Hello! 2nd year Sec.

Unit 10

UNIT
Key Vocab:
fertile organic pesticide gene ingredients rot starvation fertilizer modify rotten fat

10
genetically # '& * ) ,. "' -

"! $% )/ ( + )starve modification $% carbohydrate .+ protein

modified inorganic spray genetic engineering ripen seeds agriculture

Vocabulary:
amount = quantity organic farming soil quality consumption nuts collect method notice
1 )/ genetic structure * farm (v./n.) '% 4+ / ! 78%9 ; ( <)( >= ?@8 0 /% */ 1* 23% / 23 5%!6 +: (& ) ' '-! 3 A "

improve production hunter roots later wild plants living things

Hello! 2nd year Sec. Unit 10

contain insect damage do damage crops healthy food global warming nutrition nourishment meat butter pasta vegetables salt high yield seeds preservation irrigation dental decay poison decay guarantee potential supply addition suppose food shortage cut down ranch country
!

0B %3 4C@ / /DB- /E DB% DB- 2 ,:3) 03: H> I%@9 3 &J% K&J F3B *'

laboratory destroy normal modern science attack frequently vitamins

,) DB% / + G3 FB H(. / F

%$ &J &J% K ( *L /$ NO H= Q2 ,:3 %!6 * R3% !" /B 1! )B V(% D 4+ + (/ X3 Y K3[ 8% F / ZL 0A &F)2F

nutritious malnutrition cheese bread 1!M/) A (fruit

( )"!

L disease resistant PB) market '& high yield crops %!6 ?$@ ST I2F $% / ,B3% ) U- )%@ + */ ) EW N%$ K&J Z=! ,B= 4/ * +@

cultivation desertification flavour structure cell type=sort=kind scientific e periments add additive modernize desert reclamation concern food poisoning digest

Hello! 2nd year Sec. Unit 10

borders digestion swallow breath remove dietician diet

F <B% \$ ,*

indigestion breathe over time stream modification

&J- 0A `genetic b Ha! &J%B

F 2 \$% ]^') / _% / K( ,2 0 ,-

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Hello! 2nd year Sec. Unit 10

Words and their antonyms:

fertile organic natural pros merits pro responsible healthy successful agreement attractive
0> * * c d2 03: P! Q$- V&

infertile inorganic unnatural cons demerits anti irresponsible unhealthy unsuccessful disagreement unattractive

0 > V V N d2 03: P ! e8% V &

Prepositions:
spray with poisonous for be concerned to#inf. smile at put genes into plants come round life on earth e periment on/with
HL% ' ( 4+)

harmful to

R E 0` R' F% 0B V&" ,B= R H= 0 W +c R' 0

R H e press opinion

on/about R' F% be concerned with#n. R F2% lie to 0 < bring down

- *resistant to 0B 43 lead to NT 0B(' - (rich in

Irregular Verbs:
hold/held/held
$

lay/laid/laid

Hello! 2nd year Sec. Unit 10

hurt/hurt/hurt keep/kept/kept kneel/knelt/knelt kneel/kneeled/kneeled know/knew/known

#$%& !" lead/led/led *+, lean/leant/leant lean/leaned/leaned /0 leap/leapt/leapt leap/leaped/leaped 203 leave/left/left

'() -.! 1+) 405

Hello! 2nd year Sec. Unit 10

6eri7ati7es:
7erb rot noun rotting $ad&. rotten
$%

adv.

$%

modify

modification ,- modified gene

genetic 0 genetically
FB

genetics

ripen
#

ripe
)starvation )

#E!

starve

starving

1 (0! C

fertilize )2

fertilizer
+)

fertilized

+ )f e

'mportant (ocabulary for translation and composition)

swine flu (*1+1) epidemic digestive system circulatory system skeleton sample gland
!*B$!` ;L K' ; ( 0)

vaccine

, =$ + ) ; ( 02$% 0 (; 4*/ ) / $ =0)3

,". intensive care 0)a complications 4 fever

the backbone respiratory system ; (nervous system

,anguage +otes)
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Hello! 2nd year Sec. Unit 10

.ake # inf. (active):1; < 089

0 )0 to S ) 'g '0-M make ,$ )HB)B )to # )make '0-M)( B 0 )0

They made him pay the money.

