CARBOXILIC ACID

General formula __________________________________

One hydrogen atom is replaced with functional group ___________________________

Why families known as carboxylic acid

Carboxyl group plays a vital role to gives _______________ properties to carboxilic acid families.

Molecular and Structural Formula

n

Name

Methanoic acid

Ethanoic acid

Propanoic acid

Butanoic acid

Molecular formula

Mr

Structural
formula

Naming carboxilic acids

Example 1:

Example 2:

Example 3:

Example 4:

Ethanoic Asid
Can be prepared through _________ of an ethanol.
Chemical equation:

This is carried out by _____________________ with an ___________________ such as

______________________________ or ___________________________________________.
Preparation of ethanoic acid through refluxing

Condenser is used to prevent the _________________________________________________

This method of _______________________________________ during heating is called refluxing.
How to carry out the activity?
Physical Properties

Chemical Properties
1) Acid Properties
- Only hydrogen atom in the carboxyl group, [-COOH] can ________________ to produce
______________________________

Ethanoic acid is a weak acid. Why?

- it dissociates in water _________________ , most of the molecules remain ____________.
2) Reactions with metals
- Dilute ethanoic acid reacts with ____________ metal (________________________) to produce a
______________ and _____________ gas.

3) Reactions with bases

- Dilute ethanoic acid _______________ alkalis such as ______________________ solution to give
an ________________________________________

4) Reactions with carbonates

- Dilute ethanoic acid reacts with __________________ to produce a __________________________

Reactions with alcohols [________________________]

Esterification: ________________- reacts with ____________________ to
produce an ____________________________________.

Uses of carboxilic acid:

i. Ethanoic acid is known as acetic acids use in;
- Food ____________________
- Food ____________________
- To make ____________________
- To make esters for use as ____________________
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.

Methanoic acid is used to ____________________.

Benzoic acids is used as food ____________________
Fatty acids used in making ____________________
Carboxilic acids use in the manufactured of ____________________

Conclusion on chemical reaction;

ESTER
General formula ______________________________________________________________________________

R
R

: alkyl group in ____________________

: alkyl group in ____________________

Esterification
- Carboxilic acid reacts with alcohol to produce ____________________
- The functional group of ester is__________________________________
- ____________________is catalyst.
- Carboxilic acid ____________________
- Alcohol ____________________
- The bond that ______________________________

Naming Ester
- Name of ester consists of two parts, the name of ____________________ and followed by
the ____________________.
Example:
i. Ethanoic acid + methanol ____________________ + ____________________
Chemical equation:

Example:
ii. Ethanoic acid + ethanol

__________________________________________________-

Chemical equation:

Example:
iii. Methanoic acid + Ethanol ________________________________________________
Chemical equation:

Q: Draw structural molecule of

i. Methyl metanoate
ii. Pentyl propanoate
iii. Propyl ethanoate
Solutions;
i. Methyl metanoate

ii. Pentyl propanoate

iii. Propyl ethanoate

Preparation of ester through reflux

How to carry out this process?

After boiling, Liebig condenser is rearranged To carry out the __________________________ at
_____________________ to collect __________________________.
Physical properties of ethyl ethanoate

Natural Sources
- Most simple esters are found in _______________________________
ex: _____________________________
_______________________________
- __________________ are liquid ester.
- The higher and complex ester ___________________________________ smells
Uses of ester
- to make ______________________________________
- to make ____________________________________

used as organic solvents

eg. _______________________________________
_______________________________________.
- to make synthetic _______________________________
- to make ______________________________________
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