Annotated Bibliography for Assignment 2

Laycock, Joseph, (2010). 'Real Vampires as an Identity Group: Analyzing Causes and Effects of an Introspective Survey by the Vampire Community'. In: (ed), Nova Religio: The Journal of Alternative and Emergent Religions. 14th ed.: University of California Press. pp.4-23. This chapter focuses on real vampires and how they identify themselves in comparison to other vampires. Real vampires are considered individuals who feel a need to consume blood or to feed on the subtle energy of other people in order to sustain their physical, mental, and spiritual health, (pg. 4). They differ from another type of vampire called lifestyle vampires. These vampires dont require feeding on humans or other creatures in order to survive. They simply dress in a way that resembles the undead. This chapter also talks about how vampirism itself is not a religion. It is an identity that has religious and social institutions that form around it. Laycock talks about the many authors who have written about vampires and how it was very difficult for them to find vampires to talk to. One author that is mentioned is Stephen Kaplan, who created the Vampire Research Center in 1972. This center took many calls from vampires, including a woman who claimed to be 439 years old.

Gabriel, Shira and Ariana F. Young, (2011). Becoming a Vampire Without Being Bitten: The Narrative Collective-Assimilation Hypothesis. Association for Psychological Science. pp.5. This article relays the results of an experiment that examined the Narrative Collective Assimilation Hypothesis, which states that experiencing a narrative leads to psychological assimilation of the collective described within the narrative. This essentially means that if you read part of a story, then psychologically, you will become a part of the community in the book. In this experiment, the hypothesis was tested by using excerpts from the Harry Potter series and the Twilight series. However, I will be focused on the results relating to the Twilight series. After all of the tests were completed and the scores calculated, the results showed that those who read the Twilight passage identified more with vampires and felt the need to belong to that group. The way that I view this experiment is that it provides some factual evidence that people can become a part of vampirism just by reading a book or watching a movie.

Mukherjea, Ananya, (2011). My Vampire Boyfriend: Postfeminism, "Perfect" Masculinity, and the Contemporary Appeal of Paranormal Romance. Studies in Popular Culture. pp.20. This article focuses on discovering what makes vampires the perfect boyfriend. This is done by exploring some modern day vampire series, such as Buffy the Vampire Slayer, True Blood, and Twilight. All three of these examples tell a different version of the story of a teenage girl who has fallen in love with a vampire who is trying to refrain from killing others and turning his true love into a vampire. This gives the image of a monster trying to better himself so that he can be with his true love. Also,

vampires have qualities like old-fashioned and rigid in some behavioral respects but endlessly evolving in the essential principles that make them the perfect lovers. This ideal is the most prominent in every TV show and book series that been created over time. By exploring what makes this ideal so prominent today, it will help us understand how much the idea of vampires have changed.

Boyer, Sabrina, (2011). Thou Shalt Not Crave Thy Neighbor": "True Blood", Abjection, and Otherness. Studies in Popular Culture. pp.41. This article is written using the hit TV show on HBO called True Blood as an example. By using this show, Boyer explores the idea of otherness, vampires being outsiders to the human world. In True Blood, the vampire Sookie Stackhouse is considered an outsider in a world that interacts with vampires because of her ability to read minds. The ideal of otherness is also extremely prominent in many TV shows and book series about vampires because are the outsiders when in the human world. This article also explores the different identities that are formed when vampires are placed in an area where they inhabitants are conscious of certain borders that they have created. Forming new identities is the effect that occurs when vampires are considered outsides. This effect also gives insight as to how vampires interact with humans. Therefore it is extremely important to the study of vampirism and how vampires have evolved.

La Ferla, Ruth (2009). A Trend With Teeth. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.nytimes.com/2009/07/02/fashion/02VAMPIRES.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0. [Last Accessed 18 Feb 2014]. This article starts off by talking about how modern day vampires are made to look extremely attractive and mysterious. La Ferla also mentions how outrageous the entire vampire pandemonium has been. What began with the Twilight Saga, the luridly romantic young-adult series by Stephenie Meyer, followed by Twilight, the movie, has become a pandemic of unholy proportions. She also talks about how vampires have taken over the style world. A theory as to why vampires are loved so much in the media is because they personify real-world anxieties. They make it easier to relate to them and their struggles. All in all, this article tells us that vampires have taken over social media and are making us fall in love with them because of their beauty and willingness to be good. Their alluring nature is almost impossible to ignore, which is why so many people become intertwined in the Twilight series and TV shows like True Blood and The Vampire Diaries.

Assignment One Observations In my Assignment One Observations, I carefully examined three episodes of the hit TV series on CW The Vampire Diaries. This show is one of the many modern adaptations of what vampires are like and how they interact with humans. In this particular show, the main conflict is a love triangle between

Elena Gilbert, an ordinary human teenage girl, and two vampire brothers named Stephan and Damon Salvatore. This plays into the modern view that vampires make great boyfriends and lovers. Another modern view that is observed is the notion of good vampires and bad vampires, Stephan symbolizing the good and Damon symbolizing the bad. The views of vampires explored throughout the show have been around for a long time. So, I intend to use my observations done on The Vampire Diaries to serve as a tool to explore how the idea of vampires and vampirism has evolved over time.

