Evolution Unit Practice M/C Questions

Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. ____ 1. During his voyage on the HMS Beagle, Charles Darwin made many observations a. in England. c. in South America. b. in orth America. d. in Asia. !. Charles Darwin"s observation that #inches o# di##erent s$ecies on the %ala$agos &slands have many similar $hysical characteristics su$$orts the hy$othesis that these #inch s$ecies a. have grown larger since Darwin"s visit. c. all eat the same ty$e o# #ood. b. ac'uired traits through use and disuse. d. originated #rom a common ancestor. (. )hich o# the #ollowing statements describe what all members o# a $o$ulation share* a. +hey are behaviourally isolated #rom each other. b. +hey are geogra$hically isolated #rom each other. c. +hey are members o# the same s$ecies. d. +hey have identical genes. ,. E-am$les o# #ossils include $reserved a. eggs. c. body $arts. b. #oot$rints. d. all o# the above .. /e#ore Darwin0s theories about evolution, what was a common belie# about the natural world* a. S$ecies did not change over time, and were the same as they always had been. b. Earth was less than 1111 years old, and s$ecies did not ever change. c. 2rganisms continuously evolved. d. Earth changed continuously. 3. 4ames Hutton was one o# the #irst scientists to challenge theories about the age o# Earth. )hat was his $rimary area o# study* a. biology c. geology b. archeology d. genetics 5. )hat is the term #or an inherited characteristic that im$roves an organism"s ability to survive and re$roduce in a $articular environment* a. a hy$othesis c. an ada$tation b. a theory d. an e-tinction 6. )hich o# the #ollowing was not one o# the $atterns o# diversity that Darwin noted on his #amous voyage* a. s$ecies varied globally c. s$ecies varied over time b. s$ecies varied locally d. s$ecies varied over their li#etime 7. )hich $attern o# diversity did Darwin recogni8e when visiting the %ala$agos &slands* a. s$ecies varied globally c. s$ecies varied over time b. s$ecies varied locally d. s$ecies varied over their li#etime 11. +he s$ecies o# #inches that Charles Darwin #ound on the %ala$agos &slands dis$layed di##erent structural ada$tations. 2ne o# the ada$tations that Darwin noted was the a. similarities o# the birds" embryos. c. length o# the birds" nec9s. b. birds" di##erent:sha$ed bea9s. d. number o# eggs in each bird"s nest. 11. +he number and location o# bones o# many #ossil vertebrates are similar to those in living vertebrates. Most biologists would $robably e-$lain this #act on the basis o# a. the needs o# the organisms. c. the struggle #or e-istence. b. a common ancestor. d. the inheritance o# ac'uired traits.

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____ 1!. )hen lions $rey on a herd o# antelo$es, some antelo$es are 9illed and some esca$e and live to re$roduce. )hich best describes this situation* a. An individual $asses along ac'uired characteristics to the ne-t generation. b. atural selection is a random $rocess. c. &ndividuals that survive best tend to leave the most o##s$ring. d. S$ecies remain unchanged throughout time. ____ 1(. &n biology, #itness is the ability o# the individual to a. live to re$roductive age. b. contribute to the gene $ool o# the ne-t generation. c. ada$t to environmental conditions. d. ac'uire new characteristics. ____ 1,. Darwin"s theory o# evolution is based on the idea;s< o# a. variation and natural selection. b. use and disuse. c. a tendency toward $er#ect, unchanging s$ecies. d. the transmission o# ac'uired characteristics. ____ 1.. )hen #armers select animals or $lants to use #or breeding, they loo9 #or a. s$ecies that are $er#ect and unchanging. b. homologous structures. c. traits that are $roduced arti#icially. d. inherited traits that are o# value to humans. ____ 13. )hat is the name o# Darwin0s boo9 in which he $resented his writings on s$ecies evolving over time and the $rocess o# natural selection* a. The Beagle has Landed c. Principles of Geology b. The Evolution of Populations d. The rigin of !pecies ____ 15. )hat did Darwin $ro$ose was the mechanism #or evolution* a. natural selection c. the #ossil record b. descent with modi#ication d. ac'uired characteristics ____ 16. )hich o# the #ollowing is not one o# the three 9ey observations that Darwin used to develo$ his theory o# natural selection* a. changes in D A c. the role o# the environment b. the struggle #or e-istence d. variation among members o# a s$ecies ____ 17. )hich o# Darwin0s 9ey observations can be e-$lained by genetic diversity* a. the #ossil record c. the role o# the environment b. the struggle #or e-istence d. variation among members o# a s$ecies ____ !1. How did =amarc9 e-$lain ada$tations, such as the gira##e"s long nec9* a. the #ossil record c. using or not using certain body $arts b. descent with modi#ication d. genetic variation ____ !1. )hich ty$e o# evidence #or evolution would a $aleontologist e-amine* a. the #ossil record c. com$arative anatomy and develo$ment b. geogra$hical distribution d. molecular biology ____ !!. Darwin noted that emus, ostriches, and rheas were all similar but lived thousands o# 9ilometers a$art. )hich ty$e o# evidence #or evolution did he note in this case* a. the #ossil record c. com$arative anatomy and develo$ment b. geogra$hical distribution d. molecular biology ____ !(. +he greater the di##erences in D A and $rotein se'uences between s$ecies, the less li9ely the s$ecies share a close common ancestry. )hich ty$e o# evidence #or evolution does this describe* a. the #ossil record c. com$arative anatomy and develo$ment b. geogra$hical distribution d. molecular biology

