1. Sinus Tachycardia- treatment: Beta blocker to lower the heart rate.

Calcium Channel blocker to lower the heart rate as well: Verapmail 2. C reactive protein : normal is less than 3 %. Determines inflammation of the heart for carditis 3. Tumor lysis syndrome happens after chemotherapy for cancer where the bone marrow suppression causes a series of problems such as lower WBC, low platelets . check electrolytes such as Potassium, Phosphorous, Calcemia, Uremia ? 4. Laporotomy: is a surgical invasion that is not invasive. Done by cutting several incisions on the surgical sites. 5. Pancreas Cancer: is the cancer of the pancreas that affects bile movement, and pancreatic enzymes to be released. Bile is affected and fat cannot be absorbed. This is usually treated by removing the distal third of the stomach and the head of the pancreas and connect it to either the duodenum or the jejunum. Biliroth I or II 6. Hypochondriasis: is the paranoia of having a series of illnesses even though none are actually diagnosed due to no legit symptoms showing 7. Versed (Midazolam) is a medication that is giving to patients as for conscious sedation during minor surgeries such as dental work/minor surgeries . Check for respiratory depression such as hypotension afterwards 8. Airborne Isolation: Measles, chicken pox, herpes zoster, TB. Gown, gloves, Respirator N95 9. MRSA- is penicillin-resistant infection that is either nosocomial or acquired by the community. The strand from the hospital is a lot stronger and harder to handle. It can happen from surgeries, after joint replacements and IV tubings. CA-MRSA starts with a PAINFUL boil. It is spread by contact means. People are at a higher risk from being in crowded situations often. Hallmark sign: painful boil-> painful pimple boils that become deep, painful abscesses that require surgical draining . Can spread to other areas of the body such as bones, hearts and lungs. Treatment: Draining abscess and use antibacterial drugs 10. Chronic Renal Failure- end stage that is characterized by UREMIA- the collection of urine in blood. Leads to skin problems: pruritis , yellowing of the skin- itching . Urine: Decreased. Neuro: General weakness, N/V/D and fatigue at FIRST, then they all progress to worse: Agitation, confusion, lethargy and Restless leg syndrome. Respiratory: Kasmul pattern. Lab values: low RBC, high BUN, Creatinine- anemia . cardio: high blood pressure . electrolyte imbalance: hypermag, hyperphos, hyperkalemia, and hypo-calcemia Treatment: 1) diet low in protein 2) electrolyte imbalance correction : strict NA and protein diets and potassium 3) dialysis or kidney transplant 4) risk for heart failure and hypertension 5) provide rest periods and decrease infection 6) diuresis: restrict fluids since kidneys cannot excrete anything Meds: lower potassium: Keyexelate . ACE inhibitors to reduce HTN. Diuretics. Increase calcium by giving phosophte bindings . combat anemia by using EPOGEN. 11. Acute Renal Failure hallmark: oliguria 12. Three faces: Initiation, Maintenance, Recovery. Main symptoms are: Electrolyte imbalance: Hypocalcemia, Hyperkalemia, Hyperphosphorous Cardio: Arrhythmias, Seizures, Coma Neuro: Muscle Weakness, Confusion, Agitation, Tremors, Tetany, N/V/D Urine output: Decreased, BUN Increased, Specific Gravity Decreased

