UNDER THE BONNET

When less is more

F
or centuries conventional wisdom has led us to believe more is more. While that may ring true for many things in life, when it comes to Twitter updates, plastic surgery, carbon emissions or the size of your cars engine, less really is more. Turbo Stratified Injection (TSI) engines embody this principle entirely and have proved to be a formidable opposition to larger capacity engines. Lighter, smaller and leaner, TSI engines still deliver all the power and performance that consumers demand and more. Its secret is reduced friction in a TSI engine, which in turn leads to a reduction in power loss. Being lighter, the engine also has less weight to shiftin the car. SMALLER ENGINE, MORE POWER The worldwide trend in the motor industry is making more with less. One innovative way of doing this is producing engines that provide the same performance using fewer kilowatts. With Formula One Racing setting the example at the highest class of competition, engine sizes are getting smaller. The 2013 season is the final year the series will use the current 2.4 litre V8 engine. From 2014 a 1.6 turbocharged V6 engine formula will replace it. Dr Rudolf Krebs, Head of Volkswagens engine development department, points out that being small has its evolutionary advantages.
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Smaller, lighter and way better, Volkswagens TSI engines perform better than larger capacity engines with a frugal appetite for fuel and no compromise on power
By Vanessa Papas

Theres a misconception that smaller engines equal less power. While the 1.4 TSI engine is very small in capacity relative to its output, dont be fooled by its size. We all know how ants can lift objects many, many times their own body weight. In much the same way, witha capacity of just 1.4 litres, the TSI engine manages to do the work of a 2.5 powerplant. It accomplishes this feat by being very good at efficiency. Efficiency basically refers to how much air you can actually get into an engine compared to that engines static capacity. More air means more power. SUPER CHARGED, TURBO CHARGED Volkswagens TSI engine range includes smaller capacity twin-charged engines, as well as larger capacity turbocharged engines. All TSI engines have a turbocharger but engines with a higher output also have a supercharger. The easiest way to get more air into an engine is to pressurise it with a special sort of pump and there are two types you can use: supercharger or turbocharger, Dr Krebs points out. Turbochargers run off an engines exhaust gases, which means they dont sap engine power but cause a delay before the exhaust gas pressure gets high enough to work the turbo, called turbo lag. Superchargers, on the other hand, run directly on engine power so they work immediately but constantly soak up engine power, making them less efficient. The best solution is combining the advantages of both supercharger and turbocharger, which effectively removes their disadvantages. Thats exactly what some TSI engines do. They use a supercharger for low engine revs and a turbocharger when it gets to higher revs. PACKS A PUNCH The TSI engine is a bit like a short stick of dynamite. It may be inconspicuous, but it has enough bang to burn up the road.

Engine size vs. output

KILOWATTS

75@5600 77@5600

TORQUE

148@3800 175@ 1550-4100

COMBINED FUEL CONSUMPTION

7.1/km 4.9/km

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TDI ENGINES ENSURE: Greater driving pleasure, excellent acceleration values and above-average driving performance Direct injection with common rail systems and piezo injectors for the most efficient injection pressures Volkswagen has moved from higher High overall efficiency through flexible injection times capacity engines of 1.6 litres into lower capacity Exhaust gas turbocharger with variable turbine geometry engines of 1.2 litres. Despite a smaller engine, it for high charge pressures through the entire rpm range still boasts a similar power output without adding a Effective offset of turbo lag supercharger engine. It increases your cars power and Superb engine output provides this power at lower revs. Generous torque curve Perhaps one of the best things about the TSI engine, is its dislike of petrol stations. While you get a better performing engine, fuel consumption is significantly lower, reducing CO2 emissions and helping pave the way to a greener future. Refined power development Comfort through smooth running Lowest consumption rates Multiple injection for optimised mixture formation and optimal combustion processes

Considerable reduction of emissions 1.4 VERSUS 1.6 TSI Effective diesel particulate filters When it comes to the 1.4 90kW TSI engine with twin-charging versus the 1.2 77kW High efficiency with greater power TSI engine with turbocharger both have their advantages. The special concept behind the Long intervals between servicing 1.4 TSI is the combination of direct petrol injection, dual-charging and downsizing. or maintenance With twin-charging, the engine is charged by a mechanical compressor and/or a Innovative and future-proof turbocharger. Downsizing is replacing a large-capacity engine with a power plant with smaller technologies with more displacement and/or fewer cylinders. This reduces the internal friction and the fuel consumption without the power or torque being reduced. The 1.2 77kW TSI, on the other hand, replaces the 1.6 75kW engine with intake manifold injection. Compared with the latter this engine achieves significantly better performance with significantly reduced fuel consumption and therefore lower CO2 emissions. TO NEW HEIGHTS Thunderstorms, deserts and wilderness, the Highveld boasts some of the most spectacular scenery and terrain but also some of the toughest. Volkswagen has subjected the TSI engine to over 50 000 hours of torturous testing to ensure maximum reliability. It also handles high altitude conditions with ease. A naturally aspirated engine (no turbocharger) loses between 10% and 17% of its claimed power in high altitude conditions; this is especially applicable to vehicles sold on the Highveld where altitudes range from 1500 metres to 2100 metres above sea level. The air is thinner at high altitudes therefore the airflow into the engine is also less dense than at sea level, and less effective at burning fuel. This means less power and torque.

