Swedish Tutorial Basic Phrases, Vocabulary and Grammar

Note: Before heading to the tutorial I would Strictly recommend to download any
online dictionary which could easily translate the difficult Swedish words pro ided below so that you can understand them easily and learn !uic"ly, if you ha e one so that#s good if not then I#ll personally prefer Babel$ish dictionary which is free so you don#t need to buy it% The download lin" is pro ided below:

Download BabelFish Translator

1. Basic Phrases God morgon Good Morning God " )ll Good Evening &e' d* ( +d', !ore "or!al# Goodbye Tac" -s* myc"et. Than$ yo% very !%ch# /a ( Ne' 'es / No &ur )r det0 ( &ur har du det0 How are yo%( Bra Good / Fine Vad heter du0 )hat&s yo%r na!e( /ag heter%%% * a! called... Tre ligt att tr)ffas2 Pleased to !eet yo%+ Varifr*n "ommer du0 &e' ( Goddag Hello / Good Day God natt Good Night Sn)lla Please Ingen orsa" ( Vars*god Don&t !ention it / 'o%&re welco!e &err ( $ru ( $r,"en Mister / Misses / Miss &ur m*r du0 How are yo%( How are yo% "eeling(# Inte s* bra% Not so good Vad )r ditt namn0 )hat&s yo%r na!e( 1itt namn )r%%% My na!e is... V)l"ommen2 )elco!e+ /ag "ommer fr*n%%%

)here are yo% "ro!( Var bor du0 )here do yo% live( &ur gammal )r du0 How old are yo%( Talar du s ens"a0 Do yo% s-ea$ .wedish(

*&! "ro!... /ag bor i%%% * live in... /ag )r 333 *r -gammal.. * a! ,,,, years old. /ag talar engels"a% * s-ea$ English.

dans"a, nors"a, frans"a, italiens"a, spans"a, tys"a, holl)nds"a, rys"a, 'apans"a Danish/ Norwegian/ French/ *talian/ .-anish/ Ger!an/ D%tch/ 0%ssian/ 1a-anese /a, lite grann% 'es/ a little bit. /ag f,rst*r 4inte%5 * 2don&t3 %nderstand. 6rs)"ta ( $,rl*t E4c%se !e / Pardon !e Vi ses senare ( snart .ee yo% later / soon /ag )ls"ar dig% * love yo%. 5. Pron%nciation Swedish letter-s. ch c$ g g g g7 $ : sch ti on# t7 v/ w 7nglish sound sh $ g be"ore a/ o/ %/ 6/ or %nstressed e 7 be"ore e/ i/ y/ 8/ 9 and a"ter l or r $ be"ore t 7 so"t ch so%nd/ be"ore e/ i/ y/ 8/ 9 $ sh sh so"t ch so%nd v Ne', inte alls% No/ not at all. /ag et 4inte%5 * 2don&t3 $now. &a det s* bra2 Ta$e care+ &e' ( &e' d* Hi / Bye /ag sa"nar dig% * !iss yo%.

4 ; <. =l-habet a b c d e f g h i ' ?. No%ns @ Aases ah bay say day ay e" gay haw ee yee " l m n o p ! r s t

$s s

$aw el e! en oh -ay $oo air ess tay

u 8 y 9 * ) ,

ooh vay e$s ew say>tah aw with li-s ro%nded# eh as in bed# er with li-s ro%nded#

No%ns in .wedish have two genders/ co!!on and ne%ter/ which ad7ectives !%st agree with when !odi"ying no%ns. These genders are signi"ied by the inde"inite articlesB en and ett. *n the vocab%lary lists/ a no%n "ollowed by n# !eans that it is a ne%ter no%n and it ta$es the inde"inite article ett. The !a7ority o" no%ns in .wedish are co!!on gender/ so they ta$e the inde"inite article en. The only case o" no%ns that is %sed in .wedish is the genitive showing -ossession#/ and it is easily "or!ed by adding an >s to the no%n. This is co!-arable to adding >&s in English to show -ossession. However/ i" the no%n already ends in >s/ then yo% add nothing %nli$e English where we add >& or >&s#. +nders bo" C =nders&s boo$

D. =rticles @ De!onstratives There are two inde"inite articles corres-onding to a and an# in .wedishB en and ett. En is %sed with !ost o" the no%ns words denoting -eo-le al!ost always %se en#/ b%t yo% will 7%st have to learn which article goes with which no%n. The de"inite article the# is not a se-arate word li$e in !ost other lang%ages. *t is si!-ly a "or! o" the inde"inite article attached to the end o" the no%n. Note that en words ending in a vowel retain that vowel and add an >n instead o" adding >en. =nd ett words ending in >e 7%st add a >t. 7n words -common. 7tt words -neuter.

*nde"inite De"inite *nde"inite De"inite en ett a banana bananen the banana a table bordet the table banan bord a en stol a chair stolen the chair ett "," ","et the $itchen $itchen ett en gata a street gatan the street an a--le )pplet the a--le )pple This, that, these and those are e4-ressed in .wedish by %sing den, det or de -l%s the word h)r here# and d)r there#. The no%n is always in the de"inite "or! a"ter these de!onstratives. =nd i" any ad7ectives "ollow the de!onstrative/ they !%st add an >a to the ending. with en words den h)r bil7etten > this tic$et den d)r bil7etten > that tic$et with ett words det h)r t6get > this train det d)r t6get > that train with plural words de h)r bil7etterna > these tic$ets de d)r t6gen > those trains

this / these that / those

E. .%b7ect @ Fb7ect Prono%ns Sub'ect : ;b'ect Pronouns 'ag du han hon den det man i ni de -dom. yah doo hahn hohn den deh mahn vee nee dahm * yo% sing%lar# he she it with en words# it with ett words# one we yo% -l%ral# they mig -me'. dig -de'. honom henne den det en oss er dem -dom. meh deh ho-nohm heh-neh den deh en ohss ehr dahm !e yo% hi! her it it one %s yo% the!

1an can be translated as one/ we/ they or the -eo-le in general. )hen re"erring to no%ns as it/ yo% %se den "or en no%ns/ and det "or ett no%ns. For!erly/ du was the in"or!al yo% and ni was the "or!al/ b%t these distinctions are rarely %sed any!ore. The "or!s in -arentheses are the in"or!al ways o" s-elling these words/ which is closer to the act%al -ron%nciation.

G. To Be @ to Have The -resent and -ast tenses o" verbs in .wedish are very si!-le to con7%gate. =ll the "or!s are the sa!e "or each -ersonal -rono%n. The in"initive o" the verb to be in .wedish is ara/ and the con7%gated -resent tense "or! is )r and the -ast tense is ar. The in"initive o" the verb to have is ha/ and the con7%gated -resent tense "or! is har and the -ast tense is hade. ara < to be * a! 'ag )r * was yo% are du )r yo% were he is han )r he was she is hon )r she was it is den )r it was it is det )r it was ha < to ha e * have 'ag har * had 'ag hade yo% have du har yo% had du hade he has han har he had han hade she has hon har she had hon hade it has den har it had den hade it has det har it had det hade man one has one had man hade har we have i har we had i hade yo% have ni har yo% had ni hade they they de har de hade have had

'ag ar du ar han ar hon ar den ar det ar man one is man )r one was ar we are i )r we were i ar yo% are ni )r yo% were ni ar they are de )r they were de ar

To "or! the "%t%re tense o" verbs/ 7%st add s"a be"ore the in"initive. /ag s"a ara C * will beH hon s"a ha C she will haveH etc.

I. Jse"%l )ords so!eti!es ibland always alltid never aldrig o"ten %s%ally now and b%t or very here there with ofta oftast nu och men eller myc"et ( )ldigt h)r d)r med already -erha-s both redan "ans"e b*da n*gon, n*got, so!e n*gra again igen, *ter between mellan a lot/ m*nga !any o" co%rse naturligt is a little litegrann not at all inte alls al!ost really( it is n)stan er"ligen det )r

each other arandra K. L%estion )ords )ho )hat )hy )hen )here em ad arf,r n)r ar

there is/are

det finns

)hose )hich )here to )here "ro! How

ems il"en, il"et, il"a art arifr*n hur

Which has three di""erent "or!s de-ending on the gender and n%!ber o" the no%n that "ollows it. Mil$en is %sed with en words/ vil$et is %sed with ett words and vil$a is %sed with -l%ral words.

