Lecture 270 Series-Series Feedback (3/10/02)

Page 270-1

LECTURE 270 SERIES-SERIES FEEDBACK

(READING: GHLM 569-579) Objective The objective of this presentation is: 1.) Illustrate the analysis of series-series feedback circuits Outline Series-series feedback with nonideal source and load Examples Summary

ECE 6412 - Analog Integrated Circuit Design - II Lecture 270 Series-Series Feedback (3/10/02)

P.E. Allen - 2002 Page 270-2

Series-Series Feedback including Source and Load Resistances Configuration:

RS ii Basic Amplifier z11a z12aio vs z22a z21aii RL io
+ v1 i1 Series-Series Feedback Network i2 + v2 Fig. 270-02

Feedback Network z11f z12fio z22f z21fii

ii

RS

New Basic Amplifier z11a z11f z12aio

io

z22a z21aii RL z22f

vs

New Feedback Network z12fio

Fig. 270-01

(-z21a/z11z22) io i2 a = = A = = vs v1 1+af 1+(-z21a/z11z22) z12f

ECE 6412 - Analog Integrated Circuit Design - II

v1 = z11i1 + z12i2 v2 = z21i1 + z22i2 where for the new basic amplifier, v1 | z11 = i1 i2=0 = RS + z11a + z11f v1 | z12 = i2 i1=0 = 0 v2 | z21 = i1 i2=0 = z21a v2 | z22 = i i1=0 = RL + z22a + z22f 2 -z21a a = z11z22 and f = z12f
P.E. Allen - 2002

Lecture 270 Series-Series Feedback (3/10/02)

Page 270-3

Example 1 Two-Transistor Feedback Amplifier For the amplifier shown, find v2/v1, v1/i1, and v2/i2. Assume that r1 = r2 =1000 and F1 = F2 = 150 for the BJTs. Solution 1.) Topology identification. We see that the circuit is series-series, negative feedback. Also, note that RS is outside the feedback circuit. 2.) Closed loop small-signal model is shown below.
R2=10k RS=1k i1 Q1 ++ + R3 = ve 100k vi + v1 vfb R1 = Rif 100 Q2 i2 io R4 = 100 + v2 r1 i1=ib1 ++ v - + e vfb vi Rif -

VCC
R3=100k i1 R =1k S ++ + ve v1 vi R4 = 100 Q1 R2=10k R1=100 io i2 + Q2 io R5 = 1k v2

+ -

vfb

Fig. 270-03

R2 ib1 ib2 r 2 R3 R4 io + v2 Fig. 270-04

ib2 R5

R5 = 1k

R1

3.) Break open the loop by finding the loading effects of the feedback network on the amplifier. This involves finding z11f and z22f.
ECE 6412 - Analog Integrated Circuit Design - II Lecture 270 Series-Series Feedback (3/10/02) P.E. Allen - 2002 Page 270-4

Example 1 Continued 3.) Continued v1f | z11f = i1f i2f=io= 0 (Resistance seen looking back into the feedback network from the input with io = 0.) z11f = R2 + R5 v2f | z22f = i2f i1f=ii= 0 (Resistance seen looking back into the feedback network from the input with ii = 0.) z22f = R1 + R5 ib2' ib2' ib1' i1' =ib1' 4.) Open-circuit small-signal model: + r r 2 1 i b 2 ' 1 v ' R vfb' R2 R2 fb 5 io' i2' f = io ' = i ' i ' = R +R +R xR1 vi' R1 R3 2 5 R5 b 2 o 1 1+ + + v Ri -R1R5 fb ' v2' R1 R5 R4 R +R +R = -9.009 1 2 5 Fig. 270-05 i ' i ' i ' io' o b 2 b 1 a = v ' = i ' i ' v ' = i b 2 b1 i -R3 1 (1+) R +r +(1+)R r +(1+)[R ||(R +R )] 2 4 1 1 2 5 3
ECE 6412 - Analog Integrated Circuit Design - II P.E. Allen - 2002

Lecture 270 Series-Series Feedback (3/10/02) -150100k 1 = (151) 116.1k 15.96k = -1.222S

Page 270-5

T = (-1.222)(-9.009) = 11.01

ECE 6412 - Analog Integrated Circuit Design - II Lecture 270 Series-Series Feedback (3/10/02)

P.E. Allen - 2002 Page 270-6

Example 1 Continued 5.) Input resistance, v1/i1. Ri = r1+(1+)[R1||(R2+R5)] = 15.96k Rif = Ri(1+T) = 15.96k12.01=191.73k However, we must add RS to this to get the requested v1/i1 = 192.73k 6.) Voltage gain, v2/v1. First find io/vi. io a -1.222 = = vi 1+af 1+11.01 = -0.1017S io Rif v2 i R v i v 191.73 o 4 i o i = = R = R = -0.1017 192.73 (100) = -10.122V/V v1 vi v1 vi v1 4 vi Rin 4 7.) Ouput resistance, v2/i2. First, we must realize that the resistances involved with series input or output is in series with the loop. Consider the equivalent model of the output. ib2' ib2' r2+R3 101k r 2 Ro = R4 + 1+ = 100 + 151 = 769 i2 ' R4 R2 i' I ' R5 Rof = Ro(1+af) = 769(12.01) = 9234 R3 + o + R1 vo' But, this is not v2/i2. v '
2

