ZOLAI GELHZIAZOLAI GELHZIA Zomi Christian Literature Society 2001 Editors Rev Paul Thuam Thang Joseph Hang

Khan Pau Publisher Rev Suan Khen Mung 1st Printing 2001 2nd Printing 2002 Zomi Christian Literature Society, Kalaymyo ii THUMASA Tu hun ciangin Zolai tawh laibu tampi kisuaksak ta hi. A hi zongin lai gelhzia a kician kinei nai lo hi. Lai-atte leh editor-te in amau hoih sak bang ciatin gelh zelzul uh hi. Tua a hih manin, Zomi Christian Literature Society in December 14-15, 2000 sungin Editors Conference khat samin inntek sem hi. Sapna bangin, laihawm editor-te leh Zolai uukna neite honkhat hong kihel thei uh a hih manin kilungdam mahmah hi. A beisa hun pek a Rev. S.T. Hau Go, Rev. Kam Khaw Thang, Pa J. Gin Za Twang, Rev. Paul Thuam Thang, Rev. Gho Khan Dal, Pa Khup Lam Thang, Pa Gin En Cin, Pa Gin Khat Suan, Pa Joseph Hang Khan Pau, Rev. Pau Cin Thang, Rev. Khoi Lam Thang, Rev. Go Khen Thang te ngaihsutna leh sepna bawlnate bulphuhin, Zolai gelhzia nasia takin kikum uh hi. Muhdan, theihdan leh deihziate a vekpi-a a kibat kim loh hangin, a kibang zong tampi mah om hi. Thukikupna sung pan a tamzawte in a saan theih lai gelhziate a tel nop dingin kilemtuaha, mi tampite etteh theih dingin hih laibuno hong kibawlkhia hi. Hih laibuno hong piankhiat nadingin Rev. Paul Thuam Thang leh Sia Joseph Hang Khan Pau (Khanno) in, ngaihsutna, thatang, leh hun tampi hong pia a, hong sepsak a hih manun, ZCLS in lungdamna lianpi kiciamteh hi. Hih laibu sunga ki-at, Zolai gelhzia tuamtuamte tawh kisai-in, gennop, puahnop leh behlapnop a neite in ZCLS ah lai in hong zasak le-uhcin kilungdam mahmah ding hi. Bogyoke Street, Pinlong 8, Kalaymyo. 20 February 2001Rev Suan Khen Mung Executive Secretary, Zomi Christian Literature Society.

iii A SUNGA THUTE A THULaimai Thu masa A sunga thute gualhna 1. 2. 3.Thupatna Kamzatte Kammal kimat leh kihal gelhzia1 1 3 3.1 3.2 3.3A khiatna neihzia bulphuhna Mathuap leh nungthuap thuahzia bulphuhna Manglai paizia bulphuhna3 4 5 Min Tatna Tatna zem Pianzia Mintang Munlak 3.3.7 Thuzom 5 6 7 8 8 9 9 4.Phazah gelhzia10 4.1 4.2Nambat tawh gelhzia Laimal tawh gelhzia10 10 5. 6.Laimalpi zatzia Lailepna zatzia11 12 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4

6.5 6.6 6.7Tawpna Husanna Ngakna Thekna Tanglak Kual Git-awn12 12 13 13 14 14 15 7.Awsuah15 iv I. THUPATNA Zolai gelhzia a kigen ciangin, kammal kimat leh kihal gelhzia, phazah gelhzia, laimalpi zatzia, lailepna zatzia, awsau leh awtom gelhzia, awniam awsang gelhzia, cihte i genna a hi hi. Zolai gelhzia a kibat kim nadingin, zuih ding thulet bulpi i neih kul ding hi. Tua a hih manin hih laibu bawlna ah English Grammar kietteh-in, kammal kimat leh kihal ding ngaihsutna ah parts of speech te kibulphuh hi. A tel nop theithei dingin, Zolai in kitei khia-a, zat pah theih dingin gentehna tampi tawh kilak hi. Hih laibu min pen ZOLAI GELHZIA a hih mah bangin, grammar lamsang a kisam zah val kihelsak loin, lai gelhzia (orthography) bek mah a thutom theithei-in ki-at hi. II. KAMZATTE Hih laibu sunga kam kizang pawlkhatte a kitel zawk nadingin Mangkam tawh lak khawm in a nuaiah kigual hi. awmal awsuah aituam min git-awn git-phei hon genna min husanna kamvuicing kual kammal

lai gelhzia = syllabus = pronunciation = proper noun = slash = dash = collective noun = comma = sentence = bracket = word = orthography