____ !,. )hich o# the #ollowing results in antibiotic:resistant bacteria* a. natural selection c. the #ossil record b. geogra$hical distribution d. com$arative anatomy and develo$ment ____ !.. )hat is the main source o# genetic variation in ase-ually re$roducing organisms that clone themselves ra$idly* a. se-ual re$roduction c. mutations b. microevolution d. radiation ____ !3. )hich o# the #ollowing mechanisms o# microevolution results in the selection o# individuals with re$roductive advantages* a. natural selection c. genetic dri#t b. se-ual selection d. gene #low ____ !5. )hich o# the #ollowing mechanisms o# microevolution is a random $rocess that results in the loss o# allele variation in small $o$ulations* a. natural selection c. genetic dri#t b. se-ual selection d. gene #low ____ !6. A change in the gene $ool o# a $o$ulation due to chance is called a. gene #low. c. genetic dri#t. b. natural selection. d. the Hardy:)einberg e'uilibrium. ____ !7. &n genetic dri#t, allele #re'uencies change because o# a. mutations. c. natural selection. b. chance. d. arti#icial selection. ____ (1. Su$$ose the dry growing conditions in a southern Sas9atchewan marsh #avours the tallest and the shortest individuals in a $o$ulation o# wild rice. )hat ty$e o# selection $ressure does this show* a. stabili8ing c. disru$tive b. directional d. directional and stabili8ing ____ (1. +he se$aration o# $o$ulations by barriers such as rivers, mountains, or bodies o# water is called a. tem$oral isolation. c. behavioural isolation. b. geogra$hic isolation. d. genetic e'uilibrium. ____ (!. A #actor that does not 9ee$ s$ecies se$arate is a. re$roduction at di##erent times. c. di##erent mating behaviours. b. incom$atible re$roductive structures. d. gene #low. ____ ((. )hich o# the #ollowing grou$s could be de#ined as a s$ecies according to the biological s$ecies conce$t* a. a #ossili8ed re$tile with #eathers b. a grou$ o# bacteria that have divided #or 1. generations c. the ancestor o# modern horses, veri#ied through D A analysis d. a $o$ulation o# salamanders whose o##s$ring can success#ully re$roduce ____ (,. )hich o# the #ollowing does not describe an e-am$le o# macroevolution* a. the evolution o# ma>or new #eatures o# living things, such as wings or #lowers b. the e-tinction o# s$ecies c. s$eciation d. genetic variation in the $o$ulation ____ (.. Ancient Siberian tigers crossed the land bridge to Alas9a 3111 years ago. +he bridge soon disa$$eared underneath rising ocean waters. Su$$ose that modern scientists were able to $roduce an e-tinct Alas9an tiger #rom #ossili8ed D A. Scientists then tried to breed the Alas9an tiger with a Siberian tiger, but no o##s$ring could be $roduced. )hat is the most li9ely reason that these two s$ecies could not $roduce o##s$ring together* a. geogra$hic isolation c. tem$oral isolation b. habitat isolation d. behavioural isolation