1N. Aardinal @ Frdinal N%!bers N 1 5 < ? D E G I K 1N 11 15 1< 1? 1D 1E 1G 1I 1K 5N noll en, ett t * tre fyra fem se8 s'u *tta nio tio el a tol tretton f'orton femton se8ton s'utton arton nitton t'ugo

1st 5nd <rd ?th Dth Eth Gth Ith Kth 1Nth 11th 15th 1<th 1?th 1Dth 1Eth 1Gth 1Ith 1Kth 5Nth

f,rsta andra tred'e f')rde femte s')tte s'unde *ttonde nionde tionde elfte tolfte trettonde f'ortonde femtonde se8tonde s'uttonde artonde nittonde t'ugonde

t'ugoen, t'ugoett 55 t'ugot * <N trettio ?N fyrtio DN femtio EN se8tio GN s'uttio IN *ttio KN nittio 1NN hundra 1/NNN tusen !illion en mil'on billion en mil'ard trillion en bil'on 51 11. Days o" the )ee$ / Mec$ans dagar Monday T%esday )ednesday Th%rsday Friday .at%rday .%nday day !orning a"ternoon evening night today to!orrow day a"ter to!orrow tonight yesterday day be"ore yesterday last night wee$ wee$end

51st 55nd <Nth ?Nth DNth ENth GNth INth KNth 1NNth 1/NNNth

t'ugof,rsta t'ugoandra trettionde fyrtionde femtionde se8tionde s'uttionde *ttionde nittionde hundrade tusende

m*ndag tisdag onsdag torsdag fredag l,rdag s,ndag dag morgon eftermiddag afton -before = pm. ( " )ll natt idag imorgon i , ermorgon i" )ll ig*r i f,rrg*r ig*r natt ec"a helg

daily wee$ly

daglig ec"olig To say OonO a certain day/ %se p* be"ore the day.

15. Months o" the 'ear / Prets !=nader 1an%ary Febr%ary March =-ril May 1%ne 1%ly =%g%st .e-te!ber Fctober Nove!ber Dece!ber !onth year !onthly yearly 'anuari februari mars april ma' 'uni 'uli augusti september o"tober no ember december m*nad *r m*natlig or ar( ar'e m*nad *rlig

To say OinO a certain !onth/ %se i be"ore the !onth. 1<. .easons )inter .-ring .%!!er Fall inter *r sommar h,st in in in in the# winter the# s-ring the# s%!!er the# "all p* intern p* *ren p* sommaren p* h,sten

'o% can also %se i be"ore the na!es o" the !onths to e4-ress thisB i inter C this winter

1?. Directions North .o%th East norr s,der ,ster Northeast Northwest .o%theast nordost nord )st sydost

)est 1D. Aolors orange -in$ -%r-le bl%e yellow red blac$ brown gray white green

)ster

.o%thwest

syd )st

orange, orangea rosa ( s")r, s")rt, s")ra lila bl*, bl*tt, bl*a gul, gult, gula r,d, r,tt, r,da s art, s art, s arta brun, brunt, bruna gr*, gr*tt, gr*a it, itt, ita gr,n, gr,nt, gr,na

.ince colors are ad7ectives/ !ost o" the! decline according to which no%n they describe. The "irst word is %sed with en words/ the second with ett words and the third with -l%ral words. .o!e words re!ain the sa!e "or all three.

1E. Ti!e / Tid )hat ti!e is it( *t is# 5 =M 5 PM EB5N hal" -ast < :%arter -ast ? :%arter to D 1N -ast 11 5N to G noon !idnight in the !orning in the evening *t&s e4actly... =bo%t/aro%nd I. =t I. early Vad )r "loc"an0 >loc"an )r t * p* natten ?@%AA -but said as t *. t'ugo , er se8 hal fyra " art , er fyra " art i fem tio , er el a t'ugo i s'u mitt p* dagen midnatt p* morgonen p* " )llen den )r precis om"ring *tta "loc"an *tta tidigt

late r# 1G. )eather / M=der How&s the weather today( *t&s cold bea%ti"%l hot clear icy war! windy clo%dy ha;y !%ggy h%!id "oggy *t&s snowing *t&s raining *t&s "ree;ing 1I. Fa!ily / Fa!il7 Parents Mother Father .on Da%ghter Brother .ister Grand"ather Grand!other Grandson Grandda%ghter Niece Ne-hew Ao%sin Jncle =%nt

sent -senare.

Vad )r det f,r )der idag0 det )r "allt ac"ert ( fint ')tte armt "lart isigt armt bl*sigt molnigt disigt r*tt fu"tigt dimmigt det sn,ar det regnar det )r "allt("yligt

f,r)ldrar mamma ( mor ( moder pappa ( far ( fader son dotter bror syster farfar -fatherBs father. ( morfar -motherBs father. farmor -fatherBs mother. ( mormor -motherBs mother. sonson -sonBs son. ( dotterson -daughterBs son. sondotter -sonBs daughter. ( dotterdotter -daughterBs daughter. brorsdotter -brotherBs daughter. ( systerdotter -sisterBs daughter. brorson -brotherBs son. ( systerson -sisterBs son. "usin farbror -fatherBs brother. ( morbror -motherBs brother. faster -fatherBs sister. ( moster -motherBs sister.

Boy Girl Ahild / Baby =d%lt Man )o!an Friend !# Friend "#

po'"e flic"a barn ( baby ( bebis ( sp)dbarn u8en -n. man " inna )n )ninna

1K. To Qnow Peo-le @ Facts ")nna < to "now eta < to people "now facts present $8nner vet past $8nde visste future s$a $8nna s$a veta 5N. For!ation o" Pl%ral No%ns =n en word ta$es one o" the "ollowing endings when it is -l%rali;edB or, ar, er. =n ett word ta$es an n or no ending at all. *nde"inite Pl%ral dro- <a and add a watch > so!e# en "loc"a < "loc"or <or watches dro- <e and add En words that end in <e en po'"e < po'"ar a boy > so!e# boys <ar En words with stress on last en "amrat < a "riend > so!e# add <er vowel "amrater "riends a -lace > so!e# Ett words that end in a vowel add <n ett st)lle < st)llen -laces Ett words that end in a a roo! > so!e# no ending ett rum < rum consonant roo!s En words that end in <a To "or! the de"inite -l%ral/ yo% !%st "irst "or! the inde"inite -l%ral and then add these endings to that word. *nde". Pl%ral En words add <na "loc"or < "loc"orna st)llen < st)llena rum < rummen so!e# watches > the watches so!e# -laces > the -laces so!e# roo!s > the roo!s

*nde". Pl%ral Ett words that end in a add <a vowel *nde". Pl%ral Ett words that end in a add <en

consonant There are so!e no%ns that change their vowel in the -l%ral. These no%ns %s%ally ta$e the >er ending when "or!ing the inde"inite -l%ral. en natt < n)tter en stad < st)der en hand < h)nder en tand < t)nder en strand < str)nder en rand < r)nder ett land < l)nder a night > nights a town > towns a hand > hands a tooth > teeth a beach > beaches a stri-e > stri-es a co%ntry > co%ntries en bonde < b,nder en ledamot < ledam,ter en fot < f,tter en rot < r,tter en bo" < b,c"er en man < m)n mannen < m)nnen a "ar!er > "ar!ers a !e!ber > !e!bers a "oot > "eet a root > roots a boo$ > boo$s a !an > !en the !an > the !en

51. Possessive =d7ectives @ Prono%ns with en words min din sin hans hennes dess *r er deras with ett words mitt ditt sitt hans hennes dess *rt ert deras with plural words mina dina sina hans hennes dess *ra era deras

my / mine your / yours his / her / its / their his / his her / hers its / its our / ours your / yours their / theirs

