Ministry of New and Renewable Energy, GoI G

Green Design g
IIT Roorkee 04 December 2010

Why do we need green buildings?

In 2000, 27.7% of the population in India lived in Urban areas. It is predicted that by 2030, 41.1% of the total population of India would be living in cities.

Source: RICS INDIA ENERGY FACTSHEET FACTSHEET, 2008

Gurgaon 2006

Gurgaon 2010

Lavasa 2004

Lavasa 2010

And in those areas, where the forests and the agricultural land is being wiped out, we have this

http://www.freepressrelease.com/news/200804/1208113252.html

http://www.mondinion.com/Real_Estate_Listings/adid/237749/India--Haryana--Gurgaon--Apartment_for_Sale/

http://www.sneraestates.com/

http://www.investinnest.com/properties/Unitech%20Group/unitech_verve.htm

And in order to feed the ever-growing ever growing demand from the building sector, we further have this

http://www.grain.org/seedling/?type=77

http://www.orissadiary.com/All_Headlines.asp?page=138

In our attempt to DEVELOP DEVELOP ourselves we are blindly aping the West

What needs to be understood.

Is that regardless of what the west does for sustainable development, they will do it with respect to their level of consumption. Our levels are m-u-u-u-u-c-h lower than theirs and we need to work towards lowering our consumption with respect to our own levels. So far our attempt has been to come up to their level of consumption and then start reducing. Well

However, th H the current t development d l t model being adopted is.

Gurgaon The Millennium City!

Besides causing environmental damage, we are also loosing our cultural identity for the country. India is slowly loosing its diversity in architecture

Delhi / NCR

http://www.flickr.com/photos/85296574@N00/189385186/sizes/o/

Mumbai

http://www.flickr.com/photos/85296574@N00/188742872/sizes/o/in/set-72157594199106864/

Kolkata

http://www.flickr.com/photos/85296574@N00/101301544/sizes/o/in/set-72157594199106864/

http://www.flickr.com/photos/85296574@N00/101301546/sizes/o/in/set-72157594199106864/

http://www.flickr.com/photos/85296574@N00/300196297/sizes/o/in/set-72157594382704326/

http://www.flickr.com/photos/85296574@N00/188013144/sizes/o/in/set-72157594199106864/

http://www.flickr.com/photos/85296574@N00/185514559/sizes/o/in/set-72157594199106864/

http://www.flickr.com/photos/85296574@N00/231857547/sizes/o/in/set-72157594199106864/

The traditional architecture that we so conveniently shun, created cultural identities for our society and was SUSTAINABLE!!!

picalisland.de/india/rajasthan/mandawa/pages/DEL%20Mandawa%20in%20Shekawati%20region%20-%20Hotel%20Mandawa%20Desert%20Resort%20with%20mud%20covered%20cottages%20to%20retain%20authenticity%203008x2000.html

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/2/21/Old_style_home%2C_Manali%2C_2004.j

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/97/Toda_Hut.JP

tp://www.indiamike.com/photopost/data/500/kerala_06_213.jpg

http://www.tropicalisland.de/india/rajasthan/mandawa/images/DEL%20Mandawa%20in%20Shekawati%20region%20%20Hotel%20Mandawa%20Haveli%20outer%20courtyard%20with%20beautifully%20painted%20main%20facade%203008x2000.jpg

p://www.tourpackagesrajasthan.com/images/Jaisalmer-957_30.jpg

http://www.worldisround.com/photos/29/254/464_ j

p://bighugelabs.com/onblack.php?id=2426452726&size=large

It is a common misconception that green design is all about installing rainwater harvesting systems, solid waste management t systems t and d creating ti glass l boxes b Th first The fi step of f green design d i is..D i DESIGN

Standing in the Sunon a summer day

First ensure you are dressed for the season (colours fabric, (colours, fabric thickness thickness, etc etc.) ) Second turn your face and eyes away from the sun Third Stand under the shade of a tree

If there are no trees, then wear a hat to shade your eyes

Fourth if the sun is quite intense intense, put on your sun glasses Fifth look for an airy, open place

No wind? Use a newspaper / magazine to fan yourself

Sixth wash y your face and hands with cool water

Well, thats how a building should stand

First make sure the building is oriented right Minimal Mi i l heat h t gain i into i t the th building b ildi during d i summer Second Make sure your windows are not facing the sun Third make sure your windows are shaded Fourth If the solar radiation is really high select effective glazing Fifth exploit the natural wind flow Sixth Use a ceiling fan Then Use energy intensive interventions

Factors on site which i fl influence green design d i

Orientation

Orient major facades of your building along North and South

Incident solar radiation in summer for India

Incident Solar Radiation for Summer
10000 9000 8000 7000 W/m2 2/day 6000 5000 4000 3000 2000 1000 0 North NorthEast East SouthEast 13oN South SouthWest 21oN West NorthWest 29oN Horizontal

9oN

17oN

25oN

Incident solar radiation in winter for India

Incident solar radiation for Winter
7000 6000 5000 W/m2/ /day 4000 3000 2000 1000 0 North North-East East SouthE t East 13oN South SouthW t West 21oN West NorthW t West 29oN Horizontal

9oN

17oN

25oN

Internal Spatial Planning

Buffer spaces along E & W

Place the buffer spaces (such as- toilets, corridors, staircases, lifts and service areas etc.) along western and eastern facades.

