reciprocrating engine forces

engine performance parmameters

calculated dimensions
engine displace
8000 CC
bore diameter
bore/stroke ratio
1
2
stroke
number of cylinders
8
displacement
angle between banks
90 DEGREES
L/r ratio
compression ratio
8.5 :1
swept volume
comb chamber volume
RPM
2000
total volume
engine component weights and dimensions
piston mass
1 kg
cylinder bank offset
piston pin mass
0.3 kg
cylinder spacing (c-c)
piston ring mass
0.18 kg
connecting rod mass
1.5 kg
connecting rod length c-c
25 cm
connecting rod piston pin CG distance
10 cm
piston position cylinder volume, velocity and acceleration
crank
piston
cylinder velocity
velocity @ RPM
angle
position
volume
constant
degree
mm
mm*100 cc
cm/s/RPM m/s
cm/s
540 10.84035 1084.035 1133.333 0.000308 0.006169 0.616879
545 10.82445 1082.445 1131.866 -0.03845 -0.76909 -76.9085
550 10.77625 1077.625 1127.42 -0.07717 -1.54331 -154.331
555 10.69585 1069.585 1120.003 -0.11577 -2.31534 -231.534
560 10.58336 1058.336 1109.627 -0.15419 -3.08371 -308.371
565 10.43902 1043.902 1096.311 -0.19233 -3.84659 -384.659
570 10.26312 1026.312 1080.085 -0.23008 -4.60163 -460.163
575 10.05607 1005.607 1060.985 -0.26729 -5.34589 -534.589
580 9.818393 981.8393 1039.06 -0.30379 -6.07577 -607.577
585 9.550785 955.0785 1014.373 -0.33935 -6.78699 -678.699
590 9.254112 925.4112 987.0058 -0.37373 -7.47458 -747.458
595 8.92945 892.945 957.0565 -0.40664 -8.13287 -813.287
600 8.578114 857.8114 924.6464 -0.43778 -8.75562 -875.562
605 8.201679 820.1679 889.9211
-0.4668 -9.33601 -933.601
610 7.80201 780.201 853.0525 -0.49334 -9.86684 -986.684
615 7.381276 738.1276 814.2406 -0.51703 -10.3406 -1034.06
620 6.941966 694.1966 773.7153 -0.53749 -10.7498 -1074.98
625 6.486897 648.6897 731.736 -0.55434 -11.0867 -1108.67
630 6.019204 601.9204 688.5924 -0.56721 -11.3442 -1134.42
635 5.542337 554.2337 644.6023 -0.57577 -11.5155 -1151.55
640 5.06003 506.003 600.1105 -0.57971 -11.5943 -1159.43
645 4.576275 457.6275 555.4852 -0.57876 -11.5753 -1157.53
650 4.095278 409.5278 511.1142 -0.57271 -11.4542 -1145.42
655 3.621409 362.1409 467.4007
-0.5614 -11.2281 -1122.81
660 3.15914 315.914 424.7574 -0.54475 -10.8951 -1089.51

10.84035
10.84035
8000
4.612396
1000
133.3333
1133.333
3
18

accelerationaccelelration @
constant given RPM
cm/s^2/RPM
m/s^2
-0.0465
-1860.2
-0.04648
-1859
-0.04638 -1855.21
-0.04621 -1848.33
-0.04594 -1837.54
-0.04554 -1821.77
-0.04499 -1799.68
-0.04424 -1769.77
-0.04326 -1730.43
-0.042 -1679.97
-0.04042 -1616.74
-0.03848
-1539.2
-0.03615 -1445.94
-0.0334 -1335.84
-0.0302 -1208.05
-0.02655
-1062.1
-0.02245 -897.916
-0.0179 -715.889
-0.01292 -516.871
-0.00755 -302.194
-0.00184 -73.6672
0.004161 166.4457
0.010386 415.4564
0.016758 670.3007
0.02319 927.5966

665
670
675
680
685
690
695
700
705
710
715
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
105
110
115
120
125
130
135
140
145
150
155
160
165
170
175

2.712989
2.287446
1.886906
1.515597
1.177514
0.876352
0.615445
0.397715
0.225619
0.101114
0.02562
0
0.025085
0.100054
0.224046
0.395646
0.612904
0.873367
1.17412
1.51183
1.882807
2.283059
2.708359
3.154315
3.616436
4.090207
4.571151
5.054899
5.537242
6.014188
6.481996
6.937217
7.376709
7.797653
8.197558
8.57425
8.925861
9.250813
9.547788
9.81571
10.05371
10.26109
10.43732
10.582
10.69482
10.77557
10.82411

271.2989
228.7446
188.6906
151.5597
117.7514
87.63517
61.54452
39.7715
22.56192
10.11135
2.561981
0
2.508534
10.00536
22.40458
39.56462
61.29044
87.33674
117.412
151.183
188.2807
228.3059
270.8359
315.4315
361.6436
409.0207
457.1151
505.4899
553.7242
601.4188
648.1996
693.7217
737.6709
779.7653
819.7558
857.425
892.5861
925.0813
954.7788
981.571
1005.371
1026.109
1043.732
1058.2
1069.482
1077.557
1082.411

383.6009
344.3455
307.3965
273.144
241.9565
214.1749
190.1069
170.0217
154.1462
142.6608
135.6967
133.3333
135.6474
142.5631
154.0011
169.8309
189.8725
213.8997
241.6434
272.7965
307.0183
343.9408
383.1738
424.3123
466.942
510.6464
555.0125
599.6372
644.1324
688.1296
731.284
773.2771
813.8193
852.6506
889.541
924.29
956.7254
986.7015
1014.097
1038.812
1060.767
1079.897
1096.155
1109.501
1119.908
1127.357
1131.835

-0.52275
-0.49545
-0.463
-0.42562
-0.38363
-0.33741
-0.2874
-0.23413
-0.17817
-0.12016
-0.06075
0
0.060119
0.119538
0.177568
0.233546
0.286848
0.336894
0.383164
0.425202
0.462625
0.495128
0.522484
0.544549
0.561256
0.57262
0.578727
0.579729
0.57584
0.567326
0.554495
0.537687
0.517266
0.493609
0.467096
0.4381
0.406984
0.374086
0.339721
0.304171
0.267686
0.230479
0.192732
0.154592
0.116175
0.077576
0.038865

-10.4549
-9.90892
-9.25993
-8.51247
-7.67265
-6.74811
-5.74794
-4.68254
-3.56347
-2.40324
-1.21509
0
1.202384
2.390755
3.551356
4.67093
5.736959
6.737879
7.663274
8.504038
9.252509
9.902566
10.44969
10.89097
11.22513
11.45241
11.57453
11.59457
11.5168
11.34652
11.0899
10.75374
10.34532
9.872179
9.341912
8.762007
8.139678
7.481726
6.794421
6.083422
5.353714
4.609589
3.854647
3.091836
2.323509
1.551515
0.777305

-1045.49
-990.892
-925.993
-851.247
-767.265
-674.811
-574.794
-468.254
-356.347
-240.324
-121.509
0
120.2384
239.0755
355.1356
467.093
573.6959
673.7879
766.3274
850.4038
925.2509
990.2566
1044.969
1089.097
1122.513
1145.241
1157.453
1159.457
1151.68
1134.652
1108.99
1075.374
1034.532
987.2179
934.1912
876.2007
813.9678
748.1726
679.4421
608.3422
535.3714
460.9589
385.4647
309.1836
232.3509
155.1515
77.73051

0.029593
0.035871
0.041928
0.047667
0.052992
0.057814
0.06205
0.065626
0.068479
0.070556
0.071822
0.072252
0.071831
0.070574
0.068505
0.06566
0.062092
0.057862
0.053046
0.047725
0.041991
0.035937
0.02966
0.023258
0.016826
0.010453
0.004226
-0.00178
-0.0075
-0.01287
-0.01785
-0.0224
-0.02651
-0.03016
-0.03336
-0.03612
-0.03846
-0.0404
-0.04198
-0.04325
-0.04424
-0.04499
-0.04554
-0.04594
-0.04621
-0.04638
-0.04647

1183.714
1434.853
1677.13
1906.665
2119.675
2312.565
2482.012
2625.052
2739.147
2822.255
2872.876
2890.094
2873.235
2822.965
2740.195
2626.418
2483.673
2314.491
2121.833
1909.018
1679.638
1437.476
1186.411
930.3261
673.0233
418.1347
169.0454
-71.1767
-299.839
-514.674
-713.866
-896.077
-1060.45
-1206.6
-1334.58
-1444.87
-1538.29
-1616
-1679.37
-1729.95
-1769.41
-1799.41
-1821.57
-1837.4
-1848.23
-1855.16
-1858.98

180
185
190
195
200
205
210
215
220
225
230
235
240
245
250
255
260
265
270
275
280
285
290
295
300
305
310
315

10.84035
10.82428
10.77591
10.69533
10.58268
10.43817
10.26211
10.05489
9.817052
9.549287
9.252462
8.927656
8.576182
8.199619
7.799832
7.378992
6.939592
6.484447
6.016696
5.53979
5.057464
4.573713
4.092742
3.618922
3.156727
2.710674
2.285252
1.884856

1084.035
1082.428
1077.591
1069.533
1058.268
1043.817
1026.211
1005.489
981.7052
954.9287
925.2462
892.7656
857.6182
819.9619
779.9832
737.8992
693.9592
648.4447
601.6696
553.979
505.7464
457.3713
409.2742
361.8922
315.6727
271.0674
228.5252
188.4856

1133.333 0.000103 0.002056 0.205626

-0.0465
-1860.2
1131.851 -0.03866
-0.7732 -77.3195 -0.04647 -1858.99
1127.389 -0.07737 -1.54741 -154.741 -0.04638 -1855.18
1119.956 -0.11597 -2.31942 -231.942 -0.04621 -1848.28
1109.564 -0.15439 -3.08777 -308.777 -0.04594 -1837.47
1096.233 -0.19253 -3.85062 -385.062 -0.04554 -1821.67
1079.991 -0.23028 -4.60561 -460.561 -0.04499 -1799.54
1060.876 -0.26749
-5.3498
-534.98 -0.04424 -1769.59
1038.936 -0.30398
-6.0796
-607.96 -0.04325 -1730.19
1014.235 -0.33954 -6.79071 -679.071 -0.04199 -1679.67
986.8537 -0.37391 -7.47815 -747.815 -0.04041 -1616.37
956.891 -0.40681 -8.13628 -813.628 -0.03847 -1538.75
924.4682 -0.43794 -8.75881 -875.881 -0.03614 -1445.41
889.7311 -0.46695 -9.33896 -933.896 -0.03338 -1335.21
852.8515 -0.49348 -9.86951 -986.951 -0.03018 -1207.33
814.03 -0.51715
-10.343
-1034.3 -0.02653 -1061.27
773.4962 -0.53759 -10.7518 -1075.18 -0.02242 -896.997
731.51 -0.55442 -11.0883 -1108.83 -0.01787 -714.878
688.361 -0.56727 -11.3454 -1134.54 -0.01289 -515.773
644.3674 -0.57581 -11.5161 -1151.61 -0.00753 -301.017
599.8739 -0.57972 -11.5944 -1159.44 -0.00181 -72.4221
555.2488 -0.57875 -11.5749 -1157.49 0.004194 167.7454
510.8803 -0.57267 -11.4533 -1145.33 0.01042 416.7955
467.1714 -0.56133 -11.2266 -1122.66 0.016792 671.6619
424.5348 -0.54465
-10.893
-1089.3 0.023224 928.9613
383.3874 -0.52262 -10.4523 -1045.23 0.029627 1185.062
344.1431 -0.49529 -9.90574 -990.574 0.035904 1436.165
307.2074 -0.46281 -9.25622 -925.622 0.04196 1678.384

inertia effects with gas pressure = 0

crank
reciprocrating
rotating 0 deg orientation
90 deg orientation
piston
crankpin instant
angle
force
force
shake forceshake forceside force tangent force
torque
degree
Newtons Newtons Newtons Newtons Newtons Newtons N-m
540
-4427.3
1425.1
-5852.4
0.3
-0.7
-2.4
0.1
545
-4424.4
1425.1
-5844.2
-40.3
82.9
299.9
-16.3
550
-4415.4
1425.1
-5819.0
-80.9
165.7
600.5
-32.5
555
-4399.0
1425.1
-5775.8
-121.7
246.6
897.3
-48.6
560
-4373.3
1425.1
-5712.8
-162.8
324.5
1187.8
-64.4
565
-4335.8
1425.1
-5627.8
-204.7
398.3
1468.4
-79.6
570
-4283.2
1425.1
-5517.9
-247.9
466.5
1734.8
-94.0
575
-4212.1
1425.1
-5380.0
-293.3
527.3
1981.2
-107.4
580
-4118.4
1425.1
-5210.8
-341.8
579.1
2201.0
-119.3
585
-3998.3
1425.1
-5006.8
-394.4
619.8
2386.5
-129.4
590
-3847.9
1425.1
-4764.7
-452.3
647.6
2529.1
-137.1
595
-3663.3
1425.1
-4481.6
-516.5
660.7
2619.8
-142.0
600
-3441.3
1425.1
-4154.8
-587.8
657.5
2649.8
-143.6
605
-3179.3
1425.1
-3782.6
-666.6
636.9
2610.8
-141.5

610
615
620
625
630
635
640
645
650
655
660
665
670
675
680
685
690
695
700
705
710
715
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
105
110
115
120

-2875.2
-2527.8
-2137.0
-1703.8
-1230.2
-719.2
-175.3
396.1
988.8
1595.3
2207.7
2817.2
3415.0
3991.6
4537.9
5044.8
5503.9
5907.2
6247.6
6519.2
6717.0
6837.4
6878.4
6838.3
6718.7
6521.7
6250.9
5911.1
5508.5
5050.0
4543.5
3997.5
3421.2
2823.7
2214.2
1601.8
995.2
402.3
-169.4
-713.6
-1224.9
-1699.0
-2132.7
-2523.9
-2871.7
-3176.3
-3438.8

1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1

-3363.6
-2897.7
-2385.6
-1829.2
-1231.3
-596.2
71.0
763.8
1475.1
2196.5
2919.2
3633.6
4330.0
4998.4
5628.7
6211.5
6737.4
7198.2
7586.3
7895.4
8120.2
8257.0
8303.5
8258.0
8122.1
7898.2
7590.0
7202.7
6742.7
6217.4
5635.2
5005.3
4337.3
3641.1
2926.8
2204.2
1482.7
771.3
78.2
-589.3
-1224.8
-1823.0
-2379.9
-2892.5
-3358.9
-3778.4
-4151.1

-753.2
-847.0
-947.0
-1051.6
-1158.4
-1264.4
-1366.2
-1459.8
-1541.1
-1605.7
-1649.5
-1668.7
-1660.0
-1621.0
-1550.0
-1446.6
-1311.2
-1145.7
-953.0
-737.1
-502.9
-256.1
0.0
253.4
500.4
734.7
950.9
1143.8
1309.6
1445.3
1549.1
1620.4
1659.8
1668.8
1649.8
1606.2
1541.8
1460.7
1367.2
1265.5
1159.5
1052.7
948.1
848.0
754.1
667.5
588.5

598.1
541.3
467.0
376.9
273.2
159.1
38.3
-84.9
-205.8
-319.8
-422.2
-508.7
-575.6
-619.8
-639.3
-633.1
-601.1
-544.6
-465.7
-367.6
-254.4
-130.6
0.0
129.2
253.1
366.5
464.8
543.9
600.6
632.9
639.4
620.1
576.2
509.6
423.2
321.0
207.1
86.2
-37.0
-157.9
-272.0
-375.8
-466.1
-540.6
-597.6
-636.6
-657.4