The sa!e "or!s are %sed "or -ossessive ad7ectives that are %sed directly be"ore no%ns and "or -ossessive -rono%ns that re-lace a no%n. For e4a!-le/ this is my car and this is mine wo%ld be translated as det h)r )r min bil and det h)r )r min. Sin, sitt and sina can only be %sed when the third -erson -ossessive ad7ective re"ers to the s%b7ect o" the sa!e cla%se. These words can be translated as his, her, its or their. Generally/ i" yo% cannot insert OownO a"ter the -ossessive ad7ective in English/ yo% cannot %se sin/sitt/sina. Per bes9$er sin !a!!a. C Per visits his own# !other. .in re"ers bac$ to Per.# Eva ringer hans !a!!a. C Eva calls his !other. Hans re"ers to Per/ not Eva.#

55. To Do/Ma$e @ To Beco!e g,ra < to do(ma"e g9r g7orde s$a g9ra bli < to become blir blev s$a bli

present past future 5<. )or$ and .chool actor actress a%thor

s"*despelare s"*despelers"a f,rfattare

7%dge lawyer !echanic

ba$er bagare ba$er&s sho- bageri boo$seller bo"handlare boo$shob%siness!an b%tcher -har!acist -har!acy coo$ c%sto!er dentist doctor e!-loyee engineer "isher!an gardener hairdresser 7eweler 7o%rnalist 5?. Pre-ositions id i p* bo"aff)r aff)rsman sla"tare farmaceut apote" -n. "oc", "o"ers"a "und tandl)"are l)"are, do"tor anst)lld, arbetstagare ingen',r

!%sician n%rse o""icial o-tician eye opti"er doctor# -ainter m*lare -hotogra-her fotograf -olice!an polis -ost!an bre b)rare -riest pr)st -%blisher f,rl)ggare scientist etens"apsman shoe!a$er s"oma"are sho-/ store singer buti" s*ngare, s*ngers"a student "irurg s"r)ddare l)rare arbetare

domare ad o"at me"ani"er, mont,r musi"er s'u"s",ters"a )mbetsman

fis"are st%dent tr)dg*rdsm)stare s%rgeon h*rfris,r tailor 'u elerare teacher 'ournalist wor$!an

by/ at/ ne4t a to in ba"om on/ in/ at bland

o"/ by/ with behind a!ong

hos till fr*n genom l)ngs , er mot mellan om sedan trots

at the ho%se bred id beside o" to efter a"ter/ "or according "ro! enligt to thro%gh/ by framf,r in "ront o" "or/ by/ along f,r with across/ over om"ring aro%nd towards/ to med with/ by %nder/ between under below aro%nd/ utan witho%t abo%t/ in since utom e4ce-t "or towards/ in s-ite o" *t "or

Vid is %sed to e4-ress a -osition ne4t to so!ething/ b%t with no contact. I is %sed to e4-ress a -osition in so!ething that is seen to have vol%!e roo!/ containers/ etc.#H and it is also %sed with co%ntries/ cities/ villages/ etc. P* is %sed to e4-ress a -osition on so!ething that is seen as a line or s%r"ace with contactH and it is also %sed with islands/ addresses/ and -artic%lar -laces/ s%ch as ban$/ -ost o""ice/ cine!a/ hos-ital/ library/ etc. Three e4ce-tions to %sing -6 with -artic%lar -laces incl%de school/ the sho- and ch%rchB i s"olan, i aff)ren, i "yr"an.

5D. Ao%ntries @ Nationalities Country ="rica / ="rican +fri"a =!erica / +meri"a =!erican =rgentina / +rgentina =rgentinan =sia / =sian +sien =%stralia / +ustralien =%stralian =%stria / Csterri"e =%strian Belgi%! / Belgien Belgian Bra;il / Brasilien Bra;ilian Noun afri"an ameri"an argentinare asiat australiensare ,sterri"are belgare brasilianare Adjective afri"ans" ameri"ans" argentins" asiatis" australiens" ,sterri"is" belgis" brasilians"

Aanada / >anada Aanadian Ahina / Ahinese >ina Den!ar$ / Dane Danmar" Egy-t / Egy-tian 7gypten England / 7ngland English E%ro-e / 7uropa E%ro-ean Finland / $inland Finnish France / French $ran"ri"e Ger!any / Tys"land Ger!an Great Britain / Storbritannien British Greece / Gree$ Gre"land Netherlands / &olland D%tch H%ngary / 6ngern H%ngarian *reland / *rish Irland *taly / *talian Italien 1a-an / 1a-anese /apan Norway / Norge Norwegian Poland / Polish Polen Port%gal / Portugal Port%g%ese 0%ssia / 0%ssian Fyssland .cotland / S"ottland .cottish .-ain / .-anish Spanien .weden / S erige .wedish .wit;erland / Schwei9 .wiss T%r$ey / T%r$ish Tur"iet Jnited .tates 6%S%+%

"anadensare "ines dans" egyptier engelsman europE finl)ndare ( finne fransman tys" britt gre" holl)ndare ungrare irl)ndare italienare 'apan norrman polac" portugis ryss s"otte span'or s ens" schwei9are tur" ameri"an

"anadensis" "inesis" dans" egyptis" engels" europeis" fins" frans" tys" brittis" gre"is" holl)nds" ungers" irl)nds" italiens" 'apans" nors" pols" portugisis" rys" s"ots" spans" s ens" schwei9is" tur"is"

For lang%ages/ yo% generally add >a to the ad7ectiveB svens$a is .wedish and engels$a is English/ etc.

5E. Negative .entences To !a$e a sentence negative in .wedish/ si!-ly add inte a"ter the verb. *" there is an a%4iliary verb and a !ain verb/ inte goes between the two. *n addition/ i" yo% answer OyesO to a negative :%estion/ yo% !%st %se 'o instead o" 'a.

5G. .hort =nswers = yes/no :%estion can be answered with a short -hrase/ 7%st as in English. The verb g,ra to do/!a$e# is %sed with the -rono%n det and the s%b7ect o" the :%estion. .o!e verbs are not re-laced by g,ra and are re-eated in the short answer/ s%ch as ara and ha. This is very si!ilar to English/ e4ce-t "or the word order. Positive .hort =nswerB /a R det R Verb R Sub'ect Negative .hort =nswerB Ne' G det G Verb G Sub'ect G inte +rbetar hon h)r0 Does she wor$ here( /a, det g,r hon. 'es/ she does. Ne', det g,r hon inte% No/ she doesn&t. Hr de glada0 =re they ha--y( /a, det )r de% 'es/ they are. Ne', det )r de inte. No/ they are not.

5I. To Ao!e @ To Go "omma < to come present $o!!er past $o! future s$a $o!!a 5K. Ao!!on =%4iliary Merbs "unna < to be able to, can $an $%nde il'a < to want to vill ville f* < to be allowed to "6r "ic$ <<< ha e to, must !6ste >>> g* < to go g6r gic$ s$a g6

present past

1%st as in English/ there is no -ast "or! o" !%st / !6ste. 'o% can either %se ar t ungen or beh, de instead/ as in 'ag ar t ungen att ... C * had to... s"ola < b,ra< should, bru"a < usually, beh, a < need

supposed to, will, should present s$a past s$%lle

ought to b9r borde

used to br%$ar br%$ade

to beh9ver beh9vde

Vi "an tala engels"a. )e can s-ea$ English. &an "unde inte spela% He co%ld not -lay. S en ill so a% .ven wants to slee-. &on ill ha "affe% .he wants co""ee. )hen il'a is "ollowed by a no%n/ ha is added be"ore the no%n.# Du f*r r,"a% 'o% !ay s!o$e. De m*ste g* hem nu. They !%st go ho!e now. Du f*r inte r,"a. 'o% !%st not s!o$e. ust not is translated with f*r inte rather than m!ste inte/ which !eans don&t have to.# /ag bru"ar dric"a "affe efter lunch% * %s%ally drin$ co""ee a"ter l%nch. Bru"ar in the -resent tense !eans usually R !ain verb.#

