Facts about the Presidents

First President: George Washington Dates of Presidency: 1789-1797 Party Affiliation: None Other facts: Commander of Continental Army President of Constit tional Con!ention "nanimo sly elected t#ice Portrait on dollar $ill and % arter &mage on 't( ) shmore *ather of America Second President: +ohn Adams Dates of Presidency: 1797-18,1 Party Affiliation: *ederalist Other *acts: - ccessf lly defended .ritish soldiers acc sed of m rder in .oston 'assacre *ather of si/th 0resident Died on 1,th anni!ersary of Declaration of &nde0endence Third President: 2homas +efferson Dates of Presidency: 18,1-18,9 Party Affiliation: Democratic-)e0 $lican Other *acts: Primary a thor of the Declaration of &nde0endence 3irginia go!ernor *irst constit tional transfer of 0o#er $et#een 0olitical gro 0s P rchased 4o isiana from *rance Portrait on t#o dollar $ill and nic5el &mage on 't( ) shmore Died on the same day as +ohn Adams6+ ly 7th8 189: Mount Rushmore National Memorial Wor5ers sed drills and dynamite to car!e the faces of 0residents George Washington8 2homas +efferson8 2heodore )oose!elt8 and A$raham 4incoln into the granite #all of 'o nt ) shmore in -o th Da5ota;s .lac5 <ills( American sc l0tor G t=on .orgl m designed and s 0er!ised the #or5 on the memorial from 1997 ntil his death in 1971( .orgl m;s son8 4incoln8 directed the concl sion of the #or5(>?ncarta ?ncyclo0edia@ -o th Da5ota 2o rism A 199B-9,,B 'icrosoft Cor0oration( All rights reser!ed(C

Fourth President: +ames 'adison Dates of Presidency: 18,9-1817 Party Affiliation: Democratic-)e0 $lican Other *acts: Dno#n as E*ather of the Constit tionF President d ring War of 1819 Portrait on the G18,,, $ill -hortest President >1;7FC

Fifth President: +ames 'onroe Dates of Presidency: 1817-1891 Party Affiliation: Democratic-)e0 $lican Other *acts: 3irginia go!ernor Ca0t red *lorida from -0ain -igned 'isso ri Com0romise 'onroe Doctrine declared America closed to f rther foreign coloni=ation Died on + ly 78 18B1 >11th anni!ersary of Declaration of &nde0endenceC

Sixth President: +ohn H incy Adams Dates of Presidency: 1891-1899 Party Affiliation: Democratic-)e0 $lican Other *acts: -on of second President *irst President to $e 0hotogra0hed Was a mem$er of Congress for 18 years his term as President Won -crooge loo5-ali5e contest in high school

after

"nited -tates President +ames 'onroe sent General Andre# +ac5son to dri!e mem$ers of the -eminole nation o t of Georgia after a series of raids there in 1817( 2his 0ict re sho#s the ca0t re of -eminole chiefs d ring the cam0aign( A 199B-9,,B 'icrosoft Cor0oration( All rights reser!ed(

Seventh President: Andre# +ac5son Dates of Presidency: 1899-18B7 Party Affiliation: Democratic Other *acts: *irst President from a 0oor family War hero nic5named EOld <ic5oryF &ndian )emo!al Act forced migration of American &ndians *o nder of Democratic Party Portrait on G9, $ill

Eighth President: 'artin 3an . ren Dates of Presidency: 18B7-1871 Party Affiliation: Democratic Other *acts: Ne# Ior5 go!ernor )an for 0resident three times .elie!ed in small go!ernment <el0ed form first Political 'achine8 an organi=ation that trades fa!ors for !otes

