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American Society of Heating, Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE)


Roger Schmidt, IBM ASHRAE Technical Committee TC 9.9

Copyright 2008, The Green Grid

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Agenda
Power trend chart ASHRAE & formation of ASHRAE TC9.9 Datacom book series Future ASHRAE TC9.9 activities

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Formation of Thermal Management Consortium in 1998

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Formed with 15 telecom equipment manufacturers Objective to address common concerns related to thermal management of data centers and telecom rooms First priority to develop and then publish a trend chart on industry power trends to aid customers in planning data centers for the future published in 1999 Second priority was to form three subgroups to address what was felt were the next key issues: Rack airflow direction/rack chilled air flow requirements Common environmental requirements Reporting of equipment heat loads

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First Publication by Consortium

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Focus of Heat Density Trends in Data Processing, Computer Systems, and Telecommunications Equipment

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Product Heat Density Trend Chart

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Participants Amdahl Cisco Compaq Cray Dell EMC HP IBM Intel Lucent Motorola Nokia Nortel Sun Unisys

Created by members of the Thermal Management Consortium on Data Center and Telecom Room Participants were from 15 major equipment manufacturers and service providers
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Copyright 2008, The Green Grid The Green Grid Technical Forum

Agenda

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Power Trend Chart Uptime ASHRAE & Formation of ASHRAE TC9.9 Datacom Book Series Future ASHRAE TC9.9 Activities

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Who We Are
Help keep indoor environments comfortable, productive and energy efficient Deliver healthy food to consumers Preserve the outdoor environment 55,000 volunteer members in 133 countries Consulting engineers, contractors, manufacturers, manufacturing representatives and architects

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ASHRAE Mission
ASHRAEs sole objective is to advance through research, standards writing, publishing & continuing education the arts & sciences of heating, ventilation, air conditioning & refrigeration to serve the evolving needs of the public.

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Standards
ASHRAE has 130 standard and guideline project committees that establish recommended design and operation practice One of only five standards-developing organizations in the U.S. that can self-certify that its standards have followed American National Standards Institutes (ANSI) standards development procedures.

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Technical Committees

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ASHRAE has some 110 technical committees that drive the ASHRAE research program, develop standards, sponsor the technical program at ASHRAE meetings, develop technical articles, special publications and educational courses and write the ASHRAE Handbook.

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Technical Committee Sections

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Section 1.0 Fundamentals and General Section 2.0 Environmental Quality Section 3.0 Materials and Processes Section 4.0 Load Calculations and Energy Requirements Section 5.0 Ventilation and Air Distribution Section 6.0 Heating Equipment, Heating and Cooling Systems and Applications Section 7.0 Building Performance Section 8.0 Air Conditioning and Refrigeration System Components Section 9.0 Building Applications Section 10.0 Refrigeration Systems

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Technical Committees related to DC


TC 1.9 Electrical Systems TC 1.10 Cogeneration Systems TC 1.11 Electric Motors and Motor Control TC 2.3 Gaseous Air Contaminants and Gas Contaminant Removal Equipment Equipment TC 2.4 Particulate Air Contaminants and Particulate Contaminant Removal Equipment TC 2.6 Sound and Vibration Control TC 2.8 Building Environmental Impacts and Sustainability TC 4.1 Load Calculation Data and Procedures TC 4.2 Climatic Information TC 4.3 Ventilation Requirements and Infiltration TC 4.4 Energy Calculations TRG4 Sustainable Building Guidance and Metrics TC 5.3 Room Air Distribution TC 5.5 Air to Air Energy Recovery TC 5.6 Evaporative Cooling TC 6.9 Thermal Storage TC 7.4 Building Operation Dynamics TC 7.5 Smart Building Systems TC 7.6 Systems Energy Utilization TC 8.6 Cooling Towers and Evaporative Condensers 12
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Governmental Programs
ASHRAEs government affairs program provides a critical link between ASHRAE members and government through contributing technical expertise and policy guidance to Congress and the Executive branch. Current priorities include energy efficiency; building codes; science, technology, engineering and mathematics education; indoor environmental quality; and building security.