Treatment: 1) Electrolyte Imbalance Correction 2) Dialysis 2a) I&O: Monitor Urine output 3) Medications: Keyexelate: diuretic and excretes potassium 4) diet: moderate protein, high calorie , high in CARBS Treatment: 13. Restless Leg Syndrome is a characteristic of which condition ? 14. Cranial Nerves: ISmell IISee or not IIIFocus IVLooking up and down and in VTrigeminal: Teeth , cheek and forehead VILooking away VIITaste VIIIHearing IXSpeech XDigestion and heart rate / everything below the neck XISpinal chord by shrugging shoulders XIIHypoglossal: tongue muscle 15. Acytocholinerase : ends with igime 16. Digoxin therapeutic levels: 0.5-2.0 . Make in a glass bottle away from light. Do not administer if HR is below 60. Toxicity: n/v/d, anorexia, visual disturbances. 17. Quinidine: for arrhythmias: V tach. 2-6 is therapeutic. S/e: same as digoxin 18. Gaits: 2 point, 3 point, 4 point, swing to gait. 3 point is non weight bearing . 2-4 weight bearing. Swing to gait is also for non weight bearing on BOTH legse 19. Rheumatic Fever treatment: penicillin, promote rest and diversional activities that do not strain the heart bathroom privileges 20. Carditis 21. Cystic Fibrosis : Autosomal Recessive disorder. Affects the exocrine gland which secrets mucus. No meconium for the first 24 hours of birth and salty skin. Chloride test . 22. Chorea of Rheumatic Fever: CNS instability! 23. Erhythema marginatum: Rash on the back of trunk for Rheumatic Fever 24. Gower Sign: determines muscle atrophy in the legs. If positive, the child has to use hands to lift him/herself up. 25. Any disorder that involves the inability to process bile: Clay Colored Stool and Abdominal Distention 26. When a child has a cast: you make sure that you let them play a toy that doesnt increase the risk of them putting the toys into the cast such as puzzle, crayons and Barbie doll. Key is to prevent infection 27. Jones criteria for Rheumatic Fever: It affects the skin, heart, joints AND CNS . Skin: Erythem Marginatum: Macuar rash on the trunk. Heart: Carditis: friction rub, new murmur, arrhythmia Joints: pain and swelling. CNS: Chorea: jerking movements Dx: elevated inflammation markers: ESR and C-reactive protein. ESR is more than 15 and C reactive is more than 3. 28. Kawasaki Disease: 2 years of age are affected. Inflammation (Vasculitis of the heart) inflammation of the vessels of the heart-> lead to aneurysms . Symptoms: have three faces: 1st-

29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34.

35.

36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45.

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47.

48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56.

extreme edema in hands and feet and fever. 2nd- decreased fever, edema swelling down and cracking lips 3rd) ESR goes back to normal. Treatment: aspirin . Water . monitor for bleeding due to aspirin. Cyanotic heart defects: Acyanotic Heart defects How to combat dry mouth from fluid restriction?: Epogen (Epioten) Pyloric stenosis signs on a baby? Chronic renal failure: Management: Treatment is: monitor weight to reduce extracellular fluids , VS, and urine output. Medication compliance . reduce blood pressure. Restrict fluid intake. Low protein, low sodium , low potassium. Do not use drugs bad for kidneys. Fluid restriction thirst combat: combat dry mouth: frequent mouth care or sugar free candies, icechips , spray bottle. Hypospadias and epispadias. Which one is more common? What are they, and what are the symptoms, and precautions? Surgical repair post-operative teaching to parents? When does the repair usually happen? Does it interfere with Urinating? Does it interfere with repdocution? Exstrophy of bladder- when is the correction made? Post operative? Cystectomy Renal Transplant rejection signs Bucks Traction is for what??- for the stability of the femur. Legs are extended. Cruchfield Tongs fraction- spinal chord injury. Bryants Traction for kids younger than 3 years old and less than 35 lbs . The legs are raised up. Russel Traction Dunlap traction Cryptorchidism Testes torsion? Whats the treatment after its correction ? Polycystic Kidney Disease is HERIDTARY but is it autosomal recessive or dominant? Hallmark signs? renal cysts so there is palpable mass in kidneys with flank pain . what is this condition at risk for? Always infection aka uti Nephoritc syndrome: generalized edema and low albumin- doesnt affect urination treatment involves controlling them both. Fluid restriction, na restriction, protein supplement due to low protein . always at risk of infection . loss of gamma globuln which is a protein = helps fight infections Parkinsons main medication- levodopa- increases dopamine levels in the brain . been seen as the most effective. Administer AFTER MEALS. dopamine and MAO HELP ldopa . no tyramine foods. MONITOR FOR sleep disturbances, on and off presonalities: toxicity: increased twitching /personality changes/increased tremors (akathisia) . prevent orthostatic hypotension. Dont eat foods high in protein. Do not discontinue drugs abruptly. Perineal dialysis- at risk for infection usually peritonitis and risk for hyperglycemia due to the dialysate injected into the perineum Hemodialysis most frequent complication is Hypotension In acute renal failure or any renal disease: Creatinine is the most important indicator For UTI do not use nylon underpants: best is cotton underpants. Drink fluids, and take baths, keep skin dry and void often to prevent infection. In chronic renal failure: anemia comes from the lack of erythropioten hormone Radiological evaluations- looks at structures not colonies 24 hour urine specimen Clean cache urine stream Urinary diversion CARE of the stoma.

