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Atelier Management and Design Consultancy (Vietnam) Co.

,Ltd

SEL2-P !E" #"A$S% "ME"S&'

SECTION 2: POWER TRANSFORMERS 2.1 2.1.1 GENERAL Functional Description The aim of this document is to give the detailed description of the Distribution Transformers to be used in the current project. The Distribution Transformers Scope of Works includes the detailed design, engineering, orkshop dra ings preparation and approval, manufacturing in !S" #$$1 certified factor%, factor% testing, suppl%, deliver%, installation, testing and commissioning and finall% handover to the &mplo%er of the Distribution Transformers in the frame ork of entire project completion as indicated on the relevant dra ings. 2.1.2 'ross references General (efer to the General requirements Related Worksect ons Electrical General Requirements, MV Switchgear, Power Cables, Cable Support & Duct Systems 2.1.) Standard General !&' *$$+* ,o er Transformers !&' *$1)+ -ushings for .lternating /oltages above 1$$$/ !&' *$2*# 0o /oltage Fuses 1 Fuses ith &nclosed 0inks orksection.

!&' *$$21 Direct .cting !ndicating &lectrical 3easuring !nstruments and Their .ccessories !&' *$22# Degrees of ,rotection ,rovided b% &nclosures 4!, 'ode5 !&' *$221 3easurement of Transformer and (eactor Sound 0evels !&' *$*$* .pplication 6uide for ,o er Transformers !&' *$*1* Terminal and Tapping 3arkings for ,o er Transformers !&' *$*+1 !nsulation 'o7ordination !&' *$)28 0oading 6uide for "il7immersed ,o er Transformers !&' *$$)8 (otating &lectric 3achines D!9 822)1 3edium /oltage -ushings D!9 822)$ 0o /oltage -ushings

Atelier Management and Design Consultancy (Vietnam) Co.,Ltd

SEL2-P !E" #"A$S% "ME"S&2

D!9 822*1 (oller D!9 82221 Draining and Sampling /alve D!9 8)*+2 0o /oltage 'onnector

D!9 8222) Filling valve !S" 1$$$ The international s%stem of unit 4S!5 and its application -S +*+1 !&& Wiring (egulations 1 !&& (egulations for &lectrical !nstallations, 1*th &dition, 1##1. 2.1.8 Design General The Transformers shall be designed in accordance standards, and applicable dra ings. ith the above7mentioned

The Transformers shall be capable of continuous dut% at an% voltage:fre;uenc% ithin the tolerances stated in this Specification. The Transformers shall be designed for unbalanced loading conditions. The Transformers shall be capable of suppl%ing short term transients to meet motor starting inrush currents. The Transformers shall be able of operating at their rated po er output at an% specific tapping. The Transformers shall be designed to ithstand and d%namic effects of e<ternal short circuits. Tec!n cal Para"eters The follo ing technical parameters shall guide the manufacturer for the Distribution Transformers design= &<isting 9et ork ,rimar% /oltage 1 12 k/ Future upgraded 9et ork ,rimar% /oltage 1 22 k/ Secondar% /oltage 1 $.8:$.2) k/ Fre;uenc% 1 2$ >? 9umber of ,hases 1 ) ,hases /ector group 1 D%n11 ithout damage the thermal

Transformers shall function correctl% bet een the s%stem stead% state voltage and fre;uenc% tolerances detailed belo = /oltage= 124225 : $.84$.2)5 @v nom. A *B 71$B.

Fre;uenc%= 2$ >? nominal C2B

Atelier Management and Design Consultancy (Vietnam) Co.,Ltd

SEL2-P !E" #"A$S% "ME"S&(

Further more, the Distribution Transformers and associated e;uipment shall be able to function through the follo ing short7term transient variation= /oltage= 9ominal A12B, 72$B Fre;uenc%= 9ominal C1$B The ma<imum allo ance for the Total >armonic Distortion ill be 2B.

The Transformers shall be designed ith particular attention to the suppression of harmonic currents, particularl% the )rd and 2th. Sa#et$ and Rel a% l t$ The Distribution Transformers shall be designed to minimise an% risk of an internal short circuit. Ser& ce cond t ons The Transformers shall be suitable for installation and operation in /ietnam and the environmental conditions described in the data sheets and project specifications. The manufacturer shall be responsible for ensuring that all e;uipment and components supplied are suitable for the operation and conditions stated. Where the manufacturer standard or preferred design option does not meet the operation or environmental conditions, the manufacturer shall give details of the technical changes and commercial impact of compl%ing ith the stated conditions. The Transformers shall be designed for ambient temperature of 8$D'. 2.2 2.2.1 '(ALIT) 3aterials .nd &;uipment T$*e The Distribution Transformers shall be "il !mmersed !ndoor t%pe ith a mineral oil as insulation medium ith "9.9 4"il 9atural .ir 9atural5 cooling method. The transformers shall be manufactured for !, 28 protection level. The Transformers shall be designed for foundation mounting. Ma+net c C rc, t The 3agnetic 'ircuit shall be made of the ElegsF 4vertical limbs5 configuration. ounded shell t%pe sheets in five

