INTRODUCTION Despite the lack of coverage by the vast majority of media outlets within the United States, there

have been countless instances of domestic terrorism within its borders, many of which have been responsible for the loss of human life. Violent acts of domestic terrorism stem from a multitude of motives that are commonplace throughout the world's many terrorist groups and individuals religious ideologies, racism, etc. !he United States, however, is home to a uni"ue act of violent terrorism that is rarely seen elsewhere# anti abortion violence. $lthough a great number of individuals carrying out their deeds as lone wolves have contributed to terrorism in the form of anti abortion violence, there has been no other organi%ed congregation for the sole purpose of opposing abortion by violent means than the terrorist group known as &$rmy of 'od(. $rmy of 'od holds the distinction of being he only instance of organi%ed anti abortion terrorism governed by a group leader, namely the group's current spokesman, )everend Donald Spit%. *n fact, Spit% does not consider himself the direct leader of $rmy of 'od, instead insisting that 'od, +imself, is &the 'eneral and ,ommander *n ,hief( of the organi%ation. $rmy of 'od is notorious for its acts of violence against several institutions and individuals, all of whom have been targeted for their involvement with the practice of abortion. -http#..www.start.umd.edu.tops.terrorist/organi%ation/profile.asp0id1234 5hile $rmy of 'od stands alone as the only organi%ed group of anti abortion terrorists within the United States, there are still other organi%ations that are held together loosely or without any governing that operate on the basis of combating abortion in the name of 'od. 6ne of the most well documented occurrences of such goes by the name of the 7hineas 7riesthood, which operates within the United States as well. -http#..www.start.umd.edu.tops.terrorist/organi%ation/profile.asp0id182994 Unlike $rmy of 'od, the 7hineas 7riesthood does not function under the governance of any particular group leader, but is instead a title given to the aggregate acts of violence at the hands of

individuals acting independently under a particular ideology. :ost individuals that have confessed as being self appointed members of the 7hineas 7riesthood did not act under the pretense of serving 'od for any one specific purpose, but rather each acted on the basis of a different motive, including anti semitism, anti abortion, racism, ;enophobia, etc. <or these reasons, it's important to note that while both terrorist groups operate under the name of a ,hristian or ,atholic 'od, their motives are vastly different in most cases. THE ARMY OF GOD 5hile the origins of $rmy of 'od are enigmatic, the earliest known documentation of violence carried out by the group occurred in =>32 when three individuals took hostage an abortion doctor -Dr. +ector ?evallos4 and his wife -)osalee @ean4 in 'ranite ,ity, *llinois. 5hile there were no fatalities, as both hostages were released unharmed, it marked the first foray into a series of escalating actions carried out by &$rmy of 'od.( -http#..chrestomathy.cofc.edu.documents.vol2.altum.pdf4 $fter the kidnapping of Dr. ?evallos and his wife, investigators were unsure just how serious of a threat &$rmy of 'od( was to public safety, and the matter was not deeply probed until a second incident occurred in =>3A. 6nce again, a set of three separate men acted on a self righteous mission from 'od to put a stop to the act of abortion. !his time, however, a more violent approach was taken the three men bombed seven abortion clinics across the Bastern seaboard of the United States in :aryland, Virginia, and 5ashington D.,. <ortunately, there were no casualties and minimal injuries, and all three men were apprehended, one of whom was identified as 7astor :ichael Cray, a current leader of the movement itself and the self appointed &,hamplain of the $rmy of 'od.( http#..www.start.umd.edu.tops.terrorist/organi%ation/profile.asp0id182994 $fter gaining national media attention, the $rmy of 'od started to gather a much stronger following across the country. $s a result, incidents involving the $rmy of 'od became far more fre"uent and increasingly more dangerous to those deemed to be enemies of the group. Several bombings and fires occurred across the United States at various abortion clinics during the =>3Ds, but

