I.

T FC PROJECT
MOBILE PHONES

Team Members: AKSHAY TOMAR (130) LAKHAN (131) RITURAJ (514) ESHA AGGARWAL (515) HARSHIT SAXENA (758) SWARRNIKA AHUJA (761) TARANA CHOWDHARY (764)

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Thou who hast given so much to me, give me one more thing - a grateful heart.
-George Herbert We would like to begin by thanking our Dean, Dr. V.K. Kawatra, Hans Raj College, Delhi University. We would also like to take this opportunity to extend our heartfelt gratitude to our Lecturer, Ms. Neha Malik ; without her constant guidance and help, the making of this project would have been a difficult task, indeed. In the end, we would also like to thank the respondents who took out the time for filling our questionnaires.

HISTORY OF MOBILE PHONES

A mobile phone is a wireless handheld device that allows users to make calls and send text messages, among other features. The earliest batch of mobile phones could only make and receive calls. Todays mobile phones, however, are packed with a lot of additional features such as Web browsers, games, cameras, video players. Alexander Graham Bell invented telephone and 1878 he made the first phone call. Those phones were completely different from the devices we have today and they were neither cost effective nor handy.

1973 THE FIRST CELL PHONE

The first mobile phone developed by Motorola in 1973. It was Martin Cooper who placed the first call at AT&T Bells Labs from the streets of New York. Some of the features the first phones fundamentally lacked were: No internet No SMS No Touch Screen No GPS No Video No Camera No Music No Bluetooth

1984 NOKIA MOBIRA TALKMAN

The Phone weighed under 5 kgs and is worlds one of the first transportable phones. A car and a charger was needed to charge it. Once this model was launched, its sales created a stir in the market.

1989 Motorola MicroTac

Motorola Microtac was the smallest and lightest available phone at that time. It was released as the MicroTac Pocket Cellular Telephone. It was designed in such a way that it could fit in a shirt pocket.

1996 NOKIA 8110

Nokias first high-end phone was released in 1996 What made it different was the slider form factor. It was made to protect the keypad when kept in pocket and could downslide when in use.

1998 NOKIA 5110

Nokia 5110 was the first phone to feature the game snakes and ladders It had a face plate which allowed users to customize their mobile phone. Now mobile phones were not limited to just communication, they were more about fashion now. Nokia had jumped on a trend that started in the mobile phone accessories market.

1996 NOKIA 9000 COMMUNICATOR

The very first product of the communicator series from Nokia. It became a brand name in the series of business optimized mobile phones. On the outside, it appears just like a normal phone & opened in clamshell to access the QWERTY keyboard.

1999 NOKIA 8210

The lightest and smallest available Nokia phone at that time. Its selling point was based on the customization and design, with removable X-press on covers. This phone had the feature of speed dial in which the user can assign name to each key on keypad.

On the lower side of the phone there was an infra- red port for wireless communication.

2002 RIM BLACKBERRY 5810

In the beginning, BlackBerry's weren't actually phones. Mobile professionals who are addicted to e-mail access via their RIM BlackBerry devices can get a new fix with the companys 5810.

The reputation of the BlackBerry began to change in 2002, however, when Research In Motion released the BlackBerry 5810. They were data-only devices, used by professionals, like lawyers, who needed constant access to their e-mail. The reputation of the BlackBerry began to change in 2002, however, when Research In Motion released the BlackBerry 5810.

DIFFERENT TYPES OF (OPERATING SOFTWARE)

1996- PALM OS
Palm OS (also known as Garnet OS) is a mobile operating system initially developed by Palm Inc.

1999- S40 (NOKIA)

Nokia Officially introduced S40 OS along with Nokia 7110 It is owned and made by Nokia itself

2000- SYMBIAN
It is developed by Nokia It is used in almost 385 million devices In 2011 in came into end Symbian was the no.1 smartphone platform by market share until 2011

2002- BLACKBERRY
BlackBerry is a line of phone devices developed and designed by Research In Motion (RIM).

 The first BlackBerry smartphone was released in 1999

2007 IOS (APPLE iPHONE)

This phone completely changed the definition of a Smartphone. iPhone is a line of smartphones designed by by Apple Inc. This phone was immediately listed amongst the best inventions of 2007.

2009- BADA
BADA is an operating system for mobile devices such as smartphones and tablet computers. It is developed by Samsung Electronics.

2009- ANDROID Android is a Linux-based operating system designed primarily for touchscreen mobile devices such as smartphones and tablet computers, developed by Google in conjunction with the Open Handset Alliance. Android is a Linux-based operating system designed primarily for touchscreen mobile devices such as smartphones and tablet computers, developed by Google in conjunction with the Open Handset Alliance.

WINDOWS 8 Released on Aug 1 2012 An Microsoft product Nokia mostly uses this OS in Lumia Series

SMARTPHONES
A smart phone, is a mobile phone with more advanced computing capability and connectivity than basic feature phones. Early smart phones typically combined the features of a mobile phone with those of another popular consumer device, such as a personal digital assistant (PDA), a media player, a digital camera, or a GPS navigation unit. Modern smartphones include all of those features plus the features of a touchscreen computer, including web browsing, Wi-Fi, and 3rd-party apps and accessories. The most popular smartphones today are powered by Google's Android and Apple's iOS mobile operating systems.

FEATURES OF VARIOUS TYPES OF SMARTPHONES

FEATURES OF ANDROID
Messaging: SMS and MMS are available forms of messaging. Voice Based Feature: Voice actions for calling, texting, navigation, etc. It is the ability to talk back and read answers from Google's Knowledge Graph when queried with specific commands. Multitasking : Multitasking of applications, with unique handling of memory allocation, is available. Screen capture: Android supports capturing a screenshot by pressing the power and volume-down buttons at the same time. Video Calling: Android does not support native video calling, but some handsets have a customized version of the operating system that supports it. Multiple language support: Android supports multiple languages. Connectivity: Android supports connectivity technologies including Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, CDMA, etc. Media support: Android supports the audio/video/still media formats.

FEATURES OF APPLE iOS

iOS is the worlds most advanced mobile operating system, continually redefining what people can do with a mobile device. Safari: Browsing is bigger, better, and more beautiful with Safari in iOS. Siri: It is an intelligent personal assistant and knowledge navigator which works as an application for Apple iOS. The application uses a natural language user interface to answer questions, make recommendations, and perform actions by delegating requests to a set of Web services. Camera: Includes still and video. You can capture what you want the way you want. Fast. And new filters let you do even more with each image. Notification Center: It lets you know about new e-mails, missed calls ,etc. Multitasking: iOS delivers multitasking services that allow your apps to perform tasks in the background while preserving battery life and performance. Map Kit: Add map features directly into your app, with full support for panning and zooming, showing current location, and even highlight regions of the map and display additional information.

FUTURE SMARTPHONE CONCEPTS

We can already do a million and one things with the smart phones in our pockets, but who knows what phones will be able to do in the future. Contact lens phones, gold tooth phones, earring phones the possibilities are endless. Here at Digital Trends, were personally rooting for the eye patch phone.

NOKIA 2030
This phone was designed by Jim Chan and its pretty cool looking. It would be made of titanium and glass, and you could attach colored film to the glass to customize it. Also, it would be scratch-resistant and small, at only 2 x 4.75 x 0.25 inches and have a touchscreen. Oddly, it still has a physical phone number pad. Even with a super thin glass screen, it cant hide its age

This phone is actually coming out. This wristwatch phone is much sleeker than many other concepts that have floated through the market. This watch has a bigger screen and seemingly more versatility. Not only will it have cool features, it will be using one of the fastest processors on the market. Using the OMAP 5, this phone will let you simultaneously display three HD videos or display one on a 3D screen. This phone will have 4G, of course, and USB 3.0. It will also have 128 256GB of internal flash storage for storing your files, most likely music. The battery will last you about two days. Its also waterproof! So far, it looks like youll be spending about $550.00 on this little guy when it comes out at the end of the year

This phone would be an OLED that can bend into something that fits on your wrist. Its like the EmoPulse in that way, but it is not meant to be used while on the wrist and can be laid out flat. Certainly one of the more high-fashion designs on this list, created by Brazillian designer Dinard da Mata. Were pretty sure you could cuff someone in the face with it, if you had to, as well.

Ermahgerd, its like Star Wars or something. This is a hologram phone. Actually, its a projector phone, but it looks kind of like a hologram. Much like the projecting keyboards that currently exist, except its a wristwatch phone that projects onto your palm. This is a cool idea aesthetically and in working concept. Were not exactly sure how this phone would account for han d size, but were pretty sure any would-be developers could make some way for it to calibrate that. Designed by Samuel Lee Kwon

THERE CAN ONLY BE ONE: SMARTPHONES ARE THE PCS OF THE FUTURE

In 10 years, tablets computers will be archaic and obsolete. You will look back at the early 2000s, perhaps with an inquisitive child sitting on your knee, and laugh at how you carried around a cumbersome, neck-straining, gorilla arm-inducing, larger-thanpocket-size computer. Desktops and laptops too, having already begun their slide into outmoded antiquity, will soon be nothing more than dusty cupboard-dwelling relics and museum exhibits. The one form factor that will remain the last and only bastion of consumer computing will be the smartphone. Over the last five years, smartphones have proven that theyre immensely capable. Through the continuing miniaturization of tech and Moores law, smartphones are now almost as powerful as a desktop or laptop PC. In a few years, everything you do on your laptop today will be achievable on a smartphone. The only real argument for a larger device, such as a laptop or tablet, is the interface. As it stands, the keyboard is still the best way of inputting data, and some activities simply cant be performed on a 4-inch smartphone screen. This will change, though.

If your smartphone was your only computer. You would always have your computer with you. All of your documents, photos, games, apps, and utilities would always be in your pocket, accessible at any time. If you want to check the time or your messages, just glance down; if you want to watch a TV show on the train, or edit a photo, just flip down your high-resolution HUD.

If everyone carries a smartphone, then the power of ubiquity kicks in. If third parties can assume that everyone carries a smartphone, imagine the potential applications its effectively the same thing as wearable computing, a dream that has haunted us for decades. You could use your smartphone as a passport, or as a credit card.

Your smartphone could track your movements, and then pass the data off to commercial apps, or helpful services Docking stations - If you do need a large screen, a keyboard and mouse, and some nice speakers, then you can simply plug your smartphone into a docking station. You could have a docking station at home, in the office, at the airport, and they might even be dotted around town. With the high throughput of 60GHz wireless networks, a physical docking station might not even be required. As a corollary, of course, an atomic computing platform would also give hardware and software makers a laser focus on just one primary form factor. Spurred by increasing power costs, ecology, a worldwide love affair with mobile computing, and very limited battery capacities, we are already seeing a global shift from faster to smaller and more efficient. If smartphones became the singular consumer-oriented computer, this effect would be dramatically magnified. Chip makers would be able to specifically target smartphones.

SURVEY AND GRAPHICAL PRESENTATION

Students enrolled with Hans Raj College coming under the age group of 16 to 22 years constitute the population of the survey and the sample we chose included 50 students of the said college. Some of the data is collected face to face filling of questionnaire while others filled the questionnaire online.

Do you know what a smart phone is?

YES 45 NO 5

NO 10%

YES 90%

INFERENCE:
Almost all of the respondents were aware about the basic features of smart phones. They, at least at the basic level, did know about the distinctive features of smart phones which distinguish them from ordinary phones. The awareness level is commendable and shows how popular smart phones are amongst the youth.

Do you use any smart phone?

YES 45 NO 5

NO 10%

YES 90%

INFERENCE:
45 out of 50 people from the selected sample (who knew about smart phones) even had a smart phone. 7 of them used more than 1 smart phone. This indicates that smart phones are quite affordable for the middle class people as well as the easily accessible in the market. Also, their popularity amongst the youth is again highlighted.

Your current phone was recommended by:

RETAILER 5 FRIEND 15 FAMILY 27 SOCIAL MEDIA 2 OWN RESEARCH 1

RETAILER

FRIEND

FAMILY

SOCIAL MEDIA

OWN RESEARCH

4% 2%

10%

30%

54%

INFERENCE
The responses to this question suggest that recommendations by family, friends and retailers are usually considered. Social media marketing and online advertisements are least effective in gaining a large consumer base for smart phones.

How long ago did you purchase it?

5-2 YEARS AGO 10 2-1 YEARS AGO 15 12-6 MONTHS AGO 9 6-1 MONTHS 14 4-1 WEEKS AGO 2

4-1 WEEKS AGO 4%

6-1 MONTHS 28%

5-2 YEARS AGO 20% 2-1 YEARS AGO 30%

12-6 MONTHS AGO 18% INFERENCE

Most of the respondents claim to have bought the phones they use within the last 2 years. This could be indicative of a trend to change the mobile phones according to the modern technological advancements happening in smart phones. The newer phones are much more lucrative and affordable than the older ones.

Do you intend to buy a smart phone in the coming year?

YES 35 NO 15

NO 30%

YES 70%

INFERENCE
The attractiveness of smart phones and their necessity in the modern times is well reflected in the responses that we got to this question. With the technological upgrades in the newer smart phones, they have become even more popular and worth buying.

Which operating system do you prefer?

IOS 3 WINDOWS 13 ANDROID 33 OTHERS 1

OTHERS 2% IOS 6% WINDOWS 26%

ANDROID 66%

INFERENCE
According to the responses to this question, Android remains the most sought after operating system because of its likeable features and excellent usage. The smart phones with IOS operating systems remain out of attainability for most people because of their high prices. The most commonly used operating system remains to be android, which encompasses a wide price range with its several versions.

For what reason will you change your phone?

DEFUNCT PHONE 15 OLD MODEL 5 UNPOPULAR BRAND 5 NON SMART PHONE 15 DOES NOT APPLY 10

DOES NOT APPLY 20%

DEFUNCT PHONE 30%

NON SMART PHONE 30%

UNPOPULAR BRAND 10%

OLD MODEL 10%

INFERENCE
Most people surveyed believe that one should change her/his phone and switch to smart phone if its not already being used. In case the person is already using a smart phone, the major reason for changing it its being defunct.

How much are you willing to spend on a smart phone?

Rs. 5,000Rs. 10,000 14 Rs. 10,000Rs. 15,000 4 Rs. 15,000Rs. 20,000 9 Rs. 20,000Rs. 25,000 14 Rs. 25,000Rs. 30,000 4 Rs. 30,000Rs. 35,000 2 Rs. 35,000Rs. 40,000 2 ABOVE Rs. 40,000 1

Rs. 5,000- Rs. 10,000 Rs. 20,000- Rs. 25,000 Rs. 35,000- Rs. 40,000

Rs. 10,000- Rs. 15,000 Rs. 25,000- Rs. 30,000 ABOVE Rs. 40,000 2% 4% 4%

Rs. 15,000- Rs. 20,000 Rs. 30,000- Rs. 35,000

8%

28%

28%

8%

18%

INFERENCE
The most desirable smart phones in accordance with their price compatibility with their utility seem to be Rs.15,000-Rs.25,000. Samsung galaxy grand and Nokia Lumia are the most popular smart phones within the range.

What do you use your smart phone for?

WORK/ REPORTS 30 ENTERTAINMENT/ GAMES 35 EMAIL 30 SOCIAL MEDIA 45 VIDEO/VOICE CALLING APPS 10 LISTENING TO MUSIC 25 PHOTOGRAPHY 20 OTHER 5

PHOTOG RAPHY 10% LISTENIN G TO MUSIC 13% VIDEO/V OICE CALLING APPS 5% INFERENCE SOCIAL MEDIA 22%

OTHER WORK/ 3% REPORTS 15% ENTERTAI NMENT/ GAMES 17% EMAIL 15%

The most appealing features of smart phones seem to be the social media apps as well as entertainment and games sections. Ease of social networking is also what makes smart phones more appealing. These are the majorly the features because of which people buy smart phones.

How frequently do you use it?

RARELY 5 SOMETIMES 5 OFTEN 10 ALMOST ALWAYS 30

RARELY 10%

SOMETIM ES 10%

ALMOST ALWAYS 60%

OFTEN 20%

INFERENCE
People using smart phones use them almost always. This shows that variety of needs which can be met using them, for which they are often used. Also, smart phones are very addictive.

What do you consider important when choosing a smart phone?