2496.0
2300.6
2022.8
1664.1
1229.9
730.3
179.3
-404.6
-999.7
-1581.3
-2123.6
-2600.6
-2987.5
-3262.8
-3409.3
-3415.5
-3276.5
-2994.6
-2579.6
-2048.0
-1422.9
-732.3
0.0
724.7
1415.9
2041.8
2574.5
2990.9
3274.2
3414.8
3410.1
3265.1
2991.0
2605.2
2129.1
1587.3
1006.0
410.9
-173.3
-724.7
-1225.0
-1659.8
-2019.4
-2298.1
-2494.3
-2610.0
-2649.7

-135.3
-124.7
-109.6
-90.2
-66.7
-39.6
-9.7
21.9
54.2
85.7
115.1
141.0
161.9
176.8
184.8
185.1
177.6
162.3
139.8
111.0
77.1
39.7
0.0
-39.3
-76.7
-110.7
-139.5
-162.1
-177.5
-185.1
-184.8
-177.0
-162.1
-141.2
-115.4
-86.0
-54.5
-22.3
9.4
39.3
66.4
90.0
109.5
124.6
135.2
141.5
143.6

125
130
135
140
145
150
155
160
165
170
175
180
185
190
195
200
205
210
215
220
225
230
235
240
245
250
255
260
265
270
275
280
285
290
295
300
305
310
315

-3661.1
-3846.1
-3996.9
-4117.3
-4211.2
-4282.6
-4335.3
-4373.0
-4398.8
-4415.3
-4424.4
-4427.3
-4424.4
-4415.3
-4398.9
-4373.2
-4335.6
-4282.9
-4211.6
-4117.9
-3997.6
-3847.0
-3662.2
-3440.1
-3177.8
-2873.4
-2525.8
-2134.9
-1701.4
-1227.5
-716.4
-172.4
399.2
992.0
1598.6
2210.9
2820.4
3418.1
3994.6

1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1

-4478.3
-4761.9
-5004.4
-5208.8
-5378.4
-5516.6
-5626.8
-5712.1
-5775.2
-5818.7
-5844.0
-5852.4
-5844.1
-5818.8
-5775.5
-5712.5
-5627.3
-5517.3
-5379.2
-5209.8
-5005.6
-4763.3
-4480.0
-4153.0
-3780.5
-3361.3
-2895.1
-2382.8
-1826.1
-1228.0
-592.7
74.6
767.6
1478.9
2200.3
2923.0
3637.4
4333.7
5001.8

517.2
453.0
395.0
342.3
293.8
248.4
205.1
163.2
122.1
81.3
40.7
0.1
-40.5
-81.1
-121.9
-163.0
-204.9
-248.1
-293.5
-342.0
-394.7
-452.6
-516.9
-588.1
-667.1
-753.6
-847.5
-947.6
-1052.2
-1158.9
-1265.0
-1366.7
-1460.3
-1541.4
-1606.0
-1649.7
-1668.7
-1659.9
-1620.7

-660.8
-647.9
-620.2
-579.6
-527.9
-467.2
-399.1
-325.3
-247.4
-166.6
-83.8
-0.2
83.4
166.1
247.0
324.9
398.7
466.8
527.6
579.3
620.0
647.8
660.8
657.5
636.7
597.9
540.9
466.5
376.3
272.6
158.5
37.7
-85.5
-206.5
-320.4
-422.7
-509.1
-575.9
-620.0

-2620.4
-2530.3
-2388.3
-2203.2
-1983.7
-1737.5
-1471.3
-1190.8
-900.4
-603.6
-303.1
-0.8
301.5
602.1
898.9
1189.3
1469.9
1736.1
1982.4
2202.1
2387.4
2529.7
2620.1
2649.7
2610.4
2495.2
2299.4
2021.1
1662.0
1227.4
727.5
176.3
-407.8
-1002.8
-1584.3
-2126.4
-2602.9
-2989.3
-3263.9

142.0
137.1
129.4
119.4
107.5
94.2
79.7
64.5
48.8
32.7
16.4
0.0
-16.3
-32.6
-48.7
-64.5
-79.7
-94.1
-107.5
-119.4
-129.4
-137.1
-142.0
-143.6
-141.5
-135.2
-124.6
-109.5
-90.1
-66.5
-39.4
-9.6
22.1
54.4
85.9
115.3
141.1
162.0
176.9

combustion heat release and fraction of fuel burned

initial conditions
T0
T1
P0

25 oC
25 oC
100 Kpa

Cp
Cv
CP/Cv

1.0052 KJ/(kg-K)
0.718 KJ/(kg-K)
1.4

P1

100 Kpa

vol eff.
% of A.S. eff.
mech eff.
A/F ratio
exhaust valve open
computed analysis
heat added
mass air flow
mass air flow
heat added

90
60
85
13.5
180

angle comb start

time scasle for heat relaease
nTH power

680
80
3

air density
fuel LHV

%
%
%

1.2 kg/m^3
44 MJ/kg

displacement
# cylinders
test RPM

8000
8
2000

degrees
3.259
8.64
0.00108
0.00352
4539.4
0.01067

MJ/kg air
kg/min total
kg/cyl
MJ/cyl/cycle
oK
kg/sec

518.4 kg/hr

-40

crank
combust fraction compress T
P
T
P
crankpin
angle
angle
burned
ratio
w/o ht add w/o ht add w/ ht add w/ ht add tangent force
degree
degrees
Kpa
N
540
-180
0.000
1.00
298.0
100.0
298.0
100.0
2.4
545
-175
0.000
1.00
298.2
100.2
298.2
100.2
-300.3
550
-170
0.000
1.01
298.6
100.7
298.6
100.7
-604.2
555
-165
0.000
1.01
299.4
101.7
299.4
101.7
-909.9
560
-160
0.000
1.02
300.5
103.0
300.5
103.0
-1217.9
565
-155
0.000
1.03
302.0
104.8
302.0
104.8
-1527.9
570
-150
0.000
1.05
303.8
107.0
303.8
107.0
-1838.9
575
-145
0.000
1.07
306.0
109.7
306.0
109.7
-2149.1
580
-140
0.000
1.09
308.5
112.9
308.5
112.9
-2456.0
585
-135
0.000
1.12
311.5
116.8
311.5
116.8
-2756.4
590
-130
0.000
1.15
314.9
121.4
314.9
121.4
-3047.0
595
-125
0.000
1.18
318.8
126.7
318.8
126.7
-3324.4
600
-120
0.000
1.23
323.3
133.0
323.3
133.0
-3586.3
605
-115
0.000
1.27
328.3
140.3
328.3
140.3
-3831.4
610
-110
0.000
1.33
333.9
148.8
333.9
148.8
-4060.6
615
-105
0.000
1.39
340.1
158.9
340.1
158.9
-4277.8
620
-100
0.000
1.46
347.2
170.6
347.2
170.6
-4490.1
625
-95
0.000
1.55
355.0
184.5
355.0
184.5
-4709.4
630
-90
0.000
1.65
363.7
200.9
363.7
200.9
-4951.9
635
-85
0.000
1.76
373.5
220.3
373.5
220.3
-5238.9
640
-80
0.000
1.89
384.3
243.5
384.3
243.5
-5596.4
645
-75
0.000
2.04
396.4
271.4
396.4
271.4
-6054.1
650
-70
0.000
2.22
409.8
304.9
409.8
304.9
-6644.7
655
-65
0.000
2.42
424.7
345.6
424.7
345.6
-7400.6
660
-60
0.000
2.67
441.3
395.1
441.3
395.1
-8350.7

665
670
675
680
685
690
695
700
705
710
715
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
105
110
115
120
125
130
135
140
145
150
155
160
165
170
175

-55
-50
-45
-40
-35
-30
-25
-20
-15
-10
-5
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
105
110
115
120
125
130
135
140
145
150
155
160
165
170
175

0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.002
0.007
0.016
0.030
0.051
0.080
0.118
0.163
0.217
0.277
0.344
0.415
0.488
0.561
0.632
0.699
0.759
0.813
0.858
0.896
0.926
0.949
0.966
0.978
0.986
0.992
0.995
0.997
0.999
0.999
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000

2.95
3.29
3.69
4.15
4.68
5.29
5.96
6.67
7.35
7.94
8.35
8.50
8.35
7.95
7.36
6.67
5.97
5.30
4.69
4.15
3.69
3.30
2.96
2.67
2.43
2.22
2.04
1.89
1.76
1.65
1.55
1.47
1.39
1.33
1.27
1.23
1.18
1.15
1.12
1.09
1.07
1.05
1.03
1.02
1.01
1.01
1.00

459.6
479.9
502.2
526.5
552.7
580.3
608.6
636.4
661.9
682.7
696.5
701.4
696.6
682.9
662.1
636.7
608.9
580.6
553.0
526.8
502.5
480.1
459.8
441.5
424.9
409.9
396.5
384.4
373.6
363.8
355.1
347.2
340.2
333.9
328.3
323.3
318.9
315.0
311.5
308.6
306.0
303.8
302.0
300.5
299.4
298.6
298.2

455.7
530.0
621.3
733.1
868.7
1030.4
1217.6
1423.6
1633.0
1820.0
1952.1
2000.7
1953.1
1821.8
1635.2
1425.9
1219.7
1032.3
870.3
734.4
622.4
530.9
456.4
395.7
346.0
305.3
271.7
243.8
220.6
201.1
184.7
170.8
159.0
148.9
140.4
133.0
126.8
121.4
116.8
113.0
109.7
107.0
104.8
103.0
101.7
100.7
100.2

459.6
479.9
502.2
526.5
553.8
589.2
638.5
706.8
798.3
915.9
1061.2
1234.8
1436.7
1666.2
1921.5
2199.1
2493.4
2796.9
3101.0
3396.2
3673.8
3926.5
4148.6
4337.0
4491.0
4612.0
4703.1
4768.4
4812.9
4841.0
4857.3
4865.2
4867.8
4867.1
4864.5
4861.2
4857.5
4854.0
4850.8
4847.9
4845.3
4843.2
4841.4
4839.9
4838.8
4838.0
4837.5

455.7
530.0
621.3
733.1
870.4
1046.2
1277.3
1581.0
1969.7
2441.6
2974.1
3522.1
4028.1
4445.0
4745.3
4924.6
4994.2
4973.0
4880.5
4734.7
4550.9
4341.7
4117.6
3887.3
3657.8
3434.9
3222.7
3024.3
2841.6
2675.5
2526.1
2392.8
2274.8
2170.9
2079.8
2000.2
1931.0
1870.9
1819.2
1774.8
1737.2
1705.6
1679.7
1659.0
1643.2
1632.1
1625.5

-9514.7
-10894.4
-12461.7
-14141.2
-15831.4
-17507.3
-19027.1
-19984.5
-19625.0
-16880.6
-10625.3
0.0
14635.8
32370.4
51623.3
70746.9
88385.4
103603.7
115864.1
124948.0
130876.3
133844.6
134170.4
132248.2
128508.7
123383.3
117274.4
110535.0
103455.8
96262.2
89117.3
82130.7
75369.1
68866.8
62636.6
56676.6
50976.5
45521.3
40293.1
35272.8
30440.2
25774.5
21253.8
16855.6
12556.5
8332.6
4159.1

180
185
190
195
200
205
210
215
220
225
230
235
240
245
250
255
260
265
270
275
280
285
290
295
300
305
310
315

180
185
190
195
200
205
210
215
220
225
230
235
240
245
250
255
260
265
270
275
280
285
290
295
300
305
310
315

1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000

0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

4837.4
4837.4
4837.4
4837.4
4837.4
4837.4
4837.4
4837.4
4837.4
4837.4
4837.4
4837.4
4837.4
4837.4
4837.4
4837.4
4837.4
4837.4
4837.4
4837.4
4837.4
4837.4
4837.4
4837.4
4837.4
4837.4
4837.4
4837.4

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

0.8
-301.5
-602.1
-898.9
-1189.3
-1469.9
-1736.1
-1982.4
-2202.1
-2387.4
-2529.7
-2620.1
-2649.7
-2610.4
-2495.2
-2299.4
-2021.1
-1662.0
-1227.4
-727.5
-176.3
407.8
1002.8
1584.3
2126.4
2602.9
2989.3
3263.9

cm
cm
CC
:1
CC
CC
CC
cm
cm

accelelration @

CC

0.144

instant
torque
N-m
0.1
-16.3
-32.7
-49.3
-66.0
-82.8
-99.7
-116.5
-133.1
-149.4
-165.2
-180.2
-194.4
-207.7
-220.1
-231.9
-243.4
-255.3
-268.4
-284.0
-303.3
-328.1
-360.2
-401.1
-452.6

-515.7
-590.5
-675.4
-766.5
-858.1
-948.9
-1031.3
-1083.2
-1063.7
-915.0
-575.9
0.0
793.3
1754.5
2798.1
3834.6
4790.6
5615.5
6280.0
6772.4
7093.7
7254.6
7272.3
7168.1
6965.4
6687.6
6356.5
5991.2
5607.5
5217.6
4830.3
4451.6
4085.1
3732.7
3395.0
3072.0
2763.0
2467.3
2184.0
1911.8
1649.9
1397.0
1152.0
913.6
680.6
451.6
225.4

0.0
-16.3
-32.6
-48.7
-64.5
-79.7
-94.1
-107.5
-119.4
-129.4
-137.1
-142.0
-143.6
-141.5
-135.2
-124.6
-109.5
-90.1
-66.5
-39.4
-9.6
22.1
54.4
85.9
115.3
141.1
162.0
176.9

reciprocrating engine forces

engine performance parmameters
calculated dimensions
engine displace
8000 CC
bore diameter
bore/stroke ratio
1
2
stroke
number of cylinders
8
displacement
angle between banks
90 DEGREES
L/r ratio
compression ratio
10.5 :1
swept volume
comb chamber volume
RPM
2000
total volume
engine component weights and dimensions
piston mass
1 kg
cylinder bank offset
piston pin mass
0.3 kg
cylinder spacing (c-c)
piston ring mass
0.18 kg
connecting rod mass
1.5 kg
connecting rod length c-c
25 cm
connecting rod piston pin CG distance
10 cm
piston position cylinder volume, velocity and acceleration
crank
piston
cylinder velocity
velocity @ RPM
angle
position
volume
constant
degree
mm
mm*100 cc
cm/s/RPM m/s
cm/s
540 10.84035 1084.035 1105.263 0.000308 0.006169 0.616879
545 10.82445 1082.445 1103.796 -0.03845 -0.76909 -76.9085
550 10.77625 1077.625 1099.35 -0.07717 -1.54331 -154.331
555 10.69585 1069.585 1091.933 -0.11577 -2.31534 -231.534
560 10.58336 1058.336 1081.556 -0.15419 -3.08371 -308.371
565 10.43902 1043.902 1068.241 -0.19233 -3.84659 -384.659
570 10.26312 1026.312 1052.015 -0.23008 -4.60163 -460.163
575 10.05607 1005.607 1032.914 -0.26729 -5.34589 -534.589
580 9.818393 981.8393 1010.989 -0.30379 -6.07577 -607.577
585 9.550785 955.0785 986.3031 -0.33935 -6.78699 -678.699
590 9.254112 925.4112 958.9356 -0.37373 -7.47458 -747.458
595 8.92945 892.945 928.9863 -0.40664 -8.13287 -813.287
600 8.578114 857.8114 896.5763 -0.43778 -8.75562 -875.562
605 8.201679 820.1679 861.8509
-0.4668 -9.33601 -933.601
610 7.80201 780.201 824.9823 -0.49334 -9.86684 -986.684
615 7.381276 738.1276 786.1704 -0.51703 -10.3406 -1034.06
620 6.941966 694.1966 745.6451 -0.53749 -10.7498 -1074.98
625 6.486897 648.6897 703.6659 -0.55434 -11.0867 -1108.67
630 6.019204 601.9204 660.5222 -0.56721 -11.3442 -1134.42
635 5.542337 554.2337 616.5322 -0.57577 -11.5155 -1151.55
640 5.06003 506.003 572.0404 -0.57971 -11.5943 -1159.43
645 4.576275 457.6275 527.415 -0.57876 -11.5753 -1157.53
650 4.095278 409.5278 483.044 -0.57271 -11.4542 -1145.42
655 3.621409 362.1409 439.3305
-0.5614 -11.2281 -1122.81
660 3.15914 315.914 396.6872 -0.54475 -10.8951 -1089.51