Ninth President: William <enry <arrison Dates of Presidency: 1871 Party Affiliation: Whig Other *acts: &ndiana 2erritory go!ernor >18,,-1819C *irst Whig 0resident -econd oldest 0resident e!er elected >:8C Grandfather of 9Brd 0resident >.enJamin <arrisonC -er!ed the shortest term of all 0residents6one month *irst 0resident to die in office >died of 0ne monia in the White <o seC
"nited -tates President Andre# +ac5son ref sed to enforce a decision of the "(-( - 0reme Co rt in 18B9 that it #as illegal for the state of Georgia to remo!e the Chero5ee nation from their land( As a res lt8 in 18B8 federal soldiers forced most of the Chero5ee to march a$o t 1981 5m >a$o t 8,, miC from Georgia to &ndian 2erritory( 2his #as an area in #hat is no# O5lahoma8 set aside for Nati!e Americans #ho had $een li!ing east of the 'ississi00i )i!er( 2ho sands died on the march8 later 5no#n as the Trail of Tears8 #hich $egan in the midst of a dro ght and contin ed into a fierce #inter(Woolaroc ' se m8 .artles!ille8 O5lahoma A 199B-9,,B 'icrosoft Cor0oration( All rights reser!ed(

Tenth President: +ohn 2yler Dates of Presidency: 1871-1871 Party Affiliation: Whig Other *acts: 3irginia go!ernor *irst !ice 0resident to $ecome 0resident on death of 0redecessor EPresident #itho t a PartyF6Whigs se!ered ties *irst 0resident married #hile in office *irst im0eachment attem0t >failedC Eleventh President: +ames Dno/ Pol5 Dates of Presidency: 1871-1879 Party Affiliation: Democratic Other *acts: 2ennessee go!ernor -0ea5er of the <o se ?/tended nations $o ndaries to the Pacific *irst elected 0resident not to see5 reelection

Twelfth President: Kachary 2aylor Dates of Presidency: 1879-181, Party Affiliation: Whig Other *acts: -oldier for 7, years Called EOld )o gh and )eadyF $y troo0s Ne!er !oted ntil his o#n election *irst election to $e held at the same time in all states Died in White <o se after 1: months )elated $oth to +ames 'adison and )o$ert ?( 4ee

A $rilliant strategist8 American general Zachary Taylor re0eatedly led his troo0s to !ictory d ring the 'e/ican War >187:-1878C( &n his most nota$le !ictory8 the .attle of . ena 3ista in 18778 his forces #ere o tn m$ered three to one( <is s ccess on the $attlefield contri$ ted to his 0o0 larity8 and he #as elected 0resident of the "nited -tates in the follo#ing year( A 199B-9,,B 'icrosoft Cor0oration( All rights reser!ed(

Thirteenth President: 'illard *illmore Dates of Presidency: 181,-181B Party Affiliation: Whig Other *acts: 4ast Whig 0resident -igned Com0romise of 181, ?nforced * giti!e -la!e 4a#s >to #in fa!or of -o thernersC O0ened door of trade #ith +a0an >first time in history +a0an had trading relations #ith the #estern #orldC Fourteenth President: *ran5lin Pierce Dates of Presidency: 181B-1817 Party Affiliation: Democratic Other *acts: Ne# <am0shire senator at age B9 A00ointed +efferson Da!is -ecretary of War Attem0ted to sei=e C $a from -0ain P rchased land from 'e/ico >esta$lished 0resent $orderC Passed Dansas-Ne$ras5a Act8 n llifying 'isso ri Com0romise - 00osed to $e the most handsome of all 0residents Fifteenth President: +ames . chanan Dates of Presidency: 1817-18:1 Party Affiliation: Democratic Other *acts: Was the only $achelor 0resident 7, years 0rior ser!ice in Congress D ring his 0residency8 si/ sla!e states seceded to form Confederate -tates of America Prosla!ery 0resident@ im0ro0erly inter!ened in Dred Scott case Called a doughface >a derogatory la$el gi!en to northerners #ho held so thern !ie#sC ar!ers Ferry "nsurrection: &n 18198 d ring the administration of "nited -tates President +ames . chanan8 #hite a$olitionist +ohn .ro#n led a raid on the "(-( arsenal at <ar0ers *erry8 3irginia >no# in West 3irginiaC( &n this s5etch8 "(-( 'arines storm the arsenal8 #hich #as e!ent ally reca0t red( .ro#n8 #ho had ho0ed to s0 r a sla!e re!olt8 #as later con!icted of treason and hanged( A 199B-9,,B 'icrosoft Cor0oration( All rights reser!ed(