1 2 lailepna laimal laimal gawmzia laimalpi lawnmawh min Manglai mathuap min mintang munlak ngakna nungthuap phawnna pianzia tanglak tatma tatna tatna huh. tatna zem tatsa tawpna thekna thuzom @= punctuation = letter = spelling = capital = abstract noun = English = prefix = noun = pronoun = preposition

= colon = suffix = exclamation = adjective = apostrophe = future = verb = helping vert = adverb = past = fullstop = hyphen = conjunction 3 III. KAMMAL KIMAT LEH KIHAL GELHZIA A khiatna neihzia bulphuhna 3.1.1 3.1.2 Khiatna kicing a nei, amah guak-a ding thei kammalte khat leh khat kihal ding hi. gentehna. Hong pai in. Inn khat ka lam nuam hi. Kammal nih leh thum a phak hangin, tuateng a kilawh khop ciang bek-a, khiatna kicing khat a nei pan a hih leh, tua kammal nih leh thumte kimat ding hi. gentehna. A nungta Pasian ka bia hi. Nasep hahkat mahmah in. Kawllukhu khat leh puantungsilh khat hong puak in. Kammal thum val pha a, saulua i sak leh khen nih suah in, thekna tawh kipeh thei hi. gentehna. sakhi-tuihup, pheituam-sungten, khuasia-meide, va-singdangtu

3.1.3Khiatna kicing khinsa kammal nih a kizat khop ciangin, thekna tawh peh ding hi. annek-tuidawn cimawh-genthei

gilkial-dangtak huansak-huankhang innma-loma innmun-logamkhualu-khuataw nungak-tangval pitek-putek singkung-lopa sungta-putu zusa-vasa

4 Mathuap leh nungthuap thuahzia bulphuhna 3.2.1Mathuap a kithuah kammalte kimat ding hi. kipi-: kideihta, ki-en, kiho, kilukhuh, kimawl, kium : pibawl, picing, piet, pimuh, pingaihsut, pisuah ki- tawh a kimat manin a khiatna a kitelkhial thei dingte khen-in, thekna tawh kipeh ding hi. gentehna. ki-it, ki-at. 3.2.2Nungthuap a kithuah kammalte kimat ding hi. A khiatna a kitelkhial thei dingte khen-in, thekna tawh kipeh ding hi. -bawl -dan -huai -kha -khia -khial -lam -pi -pih -sa -sak -tan -vai: cilbawl, khembawl, ngekbawl, pawlbawl : bawldan, itdan, muhdan, omdan, zatdan : dahhuai, haihuai, ithuai, pahtak-huai : genkha, khialkha, lawngkha, nekha, sukha : genkhia, honkhia, lakhia, mukhia, lawnkhia : enkhial, mukhial, paukhial, telkhial, theikhial : deihlam, gollam, hauhlam, khanlam, teklam : bulpi, huihpi, innpi, lianpi, lopi, papi, tampi : hopih, lungdampih, paipih, sihpih, tonpih : baihsa, bawngsa, hoihsa, sepsa, tuisa ( -sa in khiatna tuamtuam a neih hangin, kimat veve hi.)

: damsak, deihsak, maisak, siasak : kuaitan, nawktan, paltan, pektan, : cilvai, haivai, khantohvai, naupangvai,

3.2.3 Mathuap leh nungthuap tawh a kithuah khawm kammal-te kimat ding hi. ki- -bawl ki- -dan: ki- -kha ki- -khia ki- -khial ki- -pih ki- -sak: kihaibawl, kikhembawl, kisimmawhbawl : kideihsakdan, ki-itdan, kikep-dan : kipalkha, kiphukha, kisatkha, kisukha : kihawlkhia, kikhahkhia, kilawnkhia, : kitelkhial, kitheikhial, kizangkhial : kiciahpih, kinuampih, kithuahpih, kisihpih : kideihsak, kimaisak, kingeksak, kiphasak 5 Manglai paizia bulphuhna English grammar-a, parts of speech te bulphuh-in kammal kimat ding leh kihal ding, a nuaia bang hi ding hi. 3.3.1 Min (Noun) gelhzia a. Mi minte a nuaia bangin kigelh ding hi. 1) Minpi : min malte kihal ding hi. gtn. Hau Cin Khup, Thang Ho 2) Minno : min malte kimat ding hi. gtn. Thangno, Paukuak, Cingsan A hih hangin, minpi pana minno kilate kihal ding hi. gtn. Khen Thang, Suan Niang 3) Minsel : gtn. Lianpu pa, Lam Vung nu.

b. c. d.

e.