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Why ASHRAE for Energy Conservation?


ASHRAE developed the first energy conservation standard in the U.S. at request of the federal government during the 1970s energy crisis Standard 90.1 now serves as the national reference for state commercial building energy codes through the U.S. Energy Policy Act ASHRAE continues to provide a wealth of technical and engineering information, including Standard 90.1, to help engineers reduce energy use ASHRAE has a long history in energy conservation and is committed to economic energy-efficiency standards and advanced guidance
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Challenges
Establish carbon-neutral buildings by the year 2030

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Design buildings that use substantially less energy, reduce greenhouse gas emissions and create spaces that are healthy and comfortable Many high-performance buildings exist today that exceed minimum energy requirements by over 50 percent yet aggressive research and development needed to achieve feasible, cost-effect net-zeroenergy buildings

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Factors at Play
How exactly do we define net-zero? Net-zero-energy buildings cannot be achieved by energy efficiency alone renewable energy applications must be applied Standard 90.1 only influences the design of new buildings actual performance of occupied building depends on many operating and maintenance factors. Measured data is essential to verify performance

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How Will We Do It?


Standards Research Special Publications

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Formation of ASHRAE TC9.9 Committee in 2002


Objective to continue work by thermal management consortium and to achieve a broad audience directly impacted by Datacom environment Started as TG9.HDEC High Density Electronic Equipment Facility Cooling Organizational meeting held at the ASHRAE annual meeting in June, 2002 Evolved into a technical committee TC9.9 Mission Critical Facilities, Technology Spaces & Electronic Equipment First ASHRAE publication by this committee Thermal Guidelines for Data Processing Environments carrying on the issues raised by the Thermal Management Consortium

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Overview of ASHRAE Technical Committee TC9.9


Title: Mission Critical Facilities, Technology Spaces, & Electronic Equipment Mission Statement To be recognized amongst all areas of the datacom industry as the unbiased engineering leader in HVAC & an effective provider of technical datacom information. Scope All datacom facilities: datacom stands for data processing & communication facilities. It includes rooms or closets used for communication, computers, or electronic equipment. Members, Resources, & Organization The key to success is to assemble a team of industry leaders committed to implement the mission statement & scope. Further to create a backbone or fabric of procedures & processes organized to achieve results. Taking advantage of ASHRAE's 100 years of experience, we have optimized TC 9.9s operation to meet our challenges & effectively use our resources.
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Resources - academia, datacom manufacturers, consultants, The end users. Copyright 2008, The Green Grid Green Grid Technical Forum

ASHRAE TC 9.9 - Representatives


Category Producer of Datacom (IT) Equipment End User of Datacom (IT) Equipment General Interest (consultants, agencies, etc) Total Number 64 101 42

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International Representatives (31)

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166 Organizations Represented on TC9.9