there was no true act of direct violence against another human being from the group until =>>8 when :ichael 'riffin, a self appointed agent of $rmy of 'od, killed Dr. David 'unn, an abortion doctor. !his created a new paradigm for members of the $rmy of 'od to achieve, and the action of killing a practitioner involved in the act of carrying out abortions became a horrifying trend within the group. -http#..chrestomathy.cofc.edu.documents.vol2.altum.pdf4 Unfortunately, yet unsurprisingly, a second violent crime was committed in the name of the $rmy of 'od the same year. $ &disciple( of 'riffin, a woman named Shelley Shannon, idoli%ed the action of the murderer, writing &E'riffinF didn't shoot :other !heresa, he shot a mass murderer such as Saddam +ussein or $dolf +itler.( Bventually, Shannon followed in her mentors' footsteps and took arms up against a Gansas abortionist, Dr. 'eorge !iller. Shannon shot Dr. !iller in both arms, injuring him, but ultimately failing to outright kill him. Shannon was apprehended and sentenced to twenty five years in prison. -http#..chrestomathy.cofc.edu.documents.vol2.altum.pdf4 Dr. :iller became a target of the movement for a second time on :ay 8=, 2DD> during Sunday service as his church. During the mass, another member of $rmy of 'od, Scott )oeder shot Dr. :iller through the eye, killing him instantly. )oeder is now serving life in prison, but he is also immortali%ed as an idol within the $rmy of 'od. $rmy of 'od's official website describes )oeder as an $merican +ero and a savior of unaborted babies for his actions. -http#..www.armyofgod.com.76,Scott)oeder*nde;7age.html4 Cy the mid nineties, $rmy of 'od was a well established threat, and was responsible for a great number of reprehensible acts of violence across the country. 7erhaps one of the most gruesome and telling of $rmy of 'od's deeds took place in what is now the home of the most anti abortion violence in the United States 7ensacola, <lorida. 6n @une 22, =>>9, 7aul +ill, a fervent activist in the anti abortion movement, stood outside a local 7ensacola abortion clinic and drew a shotgun as Dr. @ohn Critton pulled into the parking lot. +ill fired multiple times, but was unsuccessful in hitting his intended target, instead killing Dr. Critton's escort, @ames Carrett. +ill took "uick refuge behind a tree

in the parking lot, giving him time to reload his shotgun, and he again took aim at the panicked doctor. +ill's second barrage was this time successful in hitting Dr. Critton, which killed him instantly. -https#..www.youtube.com.playlist0list17H88DA$8,<$AD9I2<24 +ill was instantly apprehended after law enforcement arrived, and +ill offered no resistance while being resisted, instead confessing out loud to his crimes as though his actions were a righteous display of 'od's will. +ill was sentenced to death, and was e;ecuted by lethal injection in 2DD>. !o this day, members of the $rmy of 'od view 7aul +ill as a martyr and an &$merican +ero.( Until his e;ecution, +ill spent his time in prison advocating the killings of abortionists across the country, and served as an idol for other members of the $rmy of 'od. -https#..www.youtube.com.playlist0 list17H88DA$8,<$AD9I2<24 Serving time, or dying, in prison was commonplace among members of the $rmy of 'od who have carried out acts of terrorism in the name of their movement. :uch of the group's culture was conceived within the confines of prison walls, and the &official( handbook of the $rmy of 'od was written while 7astor :ichael Cray served seven years behind bars for his involvement in the bombings of several abortion clinics in the early =>3Ds. -http#..chrestomathy.cofc.edu.documents.vol2.altum.pdf4 !oday, however, Cray and his cohorts enjoy life outside of prison bars and continue to support violent actions against abortion in the name of 'od. *n fact, Cray has become so devoted to the cause that he hosts annual fundraisers for the $rmy of 'od. !hese fundraisers, named &!he 5hite )ose Can"uet(, consist of a gathering of the nation's most devoted and devout members of the $rmy of 'od. *t is interesting to note that, according to Cray, &!he 5hite )ose Can"uet( has its origins in 'ermany during the !hird )eich of 5orld 5ar **. :embers of these ban"uets consisted of 'erman citi%ens who stood in opposition of the current regime under $dolf +itler, and were eventually apprehended and killed for treason. *n that sense, it is likely that Cray and the majority of the $rmy of 'od's members view themselves as rebels in opposition to a fascist regime that supports the murder of unborn babies. -https#..www.youtube.com.playlist0list17H88DA$8,<$AD9I2<24

