31 - Well Design Workflow

Well Design Workflow
Copyright 2009, NExT, All rights reserved
Objectives
At the end of this training session, you should be able to:
List and Describe the 3 phases of the well design process

State the 7 Design Modules of the Well Design phase
Describe the 7 Design Modules
Explain what we monitor in the Execution phase Explain why we evaluate performance in the Evaluation phase
Outline
3 Phases of the drilling engineering process
Phase 1: Well Design

Design Modules

Phase 2: Well Execution Phase 3: Well Evaluation Summary
Engineering Process
Phases
Evaluate
Design
Execute
Phase 1: Well Design
Key Elements of Well Design

Standards, Policies and Procedures DE responsibility to adherence for delivery Engineering Standards (API) Policy manuals
casing design well control surveying including anti-collision
Procedure manual or guidelines

drilling operations directional
Well Design Process Flowchart

Well Design Flowchart
Obtain special data for field
Data transfer procedure This phase of the process is data acquisition and validation from the client. There must be a record maintained of this transfer to Schlumberger Cementing Design Cementing programme
Input & validate data sets
Select TOC for each hole section from LOF basis
Get specialist contractor to formulate recipes Determine volumes preflush, spacer and cements then produce pumping schedule
Obtain lithology, fracture and pore pressure data
Data transfer procedure
Input & validate data sets
Completed Well Design

Yes
Determine TOTC for isolation purposes
Obtain well requirements
Data transfer procedure
Input & validate

No
T&D, Casing Wear and Hydraulic study OK?
Drilling system design
Drillstring and BHA
Select bit and system combination
Bit/BHA strategy with drillstring
Design Casing No Pressure containment? No Yes
There must be design standards for : Conductor Surface Casing Intermediate Casings Production Casing Production Liners
Trajectory Design
Survey Programme Design Yes
Design BHA details to give required DLS
Design Drillstring
Select Hole Sizes to deliver Casing Design
Surface Collision Risk ? No No No
Yes
Well life considerations ? Yes
Determine profile constraints: surface reservoir wellbore stability
Can better Survey Programme remove risk?
Drilling Fluid
Are all well positional requirements met? Well drilling plan
Confirm legislation requirements
MW and Friction Factors
Trajectory Design
Well Plan Well Plots
Select MW from pore pressure and wellbore stability
Drilling Fluid programme
Well Design Process

Start 1 Data Gathering & Validation Finish
Complete Well Design
Cementing Design
2 Casing Design
Re-iterate if needed
Drilling System Design
Trajectory Design
Survey Programme
5 Drilling Fluids
Design Module 1
Data Gathering
Requires checklists Requires client confirmation Requires SLB QA
Key Elements of Data Gathering

Data gathering and validation

checklist with client to gather data consistently review results with client to confirm demonstration of data used is vital to QA/QC process
DE Checklists Planning checklists Positional accuracy Internal sign off
Design Module 2
Casing Design
Safety critical Process must be formally recorded in a Basis of Design Engineering involvement through Kick simulations, casing wear affect on pressure ratings, running (T&D) and casing flotation
Key Elements of Casing Design

Casing Design (including couplers)

Size range available with delivery times Structural to take wellhead and environmental loads Surface aquifer isolation to prevent pollution Pressure containment Kick tolerance Metallurgy Bending loads Wear allowance Burst / Collapse / Tensile safety factors
Design Module 3
Trajectory Design
Well Plans produced according to a design process Basis of Design document detailing why selections have been made. Record of learning incorporated into BoD
Key Elements of Trajectory Design

Trajectory Design
Surface collision avoidance Dogleg limitations Formation responses Reservoir orientation and placement Availability of tools to deliver profile ???
Well Surveying and AC Policy

Applies globally to all aspects of Survey Management

Includes survey data and database management Geometric well trajectory planning Survey Quality assurance
It will be strictly followed except in the case where:

An established client policy with a higher safety threshold exists and is implemented Where a written exemption is granted by the appropriate authority
Policy Responsibilities
Local Engineering manager

Responsibility for all well design activity, including SM Responsible for technical integrity of any well design Primary sign off authority
Line Management
Ultimate accountability Final signature on the well plan
Mandatory for final well design delivered to client, sign off by:
Originator, DEC sign-off authority, D&M line mgt, client
Classification of Well Types

Trajectory Planning Design

All wells classified as either single or nearby wells
After global scan of definitive database if no other well within 30,000 meters of its surface location
Treat as a single well
All other wells classified as nearby wells
Design Module 4
Survey Programme
The planned series of instruments to be used, surveying requirements to be met during the execution of the well design
Programme designed to provide in the most cost effective and safe manner:
Achieve target sizing Well position uncertainty for:
Relief well purposes Anti-Collision
Design Module 4
Survey Programme
Drilling Target Size
Geological target reduced by an amount representing the survey errors
Close approach
Approved anti-collision policy and process, referencing the correct part of the programme at all depths
Redundant principle of survey program design Survey Contingency Planning Approved Error models
Key Elements of Survey Design