10.84035
10.84035
8000
4.612396
1000
105.2632
1105.263
3
18

accelerationaccelelration @
constant given RPM
cm/s^2/RPM
m/s^2
-0.0465
-1860.2
-0.04648
-1859
-0.04638 -1855.21
-0.04621 -1848.33
-0.04594 -1837.54
-0.04554 -1821.77
-0.04499 -1799.68
-0.04424 -1769.77
-0.04326 -1730.43
-0.042 -1679.97
-0.04042 -1616.74
-0.03848
-1539.2
-0.03615 -1445.94
-0.0334 -1335.84
-0.0302 -1208.05
-0.02655
-1062.1
-0.02245 -897.916
-0.0179 -715.889
-0.01292 -516.871
-0.00755 -302.194
-0.00184 -73.6672
0.004161 166.4457
0.010386 415.4564
0.016758 670.3007
0.02319 927.5966

665
670
675
680
685
690
695
700
705
710
715
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
105
110
115
120
125
130
135
140
145
150
155
160
165
170
175

2.712989
2.287446
1.886906
1.515597
1.177514
0.876352
0.615445
0.397715
0.225619
0.101114
0.02562
0
0.025085
0.100054
0.224046
0.395646
0.612904
0.873367
1.17412
1.51183
1.882807
2.283059
2.708359
3.154315
3.616436
4.090207
4.571151
5.054899
5.537242
6.014188
6.481996
6.937217
7.376709
7.797653
8.197558
8.57425
8.925861
9.250813
9.547788
9.81571
10.05371
10.26109
10.43732
10.582
10.69482
10.77557
10.82411

271.2989
228.7446
188.6906
151.5597
117.7514
87.63517
61.54452
39.7715
22.56192
10.11135
2.561981
0
2.508534
10.00536
22.40458
39.56462
61.29044
87.33674
117.412
151.183
188.2807
228.3059
270.8359
315.4315
361.6436
409.0207
457.1151
505.4899
553.7242
601.4188
648.1996
693.7217
737.6709
779.7653
819.7558
857.425
892.5861
925.0813
954.7788
981.571
1005.371
1026.109
1043.732
1058.2
1069.482
1077.557
1082.411

355.5307
316.2753
279.3263
245.0738
213.8864
186.1048
162.0367
141.9515
126.0761
114.5907
107.6265
105.2632
107.5772
114.4929
125.9309
141.7607
161.8023
185.8295
213.5732
244.7263
278.9482
315.8706
355.1037
396.2421
438.8719
482.5762
526.9423
571.567
616.0622
660.0594
703.2138
745.2069
785.7491
824.5804
861.4708
896.2198
928.6552
958.6313
986.0267
1010.742
1032.697
1051.827
1068.084
1081.431
1091.838
1099.287
1103.765

-0.52275
-0.49545
-0.463
-0.42562
-0.38363
-0.33741
-0.2874
-0.23413
-0.17817
-0.12016
-0.06075
0
0.060119
0.119538
0.177568
0.233546
0.286848
0.336894
0.383164
0.425202
0.462625
0.495128
0.522484
0.544549
0.561256
0.57262
0.578727
0.579729
0.57584
0.567326
0.554495
0.537687
0.517266
0.493609
0.467096
0.4381
0.406984
0.374086
0.339721
0.304171
0.267686
0.230479
0.192732
0.154592
0.116175
0.077576
0.038865

-10.4549
-9.90892
-9.25993
-8.51247
-7.67265
-6.74811
-5.74794
-4.68254
-3.56347
-2.40324
-1.21509
0
1.202384
2.390755
3.551356
4.67093
5.736959
6.737879
7.663274
8.504038
9.252509
9.902566
10.44969
10.89097
11.22513
11.45241
11.57453
11.59457
11.5168
11.34652
11.0899
10.75374
10.34532
9.872179
9.341912
8.762007
8.139678
7.481726
6.794421
6.083422
5.353714
4.609589
3.854647
3.091836
2.323509
1.551515
0.777305

-1045.49
-990.892
-925.993
-851.247
-767.265
-674.811
-574.794
-468.254
-356.347
-240.324
-121.509
0
120.2384
239.0755
355.1356
467.093
573.6959
673.7879
766.3274
850.4038
925.2509
990.2566
1044.969
1089.097
1122.513
1145.241
1157.453
1159.457
1151.68
1134.652
1108.99
1075.374
1034.532
987.2179
934.1912
876.2007
813.9678
748.1726
679.4421
608.3422
535.3714
460.9589
385.4647
309.1836
232.3509
155.1515
77.73051

0.029593
0.035871
0.041928
0.047667
0.052992
0.057814
0.06205
0.065626
0.068479
0.070556
0.071822
0.072252
0.071831
0.070574
0.068505
0.06566
0.062092
0.057862
0.053046
0.047725
0.041991
0.035937
0.02966
0.023258
0.016826
0.010453
0.004226
-0.00178
-0.0075
-0.01287
-0.01785
-0.0224
-0.02651
-0.03016
-0.03336
-0.03612
-0.03846
-0.0404
-0.04198
-0.04325
-0.04424
-0.04499
-0.04554
-0.04594
-0.04621
-0.04638
-0.04647

1183.714
1434.853
1677.13
1906.665
2119.675
2312.565
2482.012
2625.052
2739.147
2822.255
2872.876
2890.094
2873.235
2822.965
2740.195
2626.418
2483.673
2314.491
2121.833
1909.018
1679.638
1437.476
1186.411
930.3261
673.0233
418.1347
169.0454
-71.1767
-299.839
-514.674
-713.866
-896.077
-1060.45
-1206.6
-1334.58
-1444.87
-1538.29
-1616
-1679.37
-1729.95
-1769.41
-1799.41
-1821.57
-1837.4
-1848.23
-1855.16
-1858.98

180
185
190
195
200
205
210
215
220
225
230
235
240
245
250
255
260
265
270
275
280
285
290
295
300
305
310
315

10.84035
10.82428
10.77591
10.69533
10.58268
10.43817
10.26211
10.05489
9.817052
9.549287
9.252462
8.927656
8.576182
8.199619
7.799832
7.378992
6.939592
6.484447
6.016696
5.53979
5.057464
4.573713
4.092742
3.618922
3.156727
2.710674
2.285252
1.884856

1084.035
1082.428
1077.591
1069.533
1058.268
1043.817
1026.211
1005.489
981.7052
954.9287
925.2462
892.7656
857.6182
819.9619
779.9832
737.8992
693.9592
648.4447
601.6696
553.979
505.7464
457.3713
409.2742
361.8922
315.6727
271.0674
228.5252
188.4856

1105.263 0.000103 0.002056 0.205626

-0.0465
-1860.2
1103.78 -0.03866
-0.7732 -77.3195 -0.04647 -1858.99
1099.319 -0.07737 -1.54741 -154.741 -0.04638 -1855.18
1091.885 -0.11597 -2.31942 -231.942 -0.04621 -1848.28
1081.494 -0.15439 -3.08777 -308.777 -0.04594 -1837.47
1068.163 -0.19253 -3.85062 -385.062 -0.04554 -1821.67
1051.921 -0.23028 -4.60561 -460.561 -0.04499 -1799.54
1032.806 -0.26749
-5.3498
-534.98 -0.04424 -1769.59
1010.866 -0.30398
-6.0796
-607.96 -0.04325 -1730.19
986.165 -0.33954 -6.79071 -679.071 -0.04199 -1679.67
958.7835 -0.37391 -7.47815 -747.815 -0.04041 -1616.37
928.8208 -0.40681 -8.13628 -813.628 -0.03847 -1538.75
896.3981 -0.43794 -8.75881 -875.881 -0.03614 -1445.41
861.6609 -0.46695 -9.33896 -933.896 -0.03338 -1335.21
824.7814 -0.49348 -9.86951 -986.951 -0.03018 -1207.33
785.9598 -0.51715
-10.343
-1034.3 -0.02653 -1061.27
745.426 -0.53759 -10.7518 -1075.18 -0.02242 -896.997
703.4398 -0.55442 -11.0883 -1108.83 -0.01787 -714.878
660.2908 -0.56727 -11.3454 -1134.54 -0.01289 -515.773
616.2972 -0.57581 -11.5161 -1151.61 -0.00753 -301.017
571.8037 -0.57972 -11.5944 -1159.44 -0.00181 -72.4221
527.1786 -0.57875 -11.5749 -1157.49 0.004194 167.7454
482.8101 -0.57267 -11.4533 -1145.33 0.01042 416.7955
439.1012 -0.56133 -11.2266 -1122.66 0.016792 671.6619
396.4647 -0.54465
-10.893
-1089.3 0.023224 928.9613
355.3172 -0.52262 -10.4523 -1045.23 0.029627 1185.062
316.0729 -0.49529 -9.90574 -990.574 0.035904 1436.165
279.1372 -0.46281 -9.25622 -925.622 0.04196 1678.384

inertia effects with gas pressure = 0

crank
reciprocrating
rotating 0 deg orientation
90 deg orientation
piston
crankpin instant
angle
force
force
shake forceshake forceside force tangent force
torque
degree
Newtons Newtons Newtons Newtons Newtons Newtons N-m
540
-4427.3
1425.1
-5852.4
0.3
-0.7
-2.4
0.1
545
-4424.4
1425.1
-5844.2
-40.3
82.9
299.9
-16.3
550
-4415.4
1425.1
-5819.0
-80.9
165.7
600.5
-32.5
555
-4399.0
1425.1
-5775.8
-121.7
246.6
897.3
-48.6
560
-4373.3
1425.1
-5712.8
-162.8
324.5
1187.8
-64.4
565
-4335.8
1425.1
-5627.8
-204.7
398.3
1468.4
-79.6
570
-4283.2
1425.1
-5517.9
-247.9
466.5
1734.8
-94.0
575
-4212.1
1425.1
-5380.0
-293.3
527.3
1981.2
-107.4
580
-4118.4
1425.1
-5210.8
-341.8
579.1
2201.0
-119.3
585
-3998.3
1425.1
-5006.8
-394.4
619.8
2386.5
-129.4
590
-3847.9
1425.1
-4764.7
-452.3
647.6
2529.1
-137.1
595
-3663.3
1425.1
-4481.6
-516.5
660.7
2619.8
-142.0
600
-3441.3
1425.1
-4154.8
-587.8
657.5
2649.8
-143.6
605
-3179.3
1425.1
-3782.6
-666.6
636.9
2610.8
-141.5

610
615
620
625
630
635
640
645
650
655
660
665
670
675
680
685
690
695
700
705
710
715
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
105
110
115
120

-2875.2
-2527.8
-2137.0
-1703.8
-1230.2
-719.2
-175.3
396.1
988.8
1595.3
2207.7
2817.2
3415.0
3991.6
4537.9
5044.8
5503.9
5907.2
6247.6
6519.2
6717.0
6837.4
6878.4
6838.3
6718.7
6521.7
6250.9
5911.1
5508.5
5050.0
4543.5
3997.5
3421.2
2823.7
2214.2
1601.8
995.2
402.3
-169.4
-713.6
-1224.9
-1699.0
-2132.7
-2523.9
-2871.7
-3176.3
-3438.8

1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1

-3363.6
-2897.7
-2385.6
-1829.2
-1231.3
-596.2
71.0
763.8
1475.1
2196.5
2919.2
3633.6
4330.0
4998.4
5628.7
6211.5
6737.4
7198.2
7586.3
7895.4
8120.2
8257.0
8303.5
8258.0
8122.1
7898.2
7590.0
7202.7
6742.7
6217.4
5635.2
5005.3
4337.3
3641.1
2926.8
2204.2
1482.7
771.3
78.2
-589.3
-1224.8
-1823.0
-2379.9
-2892.5
-3358.9
-3778.4
-4151.1

-753.2
-847.0
-947.0
-1051.6
-1158.4
-1264.4
-1366.2
-1459.8
-1541.1
-1605.7
-1649.5
-1668.7
-1660.0
-1621.0
-1550.0
-1446.6
-1311.2
-1145.7
-953.0
-737.1
-502.9
-256.1
0.0
253.4
500.4
734.7
950.9
1143.8
1309.6
1445.3
1549.1
1620.4
1659.8
1668.8
1649.8
1606.2
1541.8
1460.7
1367.2
1265.5
1159.5
1052.7
948.1
848.0
754.1
667.5
588.5

598.1
541.3
467.0
376.9
273.2
159.1
38.3
-84.9
-205.8
-319.8
-422.2
-508.7
-575.6
-619.8
-639.3
-633.1
-601.1
-544.6
-465.7
-367.6
-254.4
-130.6
0.0
129.2
253.1
366.5
464.8
543.9
600.6
632.9
639.4
620.1
576.2
509.6
423.2
321.0
207.1
86.2
-37.0
-157.9
-272.0
-375.8
-466.1
-540.6
-597.6
-636.6
-657.4

2496.0
2300.6
2022.8
1664.1
1229.9
730.3
179.3
-404.6
-999.7
-1581.3
-2123.6
-2600.6
-2987.5
-3262.8
-3409.3
-3415.5
-3276.5
-2994.6
-2579.6
-2048.0
-1422.9
-732.3
0.0
724.7
1415.9
2041.8
2574.5
2990.9
3274.2
3414.8
3410.1
3265.1
2991.0
2605.2
2129.1
1587.3
1006.0
410.9
-173.3
-724.7
-1225.0
-1659.8
-2019.4
-2298.1
-2494.3
-2610.0
-2649.7

-135.3
-124.7
-109.6
-90.2
-66.7
-39.6
-9.7
21.9
54.2
85.7
115.1
141.0
161.9
176.8
184.8
185.1
177.6
162.3
139.8
111.0
77.1
39.7
0.0
-39.3
-76.7
-110.7
-139.5
-162.1
-177.5
-185.1
-184.8
-177.0
-162.1
-141.2
-115.4
-86.0
-54.5
-22.3
9.4
39.3
66.4
90.0
109.5
124.6
135.2
141.5
143.6

125
130
135
140
145
150
155
160
165
170
175
180
185
190
195
200
205
210
215
220
225
230
235
240
245
250
255
260
265
270
275
280
285
290
295
300
305
310
315

-3661.1
-3846.1
-3996.9
-4117.3
-4211.2
-4282.6
-4335.3
-4373.0
-4398.8
-4415.3
-4424.4
-4427.3
-4424.4
-4415.3
-4398.9
-4373.2
-4335.6
-4282.9
-4211.6
-4117.9
-3997.6
-3847.0
-3662.2
-3440.1
-3177.8
-2873.4
-2525.8
-2134.9
-1701.4
-1227.5
-716.4
-172.4
399.2
992.0
1598.6
2210.9
2820.4
3418.1
3994.6

1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1

-4478.3
-4761.9
-5004.4
-5208.8
-5378.4
-5516.6
-5626.8
-5712.1
-5775.2
-5818.7
-5844.0
-5852.4
-5844.1
-5818.8
-5775.5
-5712.5
-5627.3
-5517.3
-5379.2
-5209.8
-5005.6
-4763.3
-4480.0
-4153.0
-3780.5
-3361.3
-2895.1
-2382.8
-1826.1
-1228.0
-592.7
74.6
767.6
1478.9
2200.3
2923.0
3637.4
4333.7
5001.8