The amorphous metal sheets made of allo% consisting of #2B iron, 2B silicon and )B boron shall be used for the core construction. The thickness of the amorphous metal sheets shall be in range of is $.$22 mm. W nd n+s The t%pe of the coils shall be rectangular concentric For the 0o /oltage coil copper sheets shall be used. inding.

Atelier Management and Design Consultancy (Vietnam) Co.,Ltd

SEL2-P !E" #"A$S% "ME"S&)

The 3edium /oltage coil shall be constructed from copper rectangular

ire.

The epo<% resin shall be used as interla%er insulation, increasing the coilGs abilit% to ithstand short7circuit. The coils shall pass heat treatment at 1$$D' so that epo<% resin is pol%merised. Trans#or"er O l Transformer oil according to !&' 2#* specifications shall be used as cooling medium. The initial filling of transformer ith oil shall be done under high vacuum in order to assure the high penetration of oil ever% here and to remove air bubbles or moisture that could cause dielectric failure of coil. Trans#or"er Tank The transformer tank shall consist of the bottom plate, frame, and the tank sides. The tank sides shall be made of corrugated panels in order to increase the total cooling area. The tank of sealed t%pe transformers 4 ithout "il 'onservator5 shall be filled ith oil and is sealed. The corrugated panels shall not allo the creation of significant increase of pressure internall%, hich is caused b% the increase of oil temperature during transformerGs operation. The transformer tank shall have t o earthing points. The rolling s%stem shall be elded to the tank bottom plate.

The follo ing accessories and e;uipment shall be placed on the transformers tank cover= T o lifting lugs shall transformer. The pocket hich could be used for lifting and carr%ing the

ith thermometer e;uipped

ith t o electrical contacts.

The neutral earthing link.

The pressure relief device of the sealed t%pe transformers. Rollers The transformers shall be e;uipped -ra n n+ and Sa"*l n+ O l .al&e !n the lo er part of the tank side shall be installed draining and sampling oil valve, hich allo s the oil sampling in order to test the oil dielectric strength. Med ," .olta+e /,s! n+s For 3edium /oltage bushings, the porcelain t%pe according to D!9 822)1 shall be used. ith bi7directional rollers.

Atelier Management and Design Consultancy (Vietnam) Co.,Ltd

SEL2-P !E" #"A$S% "ME"S&*

Lo0 .olta+e /,s! n+s The 0o /oltage bushings of 1 k/ series shall be in accordance standard. Ta* C!an+er The Distribution Transformers shall be e;uipped ith "ff 0oad Tap 'hanger on the primar% voltage side ith fife steps positions 4$, 72,2B, 72 B, 7+,2B and 71$B5. .olta+e Selector The /oltage Selector 4'hangeover S itch5 shall be used for the change of the transformer primar% operating voltage from one voltage level to another 4e.g. from 12 k/ 7 present to 22 k/ 7 future5 in coordination ith the voltage of the net ork. Trans#or"er T!er"o"eter The thermometerGs thermocouple shall be set at the higher oil la%er, in measure the ma<imum oil temperature. The electrical contacts thermometer shall be regulated to the desirable temperatures and connected to the protection circuit for alarm and tripping of the circuit, corresponding temperature limits could be e<ceeded. O l Conser&ator Distribution Transformers shall be e;uipped ith the "il 'onservators for compensation of oil volume fluctuation as the result of oil temperature rise. /,c!!ol1 Rela$ "il !mmersed Distribution Transformers shall be protected b% -uchhol? rela% from internal faults, short circuits and oil leakages. A r -e!," d # er The .ir Dehumidifier 4-reather5 shall be placed on the "il 'onservator. hich absorb the air order to of the shall be hen the ith D!9 822)$

The .ir Dehumidifier contains Si"2 cr%stals 4silica gel5, moisture. o o The silica gel should have the follo ing colors= Hello 4silica gel is full% dr%5.

Soft blue7 hite 4silica gel is full of moisture5.

