GATEWAY COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE AND DESIGN, SONIPAT

TEACHING PROGRAMME
BUILDING CONSTRUCTION & MATERIALS - II
SESSION 2008-09
AR 104-A
Periods/week: 6
Sessional Marks: 100
Portfolio Exam Marks: 50
INTENT:
Construction is the basis of architecture and without knowing and understanding the basics of construction and
materials and their limitations, it is not possible to learn the practicalities of Architecture. The intention of the course
is to familiarize the students with the various aspects of building construction with the basic material as wood. The
students are already acquainted with the basics of brick work dealt in the I semester and moving onto the next step in
building construction will be dealing with timber as a building material and its properties in detail so that at the end
of the semester the students are knowledgeable of the knowhow of woodwork in buildings and are able to design
features / compositions in the same.

CONTENT:
The syllabus would include detailed studies of wood as a material in construction; the numerous ways in which
wood is used in the buildings; various tools incorporated in the process and the different modes in which the wood is
used in the form of doors, windows, ventilators, moldings and staircases. Along with timber, substitute wood
products will also be studied.

CONDUCTANCE:
The work would be conducted in the studio with site visits in some of the classes as per the schedule. The class
would start with a lecture which will be followed by a discussion on the same and then concluded with the sketches
and/or drawings of the related work as per detailed out in each lecture.

Week 1
Introduction to wood as a building material; its importance and need. Basic information about the wood
construction, various carpentry tools and their usage.
# Make 6 groups of 3 students each who would be carrying on the assigned group works through the semester.
Ex: Sketch the various carpentry tools with a small write up about their usage along with the sketches.
Home Assign: Collect 5 images of woodwork from the vicinity and mark the differences in use of wood work.

Week 2
Timber as a building material. Explanation of all the terms related to wood work in detail and other related
information; Timber: as a building material, Structure of a tree, Classifications of tree, Properties of timber, Defects
in timber, Methods of cutting, Seasoning and its types.
Ex: Prepare a write up on Timber construction with sketches and adequate images.
Home Assign: Collect samples of different types of wood. Their availability, usage, properties and market prices
and represent in a presentable format.

Week 3
Plywood and boards: types and qualities. By products of timber: Plywood, Block board, Particle board, Prelaminated board, manufacturing process of the by-products and their applications in Architecture.
Ex: Collect different types of plywood and board samples and note down their usage and properties. Present the
collected material along with the information collected.

Week 4
Introduction to carpentry
Joining of various wooden members: nails, screws, bolts, iron straps, connectors, etc.

Technical terms used in carpentry joints: chamfering, planning, rebating, housing, scribing, seasoning, mitring,
milled, bead, batten, studding, veneering.
Classification of joints, lengthening, spliced, angle on corner joints, oblique shouldered joint, widening or side
joints- tenon and mortice joint, dowelled joint and other joinery joints.

Week 5
Introduction to Door and its functional requirements
Types of doors: materials and functions, door frame, fixing details of members, fixing of frame with wall and floor;
ledged, braced and battened door: - introduction, construction details with hardware
1.Flush Door: Introduction, uses; as per functional requirements and material used, Types: - solid core, hollow core,
cellular core, design constraints, choice of material.
Ex: Draw plans, elevations, sections and all other related details of the same.

Week 6
Types of doors: 2.Panelled door;
Introduction, characteristics, types; single, double, etc., treatment of framing of door- partly glazed door
Ex: Draw plans, elevations, sections and all other related details of the same.

Week 7
Types of windows: Introduction, importance, uses as per functional requirements, types as per use of material and
location, side hung, top hung, bottom hung, pivoted, vertical, horizontal, sliding etc. Fixing detail of window frame
with additional sill members, details of prevention of penetration of rain
Ventilator and Fanlight: need for ventilation, types of ventilators: top hung, bottom hung, side hung; openable or
fixed
Ex: Draw plans, elevations, sections and all other related details of the same.

Week 8
Construction details of casement windows, various members of casement: rail, stile, glazing bar, bead, etc.,
hardware used in window: handle, stays, hinges, bolts, etc., fixing of M.S. grill to the frame by making a groove
Ex: Draw plans, elevations, sections and all other related details of any one type of window.
Home Assign: Collect samples of different types of moldings (a minimum of 6 samples). Their types (of wood),
usage and market prices and represent in a presentable format.

Week 9
Moldings: Function and characteristics of various types of mouldings, construction details of different types like
square, struck, planted, carved, sunk flush etc.
Ex: Draw plans, elevations, sections and all other related details of the moldings collected by you as a group.

Week 10
Different type of staircases: definition of staircase, location, technical terms used, requirements of a good staircase,
design of a staircase, clarification of staircase: straight, dog legged, open, geometric, circular, bifurcated; materials
used in staircase.
Ex: Draw plans, elevations, sections and all other related details of the same.

Week 11
Type of staircases: Straight flight.
Ex: Draw plans, elevations, sections and all other related details of the same.

Week 12
Type of staircases: Dog legged or any other type.
Ex: Draw plans, elevations, sections and all other related details of the same.

Week 13
Sliding wooden door
Ex: Draw plans, elevations, sections and all other related details of the same.

Week 14
Folding wooden door
Ex: Draw plans, elevations, sections and all other related details of the same.

Week 15
Substitute wood products.
Ex: Write a paper on the same and collect samples of the various substitutes of wood.

Week 16
Design a simple house / hut in wood and show the construction details of various parts as studied in the semester.
Ex: Draw plans, elevations, sections and all other related details of the same.