<N. Aon7%gating 0eg%lar Merbs Present and Past Tenses# *n"initives in .wedish end in >a. )hen con7%gating verbs/ the sa!e "or! is %sed "or all s%b7ect -rono%ns/ whether sing%lar or -l%ral. To "or! the -resent tense o" verbs/ either add <r to the in"initive or remo e the <a and add <er. tala < to spea" -<ar erb. : st)nga < to close -<er erb. "resent Tense 'ag * s-ea$ talar du yo% talar s-ea$ han he talar s-ea$s hon she talar s-ea$s i we talar s-ea$ ni yo% talar s-ea$ de they talar s-ea$ "ast Tense 'ag * s-o$e talade du yo% talade s-o$e han he talade s-o$e hon she talade s-o$e i we talade s-o$e ni yo% talade s-o$e de they talade s-o$e "resent Tense 'ag * close st)nger du yo% st)nger close han he st)nger closes hon she st)nger closes i we st)nger close ni yo% st)nger close de they st)nger close "ast Tense 'ag st)ngde du st)ngde han st)ngde hon st)ngde i st)ngde ni st)ngde de st)ngde * closed yo% closed he closed she closed we closed yo% closed they closed

Please note the three -resent tenses in English si!-le/ -rogressive and e!-hatic# are all translated by one verb "or! in .wedish. /ag talar can !ean # spea$, # am spea$in% or # do spea$. $our Past Tense Ion'ugations To "or! the -ast tense/ !ost verbs add >de to the -resent tense "or! o" >ar verbs and to the ste! o" >er verbs in"initive !in%s >a#. B%t i" the ste! ends in a voiceless consonant $/ -/ t/ or s#/ then add >te instead. =nother gro%- o" verbs/ short verbs ending in a vowel/ add >dde to "or! the -ast tense. .ee <?. *rreg%lar Merbs below "or a longer list as !any o" these verbs have irreg%lar "or!s in other tenses.# #nfinitive arbeta *n"initive o" >ar fr*ga verbsH add <de ,ppna tala ringa st)nga .te! o" >er verbsH add <de f,l'a bygga t)n"a .te! ends in $/ r,"a -/ t/ or sJ add <te l)sa ",pa *n"initive ends in tro long vowelH add bo <dde <1. 0e"le4ive Merbs .o!e verbs in .wedish are re"le4ive verbs/ in that the action by the s%b7ect is -er"or!ed by itsel". This is co!-arable to the >sel" or >selves -rono%ns %sed in English with so!e verbs/ s%ch as he behaves himself. Most o" the ti!e/ verbs that are re"le4ive in .wedish are not re"le4ive in English. To con7%gate these verbs/ si!-ly add these -rono%ns a"ter the verbB mig !ysel" -me'. dig -de'. yo%rsel" oss o%rselves yo%rselves theirselves "resent arbetar fr*gar ,ppnar talar ringer st)nger f,l'er bygger t)n"er r,"er l)ser ",per tror bor "ast arbetade fr*gade ,ppnade talade ringde st)ngde f,l'de byggde t)n"te r,"te l)ste ",pte trodde bodde

to wor$ to as$ to o-en to s-ea$ to ring to close to "ollow to b%ild to thin$ to s!o$e to read to b%y to believe to live/ dwell

er sig sig -se'. hi!sel"/hersel"/itsel" -se'.

The "or!s in -arentheses are %sed in collo:%ial s-o$en and written# .wedish. *n "act/ mig, dig and sig are -rono%nced as i" they were written me', de' and se'.

<5. Ao!!ands Merbs that end in >ar in the -resent tense si!-ly re!ove the >r to "or! the co!!and i!-erative#. Merbs that end in >er in the -resent tense re!ove the >er to "or! the co!!and. 'o% cannot "or! the i!-erative i" yo% only $now the in"initive and not i" the verb ta$es >ar or >er in the -resent tense. B%t i" yo% do $now that an in"initive is an >ar verb/ yo% leave the >a in the i!-erative/ and i" the in"initive is an >er verb/ yo% re!ove the >a. "resent Tense ,ppnar )ntar s"ri er l)ser <<. Present @Past Per"ect The -resent and -ast -er"ect tenses consist o" two -artsB har ( hade and the supine form o" the !ain verb. This is a co!-o%nd tense that corres-onds to has(ha e ( had and a past participle in English. The !ain di""erence between .wedish and English in this tense/ however/ is that .wedish %ses the s%-ine "or! o" the verb instead o" the -ast -artici-le. To "or! the s%-ine/ >ar verbs add >t to the in"initiveH while >er verbs re-lace >a with >t in the in"initive. *n"initives ending in long vowels add >tt to "or! the s%-ine. #nfinitive arbeta fr*ga ,ppna tala ringa st)nga f,l'a bygga t)n"a r,"a l)sa ",pa tro "resent arbetar fr*gar ,ppnar talar ringer st)nger f,l'er bygger t)n"er r,"er l)ser ",per tror "ast &upine arbetade arbetat fr*gade fr*gat ,ppnade ,ppnat talade talat ringde ringt st)ngde st)ngt f,l'de f,l't byggde byggt t)n"te t)n"t r,"te r,"t l)ste l)st ",pte ",pt trodde trott #mperative ,ppna2 )nta2 s"ri 2 l)s2 Translation o-en+ wait+ write+ read+

to wor$ to as$ to o-en to s-ea$ to ring to close to "ollow to b%ild to thin$ to s!o$e to read to b%y to believe

bo

to live/ dwell bor

bodde

bott

/ag har l)st bo"en% * have read the boo$. &on hade ,ppnat d,rren% .he had o-ened the door.

<?. *rreg%lar Merbs .everal verbs in .wedish are considered irreg%lar beca%se they do not "ollow the r%les "or the di""erent con7%gations. These "or!s need to be !e!ori;ed since these verbs are very co!!on. #nfinitive ara ha "omma g,ra ta s)ga eta l*ta h*lla heta *"a resa b)ra dra ligga l)gga s)tta sl* falla )ta so a st')la gr*ta s)l'a )l'a )n'a s )l'a s"il'a #mperative "resent ar )r ha har "om "ommer g,r g,r ta, tag tar s)g s)ger et et l*t l*ter h*ll h*ller het heter *" *"er res reser b)r b)r dra, drag drar ligg ligger l)gg l)gger s)tt s)tter sl* sl*r fall faller )t )ter so so er st')l st')ler gr*t gr*ter s)l' s)l'er )l' )l'er )n' )n'er s )l' s )l'er s"il' s"il'er "ast &upine ar arit hade haft "om "ommit g'orde g'ort tog tagit sa, sade sagt isste etat l)t l*tit h,ll h*llit hette hetat *"te *"t reste rest bar burit drog dragit l*g legat la, lade lagt satte satt slog slagit f,ll fallit *t )tit so so it stal stulit gr)t gr*tit s*lde s*lt alde alt ande ant s alde s alt s"ilde s"ilt Translation be have come do, ma$e ta$e say $now let hold be called %o travel carry pull, dra% lie 'down( put put hit fall eat sleep steal cry sell choose accustom swallow separate

.o!e >er verbs and never >ar verbs# have irreg%lar si!-le -ast and s%-ine "or!s. .o!eti!es these involve a vowel change and lac$ o" ending. #nfinitive binda brinna dric"a finna Translations to bind / bound / bound to burn / burned / burned to drin$ / dran$ / drun$ to find / found / found to disappear / disappeared / f,rs inna f,rs ann f,rs unnit disappeared to mana%e / mana%ed / hinna hann hunnit mana%ed to run, flow / ran, flowed / rinna rann runnit run, flowed sitta satt suttit to sit / sat / sat to %et out of / %ot out of / slippa slapp sluppit %otten out of spric"a sprac" spruc"it to split / split / split springa sprang sprungit to run / ran / run stic"a stac" stuc"it to stic$ / stuc$ / stuc$ inna ann unnit to win / won / won bita bet bitit to bite / bit / bitten gripa grep gripit to %rip / %ripped / %ripped lida led lidit to suffer / suffered / suffered rida red ridit to ride / rode / ridden s"ina s"en s"init to shine / shone / shone s"ri a s"re s"ri it to write / wrote / written to wear out / wore out / worn slita slet slitit out stiga steg stigit to rise / rose / risen to be silent / was silent / tiga teg tigit been silent rid red ridit to turn / turned / turned b'uda b',d b'udit to invite / invited / invited to lie / lied / lied 'to tell a l'uga l',g l'ugit lie( s'unga s',ng s'ungit to sin% / san% / sun% s"'uta s",t s"'utit to shoot / shot / shot bryta br,t brutit to brea$ / bro$e / bro$en flyga fl,g flugit to fly / flew / flown flyta fl,t flutit to float / floated / floated frysa fr,s frusit to free)e / fro)e / fro)en "ast band brann drac" fann &upine bundit brunnit druc"it funnit

"nyta "rypa

"n,t "r,p

"nutit "rupit

to tie up / tied up / tied up to crawl / crawled / crawled

= "ew in"initives in .wedish do not end in >a. These are short verbs and they end in a long/ stressed vowel. The in"initive is the sa!e as the i!-erative/ and the -resent tense is "or!ed by adding >r. The -ast tense i" "or!ed by adding >dde to the in"initive/ and the s%-ine is "or!ed by adding >tt to the in"initive. However/ a "ew o" the short verbs have an irreg%lar "or! in the -ast. #nfinitive / "resent "ast #mperative Tense Tense .hort verbs with a reg%lar -astB tro tror trodde s"e s"er s"edde n* n*r n*dde bo bor bodde m* m*r m*dde "l) "l)r "l)dde .hort verbs with an irreg%lar -astB f* f*r fic" g* g*r gic" ge ger ga se ser s*g d, d,r dog st* st*r stod be ber bad <D. Food @ Meals bacon bee" beer beverage bisc%it bread brea$"ast b%tter ca$e cheese chic$en co""ee crea! bacon ( fl)s" -n. n,t",tt -n. ,l -n. dryc" "a"a br,d -n. fru"ost sm,r -n. "a"a ( t*rta ost "yc"ling "affe gr)dde salt sandwich sa%ce sa%sage so%stew s%gar s%--er tea veal vegetables vinegar wine salt -n. sm,rg*s s*s "or soppa gryta soc"er -n. middag te -n. "al ",tt -n. gr,nsa"er )tti"a ( in)ger in -n. &upine Translation trott s"ett n*tt bott m*tt "l)tt f*tt g*tt gett sett d,tt st*tt bett believe, thin$ happen reach live 'dwell( feel 'of health( dress %et, receive %o, wal$ %ive see die stand as$, pray

dessert dinner egg "ried egg so"t>boiled egg "at "lo%r ha! honey 7a! l%nch !eal !eat !il$ !%stard !%tton oil o!elet -e--er -or$ roll salad

dessert middag )gg -n. ste"ta )gg "o"ta )gg fett -n. m',l -n. s"in"a honung sylt lunch m*ltid ",tt -n. m',l" senap f*r",tt -n. ol'a omelett peppar fl)s" -n. bulle sallad

basin bottle can o-ener co""ee -ot colander cor$screw c%dish "or$ "rying -an glass 7%g $ettle $ni"e lid na-$in -late sa%cer sa%ce-an s-oon tablecloth tea-ot

s"*l flas"a "onser ,ppnare "affe"anna dur"slag "or"s"ru "opp fat -n. gaffel ste"panna glas -n. "ru"a "ittel "ni loc" -n. ser ett tallri" tefat -n. "astrull s"ed du" te"anna

*" yo% are re"erring to a brand o" beer/ 9l is a ne%tral no%n instead o" co!!on.

<E. Fr%its @ Megetables al!ond a--le a--le tree a-ricot ash bar$ beech berry birch blac$berry branch mandel )pple -n. )ppeltr)d -n. apri"os as" bar" bo" b)r -n. b',r" b',rnb)r -n. gren strawberry tree tree tr%n$ vine waln%t willow articho$e as-arag%s barley bean broad# bean $idney# 'ordgubbe tr)d -n. stam instoc" aln,t pil "ron)rts"oc"a sparris "orn -n. b,na "idneyb,na

cherry cherry tree chestn%t chestn%t tree c%rrant cy-ress date el! "ig "ir "r%it gra-es ha;eln%t $ernel la%rel lea" le!on li!e tree !elon oa$ olive olive tree orange orange tree -each -ear -ear tree -ine -inea--le -l%! -o-lar ras-berry root <G. Aon7%nctions

",rsb)r -n. ",rsb)rstr)d -n. "astan' "astan'etr)d -n. inb)r -n. cypress dadel alm fi"on -n. gran fru"t indru or hasseln,t ")rna lagertr)d -n. blad -n. citron lind melon e" oli oli tr)d -n. apelsin apelsintr)d -n. persi"a p)ron -pl. p)rontr)d tall ananas plommon -n. poppel hallon -n. rot

br%ssel s-ro%ts cabbage carrot ca%li"lower celery corn c%c%!ber egg-lant garlic herb horse>radish lentil lett%ce !ai;e !int !%shroo! oats onion -arsley -ea -otato -%!-$in radish rice rye sage seed s-inach stal$ to!ato t%rniwheat

bryssel"*l "*l morot blom"*l selleri ma's gur"a aubergine itl," ,rt pepparrot lins sallad ma's mynta s amp ha re l," persil'a )rta potatis pumpa r)disa ris -n. r*g sal ia fr, -n. spenat st')l" tomat ro a ete -n.

Ioordinating Ion'unctions och and

eller men f,r s* som antingen%%%eller ar"en%%%eller

or b%t beca%se/ "or so as either...or neither...nor

Subordinating Ion'unctions att that d* when eftersom beca%se/ as in order to/ so f,r att that d)rf,r att beca%se innan ( be"ore f,rr)n medan while n)r when i"/ whether om interrogation# even i"/ fast altho%gh sedan since/ as nu d* now that

<I. )ord Frder *n general/ the word order o" .wedish is the sa!e as EnglishB .%b7ect R Merb R Fb7ect. However/ the word order is slightly di""erent "ro! English when so!ething other than the s%b7ect o" the verb begins the sentence. *n declarative sentences/ the !ain verb is always in the second position b%t not necessarily the second word+#. For e4a!-le/ i" a sentence begins with an adverb or an ob7ect/ the verb will be the second ele!ent in the sentence/ and the s%b7ect will co!e after the verb. Then any other "or!s o" verbs s%ch as -artici-les or in"initives# will co!e a"ter the s%b7ect. Adverb or *bject I morgon ain +erb *"er &ubject 'ag '"articiple / #nfinitive( till S erige% Translation *&! going to .weden to!orrow.

I aff)ren

",per

'ag

ett br,d%

* b%y bread in the store.

*n sentences that begin with a s%bordinate cla%se/ the second inde-endent# cla%se will have inversion o" the verb and s%b7ect. The s%bordinate cla%se is the "irst ele!ent in the sentence/ so the verb !%st be second/ and the s%b7ect is third. &ubordinate ain Clause +erb N)r 'ag ar bodde ung, Nu d* hon har "an "ommit &ubject 'ag i ,est of &entence i S erige% b,r'a% Translation )hen * was yo%ng/ * lived in .weden. Now that she&s arrived we can begin.

F%rther!ore/ adverbs that !odi"y the entire sentence co!e before the verb in s%bordinate cla%ses/ whereas they nor!ally occ%r a"ter the verb in reg%lar sentences. Besides inte not#/ these adverbs incl%deB aldrig never#/ alltid always#/ allts* so/ then#/ m,'ligt is !aybe#/ g)rna gladly/ with -leas%re#/ bara only# and s)"ert s%rely#. &an s)ger att han inte "an *"a bil till Stoc"holm% He said that he cannot co!e to .toc$hol! by car.