F ll n+ .al&e The Distribution Transformers shall be e;uipped ith a filling valve, in order to have the abilit% to fill the transformers ith mineral oil. O l Le&el Ind cator For the sealed t%pe Distribution Transformers 4 ithout "il 'onservator that are belo 1 3/.5, the "il 0evel !ndicator shall be placed on the Tank side or on the Transformer 'over. For the transformers ith "il 'onservator, "il 0evel !ndicator of magnetic t%pe shall be placed on the "il 'onservator.

Atelier Management and Design Consultancy (Vietnam) Co.,Ltd

SEL2-P !E" #"A$S% "ME"S&+

Rat n+ Plate .ll the transformer data shall be mentioned on the rating plate= 3anufacturer name Distribution Transformer t%pe ,o er in k/. 9umber of ,hases Fre;uenc% Short7circuit impedance /ector group T%pe of cooling Windings material Serial number Hear of manufacturing core and Weight "il Total eight eight indings

3a<imum ambient temperature Winding temperature rise "il temperature rise (ated voltage4s5 of the primar% inding, inding

(ated voltage4s5 of the secondar% (ated current of the primar%

inding inding

(ated current of the secondar% 6uaranteed 9o7load losses 6uaranteed 0oad losses ,ositions of Tap 'hanger ,ositions of /oltage Selector.

Tank Eart! n+ Po nt

Atelier Management and Design Consultancy (Vietnam) Co.,Ltd

SEL2-P !E" #"A$S% "ME"S&,

T o Tank &arthing ,oints shall be placed near the bottom of the tank 4one &arthing ,oint in diametric opposite direction ith the other &arthing ,oint5, in order to have the abilit% for Tank earthing. 2.2 2.).1 MAN(FACT(RING 3anufacturer The Distribution Transformers and their components shall be manufactured in the factor%4ies5 certified ith !S" #$$1 certificate ith at least 1$ %ears e<perience in the specified e;uipment production. 2.).2 !nspection The e;uipment ma% be inspected during manufacturing in an% of the plants, hich are involved in the related manufacturing. The 'ontractor shall make provision in his rates to cover the &ngineer e<penses for such inspection. The e;uipment shall be delivered ith all the documents re;uired for installation, testing, commissioning, operation and servicing7maintenance. The 'ontractor shall notif% the &ngineer so that inspections ma% be conducted at the follo ing stages= 2.3 2.8.1 'ore fabrication, 'ore inding,

Tank h%drostatic pressure test, Transformers read% for routine testing and dispatch, Transformers installed and connected, .cceptance and handover.

Tests T%pe Test 6eneral The 'ontractor shall submit for the &ngineerGs approval ith the proposed manufacturer Distribution TransformersG T%pe Test certificate from independence laborator% 4@&3. or e;uivalent5, hich included the follo ing tests results= Te"*erat,re R se Test The procedure of the temperature rise test is performed according to !&' +*72. With this specific test, the follo ing tasks shall be implemented= The determination of the temperature rise of the oil The determination of the average temperature rise of the indings.

0ightning !mpulse Test The procedure of the lightning impulse test shall be performed according to !&'

Atelier Management and Design Consultancy (Vietnam) Co.,Ltd

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+*7). With this specific test, the transformerGs ithstand against over7voltages shall be checked. These over7voltages are caused from= 2.8.2 Traveling aves 4that are caused from thunders5 of transmission lines

Sudden on:off s itching of breakers Short7circuits at the substation area.

(outine Tests General The (outine Tests shall be performed on ever% transformer separatel%. The routine tests shall include= 3easurement of Winding (esistance The procedure of the measurement of indings resistance shall be performed according to !&' +*71. During this test the resistance of each inding shall be measured and the temperature shall be recorded. The test shall be performed ith D' 4direct current5. The measurement of the resistance of the indings shall be performed using a resistance bridge. Meas,re"ent o# t!e .olta+e Rat o and C!eck o# P!ase - s*lace"ent The measurement of the voltage ratio shall be performed according to !&' +*71. The objective of the specific test is to compare the measured values of the transformer ratio ith the respective guaranteed values. For the transformer, the turns ratio is e;ual to the voltage ratio of primar% and secondar% inding. Meas,re"ent o# S!ort4C rc, t I"*edance The measurement of short7circuit impedance shall be performed according to !&' +*71. The short7circuit impedance, hich is e<pressed as a percentage of the rated voltage, represents the transformerGs impedance. The short7circuit impedance shall be calculated at the reference temperature of +2D'. Load Losses Meas,re"ent The load losses measurement shall be implemented ith the secondar% inding short7circuited and b% increasing the voltage of the primar% inding till the current of the primar% inding reaches its nominal value. The load losses shall be calculated at the reference temperature of +2D'. Meas,re"ent o# No Load C,rrent and No Load Losses The measurement shall be performed according to !&' +*71. The no load current represents the real value of current that is re;uired to magneti?e the magnetic core.