____ (3. +he American toad, Bufo americanus, and the ?owler0s toad, Bufo fowleri, are both #ound in eastern orth America. Although biologists have success#ully $roduced o##s$ring #rom a cross between the two s$ecies, these toads never mate in the wild. B. americanus mates only in the early summer, while B. fowleri mates only in the late summer. )hat is the most li9ely reason #or this #ailure to re$roduce* a. geogra$hic isolation c. tem$oral isolation b. habitat isolation d. behavioural isolation ____ (5. )hich term describes the slow accumulation o# small genetic changes in a $o$ulation over a long $eriod o# time until s$eciation eventually occurs* a. divergent evolution c. $unctuated e'uilibrium b. convergent evolution d. gradualism ____ (6. How is being brightly coloured advantageous to $oison:arrow #rogs* a. +he bright colouration warns $redators that the #rog is to-ic. b. +he bright colouration allows #rogs to survive dry conditions on land. c. +he bright colouration allows #rogs to blend in with the vegetation in its habitat. d. +he bright colouration is used by male #rogs to attract #emale #rogs. ____ (7. S$ecies o# $oisonous #rogs have been discovered in both South America and in Madagascar, o## the coast o# A#rica. /oth s$ecies obtain their to-in #rom the insects they eat. )hich $rocess describes how the #rogs evolved a similar ada$tation* a. co:evolution c. convergent evolution b. divergent evolution d. natural selection ____ ,1. )hy does it bene#it #lowering $lants to have nectar* a. ectar contains sugars that su$$ly the growing embryo with nutrients. b. ectar contains the re$roductive structures o# the $lant. c. ectar stores water that the #lowering $lant needs. d. ectar hel$s attract $ollinators near locations where re$roductive cells can be $ic9ed u$. ____ ,1. How might an insect herbivore co:evolve in res$onse to a $lant that develo$ed a to-in against the insect* a. +he insects would start eating a di##erent $lant. b. +he insects would $ollinate a di##erent $lant. c. +he #ew insects that could still eat the $lant would survive and $ass their traits to their o##s$ring. d. +he #ew insects that could still eat the $lant would survive and mate with a di##erent s$ecies. ____ ,!. )hich term describes co:evolution that a##ects the survival o# only one o# the two s$ecies involved* a. mimicry c. $ollinators b. mutualism d. herbaceous ____ ,(. )hich o# the #ollowing is not an e-am$le o# mimicry* a. An octo$us contorts its body and changes its colour to resemble a deadly sea sna9e. b. A harmless mil9 sna9e closely resembles the deadly coral sna9e. c. A hover #ly loo9s li9e the common was$. d. An emu resembles an ostrich. ____ ,,. )hich conce$t e-$lains the evolution o# e-tremely com$le- structures #rom sim$ler versions through a series o# small changes* a. natural selection c. disru$tive selection b. stabili8ing selection d. cumulative selection ____ ,.. &n molluscs, the range in com$le-ity in eyes, such as the com$le- eye o# a s'uid and the sim$le eye o# a lim$et, is due to which o# the #ollowing* a. natural selection c. disru$tive selection b. stabili8ing selection d. cumulative selection

