Life

Pre-intermediate Unit 2b
have to, have got to, dont have to, must and mustnt

RULES FOR WAITERS #Work starts at five. You mustnt be late. #You have to wash your hands before you start work. #You dont have to wear a uniform. Black trousers and a white shirt are fine. #You must be polite to customers at all times!

Presentation
Use have to, must and mustnt to talk about obligation. Use dont have to to say that there is no obligation to do something. Affirmative and negative
I You We They He She have to dont have to has to doesnt have to

dont have to doesnt mean the same as mustnt You dont have to do it. = It isnt necessary.
You mustnt do it = Dont do it!

wear a uniform.

have got to means the same as have to Youve got to wash your hands. = You have to wash your hands. (have got to is informal.) TIP There isnt much difference between have to and must. You can use must to talk about personal obligations: I must lose some weight. Have to is more impersonal: Police officers have to wear a uniform.

Yes/No questions
Do Does I / you / we / they he / she have to wear a uniform?

Short answers
Yes, I / you / we / they he / she I / you / we / they he / she do. does. dont. doesnt.

No,

Key vocabulary Work: clean the kitchen, clear the table, cook the food, job, job description, rules, serve the customers, tidy the clothes, wear a uniform Clothes: shirt, trousers, uniform

Practical Grammar 1

National Geographic Learning

Pre-intermediate Unit 2b
Exercises
1 Choose the correct forms.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Shop assistants must / mustnt be polite to customers. Teachers have to / dont have to wear a uniform. Nurses must / dont have to wash their hands. Engineers have to / dont have to get a special qualification. Taxi drivers in the UK dont have to / mustnt drive on the right. Police officers have to / mustnt wear a uniform. Waiters have to / dont have to cook the food. Journalists have to / dont have to ask questions.

Complete the conversations about jobs with do, does, have to, has to or mustnt. Then listen and check. What are the jobs in conversations 1 and 2?

Conversation 1 A: What time do you start work? have to B: I 1 be there at nine oclock. 2 mustn't be late. 3 4 Do have to A: you wear a uniform? 5 B: Yes, I . do do have to do? A: What jobs 6 you 7 8 have to B: I clean the restaurant and serve the customers. Conversation 2 C: Does Emily like her new job? have to get up early! The shop doesnt open until ten. D: Yes, because she doesnt 9 C: 10 Does she 11 have to serve the customers? 12 does 13 has to D: Yes, she . And she tidy the clothes. C: Can she smoke? D: No, she 14 mustn't smoke in the shop so she 15 has to smoke on the street.

3 Look at the rules and the job descriptions. Write sentences about Paolo and Macy. Use has
to, doesnt have to or mustnt.
1 2 3 4 5 6

Paulo has to cook the food. Macy doesnt have to cook the food. RULES smoke Paulo and Macy mustn't smoke Work starts at nine - dont be late doesn't have to clear the tables. tables Paulo No smoking Macy have to clear de tables. Wear a uniform uniform Paulo and Macy have to wear a uniform. JOB DESCRIPTIONS late Paulo and Macy mustn't be late. Paolo: Cook the food customers Paulo doesn't haver to serve the customers. Macy: Clear the tables, serve Macy has to serve the customers. the customers food

Practical Grammar 1

National Geographic Learning