517.2
453.0
395.0
342.3
293.8
248.4
205.1
163.2
122.1
81.3
40.7
0.1
-40.5
-81.1
-121.9
-163.0
-204.9
-248.1
-293.5
-342.0
-394.7
-452.6
-516.9
-588.1
-667.1
-753.6
-847.5
-947.6
-1052.2
-1158.9
-1265.0
-1366.7
-1460.3
-1541.4
-1606.0
-1649.7
-1668.7
-1659.9
-1620.7

-660.8
-647.9
-620.2
-579.6
-527.9
-467.2
-399.1
-325.3
-247.4
-166.6
-83.8
-0.2
83.4
166.1
247.0
324.9
398.7
466.8
527.6
579.3
620.0
647.8
660.8
657.5
636.7
597.9
540.9
466.5
376.3
272.6
158.5
37.7
-85.5
-206.5
-320.4
-422.7
-509.1
-575.9
-620.0

-2620.4
-2530.3
-2388.3
-2203.2
-1983.7
-1737.5
-1471.3
-1190.8
-900.4
-603.6
-303.1
-0.8
301.5
602.1
898.9
1189.3
1469.9
1736.1
1982.4
2202.1
2387.4
2529.7
2620.1
2649.7
2610.4
2495.2
2299.4
2021.1
1662.0
1227.4
727.5
176.3
-407.8
-1002.8
-1584.3
-2126.4
-2602.9
-2989.3
-3263.9

142.0
137.1
129.4
119.4
107.5
94.2
79.7
64.5
48.8
32.7
16.4
0.0
-16.3
-32.6
-48.7
-64.5
-79.7
-94.1
-107.5
-119.4
-129.4
-137.1
-142.0
-143.6
-141.5
-135.2
-124.6
-109.5
-90.1
-66.5
-39.4
-9.6
22.1
54.4
85.9
115.3
141.1
162.0
176.9

combustion heat release and fraction of fuel burned

initial conditions
T0
T1
P0

25 oC
25 oC
100 Kpa

Cp
Cv
CP/Cv

1.0052 KJ/(kg-K)
0.718 KJ/(kg-K)
1.4

P1

100 Kpa

vol eff.
% of A.S. eff.
mech eff.
A/F ratio
exhaust valve open
computed analysis
heat added
mass air flow
mass air flow
heat added

90
60
85
13.5
180

angle comb start

time scasle for heat relaease
nTH power

680
80
3

air density
fuel LHV

%
%
%

1.2 kg/m^3
44 MJ/kg

displacement
# cylinders
test RPM

8000
8
2000

degrees
3.259
8.64
0.00108
0.00352
4539.4
0.01067

MJ/kg air
kg/min total
kg/cyl
MJ/cyl/cycle
oK
kg/sec

518.4 kg/hr

-40

crank
combust fraction compress T
P
T
P
crankpin
angle
angle
burned
ratio
w/o ht add w/o ht add w/ ht add w/ ht add tangent force
degree
degrees
Kpa
N
540
-180
0.000
1.00
298.0
100.0
298.0
100.0
2.4
545
-175
0.000
1.00
298.2
100.2
298.2
100.2
-300.4
550
-170
0.000
1.01
298.6
100.8
298.6
100.8
-604.2
555
-165
0.000
1.01
299.4
101.7
299.4
101.7
-910.2
560
-160
0.000
1.02
300.6
103.1
300.6
103.1
-1218.7
565
-155
0.000
1.03
302.1
104.9
302.1
104.9
-1529.5
570
-150
0.000
1.05
303.9
107.2
303.9
107.2
-1841.7
575
-145
0.000
1.07
306.2
109.9
306.2
109.9
-2153.8
580
-140
0.000
1.09
308.8
113.3
308.8
113.3
-2463.2
585
-135
0.000
1.12
311.9
117.3
311.9
117.3
-2767.2
590
-130
0.000
1.15
315.4
122.0
315.4
122.0
-3062.5
595
-125
0.000
1.19
319.4
127.5
319.4
127.5
-3346.5
600
-120
0.000
1.23
324.0
134.0
324.0
134.0
-3616.8
605
-115
0.000
1.28
329.2
141.7
329.2
141.7
-3873.1
610
-110
0.000
1.34
335.0
150.6
335.0
150.6
-4116.9
615
-105
0.000
1.41
341.5
161.1
341.5
161.1
-4353.0
620
-100
0.000
1.48
348.8
173.5
348.8
173.5
-4590.1
625
-95
0.000
1.57
357.0
188.2
357.0
188.2
-4841.4
630
-90
0.000
1.67
366.1
205.6
366.1
205.6
-5125.5
635
-85
0.000
1.79
376.4
226.4
376.4
226.4
-5466.7
640
-80
0.000
1.93
387.8
251.5
387.8
251.5
-5894.8
645
-75
0.000
2.10
400.6
281.7
400.6
281.7
-6444.8
650
-70
0.000
2.29
415.0
318.6
415.0
318.6
-7156.0
655
-65
0.000
2.52
431.0
363.9
431.0
363.9
-8069.9
660
-60
0.000
2.79
449.0
419.8
449.0
419.8
-9226.9

665
670
675
680
685
690
695
700
705
710
715
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
105
110
115
120
125
130
135
140
145
150
155
160
165
170
175

-55
-50
-45
-40
-35
-30
-25
-20
-15
-10
-5
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
105
110
115
120
125
130
135
140
145
150
155
160
165
170
175

0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.002
0.007
0.016
0.030
0.051
0.080
0.118
0.163
0.217
0.277
0.344
0.415
0.488
0.561
0.632
0.699
0.759
0.813
0.858
0.896
0.926
0.949
0.966
0.978
0.986
0.992
0.995
0.997
0.999
0.999
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000

3.11
3.49
3.96
4.51
5.17
5.94
6.82
7.79
8.77
9.65
10.27
10.50
10.27
9.65
8.78
7.80
6.83
5.95
5.18
4.52
3.96
3.50
3.11
2.79
2.52
2.29
2.10
1.93
1.79
1.67
1.57
1.48
1.41
1.34
1.28
1.23
1.19
1.15
1.12
1.09
1.07
1.05
1.03
1.02
1.01
1.01
1.00

469.1
491.6
516.6
544.4
574.8
607.7
642.3
677.2
710.1
737.8
756.5
763.3
756.7
738.1
710.5
677.6
642.7
608.1
575.2
544.7
516.9
491.8
469.3
449.2
431.2
415.1
400.8
387.9
376.5
366.2
357.1
348.9
341.6
335.0
329.2
324.1
319.5
315.5
311.9
308.8
306.2
304.0
302.1
300.6
299.5
298.6
298.2

489.4
576.4
686.0
823.8
996.8
1211.1
1470.3
1769.5
2089.1
2388.0
2607.1
2689.5
2608.8
2390.9
2092.5
1772.9
1473.2
1213.6
998.8
825.5
687.3
577.5
490.2
420.4
364.4
319.1
282.1
251.7
226.7
205.8
188.3
173.6
161.2
150.7
141.7
134.1
127.6
122.1
117.3
113.3
110.0
107.2
104.9
103.1
101.7
100.8
100.2

469.1
491.6
516.6
544.4
575.9
616.6
672.2
747.6
846.6
971.0
1121.2
1296.7
1496.8
1721.4
1969.9
2240.0
2527.2
2824.4
3123.2
3414.1
3688.3
3938.1
4158.0
4344.7
4497.3
4617.2
4707.4
4772.0
4815.8
4843.5
4859.3
4866.9
4869.2
4868.2
4865.4
4861.9
4858.1
4854.5
4851.2
4848.2
4845.5
4843.3
4841.5
4840.0
4838.8
4838.0
4837.5

489.4
576.4
686.0
823.8
998.7
1228.8
1538.5
1953.4
2490.5
3142.8
3863.8
4568.8
5160.4
5576.3
5801.7
5860.6
5792.9
5637.2
5423.7
5174.2
4904.0
4624.1
4342.9
4066.8
3800.7
3548.6
3313.3
3096.6
2899.3
2721.6
2562.9
2422.3
2298.4
2189.7
2094.7
2012.1
1940.3
1878.2
1824.8
1779.0
1740.3
1707.8
1681.2
1659.9
1643.7
1632.3
1625.5

-10661.4
-12392.5
-14410.9
-16656.9
-19035.5
-21518.6
-23914.3
-25657.5
-25662.7
-22361.1
-14141.1
0.0
19063.7
41167.9
63827.0
84971.3
103296.4
118172.5
129418.4
137119.1
141517.6
142956.2
141841.9
138617.4
133734.2
127626.6
120689.3
113261.1
105615.9
97961.6
90444.9
83160.0
76160.5
69469.6
63090.6
57013.9
51223.1
45697.8
40416.3
35356.0
30494.1
25807.4
21272.4
16864.9
12560.4
8333.7
4159.3

180
185
190
195
200
205
210
215
220
225
230
235
240
245
250
255
260
265
270
275
280
285
290
295
300
305
310
315

180
185
190
195
200
205
210
215
220
225
230
235
240
245
250
255
260
265
270
275
280
285
290
295
300
305
310
315

1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000

0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

4837.4
4837.4
4837.4
4837.4
4837.4
4837.4
4837.4
4837.4
4837.4
4837.4
4837.4
4837.4
4837.4
4837.4
4837.4
4837.4
4837.4
4837.4
4837.4
4837.4
4837.4
4837.4
4837.4
4837.4
4837.4
4837.4
4837.4
4837.4

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

0.8
-301.5
-602.1
-898.9
-1189.3
-1469.9
-1736.1
-1982.4
-2202.1
-2387.4
-2529.7
-2620.1
-2649.7
-2610.4
-2495.2
-2299.4
-2021.1
-1662.0
-1227.4
-727.5
-176.3
407.8
1002.8
1584.3
2126.4
2602.9
2989.3
3263.9

cm
cm
CC
:1
CC
CC
CC
cm
cm

accelelration @

CC

0.144 kg/sec

instant
torque
N-m
0.1
-16.3
-32.8
-49.3
-66.1
-82.9
-99.8
-116.7
-133.5
-150.0
-166.0
-181.4
-196.0
-209.9
-223.1
-235.9
-248.8
-262.4
-277.8
-296.3
-319.5
-349.3
-387.9
-437.4
-500.1

-577.9
-671.7
-781.1
-902.8
-1031.8
-1166.3
-1296.2
-1390.7
-1391.0
-1212.0
-766.5
0.0
1033.3
2231.4
3459.5
4605.6
5598.9
6405.2
7014.7
7432.1
7670.5
7748.5
7688.1
7513.3
7248.6
6917.6
6541.6
6139.0
5724.6
5309.7
4902.3
4507.4
4128.0
3765.4
3419.6
3090.3
2776.4
2476.9
2190.6
1916.4
1652.8
1398.8
1153.0
914.1
680.8
451.7
225.4

0.0
-16.3
-32.6
-48.7
-64.5
-79.7
-94.1
-107.5
-119.4
-129.4
-137.1
-142.0
-143.6
-141.5
-135.2
-124.6
-109.5
-90.1
-66.5
-39.4
-9.6
22.1
54.4
85.9
115.3
141.1
162.0
176.9

reciprocrating engine forces

engine performance parmameters
calculated dimensions
engine displace
8000 CC
bore diameter
bore/stroke ratio
1.5
2
stroke
number of cylinders
8
displacement
angle between banks
90 DEGREES
L/r ratio
compression ratio
8.5 :1
swept volume
comb chamber volume
RPM
2000
total volume
engine component weights and dimensions
piston mass
1 kg
cylinder bank offset
piston pin mass
0.3 kg
cylinder spacing (c-c)
piston ring mass
0.18 kg
connecting rod mass
1.5 kg
connecting rod length c-c
25 cm
connecting rod piston pin CG distance
10 cm
piston position cylinder volume, velocity and acceleration
crank
piston
cylinder velocity
velocity @ RPM
angle
position
volume
constant
degree
mm
mm*100 cc
cm/s/RPM m/s
cm/s
540 8.272737 827.2737 1133.333 0.000251 0.005016 0.501634
545 8.259808 825.9808 1131.77 -0.03126 -0.62522 -62.5221
550 8.220642 822.0642 1127.036 -0.06268 -1.25351 -125.351
555 8.155368 815.5368 1119.146 -0.09389 -1.87782 -187.782
560 8.064204 806.4204 1108.126
-0.1248 -2.49597 -249.597
565 7.947463 794.7463 1094.014 -0.15528
-3.1056
-310.56
570 7.805561 780.5561 1076.861
-0.1852 -3.70408 -370.408
575 7.63903 763.903 1056.731 -0.21442 -4.28848 -428.848
580 7.448528 744.8528 1033.704 -0.24278 -4.85557 -485.557
585 7.234848 723.4848 1007.874 -0.27009 -5.40177 -540.177
590 6.99894 699.894 979.3579 -0.29616 -5.92318 -592.318
595 6.741913 674.1913 948.2888 -0.32078 -6.41558 -641.558
600 6.465059 646.5059 914.823 -0.34372
-6.8745
-687.45
605 6.169855 616.9855 879.139 -0.36476 -7.29524 -729.524
610 5.857974 585.7974 841.4392 -0.38365 -7.67298 -767.298
615 5.531295 553.1295 801.9505 -0.40014 -8.00284 -800.284
620 5.191899 519.1899 760.9247
-0.414 -8.27998 -827.998
625 4.842069 484.2069 718.6377 -0.42499 -8.49972 -849.972
630 4.484284 448.4284 675.389 -0.43288 -8.65764 -865.764
635 4.121204 412.1204 631.5001 -0.43748
-8.7497
-874.97
640 3.75565 375.565 587.3125 -0.43862 -8.77237 -877.237
645 3.390588 339.0588 543.1841 -0.43614 -8.72274 -872.274
650 3.029092 302.9092 499.4869 -0.42993 -8.59861 -859.861
655 2.674316 267.4316 456.6019 -0.41993 -8.39857 -839.857
660 2.329453 232.9453 414.9152 -0.40611 -8.12215 -812.215

12.40911
8.272738
8000
6.043948
1000
133.3333
1133.333
3
18

accelerationaccelelration @
constant given RPM
cm/s^2/RPM
m/s^2
-0.03782 -1512.68
-0.03776 -1510.37
-0.03758
-1503.3
-0.03728 -1491.21
-0.03684
-1473.7
-0.03626
-1450.2
-0.0355 -1420.07
-0.03456 -1382.55
-0.03342 -1336.86
-0.03205
-1282.2
-0.03044 -1217.78
-0.02857 -1142.93
-0.02643 -1057.05
-0.02399 -959.719
-0.02127 -850.706
-0.01825 -729.996
-0.01495 -597.822
-0.01137 -454.686
-0.00753 -301.367
-0.00347 -138.925
0.000783 31.30018
0.005193 207.7085
0.009711 388.4558
0.014287 571.4858
0.018864 754.5654

665
670
675
680
685
690
695
700
705
710
715
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
105
110
115
120
125
130
135
140
145
150
155
160
165
170
175

1.997698
1.682204
1.386038
1.112135
0.863261
0.641963
0.450536
0.290988
0.165004
0.073926
0.018728
0
0.018337
0.07315
0.163852
0.289472
0.448673
0.639772
0.860765
1.10936
1.38301
1.678956
1.994261
2.325859
2.6706
3.025288
3.38673
3.75177
4.117334
4.480456
4.838311
5.188239
5.527758
5.854583
6.166631
6.462021
6.739078
6.996322
7.232461
7.446381
7.637134
7.803923
7.946089
8.0631
8.154537
8.220086
8.25953