He was made to pay the money.

/nce = at some time in the past h / 0E )0 ^] 0

4 /nce = as soon as S` +')( /nce = one time 4 @4 /nce, people were hunters. Their food came from animals. 0 0E )0^] /nce I get the news, I'll phone you. S` +')( She visits her grandparents once every six months. 4 @4

0o = very

I enjoyed the film very much / so much. He is such a clever oy.

0uch = very

0U- very 9 'HL%2- ly RR' 0%- adverbs 7. )B)(B `^0

1 tremely 2 fantastically 2 tremendously 2 greatly 2 incredibly 2 unbelievably 2 awfully 2 terribly The mountain is e tremely high. He was incredibly rich. I am awfully sorry for distur ing you.

sorry ) < 4+ HL%2- awfully S` ?@9

0o # , # 2 , !li plays tennis. !hmed plays tennis.

3

"% ( % %k) ,)( 0( j &/ i )')so HL%2- ;2@ 2) ,$ . '0-M 3 g&. 0 ),$ F B)(

Hello! 2nd year Sec. Unit 10

!li plays tennis and so does 4hmed. She knew the answer. They knew the answer. She "new the answer and so did they. #eter can swim. $ohn can swim. #eter can swim and so can 5ohn.

+either # , # 2 ,

(9 i )')neither HL%2- $ ),)( @ 0 )=U \ $'

I didn6t know the truth. She didn6t know the truth. I didn't "now the truth and neither did she. He couldn6t climb the mountain. They couldn6t climb it. He couldn't clim the mountain and neither could they.

*ope / 7ish

I hope he passes / will pass the test. I hope to win the first pri%e.

),=%2 ` l2' 1 W hope '0-M )to # )hope '0-M S` )"

I don6t have a camera.

0 0)% %B l2' 0E wish 'HL%2! )E3

' wish ' had a camera.

#eople throw ru ish in the street. ' wish people didn6t throw ru ish in the street.

I failed the exam. ' wish ' hadn6t failed the exam. / ' wish ' had passed the exam.

wish 'HL%2! 0E )0 0)% %B )H% 0E; )

' wish ' could see my friends tomorrow. ' wish my friend would come to my party next wee".

wish 'HL%2! ,=%2) 0 0)% %B 0^ < 'would ' `/we A < )could W )A ) ))B" m ',$ " % ize HL%@? 9

Hello! 2nd year Sec. Unit 10

economy criticism general modern

economize criticize generalize modernize

computer familiar memory terror

computerize familiarize memorize terrorize

1conomize 2 modernize 2 terrorize

z e @%'= )" 2 ) B" ,/ 0 )s e3'

,ike ,k / alike f'C% / look like fC unlike @? DE3FG C;A B @A =;5>? (erb to be) < HL%2- ,k 0 ')like S` ?@9
She is not like her sister. & She is different from her sister. She doesn6t like her sister. & She hates her sister.

4like = like each other X3%! &bLnT ` KnT ' alike HL%2- )9o be ,= 2 F
He and his rother are alike. He looks like his rother.

:nlike his rother, he is very tall.

Hello! 2nd year Sec. Unit 10

1 ercises on (ocabulary and ,anguage +otes '. (hen fruit or other food )dots * shots * "nots * rots+, it is too ad to eat. ,. Scientists can )-ualify . modify * clarify * identify+ crops y adding or removing certain genes. /. #eople who do not have enough food to eat may die of )starvation * sanitation * determination * nutrition+. 0. If you want to grow vegeta les, you have to put )deeds * needs . seeds * reeds+ in the ground. 1. 2armers earn their money from )agriculture * culture * feature * literature+. 3. 4oo" at the planes. They are )praying * playing * spraying * staying+ the fields from the air. 5. 6ice is the main )grade * element * su stance * ingredient+ of tonight's dish. 7. Some people elieve that )volcanic * organic * electronic * titanic+ fruit and vegeta les are etter for you than ones grown with chemical fertili%ers. 8. Some people are worried that genetically. )applied * classified * dried * modified+ crops will ring diseases. '9. 2armers use chemical )hormones * antiseptics * anti iotics * pesticides+ to "ill insects which attac" their crops. ''. :y rother wants to study )gene * genetic * genetics * geneticists+ at university. ',. )6ipened * 6otten * 6aw * :edium+ fruit usually tastes sweet. '/. This tomato is )ridden * risen * rotten * molten+. I can't eat it. '0. Scientists have made genetic )-ualifications * modifications * classifications * clarifications+ to some vegeta les. '1. :any people were very hungry after the storm. Some even egan to )swerve * serve * starve * o serve+. '3. );nli"e * !li"e * <isli"e * 4oo" li"e+ his rother, he's very arrogant. '5. He passed the test and )so * either * neither * nor+ did his rother.
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Hello! 2nd year Sec. Unit 10

