INVERTED T-BEAM & L-BEAM DESIGN

Loading Data :
1. Dead load
Brick Wall

Slab self weight

conc

3
24 kN/m

205 H Core Slab

2
2.7 kN/m

2
1.8 kN/m

Topping

75 mm

4.5 kN/m

Slab Service Dead Load

M&E

2
0.25 kN/m

Ceiling

2
0.25 kN/m

Screed

2
1.2 kN/m

Blockwall

2
1.2 kN/m
2
2.9 kN/m

2. Live load

Imposed Load R

kN/m2

Imposed Load L

kN/m2

Moment

wl2 / 8

Reaction

wl/2

3. Calculate

Simply supported

Brick

Floor Level

2.6 kN/m2
0

kN/m

Beam Details
b1

b2

h1

b3

SECTION 2

h3
h

h2

SECTION 1

h4

Beam Dimensions :
h
b
h1
h3
b1

=
=
=
=
=

600
650
280
280
125

b3

h2

mm
mm
mm
mm
mm

main
link
u-tie
Cover, C
d

=
=
=
=
=

32
10
10
40
534

125 mm

fy

460 N/mm2

320 mm

fyv

250 N/mm2

h4

320 mm

fcu

40 N/mm2

b2
bv

=
=

400 mm
525

conc
b

=
=

24 kN/m3
1

b vd
L

=
=

280350
9m

mm2

mm
mm
mm
mm
mm

1. Dead Load
Slab
hcs R
hcs L
hcs & top(selfweight)
Service DL
Beam
Section 1
Section 2
Total DL

=
=
=

6m
6m
2
4.5 kN/m

2
2.9 kN/m

=
=

4.99 kN/m
2.69 kN/m

Brick on Beam

=
=

52.1 kN/m
59.8 kN/m

(inclusive self weight)

(lower section)

2. Live Load
Imposed Load R

Imposed Load L

Total LL

24 kN/m

thus, W

=
=

111 kN/m
122 kN/m

0.5 m

104 kN

2
4 kN/m
2
4 kN/m

Section 1
Section 2

Others load data

column width

equal

Reaction and Moments

Reaction,V
Moments,M :
hogging
sagging

=
=

0
70.4

kNm
kNm

500 mm

kN/m

Design for sagging reinf.

K

M/bd2fcu
0.009

=
=

k'

BS 8110 : Part 1: 1997

Cl. 3.4.4.4

0.156

no compression reinf. Required

compression reinf. Required
z

=
=

d {0.5 + (0.25 - K/0.9)}

0.99
< 0.95
> 0.95 use z = 0.95

thus, z

=
=

0.95 d
507 mm

As

=
=

M/0.95fyZ

=
=

(d-z)/ 0.45
59.3 mm

317.6 mm2

Therefore use;
nos. of T

16

use min. steel

mm2

ok
not ok
Min Reinforcement

0.2%bh

480 mm2

Therefore use;
3

nos. of T

ok
not ok

16

603 mm2 at top beam.

BS 8110 : Part 1: 1997

Cl. 3.4.5.2

Shear
V

=
=

104 kN
V/bvd
0.37 kN/m2

shear capacity, vc
100 As /bvd

0.79 (100 As/bd)1/3 (400/d)1/4 / m

400 / d
fcu / 25
m

=
=
=
=

0.11
0.75
1.6
1.25

vc

0.46 N/mm2

0.8fcu

vc + 0.4

5.06 N/mm
or
5 N/mm2
0.86

thus USE equation no.2

Asv /sv
=
thus use R10@
250m c/c
Lower link
V =
v =
=

Note:
1) v < 0.5 vc
2) 0.5 vc < v < vc + 0.4
3) vc + 0.4 < v < 0.8fcu

0.48
157.00

Link, R sv Asv /sv Link, R

6
50 1.13
8
57
75 0.75 101
mm2 100 0.57 mm2
125 0.45
150 0.38
175 0.32
200 0.28
225 0.25
250 0.23

0.88
157.00

sv
50
75
100
125
150
175
200
225
250

Asv /sv Link, R

sv

2.01 10
50
1.34 157
75
1.01 mm2 100
0.8
125
0.67
150
0.57
175
0.5
200
0.45
225
0.4
250

Asv /sv
3.14
2.1
1.57
1.26
1.05
0.9
0.79
0.7
0.63

mm2

61 kN
V/bd
0.29 kN/m2

thus use R10 @

150mm c/c

R-link

2R- link
Link, R sv

thus USE equation no.2

Asv /sv
=

- minimum links
- Asv 0.4 bvsv / 0.95fyv
- Asv bvsv (v-vc) / 0.95fyv

mm2

6
50
113
75
mm2 100
125
150
175
200
225
250

Asv /sv Link, R

sv

2.26
8
50
1.51 201
75
1.13 mm2 100
0.91
125
0.75
150
0.65
175
0.57
200
0.5
225
0.45
250

Asv /sv Link, R

sv

4.02 10
50
2.68 314
75
2.01 mm2 100
1.61
125
1.34
150
1.15
175
1.01
200
0.89
225
0.8
250

Asv /sv
6.29
4.19
3.14
2.51
2.1
1.8
1.57
1.4
1.26

Deflection
bw

=
=
=
=

b
bw/b

(span/d)basic
Clear span
Width of support :
R
L
Modification Factor for
Tension Reinforcement,
MFt
M/bd2
fs
MFt
Modification Factor for
Compression
Reinforcement, MFc

400
650
0.62 >
0.3
Rectangular Section

=
=

20
9m

=
=

0.5 m
0.5 m

0.55

(477-f s )
120 (0.9+M/bd2)

0.38
244 N/mm2
2.07

Refer Table 3.11

=
=

Allowable Ratio

=
=

41.4

16.9

(span/d)actual

Table 3.14

=
=
=

100As'prov/bd
MFc

BS 8110 : Part 1: 1997

Cl. 3.4.6.3
Table 3.9

0.00
1
(span/d)basic

<

41.4

MFt

MFc

DEFLECTION PASS!

Copy and paste

Equation 2
Equation 3

0.48
-0.19

Copy and paste

Equation 2
Equation 3

0.88
-0.4

ZASYAZ ENGINEERS SDN BHD (No. 769568-X)

No. 7-2, JALAN 2/149B, GATEWAY AVENUE, 57000
KUALA LUMPUR
TEL : 03-9057 0566, FAX: 03-9057 8566
EMAIL: zasyazconsulting@yahoo.com

PROJECT

BEAM MARK

CLIENT

MADE BY

CHECKED BY

DATE

PAGE
April-14

Design for sagging reinf.

K
=
0.009
K'
=
0.156
K > K' compression reinforcement required
=
=

d'
d
z

=
=

thus z

=
=

d'/x

66
534
d{0.5 + (0.25 - K'/0.9)}
0.78 d
415
(d-z)/ 0.45
267.00
0.25

<

0.5 d

0.45

ok
d'/x exceed 0.37, the compression stress less than0.95fy., to obtain the value in fig 2.2 of BS 8100
As'

(K-K')fcubd2 /0.95 fy(d-d')

-5311

mm2

nos.
2 of T 16

Use min steel

mm2

ok
not ok
As

K'fcubd2/095fyz + As'

1069 mm2

nos.
7 of T 32

5630 mm2

ok
not ok
Min Reinforcement

0.2%bh
=
Therefore use;
2

416 mm2

nos. of T

16

402 mm2 at top beam.

ok
not ok