is he/she/it playing volleyball? Are we/you/they playing volleyball? Present Progressive - Spelling Be careful with some words when adding -ing to the infinitive. 1) consonant after a short, stressed vowel at the end of the word Double the consonant. sit he is sitting put - he is putting

If the consonant is not stressed, we do not double it: benefit - benefiting (Here we stress the first 'e', not the 'i'.) In British English we double one -l at the end of the word: travel - travelling 2) one -e at the end of the word Leave out the -e. write he is writing take he is taking

BUT: double e: add -ing see he is seeing 3) verbs ending in -ie Change 'ie' to 'y'. lie - he is lying 4) verbs ending in -c Change 'c' to 'ck'. picnic - he is picnicking Special verbs in the Present Progressive There are verbs which are normally not used in the Present Progressive, like: be, believe, belong, hate, hear, like, love, mean, prefer, remain, realize, see, seem, smell, think, understand, want, wish We sometimes use these words in the Present Progressive in the following situations: He's seeing his father tomorrow. (fixed date) The group is seeing the sights of Paris. (see in connection with tourists) They are having a great time in Kapstadt. (have as an activity verb) What's the matter with you? What are you thinking? - (to be worried about sth.) If you are not sure with these verbs, use a good dictionary. 1) have as a full verb affirmative sentence I am having a bath. he, she, it: negative sentence I am not having a bath. question Am I having a bath?

He is having a bath. we, you, they: We are having a bath.

He is not having a bath.

Is he having a bath?

We are not having a bath. Are we having a bath?

1) do as a full verb affirmative sentence I am doing an exercise. he, she, it: He is doing an exercise. we, you, they: We are doing an exercise. We are not doing an exercise. Are we doing an exercise? He is not doing an exercise. Is he doing an exercise? negative sentence I am not doing an exercise. question Am I doing an exercise?

We often use the short forms with these verbs.

Questions in the Present Progressive - Exercise Put in the verbs in the Present Progressive into the gaps.

Example: ___ he ______ the newspaper? (to read) Answer: Is he reading the newspaper?

1) ( 2) ( 3) ( 4) ( 5) ( 6) ( 7) ( 8) ( 9) ( 10) (

) Richard ( ) she (

) in the garden? (to work) ) a cup of tea? (to have) ) their homework? (to do)

) the children ( ) you ( ) the cat (

) the kitchen, Tom? (to clean) ) in the basket? (to sleep) ) friends? (to meet) ) sandwiches? (to make) ) water? (to drink) ) a pullover? (to wear) ) a pizza? (to eat)

) Cliff and Oliver ( ) your mother ( ) the birds ( ) Carmen ( ) they (

Questions in the Present Progressive - Exercise (Answer) Put in the verbs in the Present Progressive into the gaps.

Example: ___ he ______ the newspaper? (to read) Answer: Is he reading the newspaper?

1) Is Richard working in the garden? (to work) 2) Is she having a cup of tea? (to have) 3) Are the children doing their homework? (to do) 4) Are you cleaning the kitchen, Tom? (to clean) 5) Is the cat sleeping in the basket? (to sleep) 6) Are Cliff and Oliver meeting friends? (to meet) 7) Is your mother making sandwiches? (to make) 8) Are the birds drinking water? (to drink) 9) Is Carmen wearing a pullover? (to wear) 10) Are they eating a pizza? (to eat)

Present Progressive - Questions - Exercise (Answer) Put in the correct verb forms and the nouns into the gaps. Use Present Progressive.

Example: ___________ the newspaper? (he/to read) Answer: Is he reading the newspaper?

1) Is Lisa swimming in the lake? (Lisa/to swim) 2) Are you helping your brother? (you/to help) 3) Is he visiting a museum? (he/to visit) 4) Is Doris washing her T-shirt? (Doris/to wash) 5) Are they running home? (they/to run) 6) Is Henry listening to the radio? (Henry/to listen) 7) Are the boys carrying the buckets? (the boys/to carry) 8) Is she holding the string of the kite? (she/to hold) 9) Are we making breakfast? (we/to make) 10) Are Ron and Fred checking the computer? (Ron and Fred/to check)

Present Progressive (Exercise) Put in the correct verb forms and the nouns into the gaps. Use Present Progressive.

Example: ___________ the newspaper? (he/to read) Answer: Is he reading the newspaper?

1) ( 2) ( 3) ( 4) ( 5) ( 6) ( 7) ( 8) ( 9) ( 10) (

) in the lake? (Lisa/to swim) ) your brother? (you/to help) ) a museum? (he/to visit) ) her T-shirt? (Doris/to wash) ) home? (they/to run) ) to the radio? (Henry/to listen) ) the buckets? (the boys/to carry) ) the string of the kite? (she/to hold) ) breakfast? (we/to make) ) the computer? (Ron and Fred/to check)

Present Perfect - Use The Present Perfect is not easy to understand for ESL learners. It is a combination of past and present. An actions in the past has something to do with the present. 1) Result of an action in the past is important in the present (It is not important when this action happened. When we use a specific time in the past - e.g. yesterday - then we use the Simple Past.) I have cleaned my room. (It is clean now.) Has Peggy ever been to Tokyo? (Has Peggy been there or not?) 2) Recently completed actions He has just played handball. (It is over now.) 3) Actions beginning in the past and still continuing - mostly with since (point of time) or for (period of time) We have lived in Canada since 1986. (We still live there.) 4) together with lately, recently, yet I have been to London recently. (no specific point of time) He has not written the e-mail yet. (He has not done it.)

Present Perfect - Signal words These words tell you what tense you have to use. For the Present Perfect the following words are used frequently Just, yet, never, already, ever, so far, up to, now, recently, since, for

Form of the Present Perfect We form the Present Perfect with have and the past participle (regular verbs: infinitive + -ed; irregular verbs: 3rd column of the table of the irregular verbs) have/has + past participle has: 3rd person singular (he, she, it) have: all other forms past participle: - regular verbs: infinitive + -ed - irregular verbs: 3rd column of the table of the irregular verbs Affirmative sentences regular verbs irregular verbs

I/we/you/they have played football. I/we/you/they have gone to the supermarket. He/she/it has played football. He/she/it has gone to the supermarket.