P Provide id major j buffer b ff spaces along l west t and d East E t

Vegetation g and site topography g y

CESE building, IIT Kanpur

CESE building, IIT Kanpur

CESE building, IIT Kanpur

Art School, Doon School, Dehradun

Solar Access/Self Access/Self-Shading Shading

Suzlon OneEarth Campus, Pune

Wind flow

Suzlon One Earth Campus, Pune

Factors in building design which hi h influence i fl green design d i

Glass area on facades

PCNTDA Headquarters, Pimpri-Chinhwad

Source: Landmark Design

PCNTDA Headquarters, Pimpri-Chinhwad

Source: Landmark Design

Window Wall Ratio

Window Wall Ratio

Window-Wall-Ratio Wi d W ll R ti (WWR) : Th The Wi Window d W Wall ll R Ratio ti refers to the ratio of the total fenestration area to the gross wall area. area

CertainDoubleglazedwindowsbringin78timesmoreheat insidethebuildingascomparedtoawellinsulatedwall. wall Evensomeofthemostenergyefficientglassavailableinthe o markethasUvaluerangingfrom1.41.9W/sq.m. C. Thatmeansevensomeofthebestavailableglassallows34 timesmoreheattransferascompared p toawellinsulatedwall.

SHGC/Shading of fenestrations

Green building myth: high reflective glass is good and it allows daylight to come inside

Shading Examples

Tensile structure

Space frame

Vertical screening through various material treatment

Vertical Screening through Jalis

Source:http://connect.in.com/pearlacademy offashion/photospearlacademyfashion jaipurm300409472a18e353d29b632.html

Source:http://design.fr/architecture/pearlacademyoffashionbymorphogenesis/

PearlFashionAcademyJaipur

Source:Morphogenesis

MECONbuilding,Ranchi

IRRAD building, Gurgaon Architect: Ahok B. Lall

Thickness of floor plates

Pearl Fashion Academy, Jaipur

http://static.dezeen.com/uploads/2009/09/pearl-academy-by-morphogenesis-17.jpg

Impact of green/passive design on building economics

 Assumptions for the Conventional case building: Longest facades facing East-West No wall and roof shading g

A Assumptions ti f for the th Passive P i Design D i building: b ildi Longest facades facing North-South Wall and roof shading

Analysis taken from reports published under the APP project j t on high hi h performance f commercial i l buildings in India.

MICROSOFT building, g, Hyderabad y

Conventional Case Cooling Demand 2340 TR Electric Load 4710 kW Energy P E Performance f Index I d 208 kWh/sq.m./annum

Passive Design Strategies Cooling Demand 1880 TR Electric Load 39 3910 0 kW Energy P E Performance f Index I d 173 kWh/sq.m./annum q

Passive Design Strategies Cooling Demand Reduction 19% Electric Load Reduction 17% % Energy P E Performance f Index I d Reduction R d ti 17% %

ITC Green Centre Building, g, Gurgaon g

Conventional Case Cooling Demand 1270 TR Electric Load 1180 kW Energy P E Performance f Index I d 161 kWh/sq.m./annum

Passive Design Strategies Cooling Demand 1070 TR Electric Load 1040 0 0 kW Energy P E Performance f Index I d 125 kWh/sq.m./annum q

Passive Design Strategies Cooling Demand Reduction 16% Electric Load Reduction 12% % Energy P E Performance f Index I d Reduction R d ti 22% %

Can buildings adopt traditional design principles p p and yet y appear pp contemporary? p y

IRRADcomplex

Source:AshokLall Architects

PearlFashionAcademy Architects:Morphogenesis
http://img248.imageshack.us/i/pearlacademyfashion1mp0.jpg/

http://img248.imageshack.us/i/pearlacademyfashion1mp0.jpg/

http://static.dezeen.com/uploads/2009/09/pearl-academy-by-morphogenesis-17.jpg

Thank You

All the th presentations t ti are copyright i ht of f GRIHA. GRIHA It can not t be printed or presented without the permission of GRIHA Secretariat