AWARD-WINNING EXCELLENCE Since TSIs global launch, the revolutionary new Volkswagen 118kW 1.4 TSI engine has earned its right as a champion. TSI has been awarded: Winner of the Auto Motor und Sport Paul Pietsch Prize Innovation Award from Popular Science magazine Best New Engine in the International Engine of the Year Awards 2006 Winner of International Engine of the Year 2009 Winner of Best Green Engine 2009 Winner of Best Engine in the 1.0 to 1.4 litre category 2009 - 2012 Using twin-charging technology to optimise power and performance, and at the same time reducing fuel consumption and emissions, its no surprise that a panel of 65 automotive journalists from around the world all agreed Volkswagens TSI engine is not only the best engine in the world, but also the best engine for the world.

VOLKSWAGENS TSI RANGE

GOLF 7 1.2 BMT 6spd Manual 75kW 1.4 TSI Trendline BMT 6spd Manual 90kW 1.4 TSI Comfortline BMT 6spd Manual 90kW 1.4 TSI Comfortline BMT 7spd DSG 90kW 2.0 TDI Comfortline 5spd Manual 81kW 1.4 TSI Highline BMT 6spd Manual 103kW 2.0 TDI Highline BMT 6spd DSG 110kW 2.0 TSI Sport & Style DSG 155kW GOLF VI CABRIOLET 1.4 TSI Comfortline 1.4 TSI Comfortline DSG 1.4 TSI Highline 1.4 TSI Highline DSG 2.0 TSI GTI DSG 1.4 TSI Highline man 2.0 TSI Sportline man
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BEETLE 1.2 TSI Design Manual 1.4 TSI Sport Manual 1.4 TSI Sport DSG TIGUAN 1.4 TSI Trend & Fun 4x2 BMT 2.0 TDI Trend & Fun 4x2 BMT 1.4 TSI Trend & Fun 4x2 BMT 1.4 TSI Trend & Fun 4x2 BMT DSG 1.4 TSI Trend & Fun 4x4 2.0 TDI Track & Field DSG 2.0 TDI Sport & Style DSG SCIROCCO 1.4 TSI Highline man 2.0 TSI Sportline man 2.0 TSI Sportline DSG

77kW 118kW 118kW 90kW 81kW 118kW 110kW 118kW 103kW 103kW 118kW 155kW 155kW

TOUAREG 3.6 V6 FSI Tipt 206kW 3.0 V6 TDI BMT Tipt 180kW 3.0 V6 TDI BMT Tipt with Terrain Tech 180kW 4.2 V8 TDI Tipt 250kW JETTA 1.2 TSI Trendline 1.4 TSI Trendline 1.4 TSI Comfortline 1.4 TSI Comfortline DSG 1.6 TDI Comfortline 1.6 TDI Comfortline DSG 1.4 TSI Highline 2.0 TDI Highline 77kW 90kW 90kW 90kW 77kW 77kW 118kW 103kW

CC 2.0 TDI BMT DSG 2.0 TDI BMT DSG 2.0 TSI DSG 3.6 FSI V6 DSG 4Motion PASSAT 1.8 TSI Comfortline 1.8 TSI Comfortline DSG 2.0 TDI Comfortline 2.0 TDI Comfortline DSG CADDY 1.6i Trendline 2.0 TDI Trendline Maxi 2.0 TDI Trendline Maxi 2.0 TDI Trendline DSG

125kW 130kW 155kW 220kW 118kW 118kW 103kW 103kW 75kW 81kW 81kW 103kW

T5 Kombi 2.0 TDI SWB 75kW Kombi 2.0 TDI SWB 103kW Kombi 2.0 TDI LWB 75kW Caravelle 2.0 BiTDI 132kW Caravelle 2.0 BiTDI DSG 132kW Caravelle 2.0 BiTDI DSG 4MOTION 132kW Kombi 2.0 TDI LWB 103kW Kombi 2.0 TDI LWB DSG 103kW T5 CALIFORNIA BEACH 2.0 BiTDI 4MTO 2.0 BiTDI 4MTO DSG 132kW 132kW

NEW POLO HATCH Polo 1.2 TDI BlueMotion Polo 1.4 TSI GTI DSG NEW POLO SEDAN Polo 1.4i Trendline Polo 1.4i Comfortline Polo 1.6i Trendline Polo 1.6i Comfortline Polo 1.6i Comfortline Tipt Polo 1.6 TDI Comfortline NEW CROSS POLO Cross Polo 1.6 Cross Polo 1.6 TDI

55kW 132kW 63kW 63kW 77kW 77kW 77kW 77kW 77kW 77kW

NEW POLO HATCH Polo 1.4i Trendline Polo 1.4i Comfortline Polo 1.6i Trendline Polo 1.6i Comfortline Polo 1.6i Comfortline Tipt Polo 1.6 TDI Comfortline POLO VIVO SEDAN Polo Vivