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INDEX
Sl.No
PARTICULARS
INTRODUCTION
SUGGESTION
CONCLUSION
REGRESSION: Regression analysis is a statistical technique for estimating the relationships among variables. It includes many techniques for modelling and analyzing several variables, when the focus is on the relationship between a dependent variable and one or more independent variables. More specifically, regression analysis helps one understand how the typical value of the dependent variable changes when any one of the independent variables is varied, while the other independent variables are held fixed. Most commonly, regression analysis estimates the conditional expectation of the dependent variable given the independent variables that is, the average value of the dependent variable when the independent variables are fixed. Less commonly, the focus is on a quantile, or other location parameter of the conditional distribution of the dependent variable given the independent variables. In all cases, the estimation target is a function of the independent variables called the regression function. In regression analysis, it is also of interest to characterize the variation of the dependent variable around the regression function, which can be described by a probability distribution.
Regression analysis is widely used for prediction and forecasting, where its use has substantial overlap with the field of machine learning. Regression analysis is also used to understand which among the independent variables are related to the dependent variable, and to explore the forms of these relationships. In restricted circumstances, regression analysis can be used to infer causal relationships between the independent and dependent variables. However this can lead to illusions or false relationships, so caution is advisable. See correlation does not imply causation. A large body of techniques for carrying out regression analysis has been developed. Familiar methods such as linear regression and ordinary least squares regression are parametric, in that the regression function is defined in terms of a finite number of unknown parameters that are estimated from the data. Nonparametric regression refers to techniques that allow the regression function to lie in a specified set of functions, which may be infinite-dimensional. The performance of regression analysis methods in practice depends on the form of the data generating process, and how it relates to the regression approach being used. Since the true form of the data-generating process is generally not known, regression analysis often depends to some extent on making assumptions about this process. These assumptions are sometimes testable if a large amount of data is available. Regression models for prediction are often useful even when the assumptions are moderately violated, although they may not perform optimally. However, in many applications, especially with small effects or questions of causality based on observational data, regression methods give misleading results.
TELECOM INDUSTRY Indian telecom industry underwent a high pace of market liberalization and growth since 1990s and now has become the world's most competitive and one of the fastest growing telecom markets. The Industry has grown over twenty times in just ten years, from under 37 million subscribers in the year 2001 to over 846 million subscribers in the year 2011 India has the world's second-largest mobile phone user base with over 929.37 million users as of May 2012. It has the world's third-largest Internet user-base with over 137 million as of June 2012. The total revenue of the Indian telecom sector grew by 7% to 283,207 crore (US$53.53 billion) for 201011 financial year, while revenues from telecom equipment segment stood at 117,039 crore (US$22.12 billion).
Telecommunication has supported the socio-economic development of India and has played a significant role to narrow down the rural-urban digital divide to some extent. It also has helped to increase the transparency of governance with the introduction of e-governance in India. The government has pragmatically used modern telecommunication facilities to deliver mass education programmes for the rural folk of India.
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ANALYSIS
1. GENDER:
Sl.No 1 2 Particulars Male Female Frequency 20 20 Percentage 50% 50%
Gender Details
25 20 20 20
15
10
0 Male Female
Table 1 Gender
INFERENCE:
From the above table and graph we can understand that 50% of the respondents are Male and 50% of the respondents are Female. So the both respondents are equal.
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2. ANNUAL INCOME:
Sl.No 1 2 3 4
Particulars Less than 2 lakhs 2 lakhs to 5 lakhs 5 lakhs to 10 lakhs Above 10 lakhs
Frequency 5 15 10 9
INFERENCE:
From the above table and graph, The customers income level is varying across four major income groups, with 12.5% of population with less than 2 lakhs annual income, 37.5% ranging between 2 to 5 Lakhs, 25% of population have income more than 5 lakhs and about 22.5% of customer have more than 10 lakhs income.
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INFERENCE:
From the above table and graph, the customer cell phone usage curve varies broadly among three percentage groups with person using cell phone for maximum of 36 months by 25 % customers, 24 months by 42.5 % customers and minimum of 12 months by 32.5 %. Since mobile is a gadget customers use it for one year in minimum
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4. CELLULAR OPERATOR:
Sl.No 1 2 3 4 5
Frequency 10 7 10 8 4
Favorite Operator
12 10 10 8 8 7 10
6 4 4
INFERENCE:
The above table and graph gives the list of cellular phone operators with their market shares. Vodafone making a 10% of the total market followed by Airtel with 10%, Aircel with 8% and 7% by BSNL and 4 % are Others small operators.