57. Urinary incontinence types: urge, stress, reflex, functional, total loss- kegal exerises can help strengthen pelvic floor muscles 58. Developmental milestones for below 1 year old: Posterior Fontannel closes at 2 months of age Anterior Fontannel closes at 18 months of age Birth weight doubles by 6 months, triples by one year Head circumference: 13-14 inches by birth, 17 by 6 months, and 18 by one year Birth Length: one inch of growth every month until the 6th month, by 1 year it should have grown 50% of its birth length a. 1-3 Months: lift head, roll from side to back, grasp for a brief period of time, can focus on objects. Socialization: can smile, can do cooing sounds, can recognize primary caregiver b. 3-6 months: Bottom incisors are developed: can feed food such as crackles, grain cereal, fruits, veggies, egg yolk. Can sit with support. Has better head control. Rolls from abdomen to Back (180). Can move hand to mouth. Socialization: imitate sounds and laugh aloud c. 9 months: Lots of hand actions: Patty-cake play, transfer objects from one hand to another, touch knees and hands. Can sit without support. Can pull to a standing position with hands. Upper incisors are developed Socialization: can respond to requests, dada mama d. 12 months: can walk with assistance and take first steps alone without help. Can sit from a standing position. Can recognize familiar faces such as animals. Likes to make animal sounds. Pincer grasp. Socialization: starts independent play : infant shows affection, explores away from parents, security blanket, solitary play: mobiles, busy boxes, soft cuddle toys and soft picture books. - What is parallel play?? At what age does that happen 59. Pyloric Stenosis: What are the hallmark signs? 60. Cleft Lip and Palate. Cleft lip is repaired before 3 months of age because that interferes with airway and feeding the most. After the repairing of the surgery, the infant is given an alternate feeding tube called lamb nipple. Teach the parent ESSR: enlarged nipple, stimulate suck, swallow and rest. The baby is put in an elbow restraint. Assess for sucking swallowing and breathing ability . After surgery of cleft lip, no spoon, pacifier , straws for 7-10 days . Clean lip from suture line. Antibacterial ointment is given. Use elbow restraints and remove every 2 hours to encourage flexion . side lying position. For cleft palate: usually at 18 months of age, no straws but cup and soft foods are allowed. Cannot self feed. 61. Esophageal Atresia when the esophagus fails to develop a continuous passage 62. The presence of fever, bloody diarrhea, severe lethargy from Hisprungs disease may indicate enterocolitis 63. Enterocolitis 64. Biliary Atresia 64. Acute Glomeruphrinitis: diagnosed by positive ASO TITER . 65. Rheumatic Fever: four categories of symptoms. Also pain is a priority. 66. Coombs Test: Tests for Hemolytic Anemia . Pain is involved and sometimes there are bruises that are left there. Normal. Test if you have antibodies that attack the RBCs. 67. Schilling Test: Tests for vitamin B 12 Deficiency for Pernicious Anemia . 24 hour sample by consuming two doses of B12.