Nasep minte kimat den ding hi. gtn. hausapa, siavuannu, ngabengpa, sasehsatpa lokhote, anhuante, mawtaw-hawlte Khua min leh veng minte kimat den ding hi. gtn. Tedim, Tungtuang, Kansauzang Lawibual, Sakollam, Leisan

Ganhing minte kimat den ding hi. A min sau luate thekna tawh kidei thei hi. gtn. zawhngeu, sahang, musane, vacikdawt, humpi-nelkai, va-singdangtu

Nate minte kimat den ding hi. gtn. mehthuk, tutphah, puanlaisan, siktawlai, pheituamtual, mangmeitei f. g. h. i. j.Beh minte kimat den ding hi. gtn. Hatlang, Ngaihte, Hautual, Gualnam A hon genna minte a nuaia bangin kigelh ding hi. gtn. mi hon, mi honpi, mihau pawl, khangno pawl, anhuan pawl Lawnmawh minte kimat den ding hi. gtn. deihna, pilna, tupna, hauhna, cidamna, dammawhna, hehpihna, nopsakna Khuami, gammi, behmite kimat den ding hi. A kisapna munte ah thekna tawh kidei thei hi. gtn. Tedimte, Kansauzangte, Mandalayte Kawlte, Sente, Indiate, Singapore-te Gualnamte, Hautualte, Hatlangte, Ngaihte-te

Min khat pen a khiatna kicingzaw dinga kammal dang khat tawh a kibehlap ciangin, tua kammal tegel kimat ding hi. min + min

min + tatna min + pianzia: gam-ak, leilu, laiip, meikhuam, khamkhi : nitang, guahzu, lokho, sangkah, tuitawi : mihau, mangpha, nisa, singdawn, thaupi Tatna (Verb) gelhzia a.Tatna hun a lak kammalte a nuaia bangin kigelh ding hi. 1) Tatma : tatma lak kammalte tang din ding hi. gtn. ciah ding, et sawm, pai ning

2) Tattatna : kammalte kimat den ding hi. gtn. paupau, nuinui, mawlmawl 3) Tatsa : tatsa lak kammalte tang din ding hi. gtn. lum khin, man zo, pai ta 7 4) Tatsa zemthuah : tatsa zemthuah kammal leh tatsa lak kammalte kimat ding hi. gtn. lum khinzo, lum khinta, lum khinzota b. c.Tatna huh kammalte a dangte tawh kihal ding hi. gtn. Kei hong pai ning. Nang va pai in. Na ci dam ta hen. Tatna khat pen a khiatna kicingzaw dinga kammal dang khat tawh a kibehlap ciangin, tua kammal tegel kimat ding hi. tatna + tatna zem: balkek, kahto, phelkhap, tawisang Tatna zem (Adverb) gelhzia a.Tatna khat peuhpeuh ii pianzia lak-a, a thu a zem pen, tatna zem kici hi. Tatna zem kammalte awmal nih, awmal thum a phak leh kimat ding hi.

Tat hun zem gelhzia gtn.Na thawh ma (madiak)-in hong kikan hi. An hong thuk lai (lailai) ve. Hong tung baih (baihdeuh) in.