Policy
redundant principle or exemption from client
Client
review their policies confirm our software can manage client policy
Instrument Error
rank preference (ISCWSA, Topographic, WdW, Simple) understand 3d, 2d, 1d understand sigma value

Design
parts; correct part used for anti-collision at the right depths what constitutes the definitive survey
Operation
instruments performing to specification instruments run to programmed depths contingency if hole deteriorates

Quality
every survey is QA/QCd MWD is surveying evidence is kept that tools have met performance criteria failures are fully investigated root causes of failures are identified aim to GUARANTEE the definitive survey
Design Module 5
Fluids Programme
Not internal to Oil Co normally Major impact on T&D, hydraulics Wellbore stability
Not just hydrostatic pressure
Impact on downhole drilling systems
Key Elements of Fluid Design

Drilling Fluid Design

Environment Density > pore pressure and < fracture pressure Rheology (hole cleaning and ECD) Inhibition Formation damage Lubricity Cost
Design Module 6
Drillstring design and considerations

Integrity T&D, hydraulics Tapered strings Rig capacity and sizing ECD
Key Elements of Drilling System Design

Drilling System Design

Maximise efficiency Select right bit for each system Process will identify critical components Process will identify critical measurements Accuracy of measurements will be specified Drillstring design
Design Module 7
Cementing Design
Basis of Design document detailing why selections have been made. Record of learning incorporated into BoD Practical involvement through drillouts (bit/BHA) sidetracking, loss control, drillstring contamination
Key Elements of Optimisation

Design Optimisation
Torque Drag Hydraulics Casing Wear
Iterative approach
if a problem arises we must have sufficient knowledge to understand the problem before attempting to resolve it
Well Execution Flowchart

Identify process to monitor
Is plan being achieved?
Yes
Is Data recorded ?
Yes
Data recorded
Data QA/QC'd
Data Stored
No
No
Reports
Is allowable deviation from plan quantified?
Yes
Can plan be modified within limits?
Yes
Modify and inform ALL parties
No
Halt operations
NonConformance Report issued
No
Re-engineer from current position to next target
Normal QA/QC process to record changes and lessons learned
Release new plan to ALL parties
Well Execution
What do we monitor ?
Well integrity
Casings on depth and sufficient kick tolerance to finish section
Deviation
No collision issues Can still get to target within Inc, Azi and DLS limits and drillers target still valid
Survey Programme
All instruments perform to specification All instruments are run to programmed depths
Well Execution

What do we monitor ? Real time?

BHA performance
Delivers expected DLS Drills in time and cost effective manner
Bit performance
ROP is as expected or better
Mud
properties are within specification
Logistics
All equipment for the well is available within delivery schedule
Well Evaluation Flowchart

Process Evaluation
Do performance metrics exist ?
Yes
Review metrics for each process
No
Report factual data
No
Is the performance of this process assessed?
Yes
Prepare metrics to represent relevant performance
Data Gathering Review times to obtain data Review data accuracy Casing Design Casing seat selection satisfactory Casing w ear satisfactory Trajectory Design Profile drillable Torque and Drag prediction validation Survey Programme Instruments performance QA/QC reports w ritten Service performance Drilling System Performance DLS w ithin criteria Wellbore tortuosity / Difficulty Bit Selection review Drilling Fluid Problems Environmental loss Cost Cementing Problems Environmental loss Cost Operations Review Non Productive Time and Cost Failures Efficiency review Ft/Day $/Ft Logistics Efficiency review
Well Evaluation
Why do we evaluate ?
To understand what happened To improve our performance next time To keep our customers satisfied
What do we evaluate ?
Metrics Deviations from applied limits Difficulty
Summary
The 3 phases of the drilling engineering process are: Design Execute Evaluate There are 7 Design modules in the Design Phase: 1. Data Gathering 2. Casing Design 3. Trajectory Design 4. Survey Programme 5. Drilling Fluids Design 6. Drilling System Design 7. Cementing Design
Analysis of Offset Wells

The main objectives of the offset well analysis are:

Identify all problem areas Identify all events Identify all good practices Provide the necessary information to conduct a risk analysis Measure performance for benchmarking Identify constraints and areas of opportunity Validate assumptions
Relevant Offset Well

Guidelines for the identification of relevant offset wells:

Pick wells all around the target location Pick the closest wells available Old wells contain valuable information (original pressures, drilling hazards, etc) Recent wells are better for time analysis, bit selection, existing pore pressure, etc. Wells in close proximity to the new well but in different structures or separated by faults can still yield valuable information Ideally, we are looking for geological similarity combined with geometrical similarity
What Data Should be Reviewed?

Daily operations reports Drilling fluids, cementing, casing reports. Composite log (mud loggers log) Drilling data Log (MD Totco, 6 pen geolograph, etc.) Open hole logs (e.g. Caliper, Gamma Ray, Resistivity, Neutron Density, Sonic, etc. Cased hole logs (CBL-VDL, USIT, multi-finger calipers, etc.) Structure map showing location of offset wells (surface and subsurface) and location of proposed wells
What Data Should be Reviewed?

Field map showing location of existing roads and existing pads End of Well Reports Seismic sections Bit Records Pore and Frac pressure profiles Temperature Profiles
Benchmarking and KPIs

Requirement to benchmark against offset data
Technical Limit Drilling

Actual Time = Technical Limit + Waste (20-40%) + NPT(10-15%)
The Technical Limit is what could be achieved in a flawless operation using the best possible people, planning and technology
Key Performance Indicators - KPIs

What are KPIs

An analytical (metric) but continuous assessment of performance at multiple levels within the organisation
Exists from the share holder to the bit! Examples non oilfield
GNP (Gross National Products) Capita per head (measure of wealth)
Performance Measurement Examples of Key Performance Indicators (KPIs)

Days/10,000 Days/completion $ / Ft, ft / $ $/completion Quartile ranking NPT for drlg/completion % NPT improvement % Flat time / drilling time $/Boe Well complexity

Days to top reservoir Footage per BHA Footage per day Footage per 1000 circ hr NPT (contractors equipment, WOW) NPT/1000 ft NPT per 1000 circ hr Efficiency evaluation Slide/rotate ratios
Analysis T - Plots
Inclination T-plot 0
0
Azimuth T-plot
1000
1000
Measured Depth (m)
Measured Depth (m)
2000
2000
3000
3000
4000
4000
5000
5000
6000
6000
7000 0 20 40 60 80 Inclination (deg)

Planned inc As drilled inc
7000 0 100 200 300 Azimuth (deg)

Planned azi As drilled azi
Analysis T - Plots
Dogleg T-plot
0
Tortuosity T-plot
0
1000
1000
Measured Depth (m)
2000
2000
Measured Depth (m)
3000
3000
4000
4000
5000
5000
6000
6000
7000 0 2 4 6
7000 0 50 100 150 200
Dogleg (deg/30m)
Planned dls As drilled dls
Total Curvature(deg)
Planned tort As drilled tort
Conclusions
So, now you should be able to:
List and Describe the 3 phases of the drilling engineering process

State the 7 Design Modules of the Well Design phase
Describe the 7 Design Modules
Explain what we monitor in the Execution phase Explain why we evaluate performance in the Evaluation phase
End of Module

31 - Well Design Workflow

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31 - Well Design Workflow

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Verfügbare Formate

Well Design Workflow

Copyright 2009, NExT, All rights reserved

List and Describe the 3 phases of the well design process

Copyright 2009, NExT, All rights reserved

Phase 1: Well Design

Phase 2: Well Execution Phase 3: Well Evaluation Summary

Copyright 2009, NExT, All rights reserved

Copyright 2009, NExT, All rights reserved

Phase 1: Well Design

Copyright 2009, NExT, All rights reserved

Key Elements of Well Design

Procedure manual or guidelines

Copyright 2009, NExT, All rights reserved

Well Design Process Flowchart

Input & validate data sets

Select TOC for each hole section from LOF basis

Obtain lithology, fracture and pore pressure data

Data transfer procedure

Input & validate data sets

Completed Well Design

Determine TOTC for isolation purposes

Obtain well requirements

Data transfer procedure

Input & validate

T&D, Casing Wear and Hydraulic study OK?

Drilling system design

Drillstring and BHA

Select bit and system combination

Bit/BHA strategy with drillstring

Design Casing No Pressure containment? No Yes

Survey Programme Design Yes

Design BHA details to give required DLS

Select Hole Sizes to deliver Casing Design

Surface Collision Risk ? No No No

Well life considerations ? Yes

Determine profile constraints: surface reservoir wellbore stability

Can better Survey Programme remove risk?

Are all well positional requirements met? Well drilling plan

Confirm legislation requirements

MW and Friction Factors

Well Plan Well Plots

Select MW from pore pressure and wellbore stability

Drilling Fluid programme

Copyright 2009, NExT, All rights reserved

Well Design Process

Complete Well Design

Drilling System Design

Copyright 2009, NExT, All rights reserved

Copyright 2009, NExT, All rights reserved

Key Elements of Data Gathering

Data gathering and validation

Copyright 2009, NExT, All rights reserved

Copyright 2009, NExT, All rights reserved

Key Elements of Casing Design

Casing Design (including couplers)

Copyright 2009, NExT, All rights reserved

Copyright 2009, NExT, All rights reserved

Key Elements of Trajectory Design

Copyright 2009, NExT, All rights reserved

Well Surveying and AC Policy

Applies globally to all aspects of Survey Management

It will be strictly followed except in the case where:

Copyright 2009, NExT, All rights reserved