FUNCTIONALITY NAME OF BRAND CONNECTIVITY PRICE OPERATING SYSTEM STORAGE BATTERY LIFE DATA TRANSFER APPLICATIONS SIZE DESIGN COLOR EASE OF USE BLUETOOTH GPS CAMERA RESOLUTION FEATURERICH MUSIC PLAYING 35 30 20 40 35 15 30 20 35 15 20 10 15 15 10 35 5 15

DURABILITY MUSIC PLAYING 5% FEATURE-RICH 1% 4%

OTHERS 1%

GPS 2% BLUETOOTH 4%

CAMERA RESOLUTION 8%

FUNCTIONALITY 8% NAME OF BRAND 7%

CONNECTIVITY 5%

EASE OF USE 4% COLOR 2%

PRICE 9%

DESIGN 5% 4% APPLICATIONS SIZE 8%

OPERATING SYSTEM 8%

BATTERY LIFE 7%

STORAGE 4%

DATA TRANSFER 5%

INFERENCE
The wide variety of features that smart phones have almost equal appeal in different people, since they cater to different needs.

Would you prefer a phone that has the same operating system as your computer?
YES 35 NO 15

NO 30%

YES 70%

INFERENCE
Keeping in mind the ease of connectivity of gadgets operating on the same system, most people prefer their computers and mobiles to run on the same operating system.

How does owning a smart phone affect the likelihood of you bringing your laptop, tablet, or netbook to campus/workplace?
MORE LIKELY 10 LESS LIKELY 29 DOES NOT CHANGE LIVELIHOOD 10 DOES NOT APPLY 1

DOES NOT APPLY 2% DOES NOT CHANGE LIVELIHOOD 20%

MORE LIKELY 20%

LESS LIKELY 58%

INFERENCE
Since some features which are necessary for academic purposes or make such work easy are available only on laptops, tablets etc., Students dont find them perfectly substitutable by smart phones.

Do you think smart phones will eventually replace laptops? CAN'T SAY 10

YES 25

NO 15

CAN'T SAY 20% YES 50% NO 30%

INFERENCE
Most people surveyed were of the opinion that smart phones would eventually replace laptops owing to the rapid technological advancements in smart phones coming up these days.

ANALYSIS OF DATA
Following is the frequency distribution of data that we collected. A total of 50 respondents were surveyed, whose responses have been recorded in the following table. Options A, B, C, D, E, F, and G are the choices of the respondents from question 1 to 14 of the questionnaire drafted. Frequency distribution of responses to question 9 and 11 are unavailable as the respondents could select more than one options in response to these question.

QUESTION NO. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

OPTION A 45 45 5 10 35 3 15 14

OPTION B 5 5 15 15 15 13 5 4

OPTION C

OPTION D

OPTION E

OPTION F

OPTION G

27 9

2 14

1 2

33 5 9

1 15 4 10 2 2 1

NOT APPLICABLE 5 5 10 30

NOT APPLICABLE 35 10 25 15 29 15 10 10 NOT APPLICABLE 1

CONCLUSION FROM THE SURVEY

We learnt that the awareness level about smart phones in the youth is quite high. Almost everyone knows how it is distinguishable from ordinary phones. Awareness level about the most popular apps like WhatsApp, WeChat, etc. is quite high too. Most students surveyed used at least one smart phone as they are affordable by the middle class people and easily accessible from the market. They are becoming more popular now because of technological advancements coming up regularly. Currently, the most popular phones are Samsung grand, Nokia Lumia and Samsung Galaxy because of their excellent features which suit their prices. The preferences for the phones depend largely on what family and friends recommend to be used. Social media portrays quite a lot of smart phones as equivalent and competent with each other, which is why it isn't a very effective way to advertise smart phones. The most sought after technological distinctions in smart phones are networking apps which make socializing a cakewalk. Such apps like WhatsApp, etc. are used by almost every other person. Most people believe that for students, laptops cannot be replaced by smart phones as they lack some essentialities for academic work. The screen size and ease of typing still lets laptops be more useful for academic purposes. However, they believe that with time smart phones would get more advanced and might eventually replace laptops and tablets altogether.

BIBLIOGRAPHY:
www.wikipedia.com Google Images www.knowyourmobile.com

THANK YOU