NOTE: We use has in the 3rd person singular (he, she, it). Negative sentences regular verbs I/we/you/they have not played football. He/she/it has not played football. irregular verbs I/we/you/they have not gone to the supermarket. He/she/it has not gone to the supermarket.

NOTE: We use has in the 3rd person singular (he, she, it). Questions regular verbs irregular verbs

Have I/we/you/they playedfootball? Have I/we/you/they gone to the supermarket?

Has he/she/it played football?

Has he/she/it gone to the supermarket?

NOTE: We use has in the 3rd person singular (he, she, it). You have to know all forms of the irregular verbs very well. For the Present Perfect you need the form of the verb which can be found in the 3rd column of the table of the irregular verbs. go - went - gone Add -ed with regular verbs. regular verbs infinitive + -ed Sometimes the are exceptions in spelling when adding -ed. 1) consonant after a short, stressed vowel at the end of the word Double the consonant. stop stopped swap - swapped We do not double the consonant if it is not stressed: benefit - benefited (Here we stress the first 'e', not the 'i'.) In Britsh English we double one -l at the end of the word: travel - travelled 2) one -e at the end of the word Leave out the -e. Add -d. love loved save saved

3) verbs ending in -y verbs ending in 'y' preceded by a vowel (a, e, i, o, u):Add -ed. play - played Change 'y' to 'i' after a consonant. Then add -ed. worry - worried irregular verbs 3rd column of the table of the irregular verbs

Special verbs in the Present Perfect 1) have as a full verb affirmative sentence I, we, you, they: I have had a book. he, she, it: He has had a book. He has not had a book. Has he had a book? I have not had a book. Have I had a book? negative sentence question

2) be as a full verb affirmative sentence I, we, you, they: I have been to Britain. he, she, it: He has been to Britain. He has not been to Britain. Has he been to Britain? I have not been to Britain. Have I been to Britain? negative sentence question

3) do as a full verb

affirmative sentence I, we, you, they: I have done an exercise. he, she, it: He has done an exercise.

negative sentence

question

I have not done an exercise.

Have I done an exercise?

He has not done an exercise.

Has he done an exercise?

NOTE: We sometimes use short forms for have (has) with affirmative or negative sentences.

Present Perfect - Statements Exercise Put in the verbs in brackets into the gaps. Use Present Perfect.

Example: I _____________ my father's car. (to wash) Answer: I have washed my father's car.

1) Karen ( 2) Dave and Pat ( 3) I ( 4) They ( 5) Marcus ( 6) We ( 7) I just ( 8) Emily ( 9) Lisa and Colin ( 10) My friends (

) me an e-mail. (to send) ) the museum. (to visit) ) at the pet shop. (to be) ) already ( ) their rucksacks. (to pack)

) an accident. (to have) ) the shopping for our grandmother. (to do) ) my bike. (to clean) ) her room. (to paint) ) to a concert. (to go) ) smoking. (to give up)

Present Perfect - Statements Exercise (Answer) Put in the verbs in brackets into the gaps. Use Present Perfect.

Example: I _____________ my father's car. (to wash) Answer: I have washed my father's car.

1) Karen has sent me an e-mail. (to send) 2) Dave and Pat have visited the museum. (to visit) 3) I have been at the pet shop. (to be) 4) They have already packed their rucksacks. (to pack) 5) Marcus has had an accident. (to have) 6) We have done the shopping for our grandmother. (to do) 7) I have just cleaned my bike. (to clean) 8) Emily has painted her room. (to paint) 9) Lisa and Colin have gone to a concert. (to go) 10) My friends have given up smoking. (to give up)

Present Perfect Progressive Use

1) Actions beginning in the past and still continuing (focus is on the action) mostly with since (point of time) or for (period of time) I have been waiting for you for three hours. (It was a long time.) 2) Recently completed actions (focus is on the action) She has been watching too many videos. (It was too much time.)

Signal words

all day, the whole day, since, for Questions with how long Form

have/has + been + infinitive + -ing Examples

Affirmative sentences: I have been playing handball. I've been playing handball. Negative sentences: I have not been playing handball. I've not been playing handball. I haven't been playing handball. You have not been playing handball. You've not been playing handball. You haven't been playing handball. You have been playing handball. You've been playing handball.

Present Perfect Progressive/Continuous - Exercise Use the verbs in brackts in the Present Perfect Progressive in the sentences.

Example: She _______________ tennis for half an hour now. (to play) Answer: She has been playing tennis for half an hour now. or She's been playing tennis for half an hour now.

1) I ( 2) My parents ( 3) He ( 4) We ( 5) Max and Paul ( 6) They ( 7) Emily ( 8) It ( 9) You ( 10) Frank (

) this website since 1999. (to run) ) for years. (to smoke) ) for his girlfriend since 6 o'clock. (to wait) ) in Greece since last August. (to live) ) their bikes all day. (to ride) ) in the sun for hours. (to lie) ) on the computer for too long. (to work) ) since I came home. (to rain) ) to music since 12:30. (to listen) ) for the last 20 minutes. (to dream)

Present Perfect Progressive/Continuous Exercise (Answer) Use the verbs in brackts in the Present Perfect Progressive in the sentences.

Example: She _______________ tennis for half an hour now. (to play) Answer: She has been playing tennis for half an hour now. or She's been playing tennis for half an hour now.