'7. '8. ,9. ,'. ,,. ,/. ,0. ,1.

I wish the weather )was * were * is * had een+ etter yesterday. I'm )incredi ly * un elieva ly * fantastically * awfully+ sorry for not coming on time. )=nce * =ne * =nes * Twice+ I've found somewhere to live I'll send you my address. >very night efore going to ed, I )hope * wish * give * offer+ my mother good night. :y rother trained hard for the competition and I )hope * wish * offer * intend+ he'll win. I )thought * wish * intend * hope+ the weather improves soon. I )insist * hope * wish * intend+ we could meet next wee". I wish you )can * will * may * would+ try listening to me for once.

=ind the mistakes in each of the following sentences then write them correctly? '. This land is infertile. It can produce a large num er of good crops. ,. @ar ons provide our odies with heat and energy. /. #rotein is an animal which helps us to grow and e healthy. 0. ! leaf is the part of a plant from which a new plant of the same "ind can grow. 1. :illions of people face salutation ecause they don't have enough to eat. 3. I hope you good health. 5. I wish getting a new jo soon. 7. She did the jo well and neither did Hala. 8. He can't use the computer and so can't I. '9. The mountain is incredi ly height.

7ho6s / whose
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Hello! 2nd year Sec. Unit 10

7ho6s = who is # n. / v#ing / ad&. 7ho6s = who has # >>.

4eila is the student who6s working on this project with me. :y friend, who is a pilot, has always loved flying. The man, who6s done a lot of good wor", will e given a reward. That is the oy whose sister is a teacher. :y rother, whose friend is a 4i yan engineer, is going to wor" in Tripoli.

7hose "B) 0B ,:) E

?hoose the correct answer) '. The man )who * whose * who's * that+ loo"ing after our garden is too old. ,. The woman )whose * who's * that's * what's+ purse was stolen phoned the police. /. )(hose * (hat's * (ho's * (hen+ going to drive the "ids to schoolA 0. I'm not sure )who * whose * when * who's+ coming to their party tonight. 1. The #aul is the one )who * whom * who's * whose+ going to ma"e this team something special. 3. I couldn't tell )who * whom * who's * whose+ oo"s were left on the ta le. 5. #aul is the player )who * whom * who's * whose+ s"ills will ma"e this team something special. 7. !li was unsure )who * whom * who's * whose+ office he was meant to go to. 8. B)who * whom * who's * whose+ stolen my walletAB '9. I'd li"e to "now )whose * whom * who's * who+ smelly ) soc"s these are. ''. The doctor )who * whom * who's * whose+ done the operation is very clever. ',. The writer )who * who's * whom * whose+ written a lot of novel will get an international award. '/. I'd li"e to "now )who's * whom * whose * when+ in charge here.
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Hello! 2nd year Sec. Unit 10

'0. The man )that * whom * who's * whose+ house overloo"s the river hardly goes out. '1. This is the man )that * who's * whose * what+ een loo"ing for you. =ind the mistakes in each of the following sentences then write them correctly? '. The man who's house collapsed during the earth-ua"e was so sad. ,. The oy whose written the e.mail is my cousin. /. The company who's employees went on stri"e closed down. 0. This is the man whose wor"s for the computer company. 1. Co ody saw the thieves who's ro ed the gas station.

