RAJIV GANDHI UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES

KARNATAKA, BANGALORE

COMPLETED PROFORMA FOR THE REGISTRATION OF SUBJECT

(DRAVYAGUNA) FOR THE DISSERTATION OF M.D. (AYURVEDA)

PHARMACOGNOSTICAL & PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF

ARKAPARNI (TYLOPHORA ASTHMATICA LINN.) A COMPARATIVE
STUDY ON THE BASIS OF DESHABHEDA (GEOGRAPHICAL SOURCES)
By
Dr. KHANT JAYDEEP DINESHBHAI
1st Year M.D. (Ayu) Scholar,
Dept. of PG studies in Dravyaguna,
Muniyal Institute Of Ayurveda Medical Sciences,
Manipal, Karnataka.

Guide
Dr. SATISH N. S. M.D. (Ayu)
Professor,
Dept. of PG studies in Dravyaguna,
Muniyal Institute Of Ayurveda Medical Sciences,
Manipal, Karnataka.

Co-Guide
Dr. CHANDRAKANTH BHAT. M.D. (Ayu)
Professor & HOD
Dept. of Dravyaguna,
Muniyal Institute Of Ayurveda Medical Sciences,
Manipal, Karnataka.

2010-2011
MUNIYAL INSTITUTE OF AYURVEDA MEDICAL SCIENCES
MANIPAL

ANNEXURE II
PROFORMA FOR REGISTRATION OF SUBJECT FOR DISSERTATION
1) Name of the candidate

2) Permanent Address

3) Name of the Institution

MUNIYAL INSTITUTE OF AYURVEDA

MEDICAL SCIENCES, MANIPAL

4) Course of study & Subject

M.D. (Ayu) IN DRAVYAGUNA

5) Date of admission of course

2.11.2010

6) Title of the Topic

DR. KHANT JAYDEEP D.

M.D (AYU) SCHOLAR,
DEPT. OF P.G STUDIES IN DRAVYAGUNA,
MUNIYAL INSTITUTE OF AYURVEDA
MEDICAL SCIENCES,
MANIPAL, KARNATAKA.
VRAJ VIHAR ,
4/2, PATEL COLONY,
OPP. APURVA RESIDENCY
JAMNAGAR-361008

: PHARMACOGNOSTICAL &

PHYTOCHEMICAL
ARKAPARNI
ASTHMATICA

ANALYSIS

OF

(TYLOPHORA
LINN.)

COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE BASIS

OF DESHABHEDA (GEOGRAPHICAL
SOURCES)

6. BRIEF RESUME OF THE INTENDED WORK

6.1 Need for study.
Ayurveda has many unique means to maintain the health and to cure the diseased
conditions, like herbal medicaments, mineral preparations, Panchakarma, Rasayana etc. To
understand all these areas

one should have a complete knowledge of the fundamental

principles. Ayurveda texts have divided the subject matter into 8 parts i.e. Astangas. Every
aspect of astangas deals with dravyaguna. Without dravyaguna no anga among astangas will
be a complete subject.
Dravyaguna Shastra deals with study of the properties, actions and therapeutic
effects of various dravyas (drugs)1. Dravya is an integral part of Dravyaguna Vijnana. All
dravyas (drugs) can be used as remedy as all the dravyas in this universe are having their own
properties2. There are seven basic aspects considered in this branch viz. Dravya, Rasa, Guna,
veerya, Vipaka, Prabhava and Karma3. Ancient texts have given importance for desha (habitat)
in which the plant has grown and collected. Quality of a dravya depends on its place of origin
(desha) and soil (bhumi). Acharyas have mentioned three types of desha such as Jangala
Anoopa & Sadharana4 which influence the growth and pharmacological properties of medicinal
plants. In Jangala desha there is possibility of Vata and Pitta getting vitiated while in Anoopa
desha there is possibility of Vata and Kapha getting vitiated and in Sadharana desha features of
both Jangala and Anoopa desha are observed. Potency of a drug is directly influenced by
geographical conditions. Rasapanchaka (Pharmcodynamics) of a dravya depends upon the
area where it grows. This may vary on the place of its origin. As a part of this I have selected
the topic Pharmacognostical and Phytochemical Analysis of Tylophora asthmatica Linn. with
reference to its deshabheda (geo-graphical sources).
6.2 Review of the literature:
The review of literature includes screening of classical literatures, contemporary Ayurvedic
literatures, modern literatures, journals and internet sources to collect sufficient data for the
intended drug. Study of literature helps to minimize controversies and brings new knowledge which
can strengthen the existing core of knowledge.