!his kind of indulgent, self righteous attitude is made apparent in abundance by one of the group's most outspoken activists, Cob Hokey of 6pp, $labama. 6utside of Hokey's home is a massive billboard featuring pictures of aborted fetuses accompanied by a message denouncing abortion. !his billboard was erected by Hokey himself and is but one display of his obsession with the cause. Hokey is perhaps most influential via his writings on the internet, which he uses as a soapbo; to reach out to others sharing his ideals and beliefs. 5hile Hokey denies having the desire to kill, he has been "uoted as saying &* do not believe 'od wants me to kill. +owever, if 'od does tell me to kill, * will kill.( Hokey has not committed any crime under the federal law, but he is a very strong advocate of those that have murdered in the name of 'od against abortion, as well as an advocate for any future killing done under the same pretenses. -https#..www.youtube.com.playlist0list17H88DA$8,<$AD9I2<24 Hokey has inspired many $mericans into joining the $rmy of 'od, some of which at a shockingly young age, like => year old @onathan 6'!oole. 6'!oole, who was mostly homeschooled for the majority of his young life, is an unabashedly outspoken advocate of violence against his enemies, whether it be those who are in opposition of the anti abortion movement, or even his schoolmates, as he has been "uoted saying he has has dreamed of entering his high school gymnasium with an automatic weapon, killing his classmates without guilt. -http#..chrestomathy.cofc.edu.documents.vol2.altum.pdf4 7eople like Cob Hokey and @onathan 6'!oole pose a significant risk to not only the safety of abortion practitioners, but even members of the public who are not linked to the cause in any way. ,ollateral damage from bombings and firearms have already occurred, as seen in the incident involving Dr. Critton, and there is no guarantee that the actions of a sociopath such as these can be confined to any one particular group of people. Cecause the $rmy of 'od has such deep rooted ideals taken from literal interpretations of the Cible, the enemies of this terrorist group are many in number and may not be condensed to just those who are involved with abortion. *n fact, the official website of $rmy of 'od showcases evidence that their hatred is e;tending to the homose;ual community, as well as other

religious groups aside from ,hristianity, such as *slam. $rticles on their website titled &!he +omo !imes( and &$llah Jews( mock and ridicule these groups of people, which is strong evidence of their branching veins of self made enemies. -http#..chrestomathy.cofc.edu.documents.vol2.altum.pdf4 PHINEAS PRIESTHOOD !he 7hineas 7riesthood has its origins as a literary invention of self proclaimed white supremacist and author of several works on the subject, )ichard Gelly +oskins. +oskins was born in =>23 in Hynchburg, Virginia, and he served in the United States $irforce during the Gorean 5ar. $fter his service, +oskins enrolled in Hynchburg ,ollege, earning his degree in +istory. -http#..archive.adl.org.learn.e;t/us.hoskins.html0 HB$)J/,at1B;tremismKHB$)J/Sub,at1B;tremism/in/$mericaK;picked12Kitem1+oskins4 *n the =>ADs, after the recent integration of blacks into public schools in Virgina, +oskins began his foray into writing racist works of literature, starting with his first work, Our Nordic Race, which +oskins described as &a short history of EourF Sa;on race,( which he self published in =>A3. 5ithin this work, his writing showcased a massive amount of racism, especially towards those of @ewish ancestry, calling them a &mi;ed race of :ongolian descent.( Bssentially, this marked painted a clear message of what +oskins wished to convey. -ttp#..archive.adl.org.learn.e;t/us.hoskins.html0 HB$)J/,at1B;tremismKHB$)J/Sub,at1B;tremism/in/$mericaK;picked12Kitem1+oskins4 +oskins published another work in =>>D, The Vigilantes of Christiandom: The Story of the Phineas Priesthood, which depicted a band of selfless avengers working under the will of 'od, known as the 7hineas 7riesthood. !he name is derived from a passage in the Cible, Jumbers 2A#L =8 which reads# Then an Israelite man brought into the camp a idianite !oman right before the eyes of oses and the !hole assembly of Israel !hile they !ere !eeping at the entrance to the tent of meeting" #hen Phinehas Son of $lea%ar, the son of &aron, the priest, sa! this, he left the assembly, too' a spear in his hand and follo!ed the Israelite into the tent" (e dro)e the spear into both of them, right through the Israelite man and into the !oman*s stomach" Then the plague

against the Israelites !as stopped+ but those !ho died in the plague numbered ,-,..." The /OR0 said to oses, 1Phinehas son of $lea%ar, the son of &aron, the priest, has turned my anger a!ay from the Israelites" Since he !as as %ealous for my honor among them as I am, I did not put an end to them in my %eal" Therefore tell him I am ma'ing my co)enant of peace !ith him" (e and his descendants !ill ha)e a co)enant of a lasting priesthood, because he !as %ealous for the honor of his 2od and made atonement for the Israelites"