@uestion tags
PQFR/ D!FOP J.NG' LJM3? K;9;F 2JFG HGIFG YC+MFG X UJ8VWG CT K;9FG DEA S(E HGIFG Y-AJT 0! \JNG' :Z>5 [K;9;F 2JFG HGIFG CT *e hasnBt got any

*es a studentA isnBt heC moneyA has heC

,etBs go, shall weA ,et us stay here, will youC :Z>5 [am not '(gX KFJ] CTX arenct HGIFG CT :Z>5 [am '(.gX KFJ] CT :am ' am a teacher, arenBt 'C ' am not a lawyer, am 'C everyone / someone / everybody / somebody / no UJ;EFG SO *]^ :they HGIFG CT JhM? ^Z& Ca% one/ nobody 1veryone has done the homewor", havenBt theyA 1verybodyBs at the match, arenBt theyA +obody saw the ro ers, did theyA :it HGIFG CT JhM? ^Z& Ca% something / everything / nothing UJ;EFG 0omething has happenedA hasnBt itC
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:K!abG _$J`FG U^J,FG *]^ :S$WG ;f @A 0835T let us J?O dG05e^G @A letcs 083a

Hello! 2nd year Sec. Unit 10

:i8j? HGIFG S(E FRFX C+MFG @A 083a K!abG UJ;EFG seldom / never / scarcely / neither / little / few / hardly / rarely / no longer *e no longer comes early, does heA 9hereBs hardly any food, is thereC : will you HGIFG CT :Z>5 [C+MFG 0?kG KFJ] CT DonBt open the door, will youA :will you :GZ>5lG JO @E X wonct you _'JA :Z>5 [i8jFG 0?kG KFJ] CT ?lose that door, wonBt youA C[JjFG n19FG m;A -RFG HGIFG S(E ' think / ' believe .& OZ8a C5FG -9FG SO *]^ :K!+M? 0853a ' don6t think/' don6t believe .& OZ8a C5FG K;9FG @EFX I thin" *ala will win the race, wonBt sheA I don6t thin" they are la%y, are theyA CT donct/didnct/doesnct/isnct : HGIFG CT oJ"5p^G :Z>5 [JNG' J.M[O *]^ :HGIFG CT do XO have :GZ>5lG @E ClJlO -3+/ have '(gX KFJ] *e has a car, doesnBt heC (/E ) hasnBt heC) : K!abG UG0!835FG @ ?uestion tag :GZ>5lG *]^ Fou6d better leaveA hadn6t youC Fou6d rather go, wouldn6t youC : K;9;F 2JFG HGIFG CT there :GZ>5lG *]^ 9here isn6t any mil" in the fridge, is thereC : HGIFG CT this / that @? ^Z& it :GZ>5lG *]^ 9his is not right, is itC : st0`FG qG(grK;9FG @? C[JjFG n19FG C;A HGIFG S(E(' =' gX KFJ] CT If she doesn't have a map, she6ll get lost, won6t sheC ?hoose the correct answer) '. She's done a lot of good wor", )isn't * doesn't * haven't * hasn't+ sheA ,. If he comes early, he can catch the us, )can * does * can't * won't+ heA /. They dug the well,, )didn't * don't * hadn't * weren't+ theyA 0. She'd rather stay home, )hadn't * wouldn't * couldn't * won't+ sheA
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Hello! 2nd year Sec. Unit 10

1. She's going to finish her wor" early, )hasn't * wasn't * isn't * can't+ sheA 3. (e have earned a lot of money lately, )haven't * don't * aren't * shouldn't+ weA 5. Someone has watered the garden, )hasn't he * haven't we * don't they * haven't they+A 7. >verything is =.D., )doesn't * wasn't * isn't * hasn't+ itA 8. He hardly does any useful wor", )does he * doesn't he * don't we * haven't we+A '9. 4et's find somewhere else to stay, )will you * won't you * shall we * shan't we+A =ind the mistakes in the following sentences and write them correctly) '. She didn't "now the way to the station, was sheA ,. Co ody is here, isn't heA /. ! lot of money has to e collected, have itA 0. I don't thin" he'll pass the driving test, can't heA 1. That's not the right answer, does itA