199.7698
168.2204
138.6038
111.2135
86.3261
64.19628
45.05362
29.09875
16.50037
7.392561
1.872761
0
1.833689
7.315045
16.38524
28.94724
44.86733
63.97718
86.07646
110.936
138.301
167.8956
199.4261
232.5859
267.06
302.5288
338.673
375.177
411.7334
448.0456
483.8311
518.8239
552.7758
585.4583
616.6631
646.2021
673.9078
699.6322
723.2461
744.6381
763.7134
780.3923
794.6089
806.31
815.4537
822.0086
825.953

374.813
336.6764
300.8761
267.7671
237.6834
210.9331
187.7937
168.5076
153.2788
142.2694
135.5971
133.3333
135.5499
142.1757
153.1396
168.3245
187.5685
210.6683
237.3817
267.4316
300.5102
336.2838
374.3975
414.4808
456.1527
499.0271
542.7177
586.8434
631.0324
674.9262
718.1834
760.4823
801.523
841.0293
878.7493
914.4558
947.9461
979.0415
1007.586
1033.444
1056.502
1076.663
1093.848
1107.992
1119.045
1126.969
1131.737

-0.38849
-0.36715
-0.34222
-0.31386
-0.28231
-0.24785
-0.2108
-0.17151
-0.1304
-0.08788
-0.04441
0
0.043949
0.087423
0.129952
0.171084
0.210391
0.247472
0.281963
0.313543
0.341933
0.366906
0.388284
0.405941
0.419802
0.429844
0.436091
0.438612
0.437515
0.432948
0.425086
0.414131
0.400303
0.383837
0.364974
0.343958
0.321031
0.296428
0.270372
0.243074
0.21473
0.185518
0.155601
0.125125
0.094221
0.063008
0.031595

-7.76982
-7.34304
-6.84432
-6.27722
-5.64628
-4.95703
-4.21593
-3.43023
-2.60793
-1.75759
-0.88828
0
0.878987
1.748454
2.599037
3.421688
4.207818
4.949434
5.639262
6.270852
6.838661
7.338121
7.765677
8.118812
8.396041
8.596883
8.721821
8.772232
8.750309
8.658965
8.501727
8.282623
8.006068
7.676742
7.299481
6.879167
6.420629
5.928559
5.407438
4.861481
4.294594
3.710356
3.112014
2.50249
1.884413
1.260158
0.6319

-776.982
-734.304
-684.432
-627.722
-564.628
-495.703
-421.593
-343.023
-260.793
-175.759
-88.8277
0
87.89872
174.8454
259.9037
342.1688
420.7818
494.9434
563.9262
627.0852
683.8661
733.8121
776.5677
811.8812
839.6041
859.6883
872.1821
877.2232
875.0309
865.8965
850.1727
828.2623
800.6068
767.6742
729.9481
687.9167
642.0629
592.8559
540.7438
486.1481
429.4594
371.0356
311.2014
250.249
188.4413
126.0158
63.18996

0.023383
0.027783
0.032001
0.035976
0.039648
0.042961
0.045861
0.048302
0.050246
0.051659
0.052519
0.052812
0.052526
0.051671
0.050264
0.048326
0.045889
0.042994
0.039685
0.036017
0.032045
0.027829
0.023431
0.018912
0.014336
0.00976
0.00524
0.000829
-0.00343
-0.00749
-0.01133
-0.01491
-0.01822
-0.02124
-0.02397
-0.0264
-0.02855
-0.03043
-0.03204
-0.03341
-0.03455
-0.03549
-0.03625
-0.03684
-0.03728
-0.03758
-0.03776

935.3275
1111.319
1280.051
1439.055
1585.934
1718.42
1834.427
1932.094
2009.836
2066.376
2100.779
2112.475
2101.023
2066.858
2010.548
1933.026
1835.562
1719.741
1587.418
1440.68
1281.793
1113.151
937.2237
756.4992
573.4316
390.3891
209.6064
33.142
-137.158
-299.689
-453.112
-596.36
-728.653
-849.487
-958.624
-1056.08
-1142.07
-1217.04
-1281.57
-1336.33
-1382.11
-1419.71
-1449.92
-1473.48
-1491.06
-1503.2
-1510.32

180
185
190
195
200
205
210
215
220
225
230
235
240
245
250
255
260
265
270
275
280
285
290
295
300
305
310
315

8.272738
8.259669
8.220365
8.154953
8.063652
7.946776
7.804742
7.638083
7.447455
7.233655
6.997631
6.740496
6.463541
6.168243
5.856279
5.529527
5.190069
4.840191
4.48237
4.119269
3.75371
3.388659
3.02719
2.672458
2.327656
1.995979
1.68058
1.384524

827.2738
825.9669
822.0365
815.4953
806.3652
794.6776
780.4742
763.8083
744.7455
723.3655
699.7631
674.0496
646.3541
616.8243
585.6279
552.9527
519.0069
484.0191
448.237
411.9269
375.371
338.8659
302.719
267.2458
232.7656
199.5979
168.058
138.4524

1133.333
1131.754
1127.002
1119.096
1108.059
1093.931
1076.762
1056.617
1033.574
1007.73
979.1997
948.1175
914.6394
878.9441
841.2342
801.7368
760.7035
718.4105
675.1576
631.2663
587.0779
542.9509
499.257
456.3773
414.698
374.6052
336.48
300.6931

8.36E-05 0.001672 0.167211 -0.03782 -1512.68

-0.03143 -0.62856 -62.8561 -0.03776 -1510.35
-0.06284 -1.25683 -125.683 -0.03758 -1503.25
-0.09406 -1.88112 -188.112 -0.03728 -1491.14
-0.12496 -2.49923 -249.923 -0.03684 -1473.59
-0.15544 -3.10881 -310.881 -0.03625 -1450.06
-0.18536 -3.70722 -370.722
-0.0355 -1419.89
-0.21458 -4.29154 -429.154 -0.03456 -1382.33
-0.24293 -4.85853 -485.853 -0.03341
-1336.6
-0.27023
-5.4046
-540.46 -0.03205 -1281.88
-0.29629 -5.92587 -592.587 -0.03044 -1217.41
-0.32091
-6.4181
-641.81 -0.02856
-1142.5
-0.34384 -6.87683 -687.683 -0.02641 -1056.56
-0.36487 -7.29736 -729.736 -0.02398 -959.172
-0.38374 -7.67486 -767.486 -0.02125 -850.097
-0.40022 -8.00446 -800.446 -0.01823 -729.325
-0.41407
-8.2813
-828.13 -0.01493 -597.091
-0.42504 -8.50072 -850.072 -0.01135 -453.899
-0.43292
-8.6583
-865.83 -0.00751 -300.528
-0.4375
-8.75
-875 -0.00345 -138.042
-0.43862
-8.7723
-877.23 0.000806
32.221
-0.43611 -8.72228 -872.228 0.005216 208.6574
-0.42989 -8.59775 -859.775 0.009736 389.4224
-0.41987 -8.39731 -839.731 0.014311 572.4587
-0.40602 -8.12048 -812.048 0.018888 755.5323
-0.38839 -7.76775 -776.775 0.023407 936.2757
-0.36703 -7.34058 -734.058 0.027806 1112.235
-0.34207 -6.84149 -684.149 0.032023 1280.922

inertia effects with gas pressure = 0

crank
reciprocrating
rotating 0 deg orientation
90 deg orientation
piston
crankpin instant
angle
force
force
shake forceshake forceside force tangent force
torque
degree
Newtons Newtons Newtons Newtons Newtons Newtons N-m
540
-3600.2
1087.5
-4687.7
0.3
-0.4
-2.1
0.1
545
-3594.7
1087.5
-4678.2
-42.6
51.4
259.6
-10.7
550
-3577.9
1087.5
-4649.0
-85.7
102.4
517.9
-21.4
555
-3549.1
1087.5
-4599.8
-129.2
151.7
769.6
-31.8
560
-3507.4
1087.5
-4529.6
-173.1
198.4
1010.7
-41.8
565
-3451.5
1087.5
-4437.5
-217.9
241.6
1237.4
-51.2
570
-3379.8
1087.5
-4322.0
-263.8
280.2
1445.0
-59.8
575
-3290.5
1087.5
-4181.8
-311.2
313.4
1628.5
-67.4
580
-3181.7
1087.5
-4015.4
-360.4
340.0
1782.7
-73.7
585
-3051.6
1087.5
-3821.2
-411.7
359.2
1902.0
-78.7
590
-2898.3
1087.5
-3598.0
-465.5
370.1
1980.7
-81.9
595
-2720.2
1087.5
-3344.6
-521.9
371.9
2013.5
-83.3
600
-2515.8
1087.5
-3060.3
-581.1
364.1
1995.5
-82.5
605
-2284.1
1087.5
-2744.5
-642.9
346.3
1922.8
-79.5

610
615
620
625
630
635
640
645
650
655
660
665
670
675
680
685
690
695
700
705
710
715
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
105
110
115
120

-2024.7
-1737.4
-1422.8
-1082.2
-717.3
-330.6
74.5
494.3
924.5
1360.1
1795.9
2226.1
2644.9
3046.5
3425.0
3774.5
4089.8
4365.9
4598.4
4783.4
4918.0
4999.9
5027.7
5000.4
4919.1
4785.1
4600.6
4368.6
4093.0
3778.1
3428.8
3050.7
2649.3
2230.6
1800.5
1364.8
929.1
498.9
78.9
-326.4
-713.3
-1078.4
-1419.3
-1734.2
-2021.8
-2281.5
-2513.5

1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5

-2397.4
-2019.7
-1612.5
-1177.8
-718.1
-236.7
262.5
775.0
1295.6
1818.9
2338.8
2849.1
3343.3
3814.9
4257.4
4664.8
5031.2
5351.2
5620.0
5833.6
5988.8
6083.2
6115.2
6083.8
5990.1
5835.6
5622.6
5354.3
5034.8
4668.9
4262.0
3819.7
3348.4
2854.4
2344.3
1824.5
1301.2
780.4
267.8
-231.5
-713.1
-1173.1
-1608.1
-2015.5
-2393.6
-2741.0
-3057.1

-707.0
-772.7
-839.1
-905.0
-968.9
-1029.0
-1083.3
-1129.7
-1166.1
-1190.1
-1199.8
-1193.3
-1169.2
-1126.4
-1064.4
-983.2
-883.5
-766.4
-633.7
-488.0
-331.9
-168.6
0.0
166.9
330.2
486.4
632.3
765.0
882.3
982.3
1063.7
1125.9
1168.8
1193.1
1199.8
1190.3
1166.4
1130.2
1083.9
1029.6
969.5
905.7
839.8
773.4
707.7
643.6
581.7

318.6
281.2
234.9
180.8
120.3
55.3
-12.3
-80.1
-145.6
-206.4
-260.1
-304.7
-338.2
-359.2
-366.7
-360.3
-340.0
-306.6
-261.3
-205.7
-142.1
-72.9
0.0
72.1
141.4
205.1
260.7
306.2
339.7
360.1
366.7
359.4
338.5
305.1
260.7
207.0
146.2
80.8
13.0
-54.6
-119.7
-180.2
-234.4
-280.8
-318.2
-346.1
-363.9

1792.8
1604.8
1360.0
1062.1
717.2
334.2
-75.5
-498.3
-918.7
-1320.2
-1685.9
-1999.1
-2244.8
-2409.9
-2484.5
-2462.6
-2342.4
-2126.4
-1822.1
-1440.9
-998.3
-512.9
0.0
507.6
993.4
1436.5
1818.4
2123.7
2340.6
2461.9
2484.8
2411.1
2247.0
2002.1
1689.5
1324.3
923.1
502.8
79.9
-330.0
-713.3
-1058.6
-1357.1
-1602.5
-1791.2
-1921.7
-1995.0

-74.2
-66.4
-56.3
-43.9
-29.7
-13.8
3.1
20.6
38.0
54.6
69.7
82.7
92.9
99.7
102.8
101.9
96.9
88.0
75.4
59.6
41.3
21.2
0.0
-21.0
-41.1
-59.4
-75.2
-87.8
-96.8
-101.8
-102.8
-99.7
-92.9
-82.8
-69.9
-54.8
-38.2
-20.8
-3.3
13.6
29.5
43.8
56.1
66.3
74.1
79.5
82.5

125
130
135
140
145
150
155
160
165
170
175
180
185
190
195
200
205
210
215
220
225
230
235
240
245
250
255
260
265
270
275
280
285
290
295
300
305
310
315

-2718.1
-2896.6
-3050.1
-3180.5
-3289.4
-3378.9
-3450.8
-3506.9
-3548.7
-3577.6
-3594.6
-3600.2
-3594.6
-3577.7
-3548.9
-3507.1
-3451.1
-3379.3
-3290.0
-3181.1
-3050.9
-2897.4
-2719.2
-2514.6
-2282.8
-2023.2
-1735.8
-1421.1
-1080.3
-715.3
-328.5
76.7
496.6
926.8
1362.5
1798.2
2228.3
2647.1
3048.6

1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5
1087.5

-3341.8
-3595.5
-3819.0
-4013.5
-4180.2
-4320.7
-4436.4
-4528.8
-4599.1
-4648.6
-4678.0
-4687.7
-4678.1
-4648.8
-4599.5
-4529.2
-4436.9
-4321.3
-4181.0
-4014.4
-3820.1
-3596.8
-3343.2
-3058.7
-2742.8
-2395.5
-2017.6
-1610.3
-1175.4
-715.6
-234.1
265.2
777.7
1298.4
1821.7
2341.6
2851.8
3345.8
3817.3

522.5
466.0
412.2
360.9
311.7
264.3
218.4
173.6
129.6
86.2
43.1
0.1
-42.8
-85.9
-129.4
-173.4
-218.2
-264.1
-311.4
-360.6
-412.0
-465.8
-522.2
-581.4
-643.2
-707.3
-773.0
-839.4
-905.3
-969.2
-1029.3
-1083.6
-1130.0
-1166.2
-1190.2
-1199.8
-1193.2
-1169.0
-1126.1

-371.9
-370.2
-359.4
-340.3
-313.7
-280.6
-242.0
-198.9
-152.2
-103.0
-52.0
-0.1
51.7
102.7
152.0
198.6
241.8
280.4
313.5
340.1
359.3
370.1
371.9
364.0
346.2
318.4
281.0
234.7
180.5
120.0
54.9
-12.7
-80.4
-145.9
-206.7
-260.4
-304.9
-338.4
-359.3

-2013.6
-1981.3
-1903.1
-1784.2
-1630.3
-1447.1
-1239.7
-1013.2
-772.2
-520.6
-262.3
-0.7
260.9
519.3
770.9
1012.0
1238.5
1446.0
1629.4
1783.5
1902.5
1981.0
2013.5
1995.2
1922.2
1792.0
1603.7
1358.6
1060.3
715.2
332.1
-77.7
-500.5
-920.9
-1322.3
-1687.7
-2000.6
-2245.9
-2410.5

83.3
82.0
78.7
73.8
67.4
59.9
51.3
41.9
31.9
21.5
10.9
0.0
-10.8
-21.5
-31.9
-41.9
-51.2
-59.8
-67.4
-73.8
-78.7
-81.9
-83.3
-82.5
-79.5
-74.1
-66.3
-56.2
-43.9
-29.6
-13.7
3.2
20.7
38.1
54.7
69.8
82.8
92.9
99.7

combustion heat release and fraction of fuel burned

initial conditions
T0
T1
P0

25 oC
25 oC
100 Kpa

Cp
Cv
CP/Cv

1.0052 KJ/(kg-K)
0.718 KJ/(kg-K)
1.4

P1

100 Kpa

vol eff.
% of A.S. eff.
mech eff.
A/F ratio
exhaust valve open
computed analysis
heat added
mass air flow
mass air flow
heat added

