Simple Machines

Work
Simple machines are devices that do work. Work is the transfer of energy from one system to another Mechanical work is the product of the magnitude of force in the direction of displacement and the distance through which a body moves

Displacement

Work
Work indicates that a force is exerted and is moving something Simple machines make work easier

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Microsoft Office Clipart

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Simple Machines
There are basically six simple machines. All others are combinations of these six.
Wheel and axle Pulley Lever Inclined plane Wedge Screw

Wheel and Axle

Two connected circular objects of different diameters
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Special Wheel and Axle

Gear
Wheel with teeth Teeth of one gear push against teeth of another gear

Microsoft Office Clipart

Microsoft Office Clipart

Microsoft Office Clipart

Microsoft Office Clipart

Microsoft Office Clipart

Pulley
A wheel (and axle) with a rope running over it

Microsoft Office Clipart

Microsoft Office Clipart

Microsoft Office Clipart

Microsoft Office Clipart

Microsoft Office Clipart

Pulley
A pulley can change the direction of force Multiple pulleys in combination can reduce the effort force to move an object
80 lb 10 lb 10 lb

10 lb

10 lb

Lever
A bar that is free to pivot around a fixed point

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Microsoft Office Clipart

Microsoft Office Clipart

Lever
Three components
Resistance Force ( or sometimes called load) Effort Force Fulcrum
Resistance Effort

Fulcrum

Lever
Three types
First Class
Fulcrum between effort and resistance forces Effort and resistance forces in same direction

Effort

Resistance

Lever
Three types
First Class
examples

Effort

Resistance

Lever
Three types
Second Class
Resistance force between fulcrum and effort force Effort and resistance forces in opposing directions

Resistance

Effort

Lever
Three types
Second Class
examples

Resistance

Effort

Lever
Three types
Third Class
Effort force between fulcrum and resistance force Effort and resistance forces in opposing directions

Resistance

Effort

Lever
Three types
Third Class
examples

Resistance

Effort

Inclined Plane
Slanted surface used to raise an object

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Specialized Inclined Planes

Wedge

Screw

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Wedge
Inclined plane that moves A triangle shape with a sharp point Can split, cut, tighten, or hold things together

Microsoft Office Clipart

Microsoft Office Clipart

Microsoft Office Clipart

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Screw
Inclined plane wrapped around a shaft Used to fasten things together or move things

iStockphoto

Worm gear

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iStockphoto

Corkscrew conveyor

Parking garage ramp

References
Microsoft, Inc. (2008). Clip art. Retrieved from http://office. microsoft.com/en-us/clipart/default.aspx Wikipedia. Retrieved from http://en.wikipedia.org iStockphoto. Retrieved from http://www.istockphoto.com/index.php