1) I have been running this website since 1999. (to run) 2) My parents have been smoking for years. (to smoke) 3) He has been waiting for his girlfriend since 6 o'clock. (to wait) 4) We have been living in Greece since last August. (to live) 5) Max and Paul have been riding their bikes all day. (to ride) 6) They have been lying in the sun for hours. (to lie) 7) Emily has been working on the computer for too long. (to work) 8) It has been raining since I came home. (to rain) 9) You have been listening to music since 12:30. (to listen) 10) Frank has been dreaming for the last 20 minutes. (to dream)

Simple Past/Past Simple

Use 1) action finished in the past I visited Berlin last week. 2) series of completed actions in the past First I got up, then I had breakfast 3) together with the Past Progressive/Continuous - The Simple Past interrupted an action which was in progress in the past. They were playing cards when the telephone rang.

Signal words ( yesterday, last week, a month ago, in 2002 ) Form - with regular verbs: infinitive + -ed - with irregular verbs: 2nd column of the table of the irregular verbs Examples Affirmative sentences: regular verbs I played football. We visited Alaska last year. Negative sentences: irregular verbs I went to the cinema. We were in Rome yesterday.

You must not negate a full verb in English. Always use the auxiliary did (Simple Past of to do) for negations. I I He didn't didn't played play play football. football. football.

Questions: Use the auxiliary did (Simple Past of to do). Did you play football?

Positive statements in the Simple Past - Exercise Put the correct forms of the verbs into the gaps. Use the Simple Past in the statements.

Example: She ______ her mother in the kitchen. (to help) Answer: She helped her mother in the kitchen.

1) They ( 2) Last summer I ( 3) She ( 4) He ( 5) Our cat ( 6) In 2001 our class ( 7) The weather( 8) The secretary ( 9) Paul ( 10) The people (

) something to drink. (to order) ) to Stuttgart. (to go) ) her homework in the afternoon. (to do) ) to 10. (to count) ) a big mouse. (to catch) ) a trip to Norwich. (to make) ) really nice. (to be) ) the file yesterday. (to delete) ) nothing to me. (to say) ) something to each other. (to whisper)

Positive statements in the Simple Past - Exercise (Answer) Put the correct forms of the verbs into the gaps. Use the Simple Past in the statements.

Example: She ______ her mother in the kitchen. (to help) Answer: She helped her mother in the kitchen.

1) They ordered something to drink. (to order) 2) Last summer I went to Stuttgart. (to go) 3) She did her homework in the afternoon. (to do) 4) He counted to 10. (to count) 5) Our cat caught a big mouse. (to catch) 6) In 2001 our class made a trip to Norwich. (to make) 7) The weather was really nice. (to be) 8) The secretary deleted the file yesterday. (to delete) 9) Paul said nothing to me. (to say) 10) The people whispered something to each other. (to whisper)

Past Progressive - Use

1) actions were in progress at special time in the past Peter was reading a book yesterday evening. 2) two actions were happening at the same time (the actions do not influence each other) Anne was writing a letter while Steve was reading the New York Times. 3) together with the Simple Past While we were sitting at the breakfast table, the telephone rang. 4) repeated actions irritating the speaker (with always, constantly, forever) Andrew was always coming in late.

Past Progressive - Form to be (was, were) + infinitive + -ing

Past Progressive - Examples Affirmative sentences: I was playing football. Negative sentences: I was not playing football. You were not playing football. You were playing football.

I was't playing football. Questions: Was I playing football?

You weren't playing football.

Were you playing football?

Questions in the Past Progressive Write the correct verb form into the gap. Use the Past Progressive.

Example: ___ she ______ a book? (to read) Answer: Was she reading a book?

1) ( 2) ( 3) ( 4) ( 5) ( 6) ( 7) ( 8) ( 9) ( 10) (

) Ashley ( ) they ( ) Melissa ( ) you ( ) Nicolas (

) on the computer? (to work) ) the bike? (to repair) ) out a book? (to take) ) to music? (to listen) ) at a picture? (to look) ) her friend? (to phone)

) Emma and Bertha ( ) the girl ( ) he ( ) the friends ( ) Tyler (

) the window? (to open) ) judo? (to do) ) home from school?(to come) ) with the cooking? (to help)

Questions in the Past Progressive (Answer) Write the correct verb form into the gap. Use the Past Progressive.

Example: ___ she ______ a book? (to read) Answer: Was she reading a book?

1) Was Ashley working on the computer? (to work) 2) Were they repairing the bike? (to repair) 3) Was Melissa taking out a book? (to take) 4) Were you listening to music? (to listen) 5) Was Nicolas looking at a picture? (to look) 6) Were Emma and Bertha phoning her friend? (to phone) 7) Was the girl opening the window? (to open) 8) Was he doing judo? (to do) 9) Were the friends coming home from school?(to come) 10) Was Tyler helping with the cooking? (to help)

Past Perfect Diagram

We use the Past Perfect for an action which was completed before a special point of time in the past.

We often use the Past Perfect together with the Simple Past. The action which was completed before the other action began is put into Past Perfect.

Past Perfect Use 1) Together with the Simple Past When two past actions are combined - the first action, which was completed before the second one began, is put into Past Perfect. Mary had read the book before she watched a film. After Amy had gone home it started to rain. 2) the past equivalent of the Present Perfect He had played hockey. Present Perfect The bike is new. I've bought it. Past Perfect The bike was new. I had bought it.

Past Perfect - Simple Past

Simple Past - Simple Past

The match had started before he arrived. The match started when he arrived.

Past Perfect - Signal words There are no unambiguous "signal words" in the Past Perfect. We often use the Past Perfect together with the Simple Past. Watch out when two actions in the past are combined: first action (completed before the second one began): Past Perfect second action: Simple Past Form of the Past Perfect We form the Past Perfect with had and the past participle (regular verbs: infinitive + -ed; irregular verbs: 3rd column of the table of the irregular verbs) had + past participle We use the same form of the auxiliary had every time regardless the subject. past participle: - regular verbs: infinitive + -ed - irregular verbs: 3rd column of the table of the irregular verbs Affirmative sentences regular verbs irregular verbs

I/you/he/she/it/we/they had played hockey. I/you/he/she/it/we/they had gone home. Negative sentences regular verbs I/you/he/she/it/we/they had not played irregular verbs I/you/he/she/it/we/they had not gone

hockey. Questions regular verbs Had I/you/he/she/it/we/they played hockey? Special verbs in the Past Perfect 1) have as a full verb affirmative sentence

home.

irregular verbs Had I/you/he/she/it/we/they gone home?

negative sentence

question

alle forms (I, you, he, she, it, we, they): He had had a book. He had not had a book. Had he had a book?