90
60
85
13.5
180

angle comb start

time scasle for heat relaease
nTH power

680
80
3

air density
fuel LHV

%
%
%

1.2 kg/m^3
44 MJ/kg

displacement
# cylinders
test RPM

8000
8
2000

degrees
3.259
8.64
0.00108
0.00352
4539.4
0.01067

MJ/kg air
kg/min total
kg/cyl
MJ/cyl/cycle
oK
kg/sec

518.4 kg/hr

-40

crank
combust fraction compress T
P
T
P
crankpin
angle
angle
burned
ratio
w/o ht add w/o ht add w/ ht add w/ ht add tangent force
degree
degrees
Kpa
N
540
-180
0.000
1.00
298.0
100.0
298.0
100.0
2.1
545
-175
0.000
1.00
298.2
100.2
298.2
100.2
-260.2
550
-170
0.000
1.01
298.7
100.8
298.7
100.8
-523.4
555
-165
0.000
1.01
299.5
101.8
299.5
101.8
-788.2
560
-160
0.000
1.02
300.7
103.2
300.7
103.2
-1055.3
565
-155
0.000
1.04
302.2
105.1
302.2
105.1
-1325.2
570
-150
0.000
1.05
304.2
107.4
304.2
107.4
-1598.3
575
-145
0.000
1.07
306.5
110.3
306.5
110.3
-1874.9
580
-140
0.000
1.10
309.2
113.7
309.2
113.7
-2155.2
585
-135
0.000
1.12
312.3
117.9
312.3
117.9
-2440.0
590
-130
0.000
1.16
315.9
122.7
315.9
122.7
-2730.2
595
-125
0.000
1.20
320.0
128.3
320.0
128.3
-3028.0
600
-120
0.000
1.24
324.7
135.0
324.7
135.0
-3336.5
605
-115
0.000
1.29
329.9
142.7
329.9
142.7
-3660.7
610
-110
0.000
1.35
335.7
151.7
335.7
151.7
-4007.6
615
-105
0.000
1.41
342.2
162.3
342.2
162.3
-4386.9
620
-100
0.000
1.49
349.5
174.7
349.5
174.7
-4811.2
625
-95
0.000
1.58
357.6
189.2
357.6
189.2
-5296.3
630
-90
0.000
1.68
366.6
206.4
366.6
206.4
-5861.4
635
-85
0.000
1.79
376.5
226.8
376.5
226.8
-6529.1
640
-80
0.000
1.93
387.6
251.0
387.6
251.0
-7324.4
645
-75
0.000
2.09
399.9
280.0
399.9
280.0
-8274.5
650
-70
0.000
2.27
413.6
314.9
413.6
314.9
-9406.4
655
-65
0.000
2.48
428.7
357.1
428.7
357.1 -10744.7
660
-60
0.000
2.73
445.4
408.3
445.4
408.3 -12307.2

665
670
675
680
685
690
695
700
705
710
715
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
105
110
115
120
125
130
135
140
145
150
155
160
165
170
175

-55
-50
-45
-40
-35
-30
-25
-20
-15
-10
-5
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
105
110
115
120
125
130
135
140
145
150
155
160
165
170
175

0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.002
0.007
0.016
0.030
0.051
0.080
0.118
0.163
0.217
0.277
0.344
0.415
0.488
0.561
0.632
0.699
0.759
0.813
0.858
0.896
0.926
0.949
0.966
0.978
0.986
0.992
0.995
0.997
0.999
0.999
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000

3.02
3.37
3.77
4.23
4.77
5.37
6.03
6.73
7.39
7.97
8.36
8.50
8.36
7.97
7.40
6.73
6.04
5.38
4.77
4.24
3.77
3.37
3.03
2.73
2.48
2.27
2.09
1.93
1.80
1.68
1.58
1.49
1.41
1.35
1.29
1.24
1.20
1.16
1.12
1.10
1.07
1.05
1.04
1.02
1.01
1.01
1.00

463.9
484.3
506.5
530.7
556.6
583.9
611.6
638.7
663.4
683.5
696.7
701.4
696.8
683.6
663.6
639.0
611.9
584.1
556.9
531.0
506.8
484.5
464.1
445.6
428.9
413.7
400.1
387.7
376.7
366.7
357.7
349.6
342.3
335.8
329.9
324.7
320.1
316.0
312.4
309.2
306.5
304.2
302.3
300.7
299.5
298.7
298.2

470.7
547.0
640.3
753.8
890.6
1052.7
1238.6
1441.6
1646.0
1827.0
1954.1
2000.7
1955.1
1828.7
1648.1
1443.8
1240.7
1054.5
892.2
755.1
641.4
547.9
471.4
408.9
357.6
315.3
280.3
251.3
227.0
206.6
189.4
174.8
162.4
151.8
142.8
135.0
128.4
122.7
117.9
113.8
110.3
107.4
105.1
103.2
101.8
100.8
100.2

463.9
484.3
506.5
530.7
557.7
592.7
641.5
709.1
799.8
916.6
1061.4
1234.8
1436.9
1667.0
1923.0
2201.4
2496.4
2800.5
3104.9
3400.4
3678.2
3930.8
4152.8
4341.2
4495.0
4615.8
4706.6
4771.8
4815.9
4843.9
4859.9
4867.6
4869.9
4868.9
4866.1
4862.5
4858.7
4855.0
4851.6
4848.5
4845.8
4843.5
4841.6
4840.1
4838.9
4838.0
4837.5

470.7
547.0
640.3
753.8
892.4
1068.7
1299.0
1600.4
1984.5
2450.4
2976.8
3522.1
4031.6
4459.1
4775.7
4973.8
5061.6
5055.6
4974.4
4835.7
4654.9
4445.5
4218.5
3983.3
3747.7
3517.7
3298.2
3092.4
2902.5
2729.5
2573.5
2434.2
2310.7
2201.7
2106.0
2022.3
1949.3
1886.0
1831.2
1784.3
1744.4
1710.9
1683.3
1661.3
1644.5
1632.7
1625.6

-14098.3
-16099.3
-18253.6
-20446.7
-22535.2
-24482.1
-26110.8
-26923.9
-26006.6
-22070.7
-13757.1
0.0
18790.1
41569.0
66431.7
91325.5
114496.6
134683.2
151118.2
163451.5
171657.8
175955.3
176736.1
174504.6
169821.8
163256.6
155344.8
146559.6
137294.0
127854.4
118464.5
109275.0
100377.8
91820.2
83618.4
75768.1
68252.8
61049.3
54130.8
47469.4
41036.7
34804.0
28742.9
22825.0
17021.9
11304.9
5645.5

180
185
190
195
200
205
210
215
220
225
230
235
240
245
250
255
260
265
270
275
280
285
290
295
300
305
310
315

180
185
190
195
200
205
210
215
220
225
230
235
240
245
250
255
260
265
270
275
280
285
290
295
300
305
310
315

1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000

0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

4837.4
4837.4
4837.4
4837.4
4837.4
4837.4
4837.4
4837.4
4837.4
4837.4
4837.4
4837.4
4837.4
4837.4
4837.4
4837.4
4837.4
4837.4
4837.4
4837.4
4837.4
4837.4
4837.4
4837.4
4837.4
4837.4
4837.4
4837.4

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

0.7
-260.9
-519.3
-770.9
-1012.0
-1238.5
-1446.0
-1629.4
-1783.5
-1902.5
-1981.0
-2013.5
-1995.2
-1922.2
-1792.0
-1603.7
-1358.6
-1060.3
-715.2
-332.1
77.7
500.5
920.9
1322.3
1687.7
2000.6
2245.9
2410.5

cm
cm
CC
:1
CC
CC
CC
cm
cm

accelelration @

CC

0.144

instant
torque
N-m
0.1
-10.8
-21.6
-32.6
-43.7
-54.8
-66.1
-77.6
-89.1
-100.9
-112.9
-125.2
-138.0
-151.4
-165.8
-181.5
-199.0
-219.1
-242.4
-270.1
-303.0
-342.3
-389.1
-444.4
-509.1

-583.2
-665.9
-755.0
-845.7
-932.1
-1012.7
-1080.0
-1113.7
-1075.7
-912.9
-569.0
0.0
777.2
1719.4
2747.9
3777.6
4736.0
5571.0
6250.8
6761.0
7100.4
7278.2
7310.5
7218.2
7024.5
6752.9
6425.6
6062.2
5679.0
5288.5
4900.1
4520.0
4152.0
3798.0
3458.8
3134.0
2823.2
2525.2
2239.0
1963.5
1697.4
1439.6
1188.9
944.1
704.1
467.6
233.5

0.0
-10.8
-21.5
-31.9
-41.9
-51.2
-59.8
-67.4
-73.8
-78.7
-81.9
-83.3
-82.5
-79.5
-74.1
-66.3
-56.2
-43.9
-29.6
-13.7
3.2
20.7
38.1
54.7
69.8
82.8
92.9
99.7

reciprocrating engine forces

engine performance parmameters
calculated dimensions
engine displace
8000 CC
bore diameter
bore/stroke ratio
1
2
stroke
number of cylinders
8
displacement
angle between banks
90 DEGREES
L/r ratio
compression ratio
8.5 :1
swept volume
comb chamber volume
RPM
2000
total volume
engine component weights and dimensions
piston mass
1 kg
cylinder bank offset
piston pin mass
0.3 kg
cylinder spacing (c-c)
piston ring mass
0.18 kg
connecting rod mass
1.5 kg
connecting rod length c-c
25 cm
connecting rod piston pin CG distance
10 cm
piston position cylinder volume, velocity and acceleration
crank
piston
cylinder velocity
velocity @ RPM
angle
position
volume
constant
degree
mm
mm*100 cc
cm/s/RPM m/s
cm/s
540 10.84035 1084.035 1133.333 0.000308 0.006169 0.616879
545 10.82445 1082.445 1131.866 -0.03845 -0.76909 -76.9085
550 10.77625 1077.625 1127.42 -0.07717 -1.54331 -154.331
555 10.69585 1069.585 1120.003 -0.11577 -2.31534 -231.534
560 10.58336 1058.336 1109.627 -0.15419 -3.08371 -308.371
565 10.43902 1043.902 1096.311 -0.19233 -3.84659 -384.659
570 10.26312 1026.312 1080.085 -0.23008 -4.60163 -460.163
575 10.05607 1005.607 1060.985 -0.26729 -5.34589 -534.589
580 9.818393 981.8393 1039.06 -0.30379 -6.07577 -607.577
585 9.550785 955.0785 1014.373 -0.33935 -6.78699 -678.699
590 9.254112 925.4112 987.0058 -0.37373 -7.47458 -747.458
595 8.92945 892.945 957.0565 -0.40664 -8.13287 -813.287
600 8.578114 857.8114 924.6464 -0.43778 -8.75562 -875.562
605 8.201679 820.1679 889.9211
-0.4668 -9.33601 -933.601
610 7.80201 780.201 853.0525 -0.49334 -9.86684 -986.684
615 7.381276 738.1276 814.2406 -0.51703 -10.3406 -1034.06
620 6.941966 694.1966 773.7153 -0.53749 -10.7498 -1074.98
625 6.486897 648.6897 731.736 -0.55434 -11.0867 -1108.67
630 6.019204 601.9204 688.5924 -0.56721 -11.3442 -1134.42
635 5.542337 554.2337 644.6023 -0.57577 -11.5155 -1151.55
640 5.06003 506.003 600.1105 -0.57971 -11.5943 -1159.43
645 4.576275 457.6275 555.4852 -0.57876 -11.5753 -1157.53
650 4.095278 409.5278 511.1142 -0.57271 -11.4542 -1145.42
655 3.621409 362.1409 467.4007
-0.5614 -11.2281 -1122.81
660 3.15914 315.914 424.7574 -0.54475 -10.8951 -1089.51

10.84035
10.84035
8000
4.612396
1000
133.3333
1133.333
3
18

accelerationaccelelration @
constant given RPM
cm/s^2/RPM
m/s^2
-0.0465
-1860.2
-0.04648
-1859
-0.04638 -1855.21
-0.04621 -1848.33
-0.04594 -1837.54
-0.04554 -1821.77
-0.04499 -1799.68
-0.04424 -1769.77
-0.04326 -1730.43
-0.042 -1679.97
-0.04042 -1616.74
-0.03848
-1539.2
-0.03615 -1445.94
-0.0334 -1335.84
-0.0302 -1208.05
-0.02655
-1062.1
-0.02245 -897.916
-0.0179 -715.889
-0.01292 -516.871
-0.00755 -302.194
-0.00184 -73.6672
0.004161 166.4457
0.010386 415.4564
0.016758 670.3007
0.02319 927.5966

665
670
675
680
685
690
695
700
705
710
715
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
105
110
115
120
125
130
135
140
145
150
155
160
165
170
175

2.712989
2.287446
1.886906
1.515597
1.177514
0.876352
0.615445
0.397715
0.225619
0.101114
0.02562
0
0.025085
0.100054
0.224046
0.395646
0.612904
0.873367
1.17412
1.51183
1.882807
2.283059
2.708359
3.154315
3.616436
4.090207
4.571151
5.054899
5.537242
6.014188
6.481996
6.937217
7.376709
7.797653
8.197558
8.57425
8.925861
9.250813
9.547788
9.81571
10.05371
10.26109
10.43732
10.582
10.69482
10.77557
10.82411

271.2989
228.7446
188.6906
151.5597
117.7514
87.63517
61.54452
39.7715
22.56192
10.11135
2.561981
0
2.508534
10.00536
22.40458
39.56462
61.29044
87.33674
117.412
151.183
188.2807
228.3059
270.8359
315.4315
361.6436
409.0207
457.1151
505.4899
553.7242
601.4188
648.1996
693.7217
737.6709
779.7653
819.7558
857.425
892.5861
925.0813
954.7788
981.571
1005.371
1026.109
1043.732
1058.2
1069.482
1077.557
1082.411

383.6009
344.3455
307.3965
273.144
241.9565
214.1749
190.1069
170.0217
154.1462
142.6608
135.6967
133.3333
135.6474
142.5631
154.0011
169.8309
189.8725
213.8997
241.6434
272.7965
307.0183
343.9408
383.1738
424.3123
466.942
510.6464
555.0125
599.6372
644.1324
688.1296
731.284
773.2771
813.8193
852.6506
889.541
924.29
956.7254
986.7015
1014.097
1038.812
1060.767
1079.897
1096.155
1109.501
1119.908
1127.357
1131.835

-0.52275
-0.49545
-0.463
-0.42562
-0.38363
-0.33741
-0.2874
-0.23413
-0.17817
-0.12016
-0.06075
0
0.060119
0.119538
0.177568
0.233546
0.286848
0.336894
0.383164
0.425202
0.462625
0.495128
0.522484
0.544549
0.561256
0.57262
0.578727
0.579729
0.57584
0.567326
0.554495
0.537687
0.517266
0.493609
0.467096
0.4381
0.406984
0.374086
0.339721
0.304171
0.267686
0.230479
0.192732
0.154592
0.116175
0.077576
0.038865

-10.4549
-9.90892
-9.25993
-8.51247
-7.67265
-6.74811
-5.74794
-4.68254
-3.56347
-2.40324
-1.21509
0
1.202384
2.390755
3.551356
4.67093
5.736959
6.737879
7.663274
8.504038
9.252509
9.902566
10.44969
10.89097
11.22513
11.45241
11.57453
11.59457
11.5168
11.34652
11.0899
10.75374
10.34532
9.872179
9.341912
8.762007
8.139678
7.481726
6.794421
6.083422
5.353714
4.609589
3.854647
3.091836
2.323509
1.551515
0.777305