b.Tat dan zem gelhzia gtn.Tangtel siik kha-in diang sai hi. Guahzu zuahzuah hi. Amah nuamin nui kauhkauh hi. Tatna zem gelhzia pawlkhat pahpah suasua zualzual khiankhianhithiat gige diaiduai miaimuaibeubau seusau ngeungau teutau 8 Pianzia (Adjective) gelhzia a.Na khat peuhpeuh ii pianzia a lak kammal in awmal khat a neih leh tang din dinga, awmal nih a neih leh kimat ding hi. gtn.Vasa vom khat ka mu hi. Na tapa pil hi. Thu lamdang a om hiam? Tumul puan khat hong lei sak in. b. Pianzia a zemthuah kammalte kimat ding hi. gtn.bem - bem velval vom - vom bekbak gial - gial bialbualpak - pak sitset zum - zum ziuhzeuh sia - sia nepnap c. Pianzia tehpih kammalte kimat ding hi. gtn.baih - baihzaw - baihzawlai - baihpen - baihpenpen hau - hauzaw - hauzawlai - haupen - haupenpen hoih - hoihzaw - hoihzawlai - hoihpen - hoihpenpen pil - pilzaw - pilzawlai - pilpen - pilpenpen migi -migizaw - migizawlai - migipen - migipenpen

Theih ding: 'zawlai' pen khiatna dang nei-a i zat leh tangdin ding hi. gtn. A gitloh bang loin, meidawi zawlai e) 3.3.5 Mintang (Pronoun) gelhzia

a.Mi min tang-a kizang kammalte gelhzia kei nang a ko, kote ei, eite no, te amau, amautekeimah nangmah amah komau eimau nomau amaukeimah mah nangmah mah amah mah komau mah eimau mah nomau mah amau mah 9 Neihna lak mintangte gelhzia gtn.Hih ka laibu sim dihve. Tua laikung kei aa hi. Na sum limtak kem in. Ama khedapte gol thei mahmah. Ko innah hong hawh lo ding maw? I puante na pho in. Gamdang ah ei pau kizang lo hi. No lamah bang thuthu om hiam? Amau deihna na zui phot in.

Munlak (Preposition) gelhzia Nate omna mun a lak kammal pen munlak kici hi. a.Awmal khat a nei munlak kammalte tangdin ding hi. gtn.Yangon ah ka pai hi.

Inn sung na phiat in. Amah in Jesuh kiang a zuan hi. b.Awmal nih a nei munlak kammalte kimat ding hi. gtn.kiangah geinai kikalsunglam saklam khungdawn

Thuzom (Conjunction) gelhzia Thuvui khat leh khat a kizom sak kammal pen thuzom kici hi. gtn.Tho leh thosi ka mu hi. A u dah loin a heh hi. Amah a nuama kei ka dah hi. Amah pil napi laisim thadah hi. 'in' leh 'a' pen thuzopna a kizat ciangin, a kizompih kammalte tawh kimat ding hi. A kisap leh thekna tawh kidei ding hi. 10 IV. PHAZAH GELHZIA Nambat tawh gelhzia 4.1.1Nambat mal thum a val teh, a tel nop dingin a nunglam pan mal thum hal ta-in husanna kikoih ding hi. gtn. 1,000 12,000 123,000 1,234,000 4.1.2 4.1.3Telephone nambat, kum, laimai cihte ah husanna kikoih lo ding hi. gtn. Telephone No. 21999, 1997 kum, laimai 1854 Dinmun lak nambat te a nuaia bangin kigelh ding hi. gtn. 1na, 9na, 20na Laimal tawh gelhzia 4.2.1 4.2.2

4.2.3 4.2.4 4.2.5Awmal nih a phate gelhzia

gtn. sawmnih, sawmsagih, zanga Awmal nih a valte gelhzia gtn. sawm-leh-khat, sawmnih-nga, sawmsagih-sagih zanga-sawmthum, tulkhat-zakua-sawmkua-kua tulnih-leh-khat Dinmun gelhzia gtn. a khatna, a sawm-leh-thumna, a sawmsagihna, a zanihna a masa, a tawpna Zahvei gelhzia gtn. khatveina, thumveina, sawmsagih-veina A huam-a gelhzia gtn. tampi, themno, pawlkhat, tawmkhat 11 V. LAIMALPI ZATZIA 5.1 Thulu gelh ciangin laimalpi nam thum bangin kizang hi. 5.1.1 5.1.2 5.1.3Thulupi gelhna ah laimal khempeuh laimalpi tawh kigelh hi. gtn. KHAMTUNG GAM THU Thululai gelhna ah kammal khat ciat laimalpi tawh kipan thei hi. gtn. Tedim Sangpi Kingahna Thu Thuluneu gelhna ah laigual kipatna bekah laimalpi kizang hi. gtn. Ka mangngilh theihloh ka siapipa 5.2Aituam min i gelh ciangin, laimal masapen laimalpi tawh kigelh hi. gtn. Kam Hau, Pau Cin Hau, Jerusalem, Kansauzang 5.3Beh min, minam minte laimalpi tawh kipan hi. gtn. Gualnam, Ngaihte, Kawlte, Sente,