68. PKU Test- on infants to see if there is any brain deformity. Best done after infant has eaten protein and passed meconium. 69. Lead testing should start at 1 year old. 70. Biophysical Profile of the pregnant mother: Requires amniotic fluid to perform the test. Measures: Fetal breathing, movement, tone, amniotic fluid volume and fetal heart reactivity 71. There is an increased correlation of Otitis Media and Feeding position. Being fed in a supine manner can allow the bacteria enter the ear easily. It is usually caused by H. Influenza . edema happens in the middle of the ear, swells up and blocks hearing . 72. the person responsible for obtaining consent is the surgeon or the doctor. He/she also explains the procedure, side effects, risks, alternative treatments and the effects without procedure 73. Person with a CVA starts rehab immediately upon arrival of the hospital 74. nurse can refuse providing care that clashes with her religious beliefs 75. if a client at appropriate age talks about making advanced directives and planning for funeral- it is normal 76. adult cpr compressions= 1.5 inches deep. Infant compression = two fingers on sternum. Adult compression = 2 heels of hands on lower sternum. Child compression = 1 heel of hand on lower sternum 77. Mongolian Spots= bluish pigmentation 78. Signs of pneumothorax: Sharp pain with breathing, or coughing on the affected side, tachypnea, dyspnea, absent sounds on the affected side, tachycardia, anxiety, and restlessness 79. Tension Pneumothorax: EMERGENCY. Trachea deviations on the UNAFFECTED SIDE 80. High in calcium : Brocolli, milk and fortified cereals 81. Burn increases Potassium, HCT and WCB 82. HCT is the percentage of RBC to whole blood. Usually 35-50% 83. 6 Ps for Arterial Embolism: Pallor, Pain, Pulselessness, Parasthesia, Paralysis, Paratemp (Cold) 84. Venturi mask 50% , Non rebreather up to 70%, partial rebreather- up to 90% and nasal canula up to 6 L 85. Administer nasal spray by holding one nostril down 86. Albuterol a beta 2 agonist, decreases potassium 87. Pagets Disease: enlarged bones that dont surface until 40s . The meds are : Calcitonin + Biophosphtes (-ate). Diagnosed with positive alkaline phosphate test 88. Osteomyelitis- an infection of the bone either caused by surgery and a pre-existing infection from elsewhere in the body. Bone scan and diagnose. Sterile technique to change dressings. Avoid activities that increase circulation to the area . Immobilize the area long term. 89. compartment syndrome is an emergency condition that happens after a fracture and when in a cast. The pressure from a cast causes the broken vessels to localize themselves but they have no where to go so they rupture. Sx: pain, Coolness paresthesia 90. Fat embolism Sx: chest pain, dyspnea, tachycardia, decreased LOC, Petechiae 91. crepitus sounds from fracture. May be heard 92. thiazide diuretics cause gout. 93. Degenerative joint disease: joint pain and is relieved by rest but joint stiffness after rest. Usual sites are hands, knees, hips feet and back. Acetaminophen 94. Clubfoot: family tendency. Affected leg is shorter, and twisted inward. Correction made in a cast for overriding the problem. Do not get the cast wet. Passive ROM. Assess neuro 95. Developmental Hip Displasia- ortonlani bowlows click present 2-3 months. Affected leg is shorter. Uneven gain. Positive trendenlenberg sign, uneven hip and glueteal folds. Tx: pavlik harness to correct it around 2-3 months of life. 96. Guthrie test for PKU should be taken after 24 hours of life and after ingestion of protein.