-1045.49
-990.892
-925.993
-851.247
-767.265
-674.811
-574.794
-468.254
-356.347
-240.324
-121.509
0
120.2384
239.0755
355.1356
467.093
573.6959
673.7879
766.3274
850.4038
925.2509
990.2566
1044.969
1089.097
1122.513
1145.241
1157.453
1159.457
1151.68
1134.652
1108.99
1075.374
1034.532
987.2179
934.1912
876.2007
813.9678
748.1726
679.4421
608.3422
535.3714
460.9589
385.4647
309.1836
232.3509
155.1515
77.73051

0.029593
0.035871
0.041928
0.047667
0.052992
0.057814
0.06205
0.065626
0.068479
0.070556
0.071822
0.072252
0.071831
0.070574
0.068505
0.06566
0.062092
0.057862
0.053046
0.047725
0.041991
0.035937
0.02966
0.023258
0.016826
0.010453
0.004226
-0.00178
-0.0075
-0.01287
-0.01785
-0.0224
-0.02651
-0.03016
-0.03336
-0.03612
-0.03846
-0.0404
-0.04198
-0.04325
-0.04424
-0.04499
-0.04554
-0.04594
-0.04621
-0.04638
-0.04647

1183.714
1434.853
1677.13
1906.665
2119.675
2312.565
2482.012
2625.052
2739.147
2822.255
2872.876
2890.094
2873.235
2822.965
2740.195
2626.418
2483.673
2314.491
2121.833
1909.018
1679.638
1437.476
1186.411
930.3261
673.0233
418.1347
169.0454
-71.1767
-299.839
-514.674
-713.866
-896.077
-1060.45
-1206.6
-1334.58
-1444.87
-1538.29
-1616
-1679.37
-1729.95
-1769.41
-1799.41
-1821.57
-1837.4
-1848.23
-1855.16
-1858.98

180
185
190
195
200
205
210
215
220
225
230
235
240
245
250
255
260
265
270
275
280
285
290
295
300
305
310
315

10.84035
10.82428
10.77591
10.69533
10.58268
10.43817
10.26211
10.05489
9.817052
9.549287
9.252462
8.927656
8.576182
8.199619
7.799832
7.378992
6.939592
6.484447
6.016696
5.53979
5.057464
4.573713
4.092742
3.618922
3.156727
2.710674
2.285252
1.884856

1084.035
1082.428
1077.591
1069.533
1058.268
1043.817
1026.211
1005.489
981.7052
954.9287
925.2462
892.7656
857.6182
819.9619
779.9832
737.8992
693.9592
648.4447
601.6696
553.979
505.7464
457.3713
409.2742
361.8922
315.6727
271.0674
228.5252
188.4856

1133.333 0.000103 0.002056 0.205626

-0.0465
-1860.2
1131.851 -0.03866
-0.7732 -77.3195 -0.04647 -1858.99
1127.389 -0.07737 -1.54741 -154.741 -0.04638 -1855.18
1119.956 -0.11597 -2.31942 -231.942 -0.04621 -1848.28
1109.564 -0.15439 -3.08777 -308.777 -0.04594 -1837.47
1096.233 -0.19253 -3.85062 -385.062 -0.04554 -1821.67
1079.991 -0.23028 -4.60561 -460.561 -0.04499 -1799.54
1060.876 -0.26749
-5.3498
-534.98 -0.04424 -1769.59
1038.936 -0.30398
-6.0796
-607.96 -0.04325 -1730.19
1014.235 -0.33954 -6.79071 -679.071 -0.04199 -1679.67
986.8537 -0.37391 -7.47815 -747.815 -0.04041 -1616.37
956.891 -0.40681 -8.13628 -813.628 -0.03847 -1538.75
924.4682 -0.43794 -8.75881 -875.881 -0.03614 -1445.41
889.7311 -0.46695 -9.33896 -933.896 -0.03338 -1335.21
852.8515 -0.49348 -9.86951 -986.951 -0.03018 -1207.33
814.03 -0.51715
-10.343
-1034.3 -0.02653 -1061.27
773.4962 -0.53759 -10.7518 -1075.18 -0.02242 -896.997
731.51 -0.55442 -11.0883 -1108.83 -0.01787 -714.878
688.361 -0.56727 -11.3454 -1134.54 -0.01289 -515.773
644.3674 -0.57581 -11.5161 -1151.61 -0.00753 -301.017
599.8739 -0.57972 -11.5944 -1159.44 -0.00181 -72.4221
555.2488 -0.57875 -11.5749 -1157.49 0.004194 167.7454
510.8803 -0.57267 -11.4533 -1145.33 0.01042 416.7955
467.1714 -0.56133 -11.2266 -1122.66 0.016792 671.6619
424.5348 -0.54465
-10.893
-1089.3 0.023224 928.9613
383.3874 -0.52262 -10.4523 -1045.23 0.029627 1185.062
344.1431 -0.49529 -9.90574 -990.574 0.035904 1436.165
307.2074 -0.46281 -9.25622 -925.622 0.04196 1678.384

inertia effects with gas pressure = 0

crank
reciprocrating
rotating 0 deg orientation
90 deg orientation
piston
crankpin instant
angle
force
force
shake forceshake forceside force tangent force
torque
degree
Newtons Newtons Newtons Newtons Newtons Newtons N-m
540
-4427.3
1425.1
-5852.4
0.3
-0.7
-2.4
0.1
545
-4424.4
1425.1
-5844.2
-40.3
82.9
299.9
-16.3
550
-4415.4
1425.1
-5819.0
-80.9
165.7
600.5
-32.5
555
-4399.0
1425.1
-5775.8
-121.7
246.6
897.3
-48.6
560
-4373.3
1425.1
-5712.8
-162.8
324.5
1187.8
-64.4
565
-4335.8
1425.1
-5627.8
-204.7
398.3
1468.4
-79.6
570
-4283.2
1425.1
-5517.9
-247.9
466.5
1734.8
-94.0
575
-4212.1
1425.1
-5380.0
-293.3
527.3
1981.2
-107.4
580
-4118.4
1425.1
-5210.8
-341.8
579.1
2201.0
-119.3
585
-3998.3
1425.1
-5006.8
-394.4
619.8
2386.5
-129.4
590
-3847.9
1425.1
-4764.7
-452.3
647.6
2529.1
-137.1
595
-3663.3
1425.1
-4481.6
-516.5
660.7
2619.8
-142.0
600
-3441.3
1425.1
-4154.8
-587.8
657.5
2649.8
-143.6
605
-3179.3
1425.1
-3782.6
-666.6
636.9
2610.8
-141.5

610
615
620
625
630
635
640
645
650
655
660
665
670
675
680
685
690
695
700
705
710
715
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
105
110
115
120

-2875.2
-2527.8
-2137.0
-1703.8
-1230.2
-719.2
-175.3
396.1
988.8
1595.3
2207.7
2817.2
3415.0
3991.6
4537.9
5044.8
5503.9
5907.2
6247.6
6519.2
6717.0
6837.4
6878.4
6838.3
6718.7
6521.7
6250.9
5911.1
5508.5
5050.0
4543.5
3997.5
3421.2
2823.7
2214.2
1601.8
995.2
402.3
-169.4
-713.6
-1224.9
-1699.0
-2132.7
-2523.9
-2871.7
-3176.3
-3438.8

1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1

-3363.6
-2897.7
-2385.6
-1829.2
-1231.3
-596.2
71.0
763.8
1475.1
2196.5
2919.2
3633.6
4330.0
4998.4
5628.7
6211.5
6737.4
7198.2
7586.3
7895.4
8120.2
8257.0
8303.5
8258.0
8122.1
7898.2
7590.0
7202.7
6742.7
6217.4
5635.2
5005.3
4337.3
3641.1
2926.8
2204.2
1482.7
771.3
78.2
-589.3
-1224.8
-1823.0
-2379.9
-2892.5
-3358.9
-3778.4
-4151.1

-753.2
-847.0
-947.0
-1051.6
-1158.4
-1264.4
-1366.2
-1459.8
-1541.1
-1605.7
-1649.5
-1668.7
-1660.0
-1621.0
-1550.0
-1446.6
-1311.2
-1145.7
-953.0
-737.1
-502.9
-256.1
0.0
253.4
500.4
734.7
950.9
1143.8
1309.6
1445.3
1549.1
1620.4
1659.8
1668.8
1649.8
1606.2
1541.8
1460.7
1367.2
1265.5
1159.5
1052.7
948.1
848.0
754.1
667.5
588.5

598.1
541.3
467.0
376.9
273.2
159.1
38.3
-84.9
-205.8
-319.8
-422.2
-508.7
-575.6
-619.8
-639.3
-633.1
-601.1
-544.6
-465.7
-367.6
-254.4
-130.6
0.0
129.2
253.1
366.5
464.8
543.9
600.6
632.9
639.4
620.1
576.2
509.6
423.2
321.0
207.1
86.2
-37.0
-157.9
-272.0
-375.8
-466.1
-540.6
-597.6
-636.6
-657.4

2496.0
2300.6
2022.8
1664.1
1229.9
730.3
179.3
-404.6
-999.7
-1581.3
-2123.6
-2600.6
-2987.5
-3262.8
-3409.3
-3415.5
-3276.5
-2994.6
-2579.6
-2048.0
-1422.9
-732.3
0.0
724.7
1415.9
2041.8
2574.5
2990.9
3274.2
3414.8
3410.1
3265.1
2991.0
2605.2
2129.1
1587.3
1006.0
410.9
-173.3
-724.7
-1225.0
-1659.8
-2019.4
-2298.1
-2494.3
-2610.0
-2649.7

-135.3
-124.7
-109.6
-90.2
-66.7
-39.6
-9.7
21.9
54.2
85.7
115.1
141.0
161.9
176.8
184.8
185.1
177.6
162.3
139.8
111.0
77.1
39.7
0.0
-39.3
-76.7
-110.7
-139.5
-162.1
-177.5
-185.1
-184.8
-177.0
-162.1
-141.2
-115.4
-86.0
-54.5
-22.3
9.4
39.3
66.4
90.0
109.5
124.6
135.2
141.5
143.6

125
130
135
140
145
150
155
160
165
170
175
180
185
190
195
200
205
210
215
220
225
230
235
240
245
250
255
260
265
270
275
280
285
290
295
300
305
310
315

-3661.1
-3846.1
-3996.9
-4117.3
-4211.2
-4282.6
-4335.3
-4373.0
-4398.8
-4415.3
-4424.4
-4427.3
-4424.4
-4415.3
-4398.9
-4373.2
-4335.6
-4282.9
-4211.6
-4117.9
-3997.6
-3847.0
-3662.2
-3440.1
-3177.8
-2873.4
-2525.8
-2134.9
-1701.4
-1227.5
-716.4
-172.4
399.2
992.0
1598.6
2210.9
2820.4
3418.1
3994.6

1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1
1425.1

-4478.3
-4761.9
-5004.4
-5208.8
-5378.4
-5516.6
-5626.8
-5712.1
-5775.2
-5818.7
-5844.0
-5852.4
-5844.1
-5818.8
-5775.5
-5712.5
-5627.3
-5517.3
-5379.2
-5209.8
-5005.6
-4763.3
-4480.0
-4153.0
-3780.5
-3361.3
-2895.1
-2382.8
-1826.1
-1228.0
-592.7
74.6
767.6
1478.9
2200.3
2923.0
3637.4
4333.7
5001.8

517.2
453.0
395.0
342.3
293.8
248.4
205.1
163.2
122.1
81.3
40.7
0.1
-40.5
-81.1
-121.9
-163.0
-204.9
-248.1
-293.5
-342.0
-394.7
-452.6
-516.9
-588.1
-667.1
-753.6
-847.5
-947.6
-1052.2
-1158.9
-1265.0
-1366.7
-1460.3
-1541.4
-1606.0
-1649.7
-1668.7
-1659.9
-1620.7

-660.8
-647.9
-620.2
-579.6
-527.9
-467.2
-399.1
-325.3
-247.4
-166.6
-83.8
-0.2
83.4
166.1
247.0
324.9
398.7
466.8
527.6
579.3
620.0
647.8
660.8
657.5
636.7
597.9
540.9
466.5
376.3
272.6
158.5
37.7
-85.5
-206.5
-320.4
-422.7
-509.1
-575.9
-620.0

-2620.4
-2530.3
-2388.3
-2203.2
-1983.7
-1737.5
-1471.3
-1190.8
-900.4
-603.6
-303.1
-0.8
301.5
602.1
898.9
1189.3
1469.9
1736.1
1982.4
2202.1
2387.4
2529.7
2620.1
2649.7
2610.4
2495.2
2299.4
2021.1
1662.0
1227.4
727.5
176.3
-407.8
-1002.8
-1584.3
-2126.4
-2602.9
-2989.3
-3263.9

142.0
137.1
129.4
119.4
107.5
94.2
79.7
64.5
48.8
32.7
16.4
0.0
-16.3
-32.6
-48.7
-64.5
-79.7
-94.1
-107.5
-119.4
-129.4
-137.1
-142.0
-143.6
-141.5
-135.2
-124.6
-109.5
-90.1
-66.5
-39.4
-9.6
22.1
54.4
85.9
115.3
141.1
162.0
176.9

combustion heat release and fraction of fuel burned

initial conditions
T0
T1
P0

25 oC
25 oC
100 Kpa

Cp
Cv
CP/Cv

1.0052 KJ/(kg-K)
0.718 KJ/(kg-K)
1.4

P1

100 Kpa

vol eff.
% of A.S. eff.
mech eff.
A/F ratio
exhaust valve open
computed analysis
heat added
mass air flow
mass air flow
heat added

90
60
85
13.5
180

angle comb start

time scasle for heat relaease
nTH power

680
80
3

air density
fuel LHV

%
%
%

1.2 kg/m^3
26.95 MJ/kg

displacement
# cylinders
test RPM

8000
8
2000

degrees
1.996
8.64
0.00108
0.002156
2780.4
0.01067

MJ/kg air
kg/min total
kg/cyl
MJ/cyl/cycle
oK
kg/sec

518.4 kg/hr

-40

crank
combust fraction compress T
P
T
P
crankpin
angle
angle
burned
ratio
w/o ht add w/o ht add w/ ht add w/ ht add tangent force
degree
degrees
Kpa
N
540
-180
0.000
1.00
298.0
100.0
298.0
100.0
2.4
545
-175
0.000
1.00
298.2
100.2
298.2
100.2
-300.3
550
-170
0.000
1.01
298.6
100.7
298.6
100.7
-604.2
555
-165
0.000
1.01
299.4
101.7
299.4
101.7
-909.9
560
-160
0.000
1.02
300.5
103.0
300.5
103.0
-1217.9
565
-155
0.000
1.03
302.0
104.8
302.0
104.8
-1527.9
570
-150
0.000
1.05
303.8
107.0
303.8
107.0
-1838.9
575
-145
0.000
1.07
306.0
109.7
306.0
109.7
-2149.1
580
-140
0.000
1.09
308.5
112.9
308.5
112.9
-2456.0
585
-135
0.000
1.12
311.5
116.8
311.5
116.8
-2756.4
590
-130
0.000
1.15
314.9
121.4
314.9
121.4
-3047.0
595
-125
0.000
1.18
318.8
126.7
318.8
126.7
-3324.4
600
-120
0.000
1.23
323.3
133.0
323.3
133.0
-3586.3
605
-115
0.000
1.27
328.3
140.3
328.3
140.3
-3831.4
610
-110
0.000
1.33
333.9
148.8
333.9
148.8
-4060.6
615
-105
0.000
1.39
340.1
158.9
340.1
158.9
-4277.8
620
-100
0.000
1.46
347.2
170.6
347.2
170.6
-4490.1
625
-95
0.000
1.55
355.0
184.5
355.0
184.5
-4709.4
630
-90
0.000
1.65
363.7
200.9
363.7
200.9
-4951.9
635
-85
0.000
1.76
373.5
220.3
373.5
220.3
-5238.9
640
-80
0.000
1.89
384.3
243.5
384.3
243.5
-5596.4
645
-75
0.000
2.04
396.4
271.4
396.4
271.4
-6054.1
650
-70
0.000
2.22
409.8
304.9
409.8
304.9
-6644.7
655
-65
0.000
2.42
424.7
345.6
424.7
345.6
-7400.6
660
-60
0.000
2.67
441.3
395.1
441.3
395.1
-8350.7