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5. MOBILE CONNECTION:
Sl.No 1 2 Particulars Pre-paid Post-paid Frequency 21 19 Percentage 52.5% 47.5%
Connection type
21.5 21 21 20.5 20 19.5 19 19 18.5 18 Pre-paid Post-paid
INFERENCE:
From the above graph, 21% of the cell phone user population prefer pre-paid connection and 19 % are post-paid connection.
Purpose of usage
25 22 20
15
13
10
4 1
INFERENCE:
From the above table, we can infer that the study shows the basic purpose for which the cellular phones are used amongst the various customers, the persons use to keep in touch with friends and family are up to 55% and people using for business are 22.25%, only for emergency purpose accounts to just 10% and 2.5% of customers use it for other purpose.
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7. MONTHLY EXPENDITURE:
Sl.No 1 2 3 4 Expenditure Less than Rs. 500 Rs 500 to 1000 Rs 1000 to 2000 Greater than Rs. 2000 Frequency 15 15 8 2 Percentage 37.5% 37.5% 20% 5%
Monthly Expenditure
16 14 12 10 8 8 6 4 2 2 0 Less than Rs. 500 Rs 500 to 1000 Rs 1000 to 2000 Greater than Rs. 2000 15 15
INFERENCE:
The above given table, the monthly expenditure for cell phone among the respondents, those customers who spend less than Rs. 500 and customers with expenditure ranging from 500 to 1000 accounts for 37.5 % and those customer who spend more than Rs. 1000 to 2000 accounts about 20 % and customers above Rs.2000 are only 5%
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8. MOBILE RECHARGES:
Sl.No 1 2 3 4 Particulars Self Parents Company Others Frequency 17 15 7 1 Percentage 42.5% 37.5% 17.5% 2.5%
Mobile charges
18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 Self Parents Company Others 1 7 17 15
INFERENCE:
The given above table, we can conclude that the source of mobile charges are paid, by themselves by 42.5 % by parents 37.5%, for those who company pays their mobile bill is by 17.5% and others by 2.5%.
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Sl.No 1 2 3 4
Frequency 3 10 20 7
SMS
25 20 20
15 10 10 7 5 3
INFERENCE:
The given above table, Profiling the customer based on their SMS usage are 7.5% were Not aware, 25% never used, 50%have recently used and 17.5% of the them have used this service occasionally.
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B) VOICE MAIL
Sl.No 1 2 3 4
Frequency 2 20 11 7
Voice-mail
25
20 20
INFERENCE:
The given above table, surveying the customer based on their voice-mail usage a 5% are Not aware ,50%, never used , 27.5% have used recently and 17.5% of the them have occasionally used this service.
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C) RING TONE
Sl.No 1 2 3 4
Frequency 2 5 25 8
Ring tone
30 25 25
20
15
10 5 5 2 0
INFERENCE:
The given above table, we can understand the customer using ring tone download usage are 5 % Not aware 28.33% ,12.5 %never used and 62.5% of the them have used the service recently and 20 % have occasionally used .
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D) GPRS SERVICE
Sl.No 1 2 3 4
Frequency 1 9 12 18
GPRS service
20 18 18 16 14 12 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 Not Aware Never Used Recently Used Occasionally Used 1 9
INFERENCE:
The given above table, the customer using on their GPRS Service usage are 2.5% are Not aware 22.5% have never used it and 21.67% and 30% of the them have used this service recently and 45 % have used it occasionally.
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Sl.No 1 2 3 4
Frequency 1 15 10 14
STD/ISD
16 14 12 10 10 8 6 4 2 0 Not Aware Never Used Recently Used Occasionally Used 1 15 14
INFERENCE:
The given above table, surveying the customer about their STD/ISD usage, 2.5% are Not aware, 37.5% have never used, 25 % have recently used and 20% have occasionally used. .
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F) MMS
Sl.No 1 2 3 4
Frequency 3 17 10 10
MMS
18 16 14 12 10 10 8 6 4 2 0 Not Aware Never Used Recently Used Occasionally Used 3 10 17
Table 8 f) - MMS
INFERENCE:
The given above table, the customer based on their MMS usage are 7.5 % are Not aware, 42.5% have never used 25% have used it recently and occasionally used this service.
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G) RADIO
Sl.No 1 2 3 4
Frequency 4 10 12 14
Radio
16 14 14 12 12 10 10 8 6 4 4 2 0 Not Aware Never Used Recently Used Occasionally Used
Table 8 g) - Radio
INFERENCE:
The given above table, the customer survey based on their Radio usage are 10% are Not aware, 25% have never used, 30% have recently used and 35% of them are using it occasionally.
