Ex/FP/2/XIII/78/2011

B ACHELOR OF SCIENCE F INAL EXAMINATION, 2011

( 3rd Year 2nd Semester )

P HYSICS P APER - H - 13
Time : Two Hours Full Marks - 50

Use Separate Answer-Script for each Group (25 marks for each Group) Group - A Answer any Five questions : 1. 2. Draw alpha and beta spectrum. Why do they differ? It is difficult to detect neutrino Why? detected? 3. What do you mean by binding energy of a nucleus? Show the variation of binding energy per nucleous with mass no. Explain the significance of its different portions. 4.
11 5B

5x5=25

How it can be

(, n)

14 7 N

What does it mean? Calculate the mass of

neutron (in Mev) from the following data.

11 5 B=11.013

amu ,

14 7 N = 14.007

4 amu, 2 He = 4.004 amu

[ Turn over

- 2 Kinetic Enegry :
n=2.139 MeV
4 2 He =

- 5 14 7N=

5.250 MeV ,

3.260 MeV ,

b)

Calculate Lande 'g' factor for the ground state of Fe3+ ion. 1+1+1+2

5.

What is the basic difference between a Nuclear reactor fission and a nuclear fission bomb. Explain with example the action of Moderator and control rods in a fission reactor.

15.

Using Weiss molecular field theory show that ferromagnetic system follows Curie-Weiss law in the paramagnetic region. 5

6.

Why both electric and magnetic fields are used in a cyclotron? Show that the frequency of the rf-oscillator necessary for accelarating a a charged particle in a cyclotron is given by
f= Bq 2 m

symbols have their usual meaning. 7. Indicate the difference between a proportional counter and a G. M. Counter. Explain the terms : dead time and recovery time. 8. Write note on any one : i) ii) Neutron discovery Cloud chambers

- 4 11. a) Show that for a 1-dimensional ionic crystal of MX type, having a lattice parameter 'a', the Madelung constant, A = 2 In 2. Given that : ln ( l + x ) = x b) x2 x3 x4 + + + ... 2 3 4 9. a)

- 3 Group - B Answer any Five questions Assuming the primitive translation vectors, show that the reciprocal lattice of a simple cubic lattice is also a simple cubic lattice. b) The adjacent diagram represents the unit cell of a 2dimensional direct lattice is also a simple cubic lattice. Calculate the primitive translation vectors of the reciprocal lattice and draw the corresponding unit cell in the reciprocal space. 3A+1A

Explain why the electronic specific heat associated with a free electron gas is negligibly small.

12.

Consider a particular energy band, which is filled with electrons up to the value k = k . Show that ther effective number of 1 free electrons in the band is direcly proportional to the slope of

dE the E k diagram . Also discuss the significance of dk k=k 1

this result. 13. Explain the formation of depletion region in a forward biased p-n junction using the equilibrium energy-band scheme. 14. a) 5 10.

Consider a paramagnetic system whose number of particles per unit volume is 'n' and '' be the magnetic moment of each particle. What is the value of saturation magnetization according to Classical (Langevin) theory? How does it differ from that obtained using the quantum mechanical theory and why?

According to Debye's model of solids, the total internal energy

T is given by E = 9NkT D
3 XD

x3 e 1
x

dx where x =

hv and kT

hvD , is the Debye temperature. Show that : (a) at high k temperatures, Debye's model leads to the Dulong-Petit's law D =
(b) at low temperatures, it leads to C V T3 .

[ Turn over