<K. =s$ing L%estions Kes(No !uestions: *nvert the s%b7ect and verb so that the verb begins the :%estion. +rbetar han0 Does he wor$( Fegnar det0 *s it raining( Luestion Mords: The :%estion word begins the :%estion/ and the verb co!es ne4t/ "ollowed by the s%b7ect. Var bor Sten0 )here does .ten live( Vad g,r 7lsa0 )hat does Elsa do(

?N. Holiday Phrases God /ul2 Gott Nytt Nr2 Glad P*s"2 Grattis p* f,delsedagen2 Merry Ahrist!as+ Ha--y New 'ear+ Ha--y Easter+ Ha--y Birthday+

The .wedish National =nthe! D% ga!la/ d% "ria/ d% "78llh9ga Nord/ D% tysta/ d% gl8d7eri$a s$9na+ 1ag h8lsar dig/ v8naste land %--6 7ord/ Din sol/ din hi!!el/ dina 8ngder gr9na. Din sol/ din hi!!el/ dina 8ngder gr9na. D% tronar -6 !innen "r6n "ornstora da&r/ d6 8rat ditt na!n "l9g 9ver 7orden. 1ag vet att d% 8r och d% blir/ vad d% var. 1a/ 7ag vill leva/ 7ag vill d9 i Norden. 1a/ 7ag vill leva/ 7ag vill d9 i Norden. -ou ancient, free and mountainous North, *f .uiet, joyful beauty, # %reet you, loveliest land on earth, -our sun, your s$y, your %reen meadows. -our sun, your s$y, your %reen meadows. -ou are throned on memories of olden days When the honour of your name spread over the earth. # $now that you are and will remain what you were. *h, may # live, may die in the Nordic North/ *h, may # live, may die in the Nordic North/

?1. Places air-ort ba$ery ban$ bar barn barrac$s bench boo$store bridge b%ilding castle cathedral ce!etery flygplats bageri -n. ban" bar lada "asern b)n" bo"handel bro byggnad slott -n. "atedral "yr"og*rd e!bassy "actory "ar! "o%ntain garage hos-ital hotel ho%se h%t inn library !ar$et !on%!ent ambassad fabri" bondg*rd font)n(brunn garage -n. s'u"hus -n. hotell -n. hus -n. hydda )rdshus -n. bibliote" -n. mar"nad monument -ort -rison resta%rant road/street school sidewal$ s:%are stable stadi%! store s%b%rb theater tower hamn f)ngelse -n. restaurang gata s"ola trottoar torg -n. stall -n. stadion aff)r f,rstad teater torn -n.

ch%rch cine!a cons%late corner co%rtyard

"yr"a biograf "onsulat -n. h,rn -n. g*rd

!%se%! -alace -ath -har!acy -olice station

museum palats -n. stig apote" -n. polisstation

town town hall train station %niversity village

stad r*dhus -n. ')rn )gsstation uni ersitet -n. by

?5. Trans-ortation air-lane bicycle boat b%s car !o-ed !otorcycle shistreetcar train tr%c$ ?<. =d7ectives =d7ectives !%st agree in gender and n%!ber with the no%ns they describe. *n .wedish/ ad7ectives are -laced directly be"ore the no%n/ as in English. There are two ty-es o" ad7ectivesB strong and wea$. .trong ad7ectives are %sed a"ter the inde"inite article and the words n*gon a/ so!e/ any#/ ingen no#/ en annan another#/ il"en what a#/ and all all#H as well as a"ter the verbs to be and to beco!e ara and bli#. )ea$ ad7ectives are %sed with the de"inite article/ de!onstratives/ -ossessive ad7ectives or a -ossessive no%n. Strong -Indefinite.: The basic r%le "or strong ad7ectives is to add >t "or ne%ter no%ns and >a "or -l%ral no%ns. There is no ending "or ad7ectives that !odi"y co!!on no%ns. common neuter en "in bil ett "int h%s a beautiful a beautiful car house gott ont bl6tt plural "ina bilar beautiful cars goda onda bl6a flygplan cy"el b*t buss bil moped motorcy"el s"epp -n. sp*r agn t*g -n. lastbil

basic r%le

ending in god vowel R d ending in ond consonant R d ending long bl6 vowel

ending in >er or >el ending in >en ga!!al is irreg%lar liten is irreg%lar

vac$er egen ga!!al liten

vac$ert eget ga!!alt litet

vac$ra egna gamla sm*

Mea" -Definite.: The basic r%le "or wea$ ad7ectives is to add >a "or all no%ns. Note that the no%n has the de"inite article attached to the end and the words den, det or de -receding the ad7ective. The ad7ective liten is co!-letely irreg%lar in the sing%lar and -l%ral. )ith ad7ectives "ollow -ossessives or de!onstratives/ the de"inite article is not attached to the end o" the no%n. common den "ina bilen the beautiful car den lilla bilen the small car plural de "ina det "ina bilarna h%set the the beautiful beautiful house cars det lilla de sm* h%set bilarna the small the small house cars neuter

basic r%le

liten is irreg%lar

.o!e co!!on ad7ectives cannot be declined and they re!ain the sa!e in all "or!sB bra good#/ e8tra e4tra#/ gratis "ree#.

??. Ao!-arative @ .%-erlative For!ing the co!-arative and s%-erlative o" ad7ectives in .wedish is very si!ilar to English. Most ad7ectives add >are to the ad7ective "or the co!-arative and >ast e# "or the s%-erlative. .o!e ad7ectives add nothing to the ad7ective/ b%t %se mer or mest !ore or !ost# be"ore the ad7ective. comparative superlative strong ad7ectives wea$ ad7ectives !any syllables <are <are mer <ast <aste mest

Irregular Iomparati e and Superlati e $orms %ood - better best %ood - better best 'food( bad - worse worst bad - less %ood least %ood few - fewer small - smaller smallest many - more most much - more most old - older oldest god ( bra b)ttre god d*lig d*lig f* liten m*nga myc"et godare )rre s)mre f)rre mindre fler mer minst flest mest )ldst b)st godast )rst s)mst

gammal )ldre

NoteB Godare and godast %s%ally only re"er to "ood. Fler / "lest are %sed with co%nt no%ns/ while !er / !est are %sed with non>co%nt no%ns. Iomparing two or more ad'ecti es: To e4-ress egality as... as#/ %se s*%%%som. To e4-ress s%-eriority >er or !ore... than#/ %se <are or mer and )n than.# To e4-ress the s%-erlative >est or the !ost#/ %se <ast or mest.

?D. Ho%se @ F%rnit%re alar! cloc$ ar!chair attic balcony base!ent bas$et bathroo! batht%b bed bedroo! blan$et blinds )c"ar"loc"a l)nstol inds *ning bal"ong ")llare "org badrum bad s)ng so rum -n. filt rullgardin des$ door doorbell drawer "ence "ire-lace "loor "loor / storey "%rnit%re garden gro%nd "loor ho%se bord -n. d,rr ring"loc"a l*da sta"et -n. eldstad gol -n. *ning m,bler -pl%. tr)dg*rd nedersta *ning hus -n. re"rigerator roo" roo! r%g sheet shel" shower sin$ so"a stairs stove table "yls"*p -n. ta" -n. rum -n. matta la"an -n. hylla dusch dis"b)n" soffa trappa spis bord -n.

boo$case bo4 broo! car-et ceiling chair chi!ney cloc$ closet co!-%ter corner c%-board c%rtain c%shion

bo"hylla "ista " ast matta ta" -n. stol s"orsten "loc"a garderob dator h,rn -n. s"*p -n. gardin "udde

iron "lat# $ey $itchen la!lawn light b%lb loc$ !attress !irror oven -antry -ict%re -illow -i-e water#

stry"')rn -n. nyc"el "," -n. lampa gr)smatta gl,dlampa l*s -n. madrass spegel ugn s"afferi -n. ta la hu ud"udde r,r -n.

ta- "a%cet# tele-hone television toaster toilet )A# towel vac%%! cleaner vase wall wall roo!# window yard

"ran telefon tele ision br,drost toalett handdu" dammsugare as mur )gg f,nster -n. g*rd

?E. Alothing a-ron bathrobe belt blo%se boot bra bracelet br%sh b%c$le b%tton caclothes coat collar co!b contact lens cotton dress earrings "ashion f,r"l)de -n. bad"appa s")rp -n. blus ")nga beh* armband -n. h*rborste sp)nne -n. "napp m,ssa "l)der 'ac"a "rage "am "onta"tlins bomull "l)nning ,rh)ngen mode glasses glove handbag hand$erchie" hat 7ac$et nec$lace needle nightgown overcoat -ants -in -oc$et -%rse raincoat ring scar" shirt shoe shoelace glas,gon hands"e hand )s"a n)sdu" hatt 'ac"a halsband -n. n*l nattlinne -n. , erroc" by8or "nappn*l fic"a b,rs regnroc" ring scarf ( halsdu" s"'orta s"o s"oband -n. shorts sil$ s$irt sleeve sli--ers soasoc$ stoc$ing s%it s%nglasses s%s-enders sweater swi!s%it thread tie T>shirt %!brella waistcoat watch wool shorts sil"e -n. "'ol )rm toffel t *l strumpa nylonstrumpa "ostym solglas,gon h)ngslen tr,'a bad"l)der tr*d slips T<shirt paraply )st "loc"a ull

?G. F%t%re Tense

Fne way to "or! the "%t%re tense in .wedish is by %sing the a%4iliary verb s"a be"ore an in"initive. This i!-lies intention and the involve!ent o" so!eone&s will or wish. =s an alternative/ yo% can %se t)n"er be"ore an in"initive/ as long as it is the s%b7ect&s wish and not so!eone else&s. Du s"a tala s ens"a% 'o% are going to s-ea$ .wedish. /ag s"a resa till +meri"a i h,st% *&! going to =!erica in the "all. Vi t)n"er flyga hem% )e&re going to "ly ho!e. =nother way is to %se "ommer att be"ore an in"initive. This does not i!-ly intention or will/ as it&s !ore o" a -rediction or ass%!-tion abo%t the "%t%re. Du "ommer att tyc"a om min )n% 'o%&ll li$e !y "riend. +lla "ommer att ara h)r "loc"an O% Everybody will be here at I o&cloc$.