Aavid Thermalloy ABN AMRO Abu Dhabi Investment Auth. AC Corporation Active Power AG Edwards AGCM Inc. Airflow Company Alamance Regional Medical Center America Online American Power Conversion Corp Amstein Walthert Ag ANCIS Inc APC Arizona State University Arup AT&T ATIO Technologies Inc Baltimore Aircoil Company Bank of Baroda Barclays Property Services Bass Electric Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Bharti BNP Paribas BP Singapore Pte Lts Byrne Dixon Associates Carphone Warehouse Carter & Burgess, Inc. CEJ Consulting Engineers Childrens Hospital Cisco Systems Citigroup - Technology Infrastructure Colt Telecom Cooper B-Line Ltd Cray Research Inc Credit Swisse CSTechnology Cundall Danfoss Turbocor Compressors Data Aire Deerns Dell Department of Defense DLB Associates DOD Donnelley Simpson Cleary & Oehlers Dresdner Kleinwort EAS Inc. eBay Edison Electric Institute Electric Cooling Solutions Inc Electronic Data Systems Electronics, MEMS & Nanoelectronics Sys EMC Corporation Emerson Network Power Emirates Engineered Data Envirn Environmental Design Consultants Etisalat Evapco Inc Eyp Mission Critical Facilities Flomerics Inc Fluent Inc Freescale Semiconductor Fujitsu Siemens Computers Gannett Fleming GE GMAC GMAC Residential Funding Google Heapy Engineering Henderson Engineers Hewlett Packard Hewlett Packard Laboratories Hp Laborato Hitachi Ltd Housing Development Board Huawei Technologies, Ltd IBM IBM Corp MS P932 IBM Hyda /050-3 IBM India Pvt Ltd IBM Systems and Technology Group Ice Energy ICT Room Indian Oil Coporation Ltd Innovative Research, Inc Intel Intel Digital Enterprise Group Intel Technology Asia Pte Ltd ISC Dutch Police Force Isothermal Systems Reseach J & K Bank J P Morgan Chase JJA Inc Johnson Controls JP Morgan Kajima KAZ KPIT Cummins Infosystems Ltd Kris Infrastructure (P) Ltd Landry Gauthier ET Associes Larsen & Toubro Ltd Lehman Brothers Japan Inc Liebert Corp Lombardo & Assoc Lucent M Moser Associates Ltd Mallory & Evans Maunsell Consultants Microsoft Corp Minkels ICT Morgan Stanley NACO National Institutes of Heath/CIT NEMMCO Nexus NFPA Norman Disney Young Nortel Networks Northwest Airlines Oracle Corp OSIsoft Ove Arup Hong Kong Over IP Group Pty Ltd Panduit Corp PermAlert ESP Philadelphia Stock Exchange PTS Consulting Ltd Qwest Communications International Reuters Rittal RSM Moffat Rumsey Engineers Samina SBC Schnabel AG Sebesta Blomberg Associates Sentech Inc Shen Milsom Wilke Siemens Silicon Graphics Inc Snowmakers Stanford Linear Acelerator Center Star Refrigeration Ltd STG Lab Data Center Services Sun Microsystems Syska Hennessy Group Target Corporation Tate Access Floors Inc Taylor Engineering LLC Tecnaire Ltda Teradata The Pennsylvania State University Trammell Crow Company U. of Belgrade UBS University of Kansas University of Maryland US Government (overseas Facility) Verizon Wireless Vette WAHW Waterman AHW Wells Fargo Williams Furnance

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Agenda

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Power Trend Chart Uptime Formation of ASHRAE TC9.9 Datacom Book Series Future ASHRAE TC9.9 Activities

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ASHRAE Handbook Series

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Chapter 17 Data Processing and Electronic Office Areas

ASHRAE Handbook Series is the backbone resource of the HVAC Industry


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ASHRAE TC9.9 Committee


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Other Books being developed Contamination in datacom equipment center High density data centers - case studies and best practices
Source: Roger Schmidt

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Thermal Guidelines Book Overview


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Chapter 1 Introduction Chapter 2 Equipment Environment Specifications Chapter 3 Environmental Measurement Chapter 4 Equipment Placement & Airflow Patterns Chapter 5 Equipment Manufacturers Heat & Airflow Reporting People from these firms participated:
ANCIS, APC, Ceyba, Cisco, CRS, Cray, DataAire, Dell, DLB, Echelon, EMC, Engineered Refrigeration Sys, Flomercs Inc, Fujitsu, Hellmer Medved Engineers, Hitachi, HP, IBM, Innovative Research, Intel, LBNL Labs, Liebert, Lucent, Mallory & Evans, Motorola, NCR, Sun, Telecordia, Unisys, Uptime Institute
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Thermal Guidelines Book - Sample Diagrams and Tables -

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Manufacturers Equipment Specs / Facility Requirements

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Class 1 Recommended Environmental Envelope

Recommended Operating Conditions Class 1 vs. NEBS


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Power Trend Book - Overview


Chapter 1 Introduction Chapter 2 Background Chapter 3 Load Trends & their Applications Chapter 4 Air Cooling of Computer Equipment Chapter 5 Liquid Cooling of Computer Equipment Appendix A Collection of Terms Appendix B Additional Trend Chart Information / Data Appendix C Electronics, Semiconductors, Microprocessors, ITRS Appendix D Micro Macro Overview of Datacom Equipment Packaging
2005 ASHRAE TC9.9

