Urinary system

Questions 1 - 24 For each of the following multiple choice questions select the one most appropriate answer: 1. The anterior surface of the right kidney is related with the following organs, except:
A. Right colic flexure B. Descending duodenum C. Liver

D.

esentery

E. !mall intestine

". #ccupies an anterior position in the renal pedicle:

1 2 3 4 5

Renal pelvis Renal vein Renal artery Renal lymfatics Renal nerves

$. The anterior surface of the left kidney is related with the following organs, except:
6 !pleen 7 Transverse mesocolon 8 Left colic flexure 9 !tomach 10 %ori&ontal duodenum

'. The nephrone consists of the following segments, except:

11 (ollecting tu)ule 12 *roximal convoluted tu)ule 13 Renal loop of %enle 14 Distal convoluted tu)e 15 Renal glomerulus

+. The renal pyramids have the following features, except:

16 ,re situated in the renal medulla 17 The apices pro-ect into the renal sinus 18 Represent the renal lo)ules 19 Display the collecting ducts

20 ,re separated )y the renal columns

.. The renal fascia has the following features, except:

21 ,ttaches on the nferior surface of the diaphragm 22 /ts anterior layer fuses with the peritoneum 23 /s related posteriorly with the pararenal fatty tissue 24 0ncloses the perirenal fatty tissue 25 /ts layers fuse inferiorly supporting the kidney

1. The medial )order of the left kidney is related with the folowing structures, except:
26 /nferior vena cava 27 ,orta 28 ,scending duodenum 29 Left ureter 30 Left suprarenal gland

2. The renal artery gives off the following )ranches, except:

31 !uperior polar 32 iddle suprarenal 33 !uperior ureteral 34 *osterior segental 35 /nferior polar

3. The left renal vein has the follwing features, except:

36 /s longer than the right renal vein 37 /s situated posterior to the pancreas 38 Runs )ehind the aorta 39 Receives the left ovarian vein 40 Runs )etween aorta and superior mesenteric artery

14 The a)dominal part of the right ureter is related anteriorly with the folowing structures, except:
41 /leocolic artery 42 Right gonadal vessels

43!mall intestine
44 ,ppendix 45 *eritoneum

11. ,re related with the posterior surface of the kidneys, except:
46 The 14th ri)

47 The 11th ri) 48 The 1"th ri) 49 5ase of the lung 50 Diaphragmatic pleura

1" The renal sinus has the following features, except:

51 (an )e approached through the hilum 52 /ts wall is indented )y renal papillae 53 (ontains the whole renal pelvis 54 /s lined )y the renal capsule 55 (ontains minor and ma-or calices

1$. The a)dominal part of the right ureter has the folowing features, except:
56 /s crossed anteriorly )y the gonadal vessels 57 Limits posteriorly the ovarian fossa 58 /s crossed )y the root of mesentery 59 Descends posterior to the peritoneum 60 /s situated laterally to the inferior vena cava

1'. The pelvic part of the ureter, in male, crosses the following structures, except:
61 6m)ilical artery 62 #)turator artery 63 /nferior vesical artery 64 Deferent duct 65 0xternal iliac artery

1+. The pelvic part of the ureter limits the ovarian fossa:
66 !uperiorly 67 ,nteriorly 68 /nferiorly 69 *osteriorly 70 edially

1.. /n the )ase of the )road ligament the ureter is crossed anteriorly )y:
71 Deep uterine veins 72 7aginal artery 73 6terine artery

74(ervicovaginal arteries
75 7aginal veins

11. The last segment of the pelvic part of the ureter in male is related with the following structures, except:

76 !eminal vesicles 77 0-aculatory ducts 78 6rinary )ladder 79 Rectum 80 Defferent duct

12. ,re situated posteriorly to the urinary )ldder, in male, except:

81 *rostate 82 Rectum 83 Rectovesical fascia 84 !eminal vesicles 85 Defferent ducts

13. /s situated anteriorly to the urinary )ladder:

86 6rachus 87 6m)ilical artery 88 *)ic symphisis 89 *eritoneum 90 *revesical 8supravesical9 recess

"4. 7esical mucosa:

91 /s adherent on the muscular layer )elow 92 %as a nonkeratini&ed stratified s:uamous epithelium 93 %as the same aspect throughout its all surface 94 %as an interureteric crest 95 /s supplied )y the internal pudendal nerve

"1. The vesical peritoneum:

96 (overs the whole urinary )ladder 97 (overs only the posterosuperior surface 98 (overs the anterior surface 99 ;orms, in female, the rectovesical pouch 100 Descends towards the vesical neck

"". The female urethra:

101 102 103 104 105

/s related posteriorly to the rectum Runs postero<inferiorly )ehind the symphisis pu)is /s surrounded )y smooth muscle /s related anteriorly to the perineal )ody #pens in the vesti)ule

"$. ,re situated on the posterior wall of the prostatic urethra, except:
106 107 108 109 110

(olliculus seminalis #penings of the e-aculatory ducts #pening of the prostatic utricle #rifices of prostatic acini #penings of )ul)o<urethral glands

"'. The shape of the urethral meatus, in male, is:

111 112 113 114 115

#val, with the great axis transversely =T> letter 5ounded on each side )y a small la)ium Reversed =T> letter !tellate