____ ,3. &n Stanley Miller0s e-$eriment simulating Earth"s early atmos$here, which o# the #ollowing materials was not added to his e-$erimental #las9* a. water va$our c. hydrogen gas b. o-ygen gas d. methane gas ____ ,5. )hich o# the #ollowing ste$s comes #irst in the theory o# $rimary abiogenesis* a. Small organic molecules, such as amino acids, #ormed #rom sim$ler molecules $resent in the environment. b. Small organic molecules >oined together into larger ones, such as $roteins and nucleic acids. c. Molecules that could co$y themselves $rovided a basis #or the inheritance o# molecular in#ormation. d. @arious organic molecules became $ac9aged within membranes and se$arated #rom their surroundings. ____ ,6. )hat ty$e o# organism is thought to have been the #irst #orm o# li#e on Earth* a. $hotoautotro$h c. omnivore b. chemoautotro$h d. herbivore ____ ,7. As Earth0s atmos$here changed due to the actions o# $hotoautotro$hs, how did the colour o# the oceans change* a. #rom blue:green to clear c. #rom brown to blue:green b. #rom clear to red d. #rom blue:green to red ____ .1. )hich o# the #ollowing $rocesses describes how the #irst eu9aryotic cells develo$ed structures such as the nucleus and %olgi a$$aratus* a. endosymbiosis c. in#olding o# the cell membrane b. symbiosis d. $hotosynthesis ____ .1. &n the endosymbiotic theory, what do the mitochondria and chloro$lasts have in common* a. +hey both convert sunlight into usable energy #or the cell. b. +hey both release energy #rom molecules absorbed into the cell. c. +hey both develo$ed #rom an in#olding o# the cell membrane. d. +hey both originated #rom symbiotic relationshi$s with small $ro9aryotes. ____ .!. 2n what basis did =innaeus classi#y organisms* a. evolutionary relationshi$s between s$ecies b. local names they were given c. location in which they were #irst discovered d. similarities in organisms" characteristics ____ .(. )ithout using molecular analysis, what is the best method #or establishing $hylogenetic relationshi$s among s$ecies* a. the $resence o# homologous structures b. matching genes on their chromosomes c. the $resence o# analogous structures d. similar names in the =innean classi#ication system ____ .,. )hich o# the #ollowing best describes this diagram*

a. a $hylogenetic tree c. an evolutionary ma$ b. a cladogram d. a homologous structure chart ____ ... )hat is an indirect e##ect o# medical treatments that allow $eo$le with genetic diseases such as cystic #ibrosis to live longer* a. +heir diseases are in#ectious to others in the $o$ulation. b. +heir diseases will worsen as time $asses. c. +he medications and treatments #or their diseases might reduce the $o$ulation"s genetic diversity. d. Any children they may have will li9ely receive alleles #or these diseases as well.

Evolution Unit Practice M/C Questions Answer Section

MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. A SA =2CA !. A SA =2CA (. A SA =2CA ,. A SA =2CA .. A SA =2CA 3. A SA =2CA 5. A SA =2CA 6. A SA =2CA 7. A SA =2CA 11. A SA =2CA 11. A SA =2CA 1!. A SA =2CA 1(. A SA =2CA 1,. A SA =2CA 1.. A SA =2CA 13. A SA =2CA 15. A SA =2CA 16. A SA =2CA 17. A SA =2CA !1. A SA =2CA !1. A SA =2CA !!. A SA C B+SA /io11:SBH(E:C(.1 D B+SA /io11:SBH(E:C(.1 C B+SA /io11:SBH(E:C(.1 D B+SA /io11:SBH(E:C(.1 A B+SA /io11:SBH(E:C(.1 C B+SA /io11:SBH(E:C(.1 C B+SA /io11:SBH(E:C(.1 D B+SA /io11:SBH(E:C(.1 / B+SA /io11:SBH(E:C(.1 / B+SA /io11:SBH(E:C(., / B+SA /io11:SBH(E:C(., C B+SA /io11:SBH(E:C(., / B+SA /io11:SBH(E:C(., A B+SA /io11:SBH(E:C(., D B+SA /io11:SBH(E:C(., D B+SA /io11:SBH(E:C(., A B+SA /io11:SBH(E:C(., A B+SA /io11:SBH(E:C(., D B+SA /io11:SBH(E:C(., C B+SA /io11:SBH(E:C(., A B+SA /io11:SBH(E:C(., / B+SA 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 CE?A D CE?A + CE?A D CE?A D CE?A D CE?A D CE?A D CE?A D CE?A D CE?A D CE?A + CE?A + CE?A D CE?A D CE?A D CE?A D CE?A D CE?A D CE?A D CE?A D CE?A D CE?A D 2/4A /ioSrc11:5.1 2/4A /ioSrc11:5.1 2/4A /ioSrc11:5.1 2/4A /ioSrc11:5.1 2/4A /ioSrc11:5.1 2/4A /ioSrc11:5.1 2/4A /ioSrc11:5.1 2/4A /ioSrc11:5.1 2/4A /ioSrc11:5.1 2/4A /ioSrc11:5.! 2/4A /ioSrc11:5.! 2/4A /ioSrc11:5.! 2/4A /ioSrc11:5.! 2/4A /ioSrc11:5.! 2/4A /ioSrc11:5.! 2/4A /ioSrc11:5.! 2/4A /ioSrc11:5.! 2/4A /ioSrc11:5.! 2/4A /ioSrc11:5.! 2/4A /ioSrc11:5.! 2/4A /ioSrc11:5.! 2/4A /ioSrc11:5.!