2) be as a full verb affirmative sentence negative sentence question

all forms (I, you, he, she, it, we, they): He had been to Britain. He had not been to Britain. Had he been to Britain?

3) do as a full verb affirmative sentence negative sentence question

all forms (I, you, he, she, it, we, they): He had done an exercise. He had not done an exercise. Had he done an exercise?

Past Perfect - Exercise Put in the words in brackets into the gaps. Use the verbs in the Past Perfect steht.

Example: _____________________ the summary by the time it was due? (Gerry/to hand in) Answer: Had Gerry handed in the summary by the time it was due?

1) ( 2) ( 3) ( 4) What ( 5) ( 6) What ( 7) ( 8) ( 9) ( 10) (

) the instructions before they switched on the mobile phone? (they/to read) ) the new words before she texted her friend? (the girl/to learn) ) the office before they drove away? (they/to ring) ) before she turned on the TV? (Lucy/to do) ) the software before he switched off the computer? (Walter/to update) ) before she ran away? (she/to find) ) the onions before he hurried to the window? (Tim/to cut) ) here before? (you/to surf) ) to Lisa before she prepared dinner? (Peggy/to talk) ) London before you went there in 2008? (you/ever/to visit)

Past Perfect - Questions Exercise (Answer) Put in the words in brackets into the gaps. Use the verbs in the Past Perfect steht.

Example: _____________________ the summary by the time it was due? (Gerry/to hand in) Answer: Had Gerry handed in the summary by the time it was due?

1) ( Had they read ) the instructions before they switched on the mobile phone? (they/to read) 2) ( Had the girl learned ) the new words before she texted her friend? (the girl/to learn) 3) ( Had they rung ) the office before they drove away? (they/to ring) 4) What ( had Lucy done ) before she turned on the TV? (Lucy/to do) 5) ( Had Walter updated ) the software before he switched off the computer? (Walter/to update) 6) What ( had she found ) before she ran away? (she/to find) 7) ( Had Tim cut ) the onions before he hurried to the window? (Tim/to cut) 8) ( Had you surfed ) here before? (you/to surf) 9) ( Had Peggy talked ) to Lisa before she prepared dinner? (Peggy/to talk) 10) ( Had you ever visited ) London before you went there in 2008? (you/ever/to visit)

Past Perfect - Sentences Exercise Put in the verbs in brackets into the gaps and form sentences in the Past Perfect. Use contracted forms only when there are personal pronouns.

Example: Before Steven did his homework he _____________ at the library. (to study) Answer: Before Steven did his homework he had studied at the library.

1) She ( 2) After we (

) in Sweden before she went to Norway. (to live) ) the cornflakes, Henry came in. (to eat) ) him. (to phone)

3) Before Ken ran to Kerry's house, he ( 4) After they (

) their rucksacks, they rode away on their bikes. (to pack) ) him so. (to tell)

5) Gerry helped his grandma in the house because his father ( 6) The cat hid under the chair because the children ( 7) Before the students started to write, the teacher ( collect) 8) After Max ( ) his breakfast, he left the flat. (to finish)

) so loud. (to be) ) their mobile phones. (to

9) Laura repaired her glasses because her brother ( 10) By the time the show began, all friends (

) them. (to break)

) . (to arrive)

Past Perfect - Exercise (Answer) Put in the verbs in brackets into the gaps and form sentences in the Past Perfect. Use contracted forms only when there are personal pronouns.

Example: Before Steven did his homework he _____________ at the library. (to study) Answer: Before Steven did his homework he had studied at the library.

1) She ( had lived ) in Sweden before she went to Norway. (to live) 2) After we ( had eaten ) the cornflakes, Henry came in. (to eat) 3) Before Ken ran to Kerry's house, he ( had phoned ) him. (to phone) 4) After they ( had packed ) their rucksacks, they rode away on their bikes. (to pack) 5) Gerry helped his grandma in the house because his father ( had told ) him so. (to tell) 6) The cat hid under the chair because the children ( had been ) so loud. (to be) 7) Before the students started to write, the teacher ( had collected ) their mobile phones. (to collect) 8) After Max ( had finished ) his breakfast, he left the flat. (to finish) 9) Laura repaired her glasses because her brother ( had broken ) them. (to break) 10) By the time the show began, all friends ( had arrived ) . (to arrive)

Past Perfect Continuous

FORM [had been + present participle] Examples:

You had been waiting there for more than two hours when she finally arrived. Had you been waiting there for more than two hours when she finally arrived? You had not been waiting there for more than two hours when she finally arrived.

Complete List of Past Perfect Continuous Forms USE 1 Duration Before Something in the Past
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We use the Past Perfect Continuous to show that something started in the past and continued up until another time in the past. "For five minutes" and "for two weeks" are both durations which can be used with the Past Perfect Continuous. Notice that this is related to the Present Perfect Continuous; however, the duration does not continue until now, it stops before something else in the past. Examples:

They had been talking for over an hour before Tony arrived. How long had you been waiting to get on the bus? Mike wanted to sit down because he had been standing all day at work. James had been teaching at the university for more than a year before he left for Asia.

A: How long had you been studying Turkish before you moved to Ankara? B: I had not been studying Turkish very long.

USE 2 Cause of Something in the Past

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Using the Past Perfect Continuous before another action in the past is a good way to show cause and effect. Examples:

Jason was tired because he had been jogging. Sam gained weight because he had been overeating. Betty failed the final test because she had not been attending class.

