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104
103 CD
102
10
1.0
0.1 10-4
10-3
10-2
10-1
10 NRe
102
103
104
105
106
Figure by MIT OCW. Adapted from: Reynolds, T. D., and P. A. Richards. Unit Operations and Processes in Environmental Engineering. 2nd ed. Boston, MA: PWS Publishing Company, 1996.
2V 1/2 H 2V
v vo
V 1/2 H V
v 1/2 v0
1/2 H
Intermediate Tray
Tray in tank provides added floor area & increases solids removal
Figure by MIT OCW. Adapted from: Camp, T. R. "Studies of Sedimentation Basin Design." Sewage and Industrial Wastes 25, no. 1 (1953): 1-12.
Settling A B
Zone
Figure by MIT OCW. Adapted from: Camp, T. R. "Studies of Sedimentation Basin Design." Sewage and Industrial Wastes 25, no. 1 (1953): 1-12.
Figure by MIT OCW. Adapted from: Camp, T. R. "Studies of Sedimentation Basin Design." Sewage and Industrial Wastes 25, no. 1 (1953): 1-12.
Siphon
h2
h5
Sample of suspension
5
Sludge
Figure by MIT OCW. Adapted from Camp, T. R., 1946. Sedimentation and the
design of settling tanks. Transactions ASCE. Vol. 111, Pg. 895-936.
Sampling Ports
h1 h1 h2
R1
h3
60%
70%
80%
h4 R5 h4 0.5 m h5 t1 t2 TIME t3 t4 t5 R4 R3 R2
150 mm
Figure by MIT OCW. Adapted from: G. Tchobanoglous, F. L. Burton, and H. D. Stensel. Wastewater Engineering: Treatment and Reuse. 4th ed. Metcalf & Eddy Inc., New York, NY: McGraw-Hill, 2003, p. 369.
Figure by MIT OCW. Adapted from: MWH, J. C. Crittenden, R. R. Trussell, D. W. Hand, K. J. Howe, and G. Tchobanoglous. Water Treatment: Principles and Design. 2nd ed. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, 2005, p. 781.
Skimmer
Effluent troughs
Influent
Scraper board
Chains
Effluent
Sludge Drawoff
Scum
A
Scum
Scum box
Plan
Drive
Skimmer
WS
Effluent
Sludge Drawoff
Sludge hoppers
Longitudinal Section
Figure by MIT OCW. Adapted from: Reynolds, T. D., and P. A. Richards. Unit Operations and Processes in Environmental Engineering. 2nd ed. Boston, MA: PWS Publishing Company, 1996, p. 249. ISBN: 0534948847.
Clarifier Corner blade Walk way Blades Effluent pipe Weir Cage Blade Rake arm
Flocculator Baffle
Sludge pocket
Chain Guide plate Sheaves Corner blade Drive Unit Flash mixer Chamber Paddle
Effluent channel
Counter weight
PLAN
Cage
Influent pipe
Flocculator & square sedimentation tank for water clarification, illustrating ceoss-flowoperation.
Figure by MIT OCW. Adapted from: Droste, R. L. Theory and Practice of Water and Wastewater Treatment. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, 1997.
Effluent Flume
Collection Trough
Bridg
Scraper Arm
Rotation
Flocculation Skirt
Mixer
Water level
Inlet port
Flocculator-clarifier provides mixing, flocculation, & sedimentation in a compartmented concentric circular tank.
Figure by MIT OCW. Adapted from: Droste, R. L. Theory and Practice of Water and Wastewater Treatment. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, 1997.
Figure by MIT OCW. Adapted from: Droste, R. L. Theory and Practice of Water and Wastewater Treatment. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, 1997.
Figure by MIT OCW. Adapted from: Binnie, C., M. Kimber, and G. Smethurst. Basic Water Treatment. 3rd ed. Cambridge, UK: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2002.