!(. !,. !.. !3. !5. !6. !7. (1. (1. (!. ((. (,. (.. (3. (5. (6. (7. ,1. ,1. ,!. ,(. ,,. ,.. ,3.

=2CA A SA =2CA A SA =2CA A SA =2CA A SA =2CA A SA =2CA A SA =2CA A SA =2CA A SA =2CA A SA =2CA A SA =2CA A SA =2CA A SA =2CA A SA =2CA A SA =2CA A SA =2CA A SA =2CA A SA =2CA A SA =2CA A SA =2CA A SA =2CA A SA =2CA A SA =2CA A SA =2CA A SA =2CA

/io11:SBH(E:C(., D B+SA /io11:SBH(E:C(., A B+SA /io11:SBH(E:C(., C B+SA /io11:SBH(E:C(., A B+SA /io11:SBH(E:C(., C B+SA /io11:SBH(E:C(., C B+SA /io11:SBH(E:C(., / B+SA /io11:SBH(E:C(., C B+SA /io11:SBH(E:C(., / B+SA /io11:SBH(E:C(.( D B+SA /io11:SBH(E:C(.( D B+SA /io11:SBH(E:C(.( D B+SA /io11:SBH(E:C(.( A B+SA /io11:SBH(E:C(.( C B+SA /io11:SBH(E:C(.( D B+SA /io11:SBH(E:C(.( A B+SA /io11:SBH(E:C(., C B+SA /io11:SBH(E:C(., D B+SA /io11:SBH(E:C(., C B+SA /io11:SBH(E:C(., A B+SA /io11:SBH(E:C(., D B+SA /io11:SBH(E:C(., D B+SA /io11:SBH(E:C(., D B+SA /io11:SBH(E:C(., / B+SA /io11:SBH(E:C(.1

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

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2/4A /ioSrc11:5.! 2/4A /ioSrc11:5.! 2/4A /ioSrc11:6.1 2/4A /ioSrc11:6.1 2/4A /ioSrc11:6.1 2/4A /ioSrc11:6.1 2/4A /ioSrc11:6.1 2/4A /ioSrc11:6.1 2/4A /ioSrc11:6.! 2/4A /ioSrc11:6.! 2/4A /ioSrc11:6.! 2/4A /ioSrc11:6.! 2/4A /ioSrc11:6.! 2/4A /ioSrc11:6.! 2/4A /ioSrc11:6.! 2/4A /ioSrc11:6.( 2/4A /ioSrc11:6.( 2/4A /ioSrc11:6.( 2/4A /ioSrc11:6.( 2/4A /ioSrc11:6.( 2/4A /ioSrc11:6.( 2/4A /ioSrc11:6.( 2/4A /ioSrc11:6.( 2/4A /ioSrc11:7.1

,5. A SA =2CA ,6. A SA =2CA ,7. A SA =2CA .1. A SA =2CA .1. A SA =2CA .!. A SA =2CA .(. A SA =2CA .,. A SA =2CA ... A SA =2CA

A B+SA /io11:SBH(E:C(.1 / B+SA /io11:SBH(E:C(.1 C B+SA /io11:SBH(E:C(.1 C B+SA /io11:SBH(E:C(.1 D B+SA /io11:SBH(E:C(.1 D B+SA /io11:SBH(E:C(.1 A B+SA /io11:SBH(E:C(.1 A B+SA /io11:SBH(E:C(.1 D B+SA /io11:SBH(E:C(.1

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2/4A /ioSrc11:7.1 2/4A /ioSrc11:7.1 2/4A /ioSrc11:7.1 2/4A /ioSrc11:7.1 2/4A /ioSrc11:7.1 2/4A /ioSrc11:7.! 2/4A /ioSrc11:7.! 2/4A /ioSrc11:7.! 2/4A /ioSrc11:7.(