1 pressing /pinions Expressing Opinions Agreeing with opinions Disagreeing with opinions

4s far as '6m concernedA 0o do ' / ' do too. 'n my opinionA '6d say that .. 't seems to me that .. ' think G

' don6t./ ' don6t think so ' agree (with you). ' don6t agree (with you) Fou are (quite) right ' disagree. ' think so '6m not sure ' suppose so. EeallyH

1 amples) 4s far as '6m concerned, the watch is more eautiful than that nec"lace.
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Hello! 2nd year Sec. Unit 10

' agree with you. 'n my opinionA we should all do more exercise. Fou are quite right. '6d say that mountaineering is very dangerous. '6m not sure. 't seems to me that #aris is a great city. ' don6t think so. Eespond to the following situations) '. ! friend thin"s that sugar and salt are ad for health. (hat do you sayA ,. Eour father elieves that countries should try to produce all their own food. /. Eour sister thin"s that many people today eat too much food. 0. ! friend thin"s that we should all eat less and do more exercise. 1. ! school friend as"s what you thin" of fast food. (hat do you sayA 3. Someone as"s your opinion a out the est places to uy food. 5. Eour mother as"s what you thin" of food coo"ed at home. (hat do you sayA 7. Eour friend elieves that farmers have a very hard life. (hat do you sayA 8. Eour rother thin"s that it is dangerous to use a mo ile phone while driving. (hat do you say. '9. ! housewife elieves that food prices are going up all the time. (hat do you sayA

9est on :nit 1<

4I ,anguage =unctions 1I Eespond to the following situations) '. =ne of your friends eats food with too much fat in it. (hat do you say to him or herA ,. ! friend who has een ill as"s for advice a out food. Suggest fruit.
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Hello! 2nd year Sec. Unit 10

/. ! friend thin"s iscuits and ca"es are healthy foods. (hat do you sayA 0. Eour teacher as"s your opinion a out using genetic engineering to improve crops. (hat do you sayA !I 0ay where these miniIdialogues are taking place and who the speakers are) 1. !.(hat's the matterA F. I can't sleep well and I have difficulty going up and down the stairs. !. <o you smo"eA >lace )IIIIIIIIII F. Ees, I smo"e a out ,9 cigarettes a day. 0peaker 4 )IIIIIIIIII !. That's terri le. 4et me examine your chest.
0peaker J )IIIIIIIIII >lace )IIIIIIIIII 0peaker 4 )IIIIIIIIII 0peaker J )IIIIIIIIII

,.!.:ay I see your tic"et, pleaseA F. Here you are. !. Seat ,9!, the first row. F. Than" you. (hat time does the film startA !? !t 3./9.

JI (ocabulary and 0tructure "I ?hoose the correct answer) '. )!griculture * !rchitecture * !cupuncture . Infrastructure+ is the wor" of growing crops and feeding animals. ,. !/!n )academically * alpha etically * genetically . automatically+.modified crop is a type of crop changed y scientists. /. To )display * spray * decay * pray+ means to ma"e li-uid come out in a stream of very small drops. 0. !/!n )fertili%er * organi%er * ulldo%er * free%er+ is a thing which farmers put on soil to help plants to grow. 1. ! )germicide * suicide * her icide . pesticide+ is a chemical which is used to "ill insects on crops. 3. I get my rown hair and eyes from my parents . they're in my )genes * lood * muscles * lungs+. 5. 2ruit is ready to eat when it has een ) urned . ripened * ro ed * stopped+ y the sun.
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Hello! 2nd year Sec. Unit 10

7.