665
670
675
680
685
690
695
700
705
710
715
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
105
110
115
120
125
130
135
140
145
150
155
160
165
170
175

-55
-50
-45
-40
-35
-30
-25
-20
-15
-10
-5
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
105
110
115
120
125
130
135
140
145
150
155
160
165
170
175

0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.002
0.007
0.016
0.030
0.051
0.080
0.118
0.163
0.217
0.277
0.344
0.415
0.488
0.561
0.632
0.699
0.759
0.813
0.858
0.896
0.926
0.949
0.966
0.978
0.986
0.992
0.995
0.997
0.999
0.999
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000

2.95
3.29
3.69
4.15
4.68
5.29
5.96
6.67
7.35
7.94
8.35
8.50
8.35
7.95
7.36
6.67
5.97
5.30
4.69
4.15
3.69
3.30
2.96
2.67
2.43
2.22
2.04
1.89
1.76
1.65
1.55
1.47
1.39
1.33
1.27
1.23
1.18
1.15
1.12
1.09
1.07
1.05
1.03
1.02
1.01
1.01
1.00

459.6
479.9
502.2
526.5
552.7
580.3
608.6
636.4
661.9
682.7
696.5
701.4
696.6
682.9
662.1
636.7
608.9
580.6
553.0
526.8
502.5
480.1
459.8
441.5
424.9
409.9
396.5
384.4
373.6
363.8
355.1
347.2
340.2
333.9
328.3
323.3
318.9
315.0
311.5
308.6
306.0
303.8
302.0
300.5
299.4
298.6
298.2

455.7
530.0
621.3
733.1
868.7
1030.4
1217.6
1423.6
1633.0
1820.0
1952.1
2000.7
1953.1
1821.8
1635.2
1425.9
1219.7
1032.3
870.3
734.4
622.4
530.9
456.4
395.7
346.0
305.3
271.7
243.8
220.6
201.1
184.7
170.8
159.0
148.9
140.4
133.0
126.8
121.4
116.8
113.0
109.7
107.0
104.8
103.0
101.7
100.7
100.2

459.6
479.9
502.2
526.5
553.3
585.7
626.9
679.5
745.5
825.5
919.9
1028.1
1149.9
1285.2
1433.5
1593.7
1763.2
1938.1
2113.6
2284.3
2444.9
2591.0
2719.2
2827.5
2915.4
2983.7
3034.3
3069.6
3092.6
3106.1
3112.7
3114.5
3113.4
3110.5
3106.7
3102.7
3098.8
3095.1
3091.8
3088.9
3086.3
3084.2
3082.4
3080.9
3079.8
3079.0
3078.5

455.7
530.0
621.3
733.1
869.8
1040.1
1254.1
1520.0
1839.2
2200.8
2578.1
2932.6
3224.0
3428.5
3540.1
3568.8
3531.6
3446.0
3326.5
3184.6
3028.6
2865.0
2698.9
2534.3
2374.5
2222.2
2079.2
1946.9
1826.0
1716.7
1618.8
1531.8
1454.9
1387.4
1328.3
1276.7
1231.8
1193.0
1159.5
1130.9
1106.5
1086.2
1069.4
1056.1
1045.9
1038.7
1034.4

-9514.7
-10894.4
-12461.7
-14141.2
-15814.6
-17373.4
-18594.6
-19055.1
-18112.9
-14997.8
-9060.4
0.0
11491.6
24466.2
37700.5
50142.9
61077.8
70112.1
77091.0
82017.4
84997.4
86207.5
85871.6
84242.3
81582.8
78149.8
74178.7
69872.9
65398.1
60880.5
56410.2
52045.9
47822.1
43755.4
39850.6
36105.2
32512.5
29063.6
25748.8
22557.5
19478.7
16500.7
13611.3
10797.2
8044.7
5339.1
2665.1

180
185
190
195
200
205
210
215
220
225
230
235
240
245
250
255
260
265
270
275
280
285
290
295
300
305
310
315

180
185
190
195
200
205
210
215
220
225
230
235
240
245
250
255
260
265
270
275
280
285
290
295
300
305
310
315

1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000

0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0
298.0

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

3078.4
3078.4
3078.4
3078.4
3078.4
3078.4
3078.4
3078.4
3078.4
3078.4
3078.4
3078.4
3078.4
3078.4
3078.4
3078.4
3078.4
3078.4
3078.4
3078.4
3078.4
3078.4
3078.4
3078.4
3078.4
3078.4
3078.4
3078.4

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

0.8
-301.5
-602.1
-898.9
-1189.3
-1469.9
-1736.1
-1982.4
-2202.1
-2387.4
-2529.7
-2620.1
-2649.7
-2610.4
-2495.2
-2299.4
-2021.1
-1662.0
-1227.4
-727.5
-176.3
407.8
1002.8
1584.3
2126.4
2602.9
2989.3
3263.9

cm
cm
CC
:1
CC
CC
CC
cm
cm

accelelration @

CC

0.144

instant
torque
N-m
0.1
-16.3
-32.7
-49.3
-66.0
-82.8
-99.7
-116.5
-133.1
-149.4
-165.2
-180.2
-194.4
-207.7
-220.1
-231.9
-243.4
-255.3
-268.4
-284.0
-303.3
-328.1
-360.2
-401.1
-452.6

-515.7
-590.5
-675.4
-766.5
-857.2
-941.7
-1007.9
-1032.8
-981.8
-812.9
-491.1
0.0
622.9
1326.1
2043.4
2717.8
3310.5
3800.2
4178.5
4445.5
4607.0
4672.6
4654.4
4566.1
4421.9
4235.9
4020.6
3787.2
3544.7
3299.8
3057.5
2821.0
2592.0
2371.6
2160.0
1957.0
1762.2
1575.3
1395.6
1222.7
1055.8
894.4
737.8
585.2
436.0
289.4
144.5

0.0
-16.3
-32.6
-48.7
-64.5
-79.7
-94.1
-107.5
-119.4
-129.4
-137.1
-142.0
-143.6
-141.5
-135.2
-124.6
-109.5
-90.1
-66.5
-39.4
-9.6
22.1
54.4
85.9
115.3
141.1
162.0
176.9

4000

Reciprocrating Engine Parameters(changed compressio

3000

2000

1000

0
540 555 570 585 600 615 630 645 660 675 690 705 0 15 30 45 60 75 90 105 120 135 150 165
-1000

-2000

-3000
10000.0

Recriprocrating Forces w/gas pressure=0 (changed compre

8000.0
6000.0
4000.0
2000.0

225

210

195

180

165

150

135

120

105

90

75

60

45

30

15

705

690

675

660

645

630

615

600

585

570

555

540

0.0
-2000.0
-4000.0
-6000.0
-8000.0

Engine Pressure and Temperature Development (changed com

6000.0
5000.0

4000.0
3000.0
2000.0
1000.0

540
550
560
570
580
590
600
610
620
630
640
650
660
670
680
690
700
710
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
160

0.0

8000.0
7000.0

Instantaneous Torque with Pressure Developmen

with Controlled Heat addition(changed compression

6000.0
5000.0
4000.0
3000.0
2000.0
1000.0
0.0
540 555 570 585 600 615 630 645 660 675 690 705 0

15 30 45 60 75 90 105 120 135 150 165

-1000.0
-2000.0

Heat Release (changed compressi

1.200
1.000
0.800
0.600
0.400
0.200
0.000

1
3
5
7
9
11
13
15
17
19
21
23
25
27
29
31
33
35
37
39
41
43
45
47
49
51
53
55
57
59
61
63
65
67
69

0.000

changed compression ratio)

piston position mm*100

cylinder volume cc
velocity cm/s
150 165 180 195 210 225 240 255 270 285 300 315

acceleration

(changed compression ratio)

0 degrre orientaion shake force newton

90 degree orientaion shake force

315

300

285

270

255

240

225

210

piston side fore newton

crankpin tangent force newton
instant torque N-m

pment (changed compression ratio)

T w/o Ht add K
P w/o Ht add Kpa
T w/ Ht add K

160
170
180
190
200
210
220
230
240
250
260
270
280
290
300
310

P w/ Ht add Kpa

Pressure Development
hanged compression ratio)

P w/o Ht add Kpa

P w/ Ht add Kpa
instant torque N-m

165 180 195 210 225 240 255 270 285 300 315

(changed compression ratio)

fraction burned

67
69
71
73
75
77
79
81
83
85
87
89
91
93
95
97
99

4000

Reciprocrating Engine Parameters(changed bore/stroke

3000

2000

1000

0
540 555 570 585 600 615 630 645 660 675 690 705 0 15 30 45 60 75 90 105 120 135 150 165
-1000

-2000
10000.0

Recriprocrating Forces w/gas pressure=0 (changed bore/st

8000.0
6000.0
4000.0
2000.0

225

210

195

180

165

150

135

120

105

90

75

60

45

30

15

705

690

675

660

645

630

615

600

585

570

555

540

0.0
-2000.0
-4000.0
-6000.0

Engine Pressure and Temperature Development (changed bor

6000.0
5000.0

4000.0
3000.0
2000.0
1000.0

540
550
560
570
580
590
600
610
620
630
640
650
660
670
680
690
700
710
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
160

0.0

8000.0
7000.0

Instantaneous Torque with Pressure Developmen

with Controlled Heat addition(changed bore/stroke r

6000.0
5000.0
4000.0
3000.0
2000.0
1000.0
0.0
540 555 570 585 600 615 630 645 660 675 690 705 0

15 30 45 60 75 90 105 120 135 150 165

-1000.0
-2000.0

Heat Release (changed bore/strok

1.200
1.000
0.800
0.600
0.400
0.200
0.000

1
3
5
7
9
11
13
15
17
19
21
23
25
27
29
31
33
35
37
39
41
43
45
47
49
51
53
55
57
59
61
63
65
67
69

0.000

(changed bore/stroke ratio)

piston position mm*100

cylinder volume cc
velocity cm/s
acceleration
150 165 180 195 210 225 240 255 270 285 300 315

(changed bore/stroke ratio)

0 degrre orientaion shake force newton

90 degree orientaion shake force
piston side fore newton

315

300

285

270

255

240

225

210

crankpin tangent force newton

instant torque N-m

pment (changed bore/stroke ratio)

T w/o Ht add K
P w/o Ht add Kpa
T w/ Ht add K

160
170
180
190
200
210
220
230
240
250
260
270
280
290
300
310

P w/ Ht add Kpa

Pressure Development
hanged bore/stroke ratio)

P w/o Ht add Kpa

P w/ Ht add Kpa
instant torque N-m

165 180 195 210 225 240 255 270 285 300 315

(changed bore/stroke ratio)

fraction burned

67
69
71
73
75
77
79
81
83
85
87
89
91
93
95
97
99

Reciprocrating Engine Parameters

4000
3000
2000
1000
0
540555570585600615630645660675690705 0 15 30 45 60 75 90 105120
-1000
-2000
-3000

position (deg)

10000.0

Recriprocrating Forces w/gas pressure=0

8000.0
6000.0
4000.0
2000.0

180

165

150

135

120

105

90

75

60

45

30

15

705

690

675

660

645

630

615

600

585

570

555

540

0.0
-2000.0
-4000.0
-6000.0
-8000.0

Engine Pressure and Temperature Developmen

6000.0
5000.0

5000.0
4000.0
3000.0
2000.0
1000.0

540
550
560
570
580
590
600
610
620
630
640
650
660
670
680
690
700
710
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130

0.0

8000.0
7000.0

Instantaneous Torque with Pressure Develop

with Controlled Heat addition

6000.0
5000.0
4000.0
3000.0
2000.0
1000.0
0.0
540 555 570 585 600 615 630 645 660 675 690 705 0

15 30 45 60 75 90 105 120 135

-1000.0
-2000.0

Heat Release (default)

1.200
1.000
0.800
0.600
0.400
0.200

1
3
5
7
9
11
13
15
17
19
21
23
25
27
29
31
33
35
37
39
41
43
45
47
49
51
53
55
57
59
61
63

0.200

0.000

ine Parameters(default)

piston position mm*100

cylinder volume cc
velocity cm/s
acceleration
120135150165180195210225240255270285300315

s w/gas pressure=0 (default)

0 degrre orientaion shake force newton

90 degree orientaion shake force

315

300

285

270

255

240

225

210

195

180

165

piston side fore newton

perature Development (default)

crankpin tangent force newton

instant torque N-m

T w/o Ht add K
P w/o Ht add Kpa
T w/ Ht add K

120
130
140
150
160
170
180
190
200
210
220
230
240
250
260
270
280
290
300
310

P w/ Ht add Kpa

with Pressure Development

eat addition(default)

P w/o Ht add Kpa

P w/ Ht add Kpa
instant torque N-m

120 135 150 165 180 195 210 225 240 255 270 285 300 315

elease (default)

fraction burned

61
63
65
67
69
71
73
75
77
79
81
83
85
87
89
91
93
95
97
99

4000

Reciprocrating Engine Parameters(fuel type=ethan

3000

2000

1000

0
540 555 570 585 600 615 630 645 660 675 690 705 0 15 30 45 60 75 90 105 120 135 150 165
-1000

-2000

-3000
10000.0

Recriprocrating Forces w/gas pressure=0 (fuel type=et

8000.0
6000.0
4000.0
2000.0

225

210

195

180

165

150

135

120

105

90

75

60

45

30

15

705

690

675

660

645

630

615

600

585

570

555

540

0.0
-2000.0
-4000.0
-6000.0
-8000.0

Engine Pressure and Temperature Development (fuel type

6000.0
5000.0

4000.0
3000.0
2000.0
1000.0

540
550
560
570
580
590
600
610
620
630
640
650
660
670
680
690
700
710
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
160

0.0

8000.0
7000.0

Instantaneous Torque with Pressure Developmen

with Controlled Heat addition(fuel type=ethanol

6000.0
5000.0
4000.0
3000.0
2000.0
1000.0
0.0
540 555 570 585 600 615 630 645 660 675 690 705 0

15 30 45 60 75 90 105 120 135 150 165

-1000.0
-2000.0

Heat Release (fuel type=ethanol)

1.200
1.000
0.800
0.600
0.400
0.200
0.000

1
3
5
7
9
11
13
15
17
19
21
23
25
27
29
31
33
35
37
39
41
43
45
47
49
51
53
55
57
59
61
63
65
67
69

0.000

(fuel type=ethanol)

piston position mm*100

cylinder volume cc
velocity cm/s
150 165 180 195 210 225 240 255 270 285 300 315

acceleration

sure=0 (fuel type=ethanol)

0 degrre orientaion shake force newton

90 degree orientaion shake force

315

300

285

270

255

240

225

210

piston side fore newton

crankpin tangent force newton
instant torque N-m

velopment (fuel type=ethanol)

T w/o Ht add K
P w/o Ht add Kpa
T w/ Ht add K

160
170
180
190
200
210
220
230
240
250
260
270
280
290
300
310

P w/ Ht add Kpa

Pressure Development
(fuel type=ethanol)

P w/o Ht add Kpa

P w/ Ht add Kpa
instant torque N-m

165 180 195 210 225 240 255 270 285 300 315

(fuel type=ethanol)

fraction burned

67
69
71
73
75
77
79
81
83
85
87
89
91
93
95
97
99