?I. .-orts bad!inton baseball bas$etball bowling bo4ing cycling gol" hoc$ey ice>s$ating 7ogging ?K. Nat%re air ban$ bay beach branch b%d b%sh ca-e cave luft strand i" strand gren "nopp bus"e "ap grotta grass g%l" hail hay high tide hill ice island isth!%s gr)s -n. i" hagel -n. h, -n. flod "ulle is , landtungaJ n)s root rose salt water sand sea shadow s$y snow soil rot ros salt atten -n. sand ha -n. s"ugga himmel sn, mar" badminton baseball bas"et bowling bo8ning cy"elsport golf hoc"ey "onst*"ning 'oggning r%gby sailing s$iing soccer s%r"ing swi!!ing table tennis tennis volleyball wrestling rugby segling s"idsport fotboll surfing simning bordtennis tennis olleyboll brottning

cli!ate clo%d coast co!et constellation co%ntry side# c%rrent da""odil daisy dar$ness desert dew d%st earth east "ar! "ield "lower "oa! "og "orest "resh water "rost

"limat moln -n. "ust "omet "onstellation land -n. str,m narcisser tusens",na m,r"er -n. ,"en dagg dam -n. 'ord ,ster lantbru" ( farm f)lt blomma s"um -n. dimma s"og s,t atten -n. frost

7%ngle la$e lea" light lightning lily low tide !eadow !oon !o%ntain !o%ntain range !%d nat%re north -enins%la -lain -lanet -lant -ond rain rainbow river roc$

d'ungel s', blad l'us -n. bli8t lil'a ebb )ng m*ne berg -n. bergs"ed'a mudder -n. natur norr hal , sl)t planet )8t dam -n. regn -n. regnb*ge flod "lippa

so%th s-ring water# star ste! stor! strait strea! s%n s%n"lower thaw th%nder tornado tree t%livalley view water water"all wave weather west wind world

s,der ")lla st')rna stam storm sund b)c" sol solros t, )der -n. *s"a tromb tr)d tulpan dal utsi"t atten -n. attenfall -n. b,l'a )der -n. )ster ind )rld

DN. Parts o" the Body an$le ar! artery bac$ beard belly bladder blood body fotled arm puls*der rygg s")gg -n. bu" bl*sa blod -n. "ropp "inger "ist "lesh "oot "orehead g%! hair hand head finger -n. "nytn) e ",tt -n. fot panna tand",tt -n. h*r -n. hand hu ud -n. nail nec$ nerve nose -%lse rib shin sho%lder s$eleton nagel hals ner sm)rta h')rtslag re ben -n. s"enben s"uldra s"elett

bone brain breast breath cal" chee$ chest chin co!-le4ion ear elbow eye eyebrow eyelid "ace

ben -n. h')rna br,st ande ad "ind br,st -n. ha"a hy ,ra -n. armb*ge ,ga -n. ,gonbryn -n. ,gonloc" -n. ansi"te -n.

health heart heel hiintestine 7aw $idney $nee leg liliver l%ng !o%stache !o%th !%scle

h)lsa h')rta -n. h)l h,ft inel or -pl%. ")ft n'ure "n) -n. ben -n. l)pp le er lunga mustasch mun mus"el

s$in s$%ll sole s-ine sto!ach te!-le thigh throat th%!b toe tong%e tooth vein waist wrist

s"inn -n. s"alle fotsula ryggrad mage tinning l*r -n. strupe tumme t* tunga tand *der mid'a handled

D1. 0elative Prono%ns The relative -rono%n som can be translated at that, which, whom/ or who and it can act as a s%b7ect or as a co!-le!ent. D)r where/ in which# and n)r when# can also be %sed as relative -rono%ns "or location and ti!e. Stan, som ligger d)r borta, )r S", de% The city that is over there is .$ovde. $lic"an, som fyller ?P *r, )r min syster% The girl who is going to be 1G is !y sister. Festaurangen, som du tyc"er om, ligger i Gamla Stan% The resta%rant which yo% li$e is in Ga!la .tan.

D5. =ni!als @ *nsects ani!al ant badger bat bea$ bear bee beetle bird blac$bird d'ur -n. myra gr) ling fl)dermus n)bb b',rn bi -n. s"albagge f*gel "oltrast gira""e goat goose gorilla grassho--er ha!ster hare hedgehog hen heron giraff get g*s gorilla gr)shoppa hamster hare igel"ott h,na h)ger -ig -igeon -i$e rabbit raccoon rat rooster sal!on scale scor-ion s in -n. du a g)dda "anin t )ttb',rn r*tta tupp la8 f')ll -n. s"orpion

b%ll b%tter"ly cal" carcat cater-illar chic$en chi!-an;ee claw coc$roach cod cow crab cray"ish crocodile crow deer dog don$ey dragon"ly d%c$ eagle eel ele-hant "eather "in "ish "lea "ly "o4 "rog "%r gill D<. =dverbs

t'ur f')ril "al "arp "att lar "yc"ling schimpans "lo "ac"erlac"a tors" "o "rabba "r)fta "ro"odil "r*"a h'ort hund *sna trollsl)nda an"a ,rn *l elefant f')der fena fis" loppa fluga r) groda p)ls g)l

herring hoo" horn horse h%!!ingbird ig%ana insect 7elly"ish $itten ladyb%g la!b lar$ lion li;ard lobster s-iny# lo%se !ac$erel !ole !on$ey !os:%ito !oth !o%se !%le nightingale octo-%s ostrich owl o4 oyster -arrot -artridge -aw -eng%in

sill ho horn -n. h)st "olibrier Ieguan inse"t manet "attunge nyc"elpiga lamm -n. l)r"a le'on -n. ,dla hummer lus ma"rill mull ad apa mygga nattf')ril mus mula n)"tergal bl)c"fis" struts uggla o8e ostron -n. papego'a rapph,na tass ping in

sea g%ll seahorse seal shar$ sheeshri!sl%g snail sna$e sole s-arrow s-ider s:%irrel star"ish stor$ swallow swan tad-ole tail tiger toad tro%t t%na t%r$ey t%rtle wasweasel whale wing wol" wor! ;ebra

m*s s',h)st s)l ha' f*r r)"a snigel snigel orm s',tunga spar spindel e"orre s',st')rna stor" s ala s an grodyngel s ans tiger padda forell tonfis" "al"on s",ldpaddor geting essla alfis" inge arg mas" sebra

never always

aldrig alltid

-ossibly o"ten

m,'ligen ofta

-robably at least only/ !erely gladly/ willingly not !aybe/ -erha-s hardly

antagligen *tminstone bara g)rna inte "ans"a "nappast

already s%rely seldo! soon -robably %s%ally really/ indeed

redan s)"ert s)llan snart troligt is anligt is er"ligen

=dverbs are generally -laced a"ter the "irst verb in inde-endent cla%ses with straight word order. Da id r,"er ofta pipa% David o"ten s!o$es a -i-e. Stoc"holm ligger inte i +meri"a. .toc$hol! is not in a =!erica. Talar Bo alltid l*ngsamt0 Does Bo always s-ea$ slowly( *n s%bordinate cla%ses/ the adverb is -laced be"ore the con7%gated verb. &on tror, att hon alltid har r)tt% .he thin$s that she is always right. Qars sade, att han inte tyc"er om att ",ra bil% Sars said that he doesn&t li$e to drive. Many adverbs in .wedish have two distinct "or!sB one to denote location and one to denote !ove!ent to or "ro! a -lace. Socation adverbs answer the :%estion ar0 where( while !ove!ent adverbs answer the :%estion art0 where to( Socation in inne o%t ute there framme %uppe down nere here h)r there d)r away borta at# ho!e hemma Move!ent in ut fram upp ner hit dit bort hem

Socation adverbs are %sed with verbs o" rest vara/ st6/ ligga/ sitta/ stanna/ "innas/ bo/ trivas# and !ove!ent adverbs are %sed with verbs o" !otion g6/ $o!!a/ "ara/ resa/ 6$a/ "lytta/ s-ring/ $9ra/ "lyga#. 1alin )r h)r% Malin is here. 1alin "ommer hit% Malin is co!ing here.