Past Continuous vs. Past Perfect Continuous If you do not include a duration such as "for five minutes," "for two weeks" or "since Friday," many English speakers choose to use the Past Continuous rather than the Past Perfect Continuous. Be careful because this can change the meaning of the sentence. Past Continuous emphasizes interrupted actions, whereas Past Perfect Continuous emphasizes a duration of time before something in the past. Study the examples below to understand the difference. Examples:

He was tired because he was exercising so hard. THIS SENTENCE EMPHASIZES THAT HE WAS TIRED BECAUSE HE WAS EXERCISING AT
THAT EXACT MOMENT.

He was tired because he had been exercising so hard. THIS SENTENCE EMPHASIZES THAT HE WAS TIRED BECAUSE HE HAD BEEN
EXERCISING OVER A PERIOD OF TIME. IT IS POSSIBLE THAT HE WAS STILL EXERCISING AT THAT MOMENT OR THAT HE HAD JUST FINISHED.

REMEMBER Non-Continuous Verbs / Mixed Verbs It is important to remember that Non-Continuous Verbs cannot be used in any continuous tenses. Also, certain non-continuous meanings for Mixed Verbs cannot be used in continuous tenses. Instead of using Past Perfect Continuous with these verbs, you must use Past Perfect. Examples:

The motorcycle had been belonging to George for years before Tina bought it. Not Correct

The motorcycle had belonged to George for years before Tina bought it. Correct

ADVERB PLACEMENT The examples below show the placement for grammar adverbs such as: always, only, never, ever, still, just, etc. Examples:

You had only been waiting there for a few minutes when she arrived. Had you only been waiting there for a few minutes when she arrived?

ACTIVE / PASSIVE Examples:

Chef Jones had been preparing the restaurant's fantastic dinners for two years before he moved to Paris. ACTIVE

The restaurant's fantastic dinners had been being prepared by Chef Jones for two years before he moved to Paris. PASSIVE

NOTE: Passive forms of the Past Perfect Continuous are not common. http://www.englishpage.com/verbpage/pastperfectcontinuous.html

Exercise

Past Perfect Progressive Put the verbs into the correct form (past perfect progressive).

1.We (sleep) ( 2.They (wait) ( arrived. 3.We (look for) ( bathroom. 4.I (not / walk) ( 5.How long (learn / she) (

) for 12 hours when he woke us up. ) at the station for 90 minutes when the train finally

) her ring for two hours and then we found it in the

) for a long time, when it suddenly began to rain. ) English before she went to London? ) in the rain too long.

6.Frank Sinatra caught the flu because he (sing) ( 7.He (drive) (

) less than an hour when he ran out of petrol. ) on the

8.They were very tired in the evening because they (help) ( farm all day. 9.I (not / work) ( 10.They (cycle) (

) all day; so I wasn't tired and went to the disco at night. ) all day so their legs were sore in the evening.

Exercise (Answer)

Past Perfect Progressive Put the verbs into the correct form (past perfect progressive).

1.We (sleep) had been sleeping for 12 hours when he woke us up. 2.They (wait) had been waiting at the station for 90 minutes when the train finally arrived. 3.We (look for) had been looking for her ring for two hours and then we found it in the bathroom. 4.I (not / walk) had not been walking for a long time, when it suddenly began to rain. 5.How long (learn / she) had she been learning English before she went to London? 6.Frank Sinatra caught the flu because he (sing) had been singing in the rain too long. 7.He (drive) had been driving less than an hour when he ran out of petrol. 8.They were very tired in the evening because they (help) had been helping on the farm all day. 9.I (not / work) had not been working all day; so I wasn't tired and went to the disco at night. 10.They (cycle) had been cycling all day so their legs were sore in the evening.

Simple Future Tense

I will sing The simple future tense is often called will, because we make the simple future tense with the modal auxiliary will. How do we make the Simple Future Tense? The structure of the simple future tense is:

subject +

auxiliary verb WILL + invariable will

main verb base V1

For negative sentences in the simple future tense, we insert not between the auxiliary verb and main verb. For question sentences, we exchange the subject and auxiliary verb. Look at these example sentences with the simple future tense:

subject auxiliary verb + + ? ? I You She We Will Will will will will will you they

main verb open finish not be not leave arrive want the door. before me. at school tomorrow. yet. on time? dinner?

When we use the simple future tense in speaking, we often contract the subject and auxiliary verb:

I will you will he will she will it will we will they will

I'll you'll he'll she'll it'll we'll they'll

For negative sentences in the simple future tense, we contract with won't, like this:

I will not you will not he will not she will not it will not we will not they will not

I won't you won't he won't she won't it won't we won't they won't

How do we use the Simple Future Tense? No Plan We use the simple future tense when there is no plan or decision to do something before we speak. We make the decision spontaneously at the time of speaking. Look at these examples:

Hold on. I'll get a pen.

We will see what we can do to help you.

In these examples, we had no firm plan before speaking. The decision is made at the time of speaking. We often use the simple future tense with the verb to think before it:

I think I'll go to the gym tomorrow. I think I will have a holiday next year. I don't think I'll buy that car.

Prediction We often use the simple future tense to make a prediction about the future. Again, there is no firm plan. We are saying what we think will happen. Here are some examples:

It will rain tomorrow. People won't go to Jupiter before the 22nd century. Who do you think will get the job?

Be When the main verb is be, we can use the simple future tense even if we have a firm plan or decision before speaking. Examples:

I'll be in London tomorrow. I'm going shopping. I won't be very long. Will you be at work tomorrow?

http://www.englishclub.com/grammar/verb-tenses_future.htm

Future Continuous Future Continuous has two different forms: "will be doing " and "be going to be doing." Unlike Simple Future forms, Future Continuous forms are usually interchangeable. FORM Future Continuous with "Will" [will be + present participle] Examples:

You will be waiting for her when her plane arrives tonight. Will you be waiting for her when her plane arrives tonight? You will not be waiting for her when her plane arrives tonight.

FORM Future Continuous with "Be Going To " [am/is/are + going to be + present participle] Examples:

You are going to be waiting for her when her plane arrives tonight. Are you going to be waiting for her when her plane arrives tonight? You are not going to be waiting for her when her plane arrives tonight.