Atelier Management and Design Consultancy (Vietnam) Co.,Ltd

SEL2-P !E" #"A$S% "ME"S&.

The no load losses represent the active po er that is absorbed b% the transformer core hen it is applied rated voltage and rated fre;uenc% in the one inding 4e.g. secondar%5 and the other inding 4e.g. primar%5 is open7circuited. - electr c Ro,t ne Tests The Dielectric (outine Tests are the follo ing= .pplied /oltage Dielectric Test

The duration of the test, according to !&' +*7), shall be 1 min. With this specific test, the follo ing shall be checked= The insulation bet een 3/ and 0/ The insulation bet een the tested The insulation bet een the tested indings, indings and the tank indings and the magnetic circuit.

The procedure of the measurement is as follo s= M. W nd n+ The 0/ indings shall be short7circuited and grounded ith the transformer tank. Then, single7phase voltage shall be applied to the 3/ inding. This voltage ould be determined b% the voltage of the 3/ s%stem, in hich the transformer is going to be connected. L. W nd n+ The 3/ indings shall be short7circuited and grounded ith the transformer tank. Then, single7phase voltage shall be applied to the 0/ inding. This voltage ould be determined b% the voltage of the 0/ s%stem, in hich the transformer is going to be connected. !nduced /oltage Dielectric Test

Three7phase voltage, t ice the rated voltage, shall be induced to the transformer for 1 min. !n order to avoid saturation, the fre;uenc% shall be also doubled, so that the magnetic induction remains constant. Finall%, during this test, the volts per turn and therefore the volts per la%er are doubled. With this test, the dielectric strength bet een turns and la%ers is verified. 2.8.) Special Tests !n order to maintain high degree of the Distribution Transformers ;ualit% the follo ing Special Tests shall be conducted= Determination of 'apacitances of Windings7to7&arth and bet een Windings Short7'ircuit Withstand Test .ccording to this test, the Transformer shall be subjected to successivel% short7circuits of $.2 sec duration and the transformer must ithstand these short7circuits.

Atelier Management and Design Consultancy (Vietnam) Co.,Ltd #"A$S% "ME"S&'/

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Determination of Sound 0evels The Transformer shall be energised at no load and at rated voltage and rated fre;uenc%, so the noise peripherall% to the transformer can be measured. 3easurement of the >armonics of the 9o 0oad 'urrent 3easurement of !nsulation (esistance Dissipation Factor of the !nsulation S%stem 'apacitances (adio !nterference /oltage 3easurement of Iero7Se;uence !mpedance /ector 6roup 'onformit% Test Functional Tests on .larm:Trip Devices 2.5 2.2.1 INSTALLATION !nstructions For Transformers !nstallation The 'ontractor shall be full% responsible for the safe transportation, unloading, and connection to the net ork of the specified Distribution Transformers. The transformer chamber as an integral part of the substation must be constructed after stud% and detailed design approval b% the &ngineer. Jnder the transformer, there should be an oil collection tank, hich has on its upper part a metallic mesh and gravel. The oil collection tank shall have the appropriate volume, so that in case of leakage all the ;uantit% of the transformer oil can be collected ithin the oil collection tank. The earthing s%stem resistance shall be less than 1K. The unloading and transportation of the transformer should be done in such a a% that the transformer does not deviate b% more than 12L from its hori?ontal position. When the transformer is installed at its position, no deviation is allo ed from its hori?ontal position. -efore the connection of the transformer to the net ork, the transformer must be site tested in accordance ith !nternational &lectrical Testing .ssociation recommendations in order to ensure that it has no damage during its transportation or it has no oil leakage. 2.2.2 !nstallation area When the transformer is going to be installed inside a transformer chamber 4indoor installation5, particular attention should be paid to the calculation of the dimensions of the installation area as ell as to the ventilation. The ventilation of the transformer chamber influences the cooling, and conse;uentl%, the transformerGs life. The distance bet een the alls of the room and the transformer end points must be minimum 1 m. 2.2.) Thermometer connection The transformer thermometer shall be used to follo temperature. the variations of the oil hich could change

The thermometer shall have t o normall% open contacts,

Atelier Management and Design Consultancy (Vietnam) Co.,Ltd #"A$S% "ME"S&''

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status

hen the transformer reaches the predetermined limits.

The first contact 4alarm contact5 is used for arning and the second 4trip7off contact5 is used for tripping off the circuit breaker at the lo voltage s itchboard. The arning shall be=

.ctivation of alarm, 0oad rejection, "ptical indication 4 arning lamp5.