ECE 6412 - Analog Integrated Circuit Design - II

Fig. 270-06

P.E. Allen - 2002

Lecture 270 Series-Series Feedback (3/10/02)

Page 270-7

Example 1 Continued 8.) Use the model shown to calculate v2/i2.

i2 R4 + i2 Rof Fig. 270-07

i2 + R4 v2 Rof-R4

From this model, we see that v2 i2 = R4||(Rof - R4) = 100||9134 = 98.9

ECE 6412 - Analog Integrated Circuit Design - II Lecture 270 Series-Series Feedback (3/10/02)

P.E. Allen - 2002 Page 270-8

Example 2 Series-Series Feedback Triple For the amplifier shown, find v2/v1, v1/i1, and v2/i2. Assume that all MOSFET transconductances are 1mS. Solution 1.) The feedback is negative, series-series feedback. 2.) Closed loop small-signal model is shown below.
R5 = 100k i1 M1 ++ v1 vi/2 - i1 + + v1 vgs3 - 0.5gm1ve R1 + R6 gm2vfb - gm3vgs3 vfb R2 R1 = 10k io io

VDD
R1 = 10k M3 i1 +++ v1 vi -M1 ve M2 - + vfb R6 = 1k R5 = 100k R2 = 10k R3 = 10k M4 io v2 R4 = 10k Fig. 270-08

io

i2 +

i2 +

M2

+ ve/2 R6 = vfb + 1k -

R2 = 10k R4 = 10k R5 +v
gs4

R3 = v2 10k gm4vgs4 i

R4

R3

+ io v2 Fig. 270-09

ECE 6412 - Analog Integrated Circuit Design - II

P.E. Allen - 2002

Lecture 270 Series-Series Feedback (3/10/02)

Page 270-9

Example 2 Continued 3.) Break open the loop by finding the loading effects of the feedback network on the amplifier. This involves finding z11f and z22f. v1f | z11f = i i2f=io= 0 = R4 + R5 1f v2f | z22f = i i1f=ii= 0 = R5 + R6 2f gm4vgs4' i2' 4.) The open-loop model vgs4' i1' + is: + io' + + R5 R5 gm2vfb' R3 Rfi -R4R6 vfb' vgs3' v2 ' f = io' = R4+R5+R6 + v1'= 0.5vi' R4 R6 Rfo R4 vfb' R6 0.5gm1ve' gm3vgs3' R -101 2 R1 = 10+100+1 k=-909 Fig. 270-10 v -g m 1R 1 ' v ' -g m 3R 2 io' io' gs4 gs3 = (g ) a = vi' = v m 4 v v ' ' ' 1+ g [ R ||( R + R )] m4 4 5 6 2 gs4 gs3 i = (-1mS)(-0.99)(-5) = -4.95mS 5.) Input resistance, v1/i1. Ri = Rif = Ri(1+T) = 5.5 =
ECE 6412 - Analog Integrated Circuit Design - II Lecture 270 Series-Series Feedback (3/10/02)

T = af = 4.5

P.E. Allen - 2002 Page 270-10

Example 2 Continued 6.) Voltage gain, v2/v1. First find io/vi. io a -4.95mS = = (1/f = -1.1mS) vi 1+af 1+4.5 = -0.9mS i R v2 o 3 = (-0.9mS)(10k) = -9.0V/V v1 = vi 7.) Ouput resistance, v2/i2. However, since we have assumed that rds4 , then v2 i2 = R3||(Rof R3) = R3|| = R3 = 10k
i2 R3 + v2 Rof Fig. 270-11

i2 + R3 v2 Rof-R3 =

(R3 is not really inside the feedback loop and therefore is not influenced by the feedback.)
ECE 6412 - Analog Integrated Circuit Design - II P.E. Allen - 2002

Lecture 270 Series-Series Feedback (3/10/02)

Page 270-11

SUMMARY Series-series feedback increases both the input and output impedances If the mixing circuit is associated with the collector/drain (Example 1), then the output resistance designated as v2/i2 is found by finding Rof (which is the resistance in series with the output feedback loop) and using the following relationship, v2 i2 = RL||(Rof - RL) If the mixing circuit is associated with the emitter/source (Example 2), then the output resistance designated as v2/i2 is simply equal to RL. Several useful points to emphasize: 1.) If T >>1, then A 1/f. 2.) The product of a and f must always be positive for negative feedback

ECE 6412 - Analog Integrated Circuit Design - II

P.E. Allen - 2002