!hese 7hineas 7riests were described as a !emplar like order of assassins who would kill those who in they eyes of +oskins betrayed 'od by way of race mi;ing with the descendants of Satan, the @ews. !hese 7riests were identified as a number of some of history's most famous icons, including )obin +ood, St. 'eorge, Ceowulf, Ging $rthur, @ohn 5ilkes Cooth, @esse @ames, )obert :atthews, 'ordon Gahl, and @ames Sheets. !hese members of the 7hineas 7riesthood followed a catchphrase of sorts that drew e;treme parallels to suicide by means of self righteousness throughout history# &s the 3ami'a%e is to the 4apanese &s the Shiite is to Islam &s the 5ionist is to the 4e! So the Phineas Priest is to Christiandom *n this sense, The Vigilantes of Christiandom: The Story of the Phineas Priesthood read like a twisted fantasy novel that fetishi%ed +oskins' religious and racist ideals. *ndeed, this fantasy drew in others who found sanctum in these ideals, and several acts of violence were carried out by individuals claiming to be members of the 7hineas 7riesthood. -&Bncyclopedia of 5hite 7ower# $ Sourcebook on the )adical )acist )ight(4 $s referenced from ARMY OF GOD, 7aul +ill commited an act of murder in =>>9 against Dr. Critton in 7ensacola, <lorida. 5hile +ill identified as a member of $rmy of 'od, he also drew inspiration from The Vigilantes of Christiandom: The Story of the Phineas Priesthood, tying him to the

writings of +oskins and the 7hineas 7riesthood. *n =>>L, a group of individuals trying to finance a &white revolution( robbed over two do%en banks. 6ne of the men, who was later identified as a member of the $ryan Crotherhood, was caught holding a copy of The Vigilantes of Christiandom: The Story of the Phineas Priesthood during the time these crimes were committed. Hater that same year, four men identifing themselves as 7hineas 7riests were arrested and convicted for several counts of bank robbery, as well as the bombing of a newspaper office and abortion clinic in Spokane, 5ashington. Jearing the end of the decade, in =>>>, a member of $ryan Jations, Cuford <urrow, opened fired on a group of children ad a @ewish community center in Hos $ngeles, ,alifornia and killed a <ilipino $merican postal worker. $fter thorough searching through <urrow's personal effects, copies of documents citing the 7hineas 7riests, including a copy of +oskins' The Vigilantes of Christiandom: The Story of the Phineas Priesthood was found. -http#..archive.adl.org.learn.e;t/us.hoskins.html0 HB$)J/,at1B;tremismKHB$)J/Sub,at1B;tremism/in/$mericaK;picked12Kitem1+oskins4 *t's abundantly clear that +oskins' perverted fantasy has amassed a following, and while there have not been any acts of terrorism under the name of the 7hineas 7riesthood in over a decade, the short time that the 7riesthood was active showcased a terrifying display of success under the guidelines of the group's motives. !his can be attributed to the fact that, because the 7riesthood had no true leader, and because the 7riesthood's following consisted of a few individuals that were predominantely part of other racist or anti Semitic groups, members of the 7riesthood can attack indiscriminately, without orders. -http#..www.start.umd.edu.tops.terrorist/organi%ation/profile.asp04 $lthough the 7riesthood is considered defunct, +oskins has as of December, 2DD9 remained active in his endeavors to further the white supremacist movement by way of his writing. 6ne of his most revered modern works is a regularly updated editorial outlining +oskins' racist ideals under the will of 'od, The (os'ins Report"6http:77archi)e"adl"org7learn7e8t9us7hos'ins"html: /$&RN9Cat;$8tremism</$&RN9SubCat;$8tremism9in9&merica<8pic'ed;,<item;(os'ins=