The activation adjustments of the transformer contacts shall be= 2.2.8 #$L' for arning 4left movable pointer ith red end5, ith red end5.

1$$L' for trip7off 4right movable pointer

-uchhol? rela% connection The 'ontractor shall connect -uchhol? (ela% using the follo ing connection instructions= !nitiall%, the protective c%lindrical cover of the testing button of the -uchhol? rela% must be unscre ed, and then the c%lindrical piece of ood 4 hich blocks the floats during transportation5 must be removed. 'heck 4from the inspection door5 if the -uchhol? rela% is full ith oil. !n case that it is not full, the he<agonal cover must be removed and the ventilation valve must be opened so that the -uchhol? rela% to be filled ith oil. The filling and the free movement of the floats ith the contacts are checked through the inspection door. .s soon as the -uchhol? rela% is filled ith oil, the ventilation valve must be closed again.

2.2.2

.ir dehumidifier connection !f the Distribution Transformer has an .ir Dehumidifier, the 'ontractor shall use the follo ing connection instructions= Waterproof packing shall be used for the transportation of the Dehumidifier, in order to avoid the absorption of moisture b% the silica gel. During the installation of the Dehumidifier, the oil glass 4 hich is under the dehumidifier5 shall be removed. Then the oil glass is filled ith mineral oil until the end of the tube 4 hich goes out of the Dehumidifier5 to be sink in the oil. !n during the Transformer transportation, the Dehumidifier must be removed, its tap must be sealed and a cap must be put to the tube of the oil conservator. The electrical contacts shall consist of t o pairs of normall% open contacts. The one pair of contacts shall be used for alarm and the other pair of contacts for tripping off the circuit breaker.

Atelier Management and Design Consultancy (Vietnam) Co.,Ltd #"A$S% "ME"S&'2

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2.6

TESTING AN- COMMISSIONING Field testing and commissioning of the Distribution Transformers shall be carried out b% the code of !nter9ational &lectrical Testing .ssociation 49&T.5. "nl% ;ualified personnel shall test and commission the Distribution Transformers.

2.*.1

Site testing Site Testing shall be limited to= . s,al and Mec!an cal Ins*ect on !nspection of the ph%sical and mechanical condition /erification that alarm, control, and trip settings on temperature indicators are as specified "peration verification of all alarm, control, and trip circuits from temperature and level indicators, pressure relief device, and fault pressure rela%. !nspection of all bolted electrical connections for high resistance using one of the follo ing methods= Jse of lo 7resistance ohmmeter /erif% tightness of accessible bolted electrical connections b% calibrated tor;ue7 rench method in accordance ith manufacturerMs published data

,erformance of the thermographic surve% /erification of the correct li;uid level in all tanks and bushings. ,erformance of the specific inspections and mechanical tests as recommended b% manufacturer. /erification of the correct e;uipment earthing. Test load tap7changer /erification of the presence of transformer surge arresters. Electr cal Tests ,erformance of the insulation7resistance tests, inding7to7 inding and each inding7to7ground. Test duration shall be for ten minutes ith resistances tabulated at )$ seconds, one minute, and ten minutes. 'alculate polarisation inde< ,erformance of the resistance measurements through all bolted connections a lo 7resistance ohmmeter ,erformance of the turns7ratio tests at the designated tap position ,erformance of the insulation po er7factor : dissipation7factor tests on all indings and correct to 2$$' in accordance ith test e;uipment manufacturerMs published data ith

Atelier Management and Design Consultancy (Vietnam) Co.,Ltd #"A$S% "ME"S&'(

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,erform po er7factor : dissipation7factor tests 4or hot collar atts7loss tests5 on bushings and correct for 2$$' in accordance ith test e;uipment manufacturerMs published data. ,erformance of the e<citation7current tests in accordance manufacturerMs published data 3easurements of the resistance of each ith test e;uipment

inding at the designated tap position

!f core earth strap is accessible, measure core insulation resistance at 2$$ volts D'. Testing of the sample of insulating li;uid, sample shall be tested in accordance ith the referenced standard= Dielectric breakdo n voltage .cid neutralisation number Specific gravit% !nterfacial tension 'olour /isual 'ondition ,arts per million ater

3easurement of dissipation factor or po er factor Testing of the sample of insulating li;uid for dissolved gas anal%sis 2.*.2 'ommissioning The onl% settings re;uired during the commissioning of the Distribution Transformers shall be parameter settings of the protections and the alarms on the protection and control unit.

Atelier Management and Design Consultancy (Vietnam) Co.,Ltd #"A$S% "ME"S&')

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