Keyworth, G. David, (2006). Was the Vampire of the Eighteenth Century a Unique Type of UndeadCorpse?. Folklore. 117 (3), pp.19 In this article, the main focus is to test whether or not a specific characterization of vampires is in agreement with other characterizations that have been done. The characterization in question was done by a French author by the name of Augustin Calmet. Calmet describes vampires to be monsters who are diseased. They rise from the dead, infect many villages, feed on the humans, and cause their death. They are made to be unaware of everything that they do and have no remorse for it. The only way to rid the world of their destruction is to destroy them. In order to test the validity of Calmets description, Keyworth will examine different types of vampires that existed in Europe between the medieval and Enlightenment periods, as well as vampires in nineteenth century New England. He argues that the feature that distinguished the eighteenth-century vampires from other types of vampires was their thirst for blood.

Thurber, Ann, (2011). 'The Vampire and its Double: Doppelgangers, Meta Vampires, and GenderBending Byronic Love in The Vampire Diaries'. In: (ed), Bite Me: Desire and the Female Spectator in Twilight, The Vampire Diaries, and True Blood. 1st ed.: Emory University. pp.21. This chapter, written by Ann Thurber, uses the show The Vampire Diaries as the main example. This show is used because the themes of doubles, duality, or doppelgangers are very prominent throughout the show. This is illustrated through the fact that the main character Elena Gilbert is the doppelganger of a vampire named Katherine Pierce, and her vampire ex-boyfriend is the doppelganger of a powerful witch named Silas. As Thurber is exploring the notions of duality and doppelgangers, she hopes to in turn shed some light on the female spectator who is most interested in this recent vampire phenomenon. The spectator is usually a woman because modern TV shows are centered on vampires falling in love with humans. She believes that there is some sort of duality that exists in the spectator that mirrors the dualities in the characters, thereby prompting the spectator to become more and more involved in the show.

Wisker, Gina, (2012). 'Love Bites: Contemporary Womens Vampire Fictions'. In: Punter, David (ed), A New Companion to the Gothic. 1st ed. : Blackwell Publishing Ltd. pp.14. In the past, whenever vampire stories were written, the vampires would be a man. One of the most famous examples is Dracula. However, Gina Wisker points out that women also have vampire tendencies. She uses the example of Elizabeth Bathory, a woman who bathed herself in the blood of more than 600 virgins in order to remain youthful. She also states that contemporary women writers have found a lot of potential in the vampire in order to reinforce the ideas of conventional romantic roles. They strive to infuse the age-old figure with new life and new potential to comment on what it means to be human. This is in contrast to current vampire tales that focus on troubled love, and the inclusion of other supernatural creatures like werewolves and hybrids, which can be seen in The Vampire Diaries. Fictions like The Vampire Diaries celebrate eternal undying love, and some raise issues about cultural hybridity. Herbert, Christopher, (2002). Vampire Religion. Representations. 79, pp.21 This article by Christopher Herbert focuses on the classic vampire tale Dracula and the religious sentiment that is found within it. This religious sentiment has been ignored because of the fact that it is claimed to be the first great modern novel in British Literature. However, Herbert feels that by examining the religious references within the book, it will help trace the logic of certain late-Victorian cultural disorders that it seems to allegorize. Herbert mentions that throughout the story, the characters call out for the intercession of God, cross themselves, and brandish crucifixes whenever they encounter demonic creatures. There is also the constant quotation of biblical verses and praying. Another important religious reference is the fact that the war against vampires is considered a war on behalf of God. This novel is essentially seen as a religious manifesto in the midst of a world that is becoming more and more secularized.

Websites with articles http://www.jstor.org/stable/pdfplus/10.1525/nr.2010.14.1.4.pdf?&acceptTC=true&jpdConfirm=true http://pss.sagepub.com/content/early/2011/07/12/0956797611415541.full.pdf+html http://pcasacas.org/SiPC/33.2/Mukherjea.pdf http://pcasacas.org/SiPC/33.2/boyer.pdf http://www.nytimes.com/2009/07/02/fashion/02VAMPIRES.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0 http://www.jstor.org/stable/pdfplus/30035373.pdf?&acceptTC=true&jpdConfirm=true http://www.jstor.org/stable/pdfplus/10.1525/rep.2002.79.1.100.pdf?&acceptTC=true&jpdConfirm=true

http://books.google.com/books?id=0vupX0QwSlcC&pg=PA224&lpg=PA224&dq=Love+Bites:+Contempo rary+Women%E2%80%99s+Vampire+Fictions&source=bl&ots=cTfDOxD1Gs&sig=EKk2_9Qt5VrJ8iW2yYt QAWLaawE&hl=en&sa=X&ei=uA4NU8yRCIqNkAeQ44D4Cw&ved=0CDIQ6AEwAg#v=onepage&q=Love%2 0Bites%3A%20Contemporary%20Women%E2%80%99s%20Vampire%20Fictions&f=false file:///C:/Users/jdelain1/Downloads/thurber_dissertation.pdf