The main )lenient * o edient * client * ingredient+ of the meal I am coo"ing is cheese. 8. !s )long * far * much * soon+ as I'm concerned, there are too many cars in modern cities. '9. 4isa, )who * who's * whose * that+ in my class at school, is very good at >nglish. ''. That's the person )whose * which * who * who's+ phone I orrowed when I lost mine. ',. )!s * So * 4i"e * ;nli"e+ far as I am concerned, the match was oring. '/. She doesn't study hard and )so * neither * either * too+ does her rother. '0. I hope he )is getting * to get * will get * was got+ the jo he has applied for. '1. :ount >verest is )credi le * incredi le * terri le * incredi ly+ high. '3. I was made )to sign * signing * sign * signs+ the papers. $I =ind the mistakes in each of the following sentences then write them correctly? '. >lectrical engineering is the science of changing the structure of the genes of a living thing in order to ma"e it healthier or stronger. ,. !utomatic farming does not use chemical fertili%ers. /. Sensation is suffering or death caused y lac" of food. 0. I'd tal" that the government should ma"e more efforts to solve this pro lem. 1. The doctor who's clinic is next to the an" is very clever. 3. I hope I am getting my university degree next month. ?I Eeading ?omprehension %I Eead the following passage and then answer the questions) It was once elieved that eing overweight was healthy, ut nowadays few people su scri e to this viewpoint. (hile many people are fighting the attle to reduce weight, studies are eing conducted concerning appetite and how it is controlled y oth emotional and iochemical factors. Some of the conclusions of these studies may
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Hello! 2nd year Sec. Unit 10

help to understand how to deal with weight pro lems. 2or example, when several hundred people were as"ed a out their eating ha its in times of stress, 00G said that they reacted to stressful situations y eating. ! test in which su jects were lindfolded showed that o ese people have a "eener sense of taste and crave more flavorful food than non.o ese people. (hen deprived of the variety and intensity of tastes, these people are not satisfied and conse-uently eat more to fulfill this need. Flood samples ta"en from people after they were shown a picture of food revealed that overweight people reacted with an increase in lood insulin, a chemical associated with appetite. 9his did not happen with average.weight people. 4. 4nswer the following questions) '. !ccording to the text, how does a large percentage of people deal with stressA ,. (hat does the underlined word HthisI refer toA /. (hy is overweight no longer thought of as healthyA J. ?hoose the correct answer) 0.In the past, people elieved that overweight was............ a+something good +something ad c+unhealthy d+undesira le 1.Some scientists elieve that appetite is influenced y ...............factors. a+ iographic + iochemical c+ acterial d+ otanical -I Eead the following passage and then answer the questions) Today, many people use natural ways to cure illnesses that donJt cause side effects. K!cupunctureJ and K iofeed ac"J are two popular methods. <octors have een using KacupunctureJ in @hina for over two thousand years. It involves pushing needles into the s"in at special points around the ody. !ncient @hinese philosophers elieved that they were connected to different organs and could cure diseases. <octors in @hina have used KacupunctureJ in major operations. Scientists thin" that the needles ma"e the ody produce a chemical called KendorphinJ that helps to reduce the feeling of pain. KFiofeed ac"J uses a technology to help people control their internal organs. 2or example, if a person has a pro lem with sleeping,
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Hello! 2nd year Sec. Unit 10

he/she is connected to a special computer that shows the activity of the rain. The person then is as"ed to do some mental exercises to relax. (hen the rain activity falls and the person is relaxed, the computer ma"es a noise. Slowly, the person learns what type of mental exercise can help him/her to reduce the activity of the rain. 4. 4nswer the following questions) '. (hy do many people prefer KacupunctureJ and K iofeed ac"J to cure diseasesA ,. KFiofeed ac"J uses a technology to help people control their internal organs. >xplain. /. (hat does the underlined word KtheyJ refer toA J. ?hoose the correct answer) 0. >ndorphin LLL. The feeling of pain. a. increases . grows c. decreases d. expands 1. ! person who has pro lems with sleeping is connected to a special computer toLLL.. a. do written exercises . show the activity of the rain c. try to relax d. do mental exercises DI 7riting 8I 7rite a paragraph of 3 sentences about 9he importance of healthy food and e ercise ;I 4) 9ranslate into 4rabic) The pro lem of starvation affects many places in the world. the main reason why people are hungry is not that there is food shortage, ut that methods of cultivation are not sufficiently advanced in some areas. :oreover, the food is not fairly distri uted to all those who need it. J) 9ranslate into 1nglish) 345 1#2 -./0 , %+ & )(' * #$%" ! 1 B$2 @#A/ (< ? + . =< >.$/ : );#9 % 78" * 6

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