97. Cyanotic heart defects- tet of fallot Cyanosis, Pulmonary pressure higher, Right to Left shunt -Cyanosis, crying, clubbing of the fingers and tachycardia. Tx: put child in knee chest position and give oxygen. Prostaglandin is administered as well to open up vessels. Transposition of the great vessels: aorta and pulmonary artery switched: emergency. Acidosis and leads to heart failure Hypoplastic left <3 syndrome: less oxygen traveled to the body. Treatment: prostaglandin 98. Ayanotic heart defects : left to right shunt. No symptoms as a baby but poor growth later on. Ventricular/Atrial Septal Defect (no surgery required), Coarction of aorta (difference in bp in upper and lower extremities) balloon cardiac cath 99. spina bifida: myelomeningocele has CNS effects as opposed to meningocele. 100. Galactosemia is a disorder in which glucose is not being converted to correctly due to lactose. Test is done as an infant by feeding it lactose and symptoms show. 101. tonsillitis sx: difficulty swallowing, breathing, enlargement of tonsils, cant smell or taste, mouth breathing and snoring. Viral : focus on relieving symptoms. Bacterial: antibiotics. Continual swallowing after tonsillectomy means complication/bleding. Ice collar, and analgesic should be given. Stay way from crowds for 1-2 weeks after surgery. 102- LTB- most normal CROUP (cough) provide humidity to ease the throat and adequate oxygenation. Offer fluids for hydration. If symptoms are worse: continuous stridor, labored respirations and intercostal retractions: withhold oral intake/iv fluids . and if worse send to ER. 103: epiglottis: caused by h pylori . cherry red epiglottis upon examination sore throat pain, inspiratory stridor and sitting in tripod position. Vaccine is given at 2 months to reduce it. Tx: tracheostomy or endotracheal intubation 2-5 years of age 104: RSV (Bronchiolitis)-: under 2 years of age . more common in spring and winter months. Dsypnea, nonproductive cough, wheezing, flaring . tx: respiratory status/treat infection. Med: ribavirin should not be handled by pregnant nurses. Synagis is antibiotic for RSV 105) Cystic Fibrosis- thick secretions in respiratory system: at risk for respiratory depression 106) opioid withdrawal symptoms: EARLY: diaphoresis. LATE: Fever, abdominal cramps, tachycardia 107) CNS depressant withdrawal symptom: opposite of cns stimulant: anxiety, insomnia, akathisia 108) when a client cannot report pain, the first action is obtain baseline behavioral indicators from family, before looking at non verbal signs cause family members know client more than you 109) acute pancreatitis relief position: side lying with knees to chest and pillow against the abdomen. 110) before any diagnostic procedure always look at WBC. If its elevated it is important. 111) CAUTION IS THE seven warning signs for Cancer. C: Change in Bowel pattern. A: A sore that doesnt heal. U: unusual bleeding/discharge. T: Thickening or lump in breast in elsewhere. I: indigestion or difficulty in swallowing. O: Obvious change in wart or mole. N: Nagging cough 112) mammogram annually starting years of 40. Annual occult feces test starting 50. Colonoscopy every 10 years. Digital yearly + PSA antigen examinations for prostate health starts at 50 113) Cancer therapy: drink lots of water. Watch out for infection. Avoid close contact with others . remember you may emit radiation to others so you are harmful. 114) external radiation: skin dry and intact and wash with only water. No soap/deodarants s/e: tissue sloughing / breaking 115) chemotherapy side effects: agranulocytosis (Bone Marrow Suppression), Stomatitis, Alopecia, Xerostemia 116) thrombocytopenia signs: dark/ tarry stools and pink urine 117) stomatitis considerations: use soft toothbrush, do not use mouthwash with alcohol,

118) Dilantin is to be infused over 2-3 minutes slowly IV push. Normal range is 10-20. However, check WBC because it cause Leukopenia. Checking bloodwork is important. sHelps inhibit electrical discharge in the brain. 119) gluten containing foods are : wheat, rye, barley, oats and beer 120) Huntington Disease: cns problem symptoms Akathesia + Amnesia first, Ataxia later on. Autosomal DOMINANT- irreversible CNS damage.. 121) Do not use bacterial medications on viral conditions such as using corticosteroids on Herpes Zoster etc 122) epiglottis: the swelling of the cover of the Larynx which leads to an obstruction of the airway and the voice-box. An emergency. Hallmark sign: beefy-red epiglottis. Sx: difficulty breathing, muffled sounds(due to obstruction of Layrnx) , drooling, high temp. 123) ADHD: Impulsivity, short attention span, hyperactivity 124) TCAs adverse Effects that must be monitored: ANTICHOLINERGIC EFFECTS, Sexual dysfunction, CARDIAC DYSFUNCTION such as Dysrhythmias, Sedation (from anti depressant effect) 124) Lithium Toxicity: Ataxia, N/V/D, Coma . normal is 0.6-1.5 125) Go over child milestones . By 2 years old, child can walk up and down the stairs which may pose as a problem for Falls. 126) Glaucoma first line medication= Timolol is a Beta- Blocker. May cause bronchospasm and bradycardia. Contraindicated in people with airway problems 127) Tetramune injection: Diptheria, Pertussis, Tetanus and hemophilius influenza B 128) ONLY call a code if there are no respirations AND no pulse. If there is one or the other, make sure you perform all measures to revive the measurement that has a zero in. if no successful then, call a Code. 129) Chelating therapy is for poisoning for iron and Lead 130) Joint stiffness can be reduced by Warm showers 131) Pre-Eclampsia risk factors include Maternal Age. Too young or too old . Pregnant women with a history of pregnancy induced hypertension shouldnt travel. 132) Aspirin Toxicity: Coma Diaphoresis Disorientation Hyponatremia Hypokalemia Hyperglycemia or Hypoglycemia Hyperventilation Nausea and Vomiting Renal Failure Seizures Tinnitus Deafness 133) Raw fish should be avoided during pregnancy due to Mercury 134) ADLs should not be avoided due to fear of injury. That includes kitchen duties 135) do not use heating pads on vascular problems 136)Weight gain during pregnancy: 1 lb per month during first trimester, 1 lb per week during 2nd and third trimesters 137) Kegal Exercises to strengthen pelvic floor muscles: for prostate and uterine . 138) acute glomeruphrinitis : contains dark urine with swelling of eyes and sore throat