Dravyaparichaya Vijnana includes study of vernacular names, synonymsetc which help

in proper identification of a medicinal plants. Elaborate study of Arkaparni in different literatures
will be conducted during the research work. Difference in opinion can be found in various classical
texts. Sushruta has mentioned Arkaparni as a visaghna dravya5.Nighantu Aadarsh has elaborately
explained this drug by classifying it under Manjisthadi varga and sahadevyadi varg6,7.

Classical references of Arkaparni :

a)

:
(...)
6.3

Previous work done :

A previous work related to this drug is as below;

Dr.Sharma P.P- Clinical study on Arkapatri W.S.R to Tamaka Swasa,

D.G.Department, Jamnagar University, 1973.

6.4 Objective of the study: Comparative study of Arkaparni (Tylophora asthamatica linn.) on the basis of deshabheda
(geographical sources).
Pharmacognostical study of geographical sources of Arkaparni.

Macroscopic and microscopic aspects of roots, stems, leaves, flowers and fruits (panchaanga)
will be analyzed.

Phytochemical analysis of geographical sources of Arkaparni.

Qualitative analysis of phytoelements present in the drug.

7) Materials & Methods :

7.1 Source of Data:
Well grown climbers of Arkaparni( Tylophora asthamatica Linn.) will be collected entirely
from three different specific geographical sources (Deshabheda).

7.2) Method of Data Collection

4

Literary research: All the references regarding Arkaparni( Tylophora asthamatica Linn.) will be
reviewed and recorded. Arkaparni( Tylophora asthamatica Linn.) will be collected from 3 different
geographical sources (Trivida desha) confirming the identity with the botanist.
Identification of geographical sources of drug Arkaparni.
Pharmacognostical study of geographical sources of Arkaparni.

Macroscopic and microscopic aspects of roots, stems, leaves, flowers and fruits
(panchaanga) will be analyzed under the microscope.

Phytochemical analysis of geographical sources of Arkaparni.

By advanced techniques like TLC & HPTLC.

Other quality control parameters like Extractive values, loss on drying, ash value etc.

Qualitative analysis of phytoelements (marker components) present in drug.

Assessment criteria
Passport data of plant material.

Place and date of collection

Parts of plants

Botanical description

Assessment of organoleptic characters.

Colour

Odour

Taste

Texture of drug

Macroscopic and Microscopic study of Arkaparni.

Determination of foreign matter.
Determination of moisture content value (loss on drying) 8.
Determination of pH value9.
Determination of ash values such as Total ash, Acid insoluble ash, Water soluble ash, etc10.
Determination of Extractive values (Water soluble, alcohol soluble, chloroform soluble,
etc.)11.
Determination of volatile oil percentage.
Chemical finger printing by TLC12 and HPTLC13.
Qualitative analysis for active constituents.
5

 Qualitative test for heavy or toxic metals.