1amma stannar hemma% Mother is staying ho!e. 1amma g*r hem% Mother is going ho!e.

D?. Present @ Past Partici-les The -resent -artici-le in .wedish acts as an ad7ective. Present -artici-les cannot be %sed to "or! the -rogressive tenses as in English/ i.e. 0e is readin% is translated as &an l)ser. Nor can -resent -artici-les be %sed as ger%nds >ing "or! %sed as no%ns in English#. *n this case/ the in"initive is %sedB 1o you li$e readin%2 Tyc"er du om att l)sa0 The .wedish -resent -artici-le is "or!ed by adding <ande to !ost verbs/ and <ende to verbs whose in"initives do not end in >a. =ltho%gh the -resent -artici-le acts as an ad7ective/ it is not declined li$e other ad7ectives. *t re!ains the sa!e at all ti!es. en str6lande dag tv6 str6lande dagar den str6lande dagen de str6lande dagarna The -ast -artici-le in .wedish also acts as an ad7ective/ either in the -redicate o" the sentence or as a !odi"ying ad7ective be"ore a no%n. Jnli$e the -resent -artici-le/ the -ast -artici-le does decline and agree with the no%n in gender and n%!ber. 0e!e!ber that the s%-ine "or! is %sed in the -er"ect tenses in .wedish/ whereas English %ses the -ast -artici-le. The -ast -artici-le is %sed in the -assive voice in .wedish/ however. Indefinite $orms: The en word "or!s vary according to the con7%gation -attern o" the verb. The ett word "or!s are si!ilar to the reg%lar ad7ective endings/ and add >t or >tt. The -l%ral "or!s add either >a or >e "or >ar verbs#. Predicate ad7ectives are always declined in the de"inite "or!s. Definite $orms: The sing%lar and -l%ral "or!s o" the de"inite -ast -artici-les are the sa!e as the -l%ral inde"inite "or!sB add >a to !ost verbs/ and >e to >ar verbs.

DD. Passive Moice Bli G past participle The -assive voice is "or!ed si!ilar to the English -assive/ b%t with a di""erent verbB con7%gation o" bli R -ast -artici-le which !%st agree with the s%b7ect#. *t is -ossible to %se vara be# instead o" bli beco!e# in these sentences/ b%t this describes a state or condition. Jsing bli describes an action or a transition "ro! one state to another. Notice that a is the -re-osition %sed to !ean by when e4-ressing the agent.

S"'ortan blir t )ttad% The shirt was washed. >l)derna blir t )ttade% The dresses were washed. &uset ble s*lt a /ohan% The ho%se was sold by 1ohn. Verb G s =nother way to "or! the -assive voice is the >s "or!. The ending >s can be added to the in"initive/ -ast tense or s%-ine "or!s. *n the -resent tense/ >s is added to the in"initive o" the >ar and long vowel verbs and to the ste! o" the >er and irreg%lar verbs. =lso/ i" the ste! already ends in >s/ an >e is inserted be"ore the >s. This verb R s "or! co!!only "ollows !odal verbs. Nyheterna l)ses ar'e timme% The news is read every ho%r. Bordet ",ptes a min moster% The table was bo%ght by !y a%nt. F)"ningen hade redan betalats% The bill had already been -aid. Barn s"a ses men inte h,ras% The child will be seen b%t not heard.

DE. F""ice @ .chool .%--lies bac$-ac$ boo$ brie"case cabinet cable calc%lator calendar chair chal$ co!-%ter crayon date des$ dictionary dis$ "lo--y# doc%!ent drawer envelo-e eraser "a4 !achine "ile globe ryggs)c" bo" portf,l' "abinett "abel "al"ylator "alender stol "rita dator f)rg"rita datum -n. bord ordbo" dis"ett do"ument l*da "u ert -n. gummi -n. telefa8 fil 'ordglob la!la-to!a!icro-hone !onitor !o%se !o%se-ad news-a-er noteboo$ novel -age -a-er -a-er cli-en -encil -eriodical -hotoco-ier -rinter r%ler scanner scissors sender lampa b)rbar dator "arta mi"rofon monitor mus musmatta dagstidning antec"ningsbo" roman sida papper gem penna blyertspenna tids"rift "opieringsmas"in s"ri are lin'al bildl)sare sa8 s)ndare

gl%e in$ $eyboard DG. Materials @ Tools alloy brass bric$ ce!ent chal$ clay coal concrete co--er cor$ glass gold iron lead leather li!e !arble !erc%ry !etal r%bber silver steel stone tar tin wood DI. Traveling @ =ir-ort arrival baggage border coach/ car

limma so"tware m'u" ara bl)c" -n. ty-ewriter s"ri mas"in tangentbord wastebas$et soptunna

legering m)ssing mursten cement -n. "rita lera "ol -n. betong "oppar "or" glas -n. guld -n. ')rn -n. bly -n. l)der -n. "al" marmor " ic"sil er -n. metall gummi -n. sil er -n. st*l -n. sten t')ra tenn -n. tr) -n.

a4e board chisel cord "ile g%n ha!!er hoe hoo$ "ishing# line "ishing# nail net n%t -liers -low rod "ishing# saw scissors screw screwdriver s-ring string tool tool bo4 wire wrench

y8a br)de -n. me'sel rep fil ge )r -n. hammare hac"a met"ro" metre spi" n)t -n. mutter t*ng plog mestp, -n. s*g sa8 s"ru s"ru me'sel f')der sn,re -n. er"tyg -n. er"tygsl*da tr*d s"ru nyc"el

an"omst bagage -n. gr)ns agn

-lat"or! -orter railroad car railway

plattform b)rare ')rn )gs agn ')rn )g

co!-art!ent connection c%sto!s delay de-art%re engine entrance e4it g%ard in"or!ation b%rea% lavatory -assenger -ass-ort

"upE f,rbindelse tull f,rdr,'ning a resa lo"omoti -n. ing*ng utg*ng "ondu"t,r upplysnings"ontor -n. toalett passagerare pass -n.

ret%rn tic$et seat slee-ing car station station !aster stos%itcase tic$et tic$et o""ice ti!e table tr%n$ visa waiting roo!

bil'ett retur plats so agn station stationsinspe"tor halt "apps)c" bil'ett bil'ett"ontor -n. tidtabell "offert isa )ntsal

DK. Aonversational Phrases

EN. .wedish Provinces .weden is divided into < landsB Norrland/ .vealand and G9talandH which are divided into 5D s!aller lands$a-. These are not -olitical divisions/ b%t they are %sed in everyday lang%age s%ch as in weather re-orts#. NorrlandB Sa--land/ Norrbotten/ M8sterbotten/ Pnger!anland/ 18!tland/ Medel-ad/ H8r7edalen/ H8lsingland/ G8stri$land. .vealandB Dalarna/ M8r!land/ M8st!anland/ N8r$e/ J--land/ .9der!anland. G9talandB Dalsland/ Boh%sl8n/ M8sterg9tland/ Tsterg9tland/ .!6land/ Tland/ Gotland/ Halland/ .$6ne/ Ble$inge.