139) Leukemia assessment: increased risk of bleeding, fever, easy bruising, dyspnea, skin lesions , joint pain and fatigue. Interventions: neutropenia precautions. Bone marrow: apply pressure for 5 minutes during renal biopsy, prevent fatigue, prevent bleeding 140)Tay Sachs Disease: autosomal recessive disease that causes cerebral atrophy. Occurs in infants. They usually look healthy but they start showing problems at months 6 and till death. Sx are: initial- decreased motor activity . Later: Spasticity/Convulsions/Death/Blindness 141) retinal detachment: classic triad: Floaters, Flash, visual field defect . can eventually lead to blindness if untreated 142) esophageal rupture= emergency. Presented with Low BP, HIGH HR and pain 143) urine output less than 30 is emergency 144) Pacemaker: 145) Erythroblastosis fetalis- rh incompabitbility with fetus=hemolysis 146) BPH: dribbling urination , incomplete voiding sensation, dysuria, urinary retention. Due to large prostate grew on bladder. Occurs due to AGE. 147) Hip dislocation = shortening of affected leg 148) after nephrectomy: check urine output 149) Wound eviersceration procedure: 1) tell someone to go get the physician 2) stay with the client and position client to a low fowler position with knees flexed in 3) cover wound with sterile normal dressing 4) v/s= monitor signs of shock 150) Maternal Hydraminos= Amniotic Fluid, too much of it can cause fetus GI problem because fetus swallows it. 151) Toxemia leads to fetal hypoxia 152) Pinworms come out from rectum at night time 153) Cardiomyopathy: Dilated, hypertrophic vessels of the heart-> fatigue, dyspnea, low tolerance to activity due to lowered ejection fracture 154) Transient Tachypnea: It is when the infants lungs are still filled with fluid from the mothers placenta- leading the infant to be in the position of dyspnea and hard to breath. Symptoms are high RR, retractions, flaring and cyanosis. Tx: humidified oxygen in a warm environment. Feedings are done with gavage. RR, color and cyanosis should be monitored. 155) Ovarian Cancer- Risk factors: estrogen replacement therapy, nulliparity. Hallmark sign: abnormal bleeding. Other sx: pain and enlarged uterus (later on) 156) Gonorrhea- green copious malodorous urethral discharge in men and women 157) Syphillus: Painless papule ulcerates, Indurated lesion with smooth base and firm border
158) chlamydia: Persistent Dysuria and Pyuria 159) trichomoniasias : Copious, grayish-green Vaginal Discharge

160) shoulder ankylosis : shoulder immobility 161): in a person with darker skin: check the mucosa 162) atrial fibrillation can lead to CVA 163) pinworms
A. Perianal or perineal Pruritus worse at night B. May also cause vaginal irritation C. Restlessness at night

