BME3101 Biomaterials Track

Lab Description October 22-26

Strength testing of biological tissue: Determine how a porcine aortic root responds to forces applied to it? Overview The lab will aid in your understanding of the Biomaterials Track concept. In this laboratory you will measure strength of biological tissue during uni-axial pulling by application of the Tinius Olsen Test Device. The laboratory will be designed and performed in groups of four students. The result of pulling experiment should be printed out, copied and attach to each students report. Each individual students understanding of the lab material will be assessed by an individually written laboratory report with analysis of the data collected as a team (to be clear, you will work together to do the lab, run the statistical analysis, and write the lab report, but it is considered academically dishonest if each student does not perform the test to gather his/her nine measurements). Each student is required to learn a general information about the Tinius Olsen Test Device capacities. Background and objectives Aortic valve disease affects millions of people worldwide. The most common treatment for aortic valve disease is the complete replacement of the aortic valve. During the surgery the aortic root (the part of the aorta that houses the aortic valve) is assessed by the surgeon and often replaced. Our biomedical engineering task is to determine how the aortic root responds to pulling force applied to it. Understanding how the aortic root responds will allow for the design of a better heart valve and an increased quality of life for thousands of patients. You will perform a strength test of a porcine (pigs) aortic root. In this test you will record the Stress and Strain response curve to applied pulling force. The lab experiment will aid in your understanding of the concepts involved in analysis of biological tissue data. The laboratory provides a more hands-on experience in Biomaterials Track. Challenge Your challenge is suggest the additional variables which will have potentially influence on strength measurements. Strength tests of biological tissue are complex and you may observe how many factors can have influence on resultant pulling test. Please note, that a sample position, grip, tissue orientation of a sample, angular position of tissue fibers, environment (temperature, humidity) during taking strength recordings, ALL have potential influence on strength test.
Dr. K. Gielo-Perczak, 10/15/2012 Page 1 of 3

BME3101 Biomaterials Track

Experimental approach

Lab Description October 22-26

Each student of a team will participate in the recordings of a one sample biological tissue strength test. Precautions Using the Tinius Olsen Testing Machine Wear Safety Glasses Pay attention to prepared measurement setup (Take a picture and describe the parts of the Tinius Olsen Testing Machine) What steps should be taken prior to testing material (provide a list of these steps in your report)

Handling of Biological Material Always wear gloves when handling tissue After testing return the tissue to its container for proper disposal DO NOT THROW TISSUE IN THE GARBAGE Wash all tools that come into contact with the tissue

Required analysis For the experiment, you must perform measurements the wall thickness of the aorta: 1) Measure the wall thickness of the aortic root and width of your sample at several locations to determine the average wall thickness. Measurement 1 2 3 4 5 Average T - Wall Thickness (mm) W- Width of a sample (mm)

Table 1: Wall thickness of the aortic root and width of a sample at several locations 2) Measure the initial length (li) of your sample which is equal to a distance between the grips (mm); li _______________[mm] 3) Print out load (Force) elongation diagram, Force = f(l)

Dr. K. Gielo-Perczak, 10/15/2012

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BME3101 Biomaterials Track

Lab Description October 22-26

4) Calculate a final length (lf) using formula lf = li + l [mm] at maximum Force, Fmax 5) Calculate max stress = (Fmax/A) [N/mm2]. Where the cross- sectional area A= T x W [mm2] 6) Calculate max strain e= (l /lf) [mm/mm] ; lf = li + l [mm] For your lab report (< 2 pages), you must describe measurement method and include the results. You should also discuss your conclusions based on your findings (i.e., what additional parameters can have on your strength tests results). We are considering that biological tissue is nonlinear and anisotropic material. Explain the definitions of nonlinearity and anisotropy of material. The report must be done individually.

Dr. K. Gielo-Perczak, 10/15/2012

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