5.4Nipi-kal nite laimalpi tawh kipan hi. gtn. Nipini, Nilaini, Kiginni 5.5Laigual thak khat a kipat sialsialin laimalpi tawh kipan hi.

gtn. Na damdam uh hiam? Ko ka innkuan un dam kim ung. 5.6Thutom gelh ciangin laimalpi kizang hi. gtn. UNDP, MRTV, BBC, USA, ZCLS 12 VI. LAILEPNA ZATZIA 6.1 Tawpna ( . ) 6.1.1 6.1.2 6..1.3 6.1.4Laigual khat vuicing khin-a khawl sakna. gtn. I lai gelhzia kibang sak ni. A seh genna. gtn. 2.5, 90.75% Kammal tomlakna. gtn. Ph.D. Mr. Capt. (Tu hun teh hih kizui nawn khol lo hi.) A nuaia munte ah kizang lo ding hi. a. Lai thulu gelhna: gtn. Zolai Gelhzia b. Min maia kikoih kammal cingsate: gtn. Siapi Hang Za Lian (Siapi. hi lo ding) Major That Tung Nung (Major. hi lo ding) Tang Thang Lian Do (Tang. hi lo ding) @ Theih huai: Lai i khet ciangin, tawpna nungah laimal khatcia mun awng ding hi. gtn. Thu khat hong gen ning._ Limtak na ngai in.

6.2 Husanna ( , ) 6.2.1 6.2.2A banban-a kigelh minte deina. gtn. Ko innah Thangpu, Cingno, Sanlek leh Khen

Thang hong hawh uh hi. Lo laiah vaimim, tang, bal leh be po khawm hi. Nimit gelhna. gtn. January 6, 1995 6th January, 1995 6 January 1995 13 6.2.3 6.2.4A kitomlak kammalte kikalah deina. gtn. M.A., M.R.E., D.D. 'leh' kammal nungah kizang lo ding hi. gtn. Ko lakah Thangpi, Lunsen leh Lian Pau pilpen uh hi. Theih huai: Lai i khet ciangin, husanna nungah laimal khatcia mun awng sak ding hi. gtn. An na huan inla,_puan kawt teng zong na pho in. 6.3 Ngakna ( : ) 6.3.1 6.3.2 6.3.3Lai Siangtho a lian a neu deina. gtn. Matthew 5:3, I Corinthians 13:13 Thu khat a kigelhna sungah midang kampau khat a kiguan ciang deina. gtn. Jesuh in: "Note khat leh khat na ki-it un," a ci hi. A kigelh thu khat, a kicingzaw-a behlap cianga deina. gtn. Kong vaikhakte: thopuan, puanza, laibu leh laikung hong lei mangngilh kei in. 6.4 Thekna ( - ) 6.4.1

Kammal sau khat laigual mong-ah a tat loh cianga khenna gtn. Nong pai teh ka nu zong hong tonpih inla, vanleng hong zui un. Na kithuahpih dingin Thangbawi mah muanhuaipen inteh.

(Hih bangin gelh lo ding: Ka nu hong tonpih inla, vanleng hong zui un. Na kithuahpih dingin Thangbawi muangpen ing.) 14 6.4.2 6.4.3Kammal kimat pawlkhat a kisim khialh loh nadinga aw khenna. gtn. Topa tungah ki-ap ni. Ki-angvan lua kei in. Hong pai in, ci-in a khut hong van hi. Hun kikal, mun kikal lahna gtn. 1991-95 sung Yangon ah sang ka kah hi. January 1-3, 1995 sung kikhoppi om ding hi. Zingteh Yangon-Kawlpi vanleng a om ding hiam? 6.5 Tanglak ( ' ) 6.5.1 6.5.2 6.5.3 Laimal tangin kizang thei hi. gtn. Ka nu'n hong it hi. ('i' tang-a kizang) Kei tang' Jesuh si hi. ('in' tang-a kizang) Awsang lahna ah kizang lo ding hi. gtn. Lianpu tai sim-a, a nu in tai' gawp hi. (x) 'g' tawh a tawp kammalte nungthuap '-na' tawh a kithuah ciangin, 'g' tangin zat huai lo hi. gtn. siangtho - sianthona; minthang - minthanna