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People from these firms participated: Alcatel, ANCIS, ATI, Cisco, Cray, DataAire, Dell, DOD, DLB, EMC, EYP, Fanniemae, Freescale, Fujitsu, Hellmer Medved Engineers, HP, IBM, Intel, LBNL Labs, Liebert, Mallory & Evans, Motorola, Nortel, Sun, Syska & Hennesey, Taylor Engineering, Uptime Institute
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Power Trends Book - Sample Graphics and Tables -

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Datacom Equipment Power Trends Log. vs. Non-Log. Y-Axis

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Data Center Considerations Overview


Part 1 Datacom Facility Basics
Chapter 1 Introduction; Chapter 2 Design Criteria; Chapter 3 HVAC Load Considerations; Chapter 4 Computer Room Cooling Overview; Chapter 5 Air Distribution; Chapter 6 Liquid Cooling

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Part 2 Other Considerations


Chapter 7 Ancillary Spaces; Chapter 8 Contamination; Chapter 9 Acoustical Noise Emissions; Chapter 10 Structural & Seismic; Chapter 11 Fire Detection & Suppression; Chapter 12 Commissioning; Chapter 13 Availability & Redundancy; Chapter 14 Energy Efficiency
People from these firms participated
ANCIS, APC, Bell South, Citigroup, Data Aire, Dell, DOD, DLB, EDS, EYP, Fannie Mae, Fluent, Fujitsu, Heapy Engineering, HP, IBM, Intel, LBNL, Liebert, Mallory & Evans, Nelson Acoustical, Nortel, Rice University, Stulz, Sun, Syska & Hennessy, Tier 4 Consulting, Wright Line
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References and Bibliography


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1.ANSI/ASHRAE 2001. Standard 127-2001. Method of testing for rating computer and data processing room unitary air conditioners. 2.ARI, 1998. ARI Standard 550/590-98. Standard for Water Chilling Packages Using the Vapor Compression Cycle. http://www.ari.org/wp/550.590-98wp.pdf . 3.ASHRAE. 1992. Standard 52.1-1992, Gravimetric and Dust-Spot Procedures for Testing Air-Cleaning Devices Used in general Ventilation for Removing Particulate Matter, Atlanta. 4.ASHRAE. 1996. ASHRAE Guideline 1-1996 The HVAC Commissioning Process, Atlanta. 5.ASHRAE. 1999. Standard 52.2-1999, Method of Testing General Ventilation Air-Cleaning Devices for Removal Efficiency by Particle Size, Atlanta. 6.ASHRAE. 2001a. ASHRAE RP-1133 - How To Verify, Validate, and Report Indoor Environmental Modeling CFD. 7.ASHRAE, 2001b. Standard 62-2001, Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality (ANSI Approved) 8.ASHRAE, 2003a. ASHRAE Handbook Applications Volume, Atlanta, GA, Chapter 17, Data Processing and Electronic Office Areas, Table 1. 9.ASHRAE, 2003b. ASHRAE Handbook Applications Volume, Atlanta, GA, Chapter 35, Energy Use and Management. 10.ASHRAE 2003c. ASHRAE Handbook, Applications Volume, Chapter 41, Supervisory Control Strategies and Optimization. 11.ASHRAE, 2003d. ASHRAE Handbook Applications Volume: Chapter 42, New Building Commissioning 12.ASHRAE 2003e. ASHRAE Handbook Applications Volume: Chapter 47, Sound and Vibration Control. 13.ASHRAE 2003f. ASHRAE Handbook Applications Volume: Chapter 49, Water Treatment 14.ASHRAE, 2003g. ASHRAE Handbook Applications Volume: Chapter 54, Seismic and Wind Restraint Design
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Liquid Cooling Book Overview


