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Pharmacology

Which of the following may cause gingival enlargement a. Phenyntoin (Dilantin). ***50-60% b. Cyclosporine20-30% c. Nifedipine ( a calcium channel blocker)20% d. Aspirin e. None of the above The highest incidence of drug induced hyperplasia is reported to phenytoin (Dialantin) ( Hyperplasia %05-05 %05 ) .Hyperplasia ( Cyclosporine) %05-05 )Nifedipine( 193) Dylantin (phynotoin) dont give with : B)azoles C)metronidazole. *** D) all of the above Which of the following drugs is completely effective in eliminating angina episode: a. b. c. d. e. Propranolol. Nifedipine. Diltiazem. Transdermal nitroglycerin. *** None of the above. . 1. a. b. c. The antibiotic of choice in pregnant: Metronidazole. Penicillin. *** Tetracycline. 2. Chlorhexidine is used as mouth wash in the concentration of: a. 0.1-0.2% *** b. 1-2% c. 5-10% d. 20%

3. a. b. c. d.

Aplastic anemia is caused by: Tetracycline. Penicillin. Erythromycin. Sulfonamide. *** Aplastic Anemia Roughly half of all aplastic anemias occur as a result of drugs (such antibiotics as chloramphenicol, sulfonamides, phenylbutazone [Butazolidin], and such anticonvulsant agents as mephenytoin) Also: chloramphenicol, phenylbutazone [Butazolidin], and such anticonvulsant agents as mephenytoin.

4. 30 years old pt came to the clinic with brownish discoloration of all his teeth (intrinsic discoloration) & yellowish in U/V light the most likely cause is: 1/ flourosis 2/ tetracycline. *** 3/ amelogensis imperfecta 4/ dentogensis imperfectea

5. Treatment of fungal infections: a. Penicillin b. Tetracyclin c. Nystatin. *** 3. When do we give antibiotic: a. Widespread, rapid infection b. Compromised host defence c. . D. A&b Antibiotics are most used in cases of: a-Acute Localized lesion b-Diffuse , Highly progressing lesion. *** 40. Main disadvantage of chlorhexidine: a. Staining. *** b. Burning sensation. c. Altered taste. .
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chlorohexidine has several disadvantages. One of the most important disadvantages is that if a patient rinses his mouth with chlorohexidine compositions regularly, his teeth and tongue obtain a brownish colour. This is off course a major disadvantage. Another disadvantage of chlorohexidine is that it has no significant anti-bacterial effect on gram positive bacteria at relatively low concentrations. This means that gram positive bacteria will not be effected by the rinse composition and may thus still cause periodontitis or produce the volatile sulphur compounds that cause the malodour.

9.prophylactic antibiotic needed in .anesthesia not interaligamentary .suture removal .routine tooth brushing .orthodontic band *** Calcium channel blockers cause increase saliva secretion. a. True. b. False. *** 1. Atropine : A- Dries secretion such saliva. *** B- depresses the pulse rate. c -cause central nervous system depression. 2. Drug used to decrease saliva during impression taking is: 1. Cholinergic. 2. AntiCholinergic. *** 3. Antidiabetic. 4. Anticorticosteroid. 3. In order to decrease the gastric secretion: histamine A antigen equivalent histamine B antigen equivalent anticholenergic. *** adrenal steroids 4. Drug used to increase saliva is: 1- anticholinergic. 2- cholinergic. *** 3- antidiabetic 4- anticorticosteroid 5. Pt with complete denture come to your clinic, complaint from his dry mouth, the proper medicine is: 1. Anti diabetic medicine.
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2. Anticordial. *** 3. Steroid Atropine: It is classified as an anticholinergic drug Injections of atropine are used in the treatment of bradycardia (an extremely low heart rate), asystole and pulseless electrical activity (PEA) in cardiac arrest. This works because the main action of the vagus nerve of the parasympathetic system on the heart is to decrease heart rate. Atropine blocks this action and, therefore, may speed up the heart rate. Atropine's actions on the parasympathetic nervous system inhibits salivary, sweat, and mucus glands. Atropine induces mydriasis by blocking contraction of the circular pupillary sphincter muscle, which is normally stimulated by acetylcholine release Scopolamine, atropine and benztropine are anticolinergic drugs. They decrease the flow of And salive.Cholinesterase inhibition is associated with a variety of acute symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, blurred vision, stomach cramps, and rapid heart rate.

: - Cholinergic - anticholinergic - .

-pt on long term antibiotic came with systemic Candida: 1-amphotrecin 2-fluconazol *** 3-nystatin Fluconazole 50 mg od is the systemic drug of choice. C. Glabrata, C. Tropicalis, and C. Knusel are fluconazole resistant, therefore, candida subtyping should be performed for resistant cases. .

6. trigeminal neuralgia treated by carbomizapine, the max dose per day divided in doses is: a-200 mg B-500mg C-1000mg D-1200mg 0055-055 Usual Adult Dose for Trigeminal Neuralgia Initial dose: 100 mg orally twice a day (immediate or extended release) or 50 mg orally 4 times a day (suspension). May increase by up to 200 mg/day using increments of 100 mg every 12 hours (immediate or extended release), or 50 mg four times a day. (suspension), only as needed to achieve freedom from pain. Do not exceed 1200 mg/ day. Maintenance dose: 400 to 800 mg/day. Some patients may be maintained on as little as 200 mg/day while others may require as much as 1200 mg/day. At least once every 3 months throughout the treatment period, attempts should be made to reduce the dose to the minimum effective level or to discontinue the drug

7. 10 years child with congenital heart disease came for extraction of his lower 1st molar, the antibiotic for choice for prevention of infective endocarditis is; a-ampicelline 30 mg /kg orally 1hour before procedure b-cephalixine 50mg/kg orally 1hour before procedure c-clindamicine 20mg/kg orally 1hour before procedure d-amoxicilline 50mg/kg orally 1hour before procedure "Amoxicillin, 2.0 gm orally 1 hr before procedure"

20- if you do mouth wash by 10% glucose , the P H can be read from the carve 4 Candida infection is a frequent cause of: Burning mouth

patient had anaphylactic shock due to penicillin injection , what's the most important in the emergency treatment to do a) 200 mg hydrocortizone intravenous b) 0.5 mg epinephrine of 1/10000 intra venous++++ <the only IV in the choices>

Management Place patient supine with legs raised, if possible. 0.5 ml of 1:1000 adrenaline IM or SC. Repeat after 15 min, then every 15 min until improved. Do not give IV in this concentration as it will induce ventricular fibrillation. Up to 500 mg of hydrocortisone IV. Up to 20 mg of chlorpheniramine slowly IV (if available). O2 by mask.

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