REMEMBER: It is possible to use either "will" or "be going to" to create the Future Continuous with little difference in meaning. Complete List of Future Continuous Forms USE 1 Interrupted Action in the Future

Use the Future Continuous to indicate that a longer action in the future will be interrupted by a shorter action in the future. Remember this can be a real interruption or just an interruption in time. Examples:

I will be watching TV when she arrives tonight. I will be waiting for you when your bus arrives. I am going to be staying at the Madison Hotel, if anything happens and you need to contact me.

He will be studying at the library tonight, so he will not see Jennifer when she arrives.

Notice in the examples above that the interruptions (marked in italics) are in Simple Present rather than Simple Future. This is because the interruptions are in time clauses, and you cannot use future tenses in time clauses. USE 2 Specific Time as an Interruption in the Future

In USE 1, described above, the Future Continuous is interrupted by a short action in the future. In addition to using short actions as interruptions, you can also use a specific time as an interruption. Examples:

Tonight at 6 PM, I am going to be eating dinner. I WILL BE IN THE PROCESS OF EATING DINNER.

At midnight tonight, we will still be driving through the desert. WE WILL BE IN THE PROCESS OF DRIVING THROUGH THE DESERT.

REMEMBER In the Simple Future, a specific time is used to show the time an action will begin or end. In the Future Continuous, a specific time interrupts the action. Examples:

Tonight at 6 PM, I am going to eat dinner. I AM GOING TO START EATING AT 6 PM.

Tonight at 6 PM, I am going to be eating dinner. I AM GOING TO START EARLIER AND I WILL BE IN THE PROCESS OF EATING DINNER AT 6 PM.

USE 3 Parallel Actions in the Future

When you use the Future Continuous with two actions in the same sentence, it expresses the idea that both actions will be happening at the same time. The actions are parallel. Examples:

I am going to be studying and he is going to be making dinner. Tonight, they will be eating dinner, discussing their plans, and having a good time.

While Ellen is reading, Tim will be watching television. NOTICE "IS READING" BECAUSE OF THE TIME CLAUSE CONTAINING "WHILE." (SEE EXPLANATION BELOW)

USE 4 Atmosphere in the Future In English, we often use a series of Parallel Actions to describe atmosphere at a specific point in the future.

Example:

When I arrive at the party, everybody is going to be celebrating. Some will be dancing. Others are going to be talking. A few people will be eating pizza, and several people are going to be drinking beer. They always do the same thing.

REMEMBER No Future in Time Clauses Like all future tenses, the Future Continuous cannot be used in clauses beginning with time expressions such as: when, while, before, after, by the time, as soon as, if, unless, etc. Instead of Future Continuous, Present Continuous is used. Examples:

While I am going to be finishing my homework, she is going to make dinner. Not Correct

While I am finishing my homework, she is going to make dinner. Correct

AND REMEMBER Non-Continuous Verbs / Mixed Verbs It is important to remember that Non-Continuous Verbs cannot be used in any continuous tenses. Also, certain non-continuous meanings for Mixed Verbs cannot be used in continuous tenses. Instead of using Future Continuous with these verbs, you must use Simple Future. Examples:

Jane will be being at my house when you arrive. Not Correct Jane will be at my house when you arrive. Correct

ADVERB PLACEMENT The examples below show the placement for grammar adverbs such as: always, only, never, ever, still, just, etc.

Examples:

You will still be waiting for her when her plane arrives. Will you still be waiting for her when her plane arrives? You are still going to be waiting for her when her plane arrives. Are you still going to be waiting for her when her plane arrives?

ACTIVE / PASSIVE Examples:

At 8:00 PM tonight, John will be washing the dishes. ACTIVE At 8:00 PM tonight, the dishes will be being washed by John. PASSIVE At 8:00 PM tonight, John is going to be washing the dishes. ACTIVE At 8:00 PM tonight, the dishes are going to be being washed by John. PASSIVE

NOTE: Passive forms of the Future Continuous are not common.

Simple Future / Future Continuous (Exercise) Using the words in parentheses, complete the text below with the appropriate tenses.

1. Sandra: Where is Tim going to meet us? Marcus: He (wait) ( ( ) for us when our train arrives. I am sure he (stand)

) on the platform when we pull into the station.

Sandra: And then what? Marcus: We (pick) ( ) Michele up at work and go out to dinner.

2. Ted: When we get to the party, Jerry (watch) ( ( (complain) ( ) drinks, Beth (dance) ( ) about his day at work. ) TV, Sam (make) ) by herself, and Thad

Robin: Maybe, this time they won't be doing the same things. Ted: I am absolutely positive they (do) ( the same things. ) the same things; they always do

3. Florence: Oh, look at that mountain of dirty dishes! Who (wash) ( those? Jack: I promise I (do) ( Florence: Thanks. ) them when I get home from work. ) all of

Jack: When you get home this evening, that mountain will be gone and nice stacks of sparkling clean dishes (sit) ( 4. Doug: If you need to contact me next week, I (stay) ( Nancy: I (call) ( ) you if there are any problems. ) at the Hoffman Hotel. ) in the cabinets.

Doug: This is the first time I have ever been away from the kids. Nancy: Don't worry, they (be) ( ) be fine.

5. Samantha: Just think, next week at this time, I (lie) ( Maui drinking Mai Tais and eating pineapple. Darren: While you are luxuriating on the beach, I (stress) ( ) out over ) on a tropical beach in

this marketing project. How are you going to enjoy yourself knowing that I am working so hard? Samantha: I 'll manage somehow. Darren: You're terrible. Can't you take me with you? Samantha: No. But I (send) ( beach. Darren: Great, that (make) ( ) me feel much better. ) you a postcard of a beautiful, white sand

Simple Future / Future Continuous (Answer) Using the words in parentheses, complete the text below with the appropriate tenses.