+oskins' publications of The (os'ins Report can be found archived online, and even a cursory glance at even one of +oskins' articles can send a chill down the reader's spine, as even after five decades of +oskin's debut into racist media, he continues to publish his agenda. *n some of his articles, it can be implied that +oskins may support the idea of genocide by way of war, similar to $dolf +itler's genocide of over si; million people during 5orld 5ar **. $n article published in 2DDL reads# &dolf (itler !as a Catholic" &s leader of the 2erman state he signed a concordant !ith the Pope in >?@- in !hich it !as agreed that he !ould protect Church assets in 2ermany in return for Catholic political endorsement and support" This treaty ga)e the people of Catholic &ustria, and the 2erman Catholic state of Aa)aria permission to !holeheartedly support ProtestantBCatholic 2ermany, but this same treaty concealed the ChurchCs imperati)e to regain Church lands in 2ermany !hich had been lost during the Reformation" It helps oneCs perspecti)e to remember that after 2ermanyCs defeat in >?-D B e)ery institution in that country !as turned upside do!n and inside out, e8cept one B the Catholic Church" #hile (itler and practically all top echelon National Socialists !ere Catholic, Catholics are also e8pendable !hen they stand in the !ay of Ethe greater good"E any ha)e follo!ed the !ay of 4oan of &rc and the Templars" (itler !as head of a go)ernment that ruled a ProtestantB Catholic nation that !as mostly Protestant" (is obligations !ere to the 2erman people B first B both Protestant and Catholic" In his !ritings he announced his intent to reta'e 2othic lands in Russia from !hich 2othicB2ermanic peoples had been dri)en, and settle 2ermans on them" This included the Protestant 2ermans" This could not be allo!ed" The ancient schism bet!een the $astern and #estern church had recently ended !ith the 4e!ish ta'eo)er of Russia in >?>F, and the 4e!s are the traditional surrogates of the Catholic Church"""" G"Remember the e8ample of the E assacre of the Hrench (uguenots"E One day all parties appro)ed of the marriage of the (uguenot leader and the sister of the Catholic 'ing" The ne8t, the Hrench Catholics recei)ed instructions to attac' (uguenots !here)er found and 'ill them all B men, !omen and children" They instantly obeyed, and in Paris alone D.,... !ere 'illed in one day" Hrom peace to !ar in an instant B are such things possible: 0oes lightning stri'e t!ice: -!he +oskins )eport# M2>2 !he Bmpire 5ar $gainst :an4 CONCLUSION !he United States suffers from more cases of domestic terrorism than almost all of our major media outlets lead us to believe. 7erhaps that is one source of the problem, and the lack of awareness leaves the majority of the public oblivious of the monstrosities their fellow citi%ens are capable of. :ore alarming than the lack of media coverage on these incidents may be the material being aired, written, and streamed into our lives every day. )ight wing media stations such as <o; Jews,

conservative figureheads like )ush Himbaugh and $le; @ones, and media darlings like the 5estboro Captist ,hurch are all given free reign to voice ;enophobic, racist, and socially retroactive opinions which reach tens of millions of $mericans on a daily basis. 5hat difference is there between hypothetical scenarios of torturing women's rights activists such as Sandra <luke on national television and radio, and the vitriolic writings of )ichard Gelly +oskins0 5ith the advent of the *nternet age, it's become commonplace for huge groups of people to come together and voice their opinions, beliefs, and ideals which would otherwise fall silent were there no community to have easy access to. $s seen with the $rmy of 'od, the internet provides an open forum for people within the anti abortion movement to speak freely about their desires, even to the point of advocating murder for their cause. !his is not to say that their right to free speech should be stifled, but it's merely an observation as to how a mob mentality that is so prevalent in terrorist groups has become startling easy to form and follow, as a few keystrokes in the comfort of one's home can potentially lead someone to act on what they've read and cause harm to their fellow humans. 5hile all of this remains nothing but the ramblings of a sociopathic racists, history as recent as the =>>Ds has shown that even the manuscripts born from the ideas of pure hatred can amass a cult of individuals willing to carry out the will of their idols with terrifying fervor and %eal. !he 7riesthood may be dead in the annals of history, but there will be others ready and willing to seek and destroy the enemies of a 'od they believe to be benevolent.