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Chapter 1 Introduction Chapter 2 Cooling Services for Equipment Cooling Systems Chapter 3 Facility Piping Architecture Chapter 4 Liquid Cooling Implementation for Datacom Equipment Chapter 5 Liquid Cooling Infrastructure Requirements for Chilled Water Systems Chapter 6 Liquid Cooling Infrastructure Requirements for Chilled Water Systems and Datacom Equipment Cooling Systems
People from these firms participated: APC, Aavid, Cray, DataAire, Dell, DLB, EYP, Hellmer Medved Engineers, HP, IBM, Intel, Liebert, Lytron, Mallory and Evans, NCR, NSA, Panduit, Rittal, Sanmina, SGI, Spraycool, Sun, Trane
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Liquid Cooling Loops within a Data Center


Liquid-Cooled Datacom Equipment defines the case where liquid must be circulated to and from the datacom equipment for operation

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Piping
Cooling Tower

Building

Datacom Equipment Center Rack


Load

CDU
Chiller

Condenser Water System (CWS)

Chilled Water System (CHWS)

Technology Cooling Systems (TCS)

Datacom Equipment Cooling System (DECS

Objective of Book describe the various liquid cooling systems that exist within a data center and how they can be connected to transfer the heat from one system to another
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Energy Efficiency Book Overview


Chapter 1 Introduction and Best Practices Summary Chapter 2 Environmental Criteria Chapter 3 Mechanical Equipment and Systems Chapter 4 Economizer Cycles Chapter 5 Air Flow Distribution Chapter 6 HVAC controls and Energy Mgmt Chapter 7 Electrical Distribution Equipment Chapter 8 Datacom Equipment Efficiency Chapter 9 Liquid Cooling Chapter 10 TCO and Energy Metrics Chapter 11 Emerging Technologies and Future Research

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Air Side Economizer


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Liquid Side Economizer

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Power Distribution
Consider distributing high voltage AC or DC power to the point of use.

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Power equipment from the highest input voltage available within its input voltage rating range Activate power management features where offered

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Structural and Vibration Guidelines for Datacom Equipment Centers - Overview


Part 1 Introduction
1. Overview of this book and ASHRAE technical committee TC9.9 2. Summary -- Best Practices

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Part 2 Building Structure


3. 4. 5. 6. Building Structures Overview New Structures Existing Structures & Additions Types of Building Structures

Part 3 Building Infrastructure


7 Building Infrastructure Overview 8 Structural Considerations for Infrastructure 9 Raised Access Floor Systems 10 Vibration Sources and Control

Part 4 Datacom Equipment


11. Shock and Vibration Testing on Datacom Equipment 12 Seismic Anchorage of Datacom Equipment 13 Analysis of Datacom Equipment and Seismic Anchorage Systems

APPENDICES Includes background material, bibliography, and glossary of terms.


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Agenda

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Power Trend Chart Uptime Formation of ASHRAE TC9.9 Datacom Book Series Future ASHRAE TC9.9 Activities

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ASHRAE NYC Meeting TC9.9 Activities


Time Room Program/Meeting Sunday 8:00 - 9:30 Transactions: High Density Cooling Issues Update 11:00 - 12:30 Transactions: Energy Efficiency and Sustainability of Datacom Facilities 12:40 - 1:20 Forum 2: Long Term Data Center Planning:The push toward net-zero energy and other considerations 5:00 - 7:00 TC9.9 Program/Research/Handbook Monday 2:15 - 9:30 TC9.9 Main Committee Meeting 2:15 5:30 Main Committee Meeting 5:30 - 7:30 Dinner 7:30 9:30 Part 1:New Proposed Recommended Environmental Envelope for Data centers/New Technologies/New Book Workshop

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Tuesday 8:30 - 10:00 Seminar 45 Javits : Energy-efficient Designs for Data centers - Oxymoron or Reality? Part 1 10:30 - 12:00 Seminar 45 Javits : Energy-efficient Designs for Data centers - Oxymoron or Reality? Part 2 1:00 - 6:00 TC9.9 Energy Workshop Part 2: New Proposed Recommended Environmental Envelope for Data Centers/New Technologies/New Book Workshop Wednesday 8:30 - 10:00 s Seminar 69 Javits : Data Centers in the Spotlight:National Energy Perspectives and Recent ASHRAE Publications - Part 1 10:30 - 12:00 Seminar 69 Javits : Data Centers in the Spotlight:National Energy Perspectives and Recent ASHRAE Publications - Part 2