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H) INTERNET
Sl.No 1 2 3 4
Frequency 5 8 12 15
Internet
16 14 12 12 10 8 8 6 4 2 0 Not Aware Never Used Recently Used Occasionally Used 15
Table 8 h) - Internet
INFERENCE:
The given above table, we can infer that the customer survey based on their Internet usage are 12.5% were Not aware 25% have never used 22.5% have recently used and 47.5 % have used occasionally.
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Sl.No 1 2
Particulars Yes No
Frequency 22 18
Percentage 55 % 45 %
Cost of Service
25 22 20 18
15
10
0 Yes No
INFERENCE:
The above given table, the customers those who are willing to use the services if the mobile company reduces the cost is reduced accounts to 55% and those dont bother to use the service even if the cost is reduced account to 45%.
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Sl.No 1 2 3 4 5
Frequency 10 7 10 3 10
Internet usage
12 10 10 10 10
8 7 6
4 3 2
INFERENCE: Different purpose for the usage of internet are for watching movies which is of 25% ,those looking for news accounts to 17.5% , those who use for stock 25% for weather 7.5% and those who update about sports are 25%
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CORRELATION ANALYSIS
Correlation is the statistical tool used in this Analysis. Five interpretations are done to show the correlation between them.
1. SMS & VOICE-MAIL:
Not Aware 3 2
Never Used 10 20
Recently Used 20 11
Occasional Used 7 7
SMS
25 20 20
Voice-Mail
20
15 10 10 7 5 3 7 11
Table 12 Correlation between SMS & Voice Mail The Correlation value is r= (0.4523)
INFERENCE:
Since, correlation value is positive, so there is a weak positive correlation between SMS & Voice-Mail.
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Not Aware 6 1
Never Used 10 9
Recently Used 9 12
Occasional Used 15 18
Internet
20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 Not Aware Never Used 1 6 10 9
GPRS System
18 15 12 9
Recently Used
Occasional
r= (0.9323)
INFERENCE:
Since, correlation value is positive, so there is a very strong positive correlation between Internet & GPRS System.
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Not Aware 1 1
Never Used 15 9
Recently Used 10 12
Occasional Used 14 18
STD/ISD
20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 Not Aware Never Used 1 1 9 15
GPRS System
18
14 12 10
Recently Used
Occasional
INFERENCE:
Since, correlation value is positive, so there is a strong positive correlation between STD/ISD & GPRS System.
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Not Aware 4 6
Never Used 10 10
Recently Used 12 9
Occasional Used 14 15
Internet
16 14
Radio
15 14 12
INFERENCE:
Since, correlation value is positive, so there is a strong positive correlation between Internet & Radio.
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Not Aware 3 3
Never Used 17 10
Recently Used 10 20
Occasional Used 10 7
MMS
25
SMS
20 20 17 15 10 10 7 5 10 10
INFERENCE:
Since, correlation value is positive, so there is a weak positive correlation between MMS & SMS.
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SUGGESTION:
Different Cellular Operators use different schemes of SMS, Voicemail, GPRS/3G, MMS, Radio, Roaming, STD/ISD, Ringtone download. Customers of various operators have different charges for different value added services and depending upon the customers income, they use that particular service. If the charges of this value added service is reduced, more number of customers will start using all these services.
CONCLUSION:
Thus, few variables are highly dependent on other variables each as they have been projected by the strong positive correlation using correlation as a tool and it will have a huge and easy scope for market segmenting and targeting.
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MOBILE STATISTICS
1) Name : 2) Gender : 3) Annual house hold income : a) <2 lakhs b ) 2-5 lakhs c) 5-10 lakhs c ) above 10 lakhs 4) Usage pattern : 5) How long have you been using your cell phone? ------------ Years ----------- months
6) Your cellular network operator a) Vodafone b) Reliance c) Airtel 7) Type of connection : a) Prepaid b) Post-paid
d) BSNL
e) others
8) What do you use the cell phone for: a) Business b) Keeping in touch with family and friends d) Others (please specify) 9) Monthly expenditure on your mobile connection a) Less than Rs. 500 b) Rs.500 1000 C) Rs. 1000- 2000 d) Rs.2000 and above 10) Mobile charges are paid by a) Self b) company c) parents 11) Value Added Service Services SMS Voice Mail Ringtones & Downloads News & Cricket Update Not Aware Never Used
c) Emergency
Recently Used
Frequently Used
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12) Reasons for not using some of above service: a) Not aware b ) Too Expensive c) complicated d) No utility or No time e) Other Reasons 13) Would you use the above service more frequently if they were free? a) Yes b ) No
14) Kindly Tick info services that you would be interested in a) Movies b) Sports c) Stocks d) News e) Weather
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