164) Pre-Eclampsia- patients with signs of it should be held bed rest with bathroom privileges. Signs are edema, high blood pressure, and proteinuria 165) ciprofloxacin antibiotics 166) Furosemide toxicity- tinnitus 167) anticholinergic s/e are from TCAs and antipsychotics like phenothiazine . benzos cause nighttime agitation due to sedation 168) iron supplement taken for 1 month 169) ARDS doesnt respond to high oxygenation levels and has low arterial oxygen level 170) stoma care: non karaya gum for the stoma karaya erodes the skin 171) respiratory distress syndrome: SIN- substernal retractions , Inspiratory grunting, Nasal Flaring 172) Amnioglycides should not be administered to pregnant women. (-cycline) 173) Clef Lip therapy ESSR: enlarged nipple, suck, swallow, rest. After surgery monitor airway w/ elbow restraints 174) EA and TEA- ea is the failure of the esophagus to finish developing . tea= abnormal opening between esophagus and trachea. Causes: increased amniotic fluid. Symptoms: excessive drooling + mucus. Cyanosis and choking. Keep infant an upright position. 175) hirchsprung disease: no nerve sensation in bowels b/c ass spinchter fails to relax. No meconium within 2 days. Ribbon like stools. 176) Galactosemia- lactose intolerant 178) LTB- Croup= maintain oxygenation 179) rapid response team= first thing is ECG 180) bronchiolitis- lower airway infection = RSV= maintain oxygenation. Administer ribavirin 181) epiglottis- upper airway infection = check the throat with endo182) ALS- muscle weakness and usually dysphagia. No cure 183) Bells Palsy- defect of trigeminal nerve= cant smile . temporary problem. 184) intessusception= colicky pain. 185) pyloric stenosis post procedure= always tilt child a bit to the right for gastric emptying 186) Kawasaki leads to carditis .hallmark is strawberry tongue 187) pleural effusion = absent lung sounds 188) pneumothorax= pain 189) rheumatic fever= temporary. Lasts 2-3 weeks including chorea, skin problems (erythema mag) , heart problems and joint swellings . give diversional activities that is not intense. (gaming is intense) 190) accurate measurement of fluid loss= daily weights 191) rheumatic arthritis- sit on an elevated seat with high back. Ensure good posture 192) coxa plana- necrosis on the head of the femur = soreness/stiff on the affected leg . 2-4 Years 193) Duchenne muscular dystrophy= positive gowners sign 194) osteogenic sarcoma- amputation of the affected extremity cancer of the bone usually at epiphyseal 195) aspirin toxicity therapy- chelating, gavage or emesis. Symptoms are: tinnitus, dizziness, dehydration, vomiting,, bleeding (all results of bleeding) 196) Acetominophen toxicity antidote- A cetylestine . first priority is to obtain lab value of aceto.

197) lead poisoning antidote: chelation (calcium disodium edetate) . lead poisoning minor= hyperactivity, impulsivity, 198) biliary atresia- clay colored stools and abdominal distention
Medications: 1) Oxandrolone: promote weight gain after a huge weight loss 2) Anabolic Steroids: Promotes protein growth to gain weight. Also treats bone problems such as osteoporosis 3) Acyclovir: treats genital herpes 4) Indinavir: Part of HAART program to treat HIV 5) Cyclosporine (Immunosuppressant) : for the relief of itching , prevent graft rejection and used with metrotrexate for Rheumatoid arthritis 6) Metrotrexate considerations: check for agranulocytosis . contra in pregnant women . It is a high alert drug that should be double checked with another nurse. 7) Naproxen: NSAIDs. Just like Ibuprofen. Take same precautions of GI bleeding and increase risk of heart disease. Increases chances of lithium toxicity 8) Lithium levels: 0.4-1.5 9) Anti-Parkinsonism meds: Selegilene 10) for secretions in the lungs from copd or asthma: Intal (Cromolyin) limits or stops the secretions from happening while Singulair/Zafirlukast decrease the secretions. For the last two meds look at LIVER Fx. 11) Busiprone SSRI- to help focus better 12) Prostaglandin 2e- helps with uterine contractions and is administered when bishop score is less than 6. Can lead to tachycardia 13) Trisomy 13: polydactyl, malformed ears, clef lip and palate, mental retardation 14) anti-psychotics. Typical and atypical. Typical chropromazine (thorazine), ; atypical- clozapine . can cause EPEs and weight gain. Cannot be given to dementia people 15) ARBs- sartans- contraindicated in pregnant women 16) do not abruptly stop taking antidepreessants esp if u took them for more than 6 weeks- will cause flu like symptoms 17) SNRIs cause bleeding and cause nausea. E.g. Effexor 18) cephasporins are an alternative to penicillins and more effective 19) furosemide can cause hypotension 20) Cizrol (ceph) oral suspension has Pku source 21) benzo in elderly can lead to falls + cognitive impairment 10)-triptans to treat headaches. Find out what class this belongs to 11) tricyclic antidepressants can help with Diabetic Neuropathy. tryptine