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New York Conference Jan 19-23, 2008


Energy Efficiency and Sustainability of Datacom Facilities Sponsor: TC 09.09 Mission Critical Facilities, Technology Spaces and Electronic Equipment Chair: Jeff P. Trower, Member, Data Aire, Orange, CA The design approach for mission critical facilities has typically concentrated on uptime and reliability, with limited consideration toward reducing energy and improving sustainability. Yet, due to the steep growth curve in power density and the 24/7 utilization of todays data centers, enormous opportunities can be found for optimizing energy efficiency. The papers presented in this transactions session provide valuable information on methods and analysis techniques to optimize energy efficiency in data centers. 1. Electrical and Heat Load Planning: Keep Your Data Processing Environment Running (NY-08-005) Joe Prisco, Pamela Lembke and Marvin M. Misgren, IBM Corp., Rochester, MN 2. Evaporative Cooling Choices to Maximize Waterside Economizer Use in Datacom Installations (NY08-006) John W. Lane, Associate Member and Daryn Cline, Associate Member, Evapco, Inc., Taneytown, MD 3. Geothermal Heat Rejection Systems for Data Centers (NY-08-007) Dennis R. Landsberg, Ph.D., P.E., Member, L&S Energy Services, Inc., Clifton Park, NY; Doug K. McLellan, P.E., Member and Christopher W. Kurkjian, P.E., Member, EYP Mission Critical Facilities, Inc., Washington, D.C. 4. Optimizing Data Center TCO: Efficiency Metrics and an Infrastructure Cost Model (NY-08-008) Christopher G. Malone, Ph.D. and Christian L. Belady, Hewlett-Packard Co., Roseville, CA 42
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New York Conference Jan 19-23, 2008


Data Centers in the Spotlight: National Energy Perspectives and Recent ASHRAE Publications, Part 1 Sponsor: TC 09.09 Mission Critical Facilities,Technology Spaces and Electronic Equipment Chair: Jack Glass, Member, Citigroup, New York, NY Data centers are in the spotlight: Congress passed Public Law 109-431 in December 2006 and the USEPA responded with a report to Congress. The first half of this seminar examines datacom energy use from a national perspective, including viewpoints from the U.S. DOE, U.S. EPA, and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratories. The second half of the seminar provides overviews of ASHRAEs response to meeting needs in the datacom industry, including energy. The three presentations provide overviews of ASHRAE books either recently published or close to completion, with themes on the topics of energy efficiency, structural and seismic engineering, and contamination. 1. Demonstrations to Illustrate Energy Efficiency Opportunities Bill Tschudi, P.E., Member, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratories, Berkeley, CA 2. U.S. Government Programs to Advance Data Center Energy Efficiency Paul Scheihing, P.E., U.S. Department of Energy, Washington, D.C. 3. U.S. EPA Report to Congress in Response to PL 109-431 Andrew Fanara, Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C. 43
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TC9.9 Future Activities Follow ASHRAEs Emphasis on Energy Efficiency


Widening temperature/humidity bands Collaboration with Green Grid Create Liaisons with other TCs Data Center Energy Efficiency Workshops in NYS(2008) Future books being considered Cooling Technologies for Datacom Rooms Economizers for Data Centers\ Other ways of non refrigeraton cooling CFD for Data Centers Measurements for determining energy efficiency in data centers IT Facilities and Equip.Measurements and Control IT Thermal and Power Control Systems Green Tips for a data center Holistic Designs for Extreme Green Data Centers Data center measurement for determining energy usage
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ASHRAE Upcoming Conferences


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Salt Lake - June 21 25, 2008


Symposium on High Density Cooling Seminars on Benchmarking Seminars on Rack Cooling

Chicago - Jan 24 28, 2009


Symposium on High Density Cooling Seminars and forums HVAC Show

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Thank you for attending The Green Grid Technical Forum

For more information please go to www.thegreengrid.org

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