6.6 Kual ( ) 6.6.1 6.6.2Kammal khat a deihna a kicingzaw, kicianzaw-a i gen beh nop

ciangin, kizang hi. gtn. Ciinno (Thang Kap tanu) in pasal nei hi. Sum Ks.10,000 (Kyat tulsawm) kong khak hi. Zolai kammal khat, minam dangte kammal khat tawh i lah khop nop ciangin kizang hi. gtn. Lai gelhzia (orthograpy) a kician i neih kul ding hi. Ka tanu in zato siamah (nurse) sem hi. 15 6.6.3Nambat gelh ciangin a kisam lopi-in kual zang lo ding. gtn. Pawlmi 15,000 ka pha uh hi. (kual kisam lo) 1995 kum in tansawm ka ong hi. (kual kisam lo) 6.7 Git-awn ( / ) 6.7.1 6.7.2'A hih kei leh' cihna tangin kizang hi. gtn. Na min maiah Tang/Lia gelh in. Zum lai nambat piakna ah kizang hi. gtn. ZCLS/2000/15 VII. AWSUAH Lai a kigelh ciangin a 'thu' kigelh-a, a 'aw' kigelh lo hi. Tua a hih manin, lai a kisim teh a 'thu' ngaihsun kawm lehang, a awsuah man pan ding hi. A awsuah kibat lohna zui-in laimal gawmzia a tuamtuam zat ding hi thei lo hi. Gentehna in, 'tang' cih kammal in awsuah nam guk neia, a kigelh ciangin laimal gawmzia kibang khin hi. A hih hangin, a 'thu' tawh ngaihsun peuh lehang, a awsuah maan kithei veve a hih lam, a nuaia laigualte ah kimu thei hi. Zan ciangin khapi tang hi. (awsau, awlai) Tang lo-in tu khinkhian in. (awsau, aw-un) Eite tang in Jesu si hi. (awsau, aw-eu) Naupangte in tang natna vei uh hi. (awtom, aw-un) Amau an tang in thu ngen uh hi. (awtom, awlai) Vantung gam in ankam tang tawh kibang hi. (awtom, aw-eu)

16 Awsuah a kibat loh hangin, laimal gawmzia kibang khin ding, i ci a hi ta zongin, a kitel khial thei ding thu a hih leh, a nuai-a bangin laimal kigawm ding hi. Cin Ciin Ciinh

Niang Niiang ci cii Vung Vungh mei meii meimai meeimaai Suan Suann phin phiin Khen Khenn cing cingh lei leii gam gamh: awtom, aw-un : awsau, aw-eu : awsau, aw-un : awsau, awlai : awsau, aw-eu : awsau, aw-un : awsau, aw-eu : awtom, aw-lai : awtom, aw-un : awtom, aw-eu : awtom, aw-lai : awtom, awlai : awsau, awlai : awsau, aw-un : awsau, aw-eu : awtom, aw-eu : awsau, aw-un : awsau, aw-un : awtom, aw-un : awtom, awlai : awtom, aw-un : awtom, aw-eu : awtom, awlai : awtom, awlai : awtom, aw-ungtn gtn. gtn. gtn.

gtn. gtn. gtn. gtn. gtn. gtn. gtn. gtn. gtn. gtn. gtn. gtn. gtn. gtn. gtn. gtn. gtn. gtn. gtn. gtn. gtn.Cin Thang Ciin Niang Ciinh Lian Niangno Niiang Hau ci al lua ankam cii Lam Vung Khan Vungh mei kuang sak kei in. meii in ni a liah hi. tawng meimai thau meeimaai Thang Suan Mang Suann Mi heh nadingin phin kei in Guah phiin hi. Thang Khen Thang Khenn Ka deih teng cing khinta. Naupangte gilvah leh cingh hi. Sa va lei in. Leii leh ha zong kipet thei hi. gampalak gamh luah

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