7.3) Does the study require any investigation or any intervention to be

conducted on patients or other humans or animals
NO
7.4) Has ethical clearance been obtained from your institution?
NA

8.0) List of reference:

1. P.V. Sharma, Introduction to

Dravyaguna Vijnana, Chaukhambha Orientalia,Varanasi,3 rd

edition,1995,Page no.3
2. Acharya Agnivesa, Charaka Samhita, elaborated by Charaka and Dridhabala with Ayurveda
Deepika commentary by Chakrapanidatta edited by Vaidhya Yadavji Trikamji Aacharya
Sutrasthana, 26th chap, Atrey Bhadrakapeeyam Adyaya , published by Chaukhamba Surbharti
Prakashana, Varanasi, UP, Edition 2005,Page no.138
3. Dr. J.L.N. Sastry, Dravyaguna Vijnana, Vol.1, Chaukhambha Orientalia, Varanasi, Edition
reprint, 2009, Page no.1
4. Acharya Agnivesa, Charaka Samhita, elaborated by Charaka and Dridhabala with Ayurveda
Deepika commentary by Chakrapanidatta edited by Vaidhya yadavji Trikamji Aacharya
Kalpasthana, 1st chap, Madankalpa adhyaya , published by Chaukhamba Surbharti Prakashana,
Varanasi, UP, Edition 2005,Page no .652-653
5. Divodasa Dhanvantari, Susruta Samhita, elaborated by Susruta with Nibandh Samgraha
commentary by Dalhana and Nyayachandrika Pangika by Gayadasa edited by Vaidhya Jadavji
Trikamji Aacharya and Narayan Ram Aacharya Kalpasthana, 8 th chap, Keetakalpa Adhyaya,
published by Chaukhambha Sanskrit Sansthan, Varanasi, UP, Edition-2010,Pg-586.
6. Sri Bapalala G.Vaidya, Nighantu Adarsha, poorvardha, manjishthadi varga, Vol.1,
Chaukhambha Bharathi Academy, Varanasi, edition 2nd, 1998, Page no. 729
7. Sri Bapalala G.Vaidya, Nighantu Adarsha, poorvardha, sahadevyadi varga, Vol.1,
Chaukhambha Bharathi Academy, Varanasi, edition 2nd, 1998, Page no. 763.
8. Dr. D.R. Lohar, protocol for testing ayurvedic, siddha & unani medicines, Government of India,
Department of AYUSH, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, pharmacopoeial laboratory for
Indian medicines, Ghaziabad pp 50
9. Dr. D.R. Lohar, Protocol for testing Ayurveda, Siddha & Unani medicines, Government of
India, Department of AYUSH, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, pharmacopoeial
laboratory for Indian medicines, Ghaziabad pp 112
6

10. Dr. D.R. Lohar, Protocol for testing Ayurveda, Siddha & Unani medicines, Government of
India, Department of AYUSH, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, pharmacopoeial
laboratory for Indian medicines, Ghaziabad pp 49
11. Dr. D.R. Lohar, protocol for testing Ayurveda, siddha & unani medicines, Government of India,
Department of AYUSH,Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, pharmacopoeial laboratory for
indian medicines, Ghaziabad pp 50
12. Tomasz Mroczek , Thin Layer Chromatography in Phytochemistry, Edited by Monika
Waksmundzka-Hajnos , Joseph Sherma , and Teresa Kowalska , CRC Press 2008, Print ISBN:
978-1-4200-4677-9, eBook ISBN: 978-1-4200-4678-6
13. Vivek Sharma, Nisha Sharma, Bikram Singh, Raghbir C Gupta, Cytomorphological studies and
HPTLC finger printing in different plant parts of three wild morphotypes of daturametel L.
Thorn applefrom North India, International journal of green pharmacy, January March
2009, pp 40-46
14. P.V.Sharma, Dravyaguna Vijnana, vol. 5, Chaukhambha Bharathi Academy, Page no.30
15. Sri Bapalala G.Vaidya, Nighantu Adarsha, utharardha, arkadi varga, Vol.2, Chaukhambha
Bharathi Academy, Varanasi, edition 2nd, 1999, Page no.41
16. C.K.N. Nair & N. Mohanan, Medicinal plants of India W.S.R of Ayurveda, published by Sri
Surendra Pratap for NAG Publishers, Delhi, Page no.43