Questions 25 - 45 In the following series of questions, one or more items is are correct! "nswer: " if 1,2 an# $ are correct % if 1 an# $ are correct & if 2 an# 4 are correct ' !if only 4 is correct ( if all four are correct "+. /s 8are9 situated posteriorly to the kidney: 116 /lioinguinal nerve 117 /liohypogastric nerve 118 !u)costal nerve 119 ?uadratus lum)orum ".. The lateral )order of the kidney is related to: 120 Descending duodenum 121 ,scending colon 122 ,scending duodenum 123 Descending colon "1. ,re situated medially to the kidneys: 124 /nferior vena cava 125 Liver 126 ,orta 127 !tomach "2. The inferior pole of the kidney stays on: 128 Renal fascia 129 *ararenal fatty tissue

130 131

7erte)ral column *soas muscle

"3. The kidneys are situated )etween plans passing through: 132 T1" 133 T11 134 L' 135 L$ $4. The renal cortex displays: 136 @ellowish color 137 Renal columns 138 Renal corpuscles 139 edullary rays $1.:
140 141 142 143

,ortic arch #esophagus Left su)clavian artery %emia&ygos vein

$". The right renal artery: 144 /s longer than the left one 145 Runs )ehind the inferior vena cava 146 Runs )ehind the right renal vein 147 Aives five segmental )ranches $$. The renal capsule: 148 5ecomes adherent to the kidney conse:uently to renal diseases 149 /s a smooth muscular structure 150 (an )e easily removed 151 /s adherent to the renal fascia $'. /s directly related with the superior renal pole: 152 Diaphragm 153 *soas muscle 154 ?uadratus lum)orum 155 !uprarenal gland $+. The left ureter is related anteriorly with: 156 !igmoid mesentery 157 !igmoid arteries 158 Left colic vessels 159 (ommon iliac artery $.. /s medialy situated to the pelvic ureter: 160 %ypogastric artery

161 162 163

6terine artery #)turator internus muscle Rectum

$1. /n femal, the pelvic part of the ureter: 164 ;orms the superior )oundary of the ovarian fossa 165 /s related with the vaginal fornices 166 /s crossed posteriorly )y the uterine artery 167 %as a part in the )ase of the )road ligament $2. /s 8are9 related to the )ase of the urinary )ladder: 168 *rostate 169 Rectum 170 !eminal vesicles 171 Defferent duct $3. The urinary )ladder: 172 %as the )ase completely coverd )y peritoneum 173 Bhen empty the trigonal mucosa has folds 174 /s lined )y columnar epithelium 175 The interureteric ridge '4. The spongiose part of the urethra: 176 *ierces superiorly the )ul) of the penis 177 /s dilated at its comencement as the intra)ul)ar fossa 178 Receives the )ul)o<urethral glands 179 /s surrounded )y the internal urethral sphincter '1. ediastinal aspect of the left lung is related a)ove the hilum to: 180 5rachiocephalic artery 181 ,ortic arch 182 !uperior vena cava 183 Thymus

'". The apex of the lung: 184 /s $<' cm a)ove the first costal cartilage 185 /s in the root of the neck 186 /s ",+ cm a)ove the medial 1C$ of the clavicle 187 /s covered )y pleural dome '$. ,pex of the lung is related anteriorly with: 188 !calenus anterior 189 7entral ramus of T1 190 !u)clavian artery 191 !uperior vena cava ''. ,pex of the lung is related posteriorly with:

192 193 194 195

!tellate ganglion !uperior intercostal artery 7erte)ral artery 5rachiocephalic artery

'+. 5ase of the left lung is related with: 196 Left lo)e of the liver 197 !pleen 198 !tomach 199 Diaphragm Questions 4) - *+ ,he group of questios -elow consists of num-ere# hea#ings followe# -y a list of lettere# wor#s or phrases! For each hea#ing select the one wor# or phrase which is most closely relate# to it! 6rinary )lader: 200 !uperior surface 201 5ase 202 /nferolateral surfaces 203 Deck 204 Trigone 210 *enile urethra 211 6rethral meatus 212 em)ranous urethra 213 *rostatic urethra 214 /nternal urethral sphincter
205 206 207 208 209 215 216 217 218 219

,nterior vaginal wall Dot covered )y peritoneum (ompletely covered )y peritoneum /nternal urethral and ureteric orifices /nternal vesical sphincter

Davicular fossa (oncave in cross section 6rethral papilla #rigin of urethra Transversus perinei 8urogenital diaphragm9

profundus

,nterior papillary muscle !upraventricular crest #utflow of the right ventricle oderator )and *osterior papillary muscle Questions *1 - 1++ ,he list of num-ere# wor#s or phrases -elow is followe# -y a set of lettere# hea#ings! For each num-ere# wor# or phrase select the correct answer un#er: " if the item is associate# with a only % if the item is associate# with - only & if the item is associate# with -oth a an# ' if the answer is associate# neither with a nor with 220 221 222 223 224

Right ventricle 225 5ase 226 !eptal wall 227 ,nterior wall 228 *osterior wall 229 ,pex

230 231 232 233 236 237 238 239

Root of mesentery (ommon iliac artery ,la of the sacrum *eritoneum %ypogastric artery 5road ligament Aenitovesical artery Round ligament

234 235

Left ureter Right ureter

240 241

*elvic part of male ureter *elvic part of female ureter

242 243 244 245

Renal corpuscle Renal papilla edullary rays (ollecting ducts

a9 (ortex )9 edulla