Questions to ask myself 1. Whats important to ingest when you have asthma? 2. For asthmatic patients.. what cannot they sleep on? Bc of which trigger of asthma? 3. For asthma patients , what do they need to do with their pillows? 4. What happens if the pollen count is high outside? 5. What are the symptoms of asthma? 6. When receiving TPN, what happens when air embolism occurs? What position do you put them in? 7. Air embolism symptoms? 8. Hyperglycemic shock from TPN? 9. How often to check glucose while on TPN? 10. If you cannot push TPN or flush TPN line, what should you do?? 11. What should you not use for a patient with trach? 12. Should trach dressings be cut? 13. After intubation, what nursing assessment is vital? 14. Flail chest is defined by what? And how did it happen usually? 15. What is the main treatment for flail chest? 16. How to correct a flail chest ventilation ? 17. What are the common assessments of flail chest? 18. What is a priority for flail chest? 19. What exercise should flail chest people do? 20. What should you monitor for in a patient with flail chest ? 21. What is nasal polyps? 22. If a patient has bronchodilator and steroid med.. which one should be given first? 23. Cheyne-Stokes respirations is seen with who? And what characterizes it ? 24. What signs appear on a person with pneumothorax? 25. Subcunatenous emphysema needs to be monitored for what ? 26. Metabolic acidosis displays what kind of breathing pattern? 27. Lung cancer has two main symptoms.. what are they ? 28. Lung cancer is a common cause of WHAT? 29. Lack of tumor of the pituitary gland leads to what? 30. What is tidal volume? 31. With mechanical ventilators what should you do to its tubing? 32. What should the set volume be and how often? 33. What are mechanical ventilators settings based on? 34. Does the machine deliver the lowest concentration or highest to maintain normal ABG 35. If client has a cough that will not go away.. it needs to be INFORMED 36. Croup requires what kind of precaution? And what is it marked by ? (the symptoms) 37. What is stridor? How does it sound like? What does it mean?? 38. Hemlich maneuver is for choking.. whats the first thing you must ask before you start? How do deliver the trusts? 39. Name the 4 valves that can be heard? And where are they? 40. S3 and s4 are signs of which side of HF? 41. Cystic fibrosis is what kind of trait? 42. Realize that Huntington is what kind of trait? 43. Risk factors for pneumonia? (name some conditions) 44. What kind of sputum indicates IMPROVEMENT of pneumonia ? 45. What is the first sign of tension pneumothorax? And why is it called that?

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57. 58.

59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70.

Epiglottis is what?? Is it important? What are some proper treatment for epiglottis? What must you never put into the mouth of a child with epiglottis? What two things can cause obstruction of the airway in a child with epiglottis? In asmathic , an absence of WHAT sign is an emergency???? Ronchi is what? With a sucking chest wound.. what is the best thing to do with it??? And why? What kind of condition is this called? What is hantavirus pulmonary syndrome? What should you monitor (for complications) ? What is caused by??? What are the normal symptoms? Is it better to use cold or hot water for drinking? Why? What kind of houses have lead? How is lead best absorbed on the stomach? What is the first sign of pulmonary embolus that requires immediate attention? Assess for what? Laryngectomy pt education.. What is the ointment used around the stoma? Why? What additional machine should be given to the patient before being discharged? For a bubble bath.. do you leave the stoma covered or uncovered? For a shower, do you leave the stoma covered or not? When you go outside, what should you do with the stoma? How will client communicate initially? And then what? How will client prevent scar tissue contractions? What senses of the client will decrease? What should the client do after surgery? What is the diet after laryngectomy? What cannot the client do with laryngeal communication? (3) If there is fluid in the tubing, what do you do? Complications include what? Diaphgramatic excursion means what? Incentive spirometer.. how should it be used? What should pt do AFTER spirometer? WHY? What should the pt do before using the spirometer? CPR is considered what? And pts with who had cpr done be cautious with what procedure? Whats the main treatment of laryngitis ? What is pneumocystitis jiroveci pneumonia and what does it cause? (2) How do you administer nasal spray? What do pursed lip breathing do? When a person is on a mechanical ventilator.. what do you watch out for?? If that worst happens, what should the nurse do? What is the main symptom of pulmonary embolism? What else can contribute to pulmonary emboli? (3) What complications can occur from a thoracentesis? SIMV s purpose is to what? What does it entail? If abdomen is distended and food like material is in the endotracheal tube.. what does it mena? For copd.. how much lower of a rate for oxygen administration should be given ?