1. Sandra: Where is Tim going to meet us? Marcus: He (wait) will be waiting for us when our train arrives. I am sure he (stand) will be standing on the platform when we pull into the station. Sandra: And then what? Marcus: We (pick) are going to pick Michele up at work and go out to dinner.

2. Ted: When we get to the party, Jerry (watch) is going to be watching TV, Sam (make) is going to be making drinks, Beth (dance) is going to be dancing by herself, and Thad (complain) is going to be complaining about his day at work. Robin: Maybe, this time they won't be doing the same things. Ted: I am absolutely positive they (do) are going to be doing the same things; they always do the same things.

3. Florence: Oh, look at that mountain of dirty dishes! Who (wash) is going to wash all of those? Jack: I promise I (do) will do them when I get home from work. Florence: Thanks.

Jack: When you get home this evening, that mountain will be gone and nice stacks of sparkling clean dishes (sit) will be sitting in the cabinets.

4. Doug: If you need to contact me next week, I (stay) will be staying at the Hoffman Hotel. Nancy: I (call) will call you if there are any problems. Doug: This is the first time I have ever been away from the kids. Nancy: Don't worry, they (be) will be be fine.

5. Samantha: Just think, next week at this time, I (lie) will be lying on a tropical beach in Maui drinking Mai Tais and eating pineapple. Darren: While you are luxuriating on the beach, I (stress) will be stressing out over this marketing project. How are you going to enjoy yourself knowing that I am working so hard? Samantha: I 'll manage somehow. Darren: You're terrible. Can't you take me with you? Samantha: No. But I (send) will send you a postcard of a beautiful, white sand beach. Darren: Great, that (make) will make me feel much better.

Future Perfect Future Perfect has two different forms: "will have done" and "be going to have done." Unlike Simple Future forms, Future Perfect forms are usually interchangeable. FORM Future Perfect with "Will" [will have + past participle] Examples:

You will have perfected your English by the time you come back from the U.S.

Will you have perfected your English by the time you come back from the U.S.?

You will not have perfected your English by the time you come back from the U.S.

FORM Future Perfect with "Be Going To" [am/is/are + going to have + past participle] Examples:

You are going to have perfected your English by the time you come back from the U.S.

Are you going to have perfected your English by the time you come back from the U.S.?

You are not going to have perfected your English by the time you come back from the U.S.

NOTE: It is possible to use either "will" or "be going to" to create the Future Perfect with little or no difference in meaning. Complete List of Future Perfect Forms

USE 1 Completed Action Before Something in the Future

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The Future Perfect expresses the idea that something will occur before another action in the future. It can also show that something will happen before a specific time in the future. Examples:

By next November, I will have received my promotion. By the time he gets home, she is going to have cleaned the entire house. I am not going to have finished this test by 3 o'clock. Will she have learned enough Chinese to communicate before she moves to Beijing?

Sam is probably going to have completed the proposal by the time he leaves this afternoon.

By the time I finish this course, I will have taken ten tests. How many countries are you going to have visited by the time you turn 50?

Notice in the examples above that the reference points (marked in italics) are in Simple Present rather than Simple Future. This is because the interruptions are in time clauses, and you cannot use future tenses in time clauses. USE 2 Duration Before Something in the Future (Non-Continuous Verbs)

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With Non-Continuous Verbs and some non-continuous uses of Mixed Verbs, we use the Future Perfect to show that something will continue up until another action in the future.

Examples:

I will have been in London for six months by the time I leave. By Monday, Susan is going to have had my book for a week.

Although the above use of Future Perfect is normally limited to Non-Continuous Verbs and non-continuous uses of Mixed Verbs, the words "live," "work," "teach," and "study" are sometimes used in this way even though they are NOT NonContinuous Verbs. REMEMBER No Future in Time Clauses Like all future forms, the Future Perfect cannot be used in clauses beginning with time expressions such as: when, while, before, after, by the time, as soon as, if, unless, etc. Instead of Future Perfect, Present Perfect is used. Examples:

I am going to see a movie when I will have finished my homework. Not Correct

I am going to see a movie when I have finished my homework. Correct

ADVERB PLACEMENT The examples below show the placement for grammar adverbs such as: always, only, never, ever, still, just, etc. Examples:

You will only have learned a few words. Will you only have learned a few words? You are only going to have learned a few words. Are you only going to have learned a few words?

ACTIVE / PASSIVE Examples:

They will have completed the project before the deadline. ACTIVE The project will have been completed before the deadline. PASSIVE They are going to have completed the project before the deadline. ACTIVE The project is going to have been completed before the deadline. PASSIVE

Future Perfect Continuous Future Perfect Continuous has two different forms: "will have been doing " and "be going to have been doing." Unlike Simple Future forms, Future Perfect Continuous forms are usually interchangeable. FORM Future Perfect Continuous with "Will" [will have been + present participle] Examples:

You will have been waiting for more than two hours when her plane finally arrives.

Will you have been waiting for more than two hours when her plane finally arrives?

You will not have been waiting for more than two hours when her plane finally arrives.

FORM Future Perfect Continuous with "Be Going To" [am/is/are + going to have been + present participle] Examples:

You are going to have been waiting for more than two hours when her plane finally arrives.

Are you going to have been waiting for more than two hours when her plane finally arrives?

You are not going to have been waiting for more than two hours when her plane finally arrives.

NOTE: It is possible to use either "will" or "be going to" to create the Future Perfect Continuous with little or no difference in meaning. Complete List of Future Perfect Continuous Forms

USE 1 Duration Before Something in the Future

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We use the Future Perfect Continuous to show that something will continue up until a particular event or time in the future. "For five minutes," "for two weeks," and "since Friday" are all durations which can be used with the Future Perfect Continuous. Notice that this is related to the Present Perfect Continuous and the Past Perfect Continuous; however, with Future Perfect Continuous, the duration stops at or before a reference point in the future. Examples:

They will have been talking for over an hour by the time Thomas arrives. She is going to have been working at that company for three years when it finally closes.

James will have been teaching at the university for more than a year by the time he leaves for Asia.

How long will you have been studying when you graduate? We are going to have been driving for over three days straight when we get to Anchorage.

A: When you finish your English course, will you have been living in New Zealand for over a year? B: No, I will not have been living here that long.

Notice in the examples above that the reference points (marked in italics) are in Simple Present rather than Simple Future. This is because these future events are in time clauses, and you cannot use future tenses in time clauses. USE 2 Cause of Something in the Future

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Using the Future Perfect Continuous before another action in the future is a good way to show cause and effect. Examples:

Jason will be tired when he gets home because he will have been jogging for over an hour.

Claudia's English will be perfect when she returns to Germany because she is going to have been studying English in the United States for over two years.

Future Continuous vs. Future Perfect Continuous If you do not include a duration such as "for five minutes," "for two weeks" or "since Friday," many English speakers choose to use the Future Continuous rather than the Future Perfect Continuous. Be careful because this can change the meaning of the sentence. Future Continuous emphasizes interrupted actions, whereas Future Perfect Continuous emphasizes a duration of time before something in the future. Study the examples below to understand the difference. Examples:

He will be tired because he will be exercising so hard. THIS SENTENCE EMPHASIZES THAT HE WILL BE TIRED BECAUSE HE WILL BE
EXERCISING AT THAT EXACT MOMENT IN THE FUTURE.

He will be tired because he will have been exercising so hard. THIS SENTENCE EMPHASIZES THAT HE WILL BE TIRED BECAUSE HE WILL HAVE BEEN
EXERCISING FOR A PERIOD OF TIME. IT IS POSSIBLE THAT HE WILL STILL BE EXERCISING AT THAT MOMENT OR THAT HE WILL JUST HAVE FINISHED.

REMEMBER No Future in Time Clauses Like all future forms, the Future Perfect Continuous cannot be used in clauses beginning with time expressions such as: when, while, before, after, by the time, as soon as, if, unless, etc. Instead of Future Perfect Continuous, Present Perfect Continuous is used.

Examples:

You won't get a promotion until you will have been working here as long as Tim. Not Correct

You won't get a promotion until you have been working here as long as Tim. Correct

AND REMEMBER Non-Continuous Verbs / Mixed Verbs It is important to remember that Non-Continuous Verbs cannot be used in any continuous tenses. Also, certain non-continuous meanings for Mixed Verbs cannot be used in continuous tenses. Instead of using Future Perfect Continuous with these verbs, you must use Future Perfect . Examples:

Ned will have been having his driver's license for over two years. Not Correct

Ned will have had his driver's license for over two years. Correct

ADVERB PLACEMENT The examples below show the placement for grammar adverbs such as: always, only, never, ever, still, just, etc. Examples:

You will only have been waiting for a few minutes when her plane arrives. Will you only have been waiting for a few minutes when her plane arrives? You are only going to have been waiting for a few minutes when her plane arrives.

Are you only going to have been waiting for a few minutes when her plane arrives?

ACTIVE / PASSIVE Examples:

The famous artist will have been painting the mural for over six months by the time it is finished. ACTIVE

The mural will have been being painted by the famous artist for over six months by the time it is finished. PASSIVE

The famous artist is going to have been painting the mural for over six months by the time it is finished. ACTIVE

The mural is going to have been being painted by the famous artist for over six months by the time it is finished. PASSIVE

NOTE: Passive forms of the Future Perfect Continuous are not common

Future Perfect / Future Perfect Continuous (Exercise) Using the words in parentheses, complete the text below with the appropriate tenses.

1. By the time we get to Chicago this evening, we (drive) ( than four hundred miles. We are going to be exhausted. 2. When Sarah goes on vacation next month, she (study) (

) more

German for over two years. She should be able to communicate fairly well while she is in Austria. 3. I have not traveled much yet; however, I (visit) ( Canyon and San Francisco by the time I leave the United States. 4. By the time you finish studying the verb tense tutorial, you (master) ( ) all twelve tenses including their passive forms. ) the baby by ) the Grand

5. Drive faster! If you don't hurry up, she (have) ( the time we get to the hospital.

6. I came to England six months ago. I started my economics course three months ago. When I return to Australia, I (study) ( ( ) in England for exactly one year. ) for nine months and I (be)

7. Margie just called and said she would be here at 8 o'clock. By the time she gets here, we (wait) ( ) for her for two hours. )

8. Frank just changed jobs again. If he keeps this up, he (change) ( jobs at least four or five times by the end of the year. 9. Come over to my house around 9 o'clock. By then, I (complete) ( history essay and we can go see a movie. 10. In June, my grandmother and grandfather (be) ( years.

) my

) married for fifty

Future Perfect / Future Perfect Continuous (Answer) Using the words in parentheses, complete the text below with the appropriate tenses.

1. By the time we get to Chicago this evening, we (drive) will have driven more than four hundred miles. We are going to be exhausted. 2. When Sarah goes on vacation next month, she (study) will have been studying German for over two years. She should be able to communicate fairly well while she is in Austria. 3. I have not traveled much yet; however, I (visit) will have visited the Grand Canyon and San Francisco by the time I leave the United States. 4. By the time you finish studying the verb tense tutorial, you (master) will have mastered all twelve tenses including their passive forms. 5. Drive faster! If you don't hurry up, she (have) will have had the baby by the time we get to the hospital. 6. I came to England six months ago. I started my economics course three months ago. When I return to Australia, I (study) will have been studying for nine months and I (be) will have been in England for exactly one year. 7. Margie just called and said she would be here at 8 o'clock. By the time she gets here, we (wait) will have been waiting for her for two hours. 8. Frank just changed jobs again. If he keeps this up, he (change) will have changed jobs at least four or five times by the end of the year. 9. Come over to my house around 9 o'clock. By then, I (complete) will have completed my history essay and we can go see a movie. 10. In June, my grandmother and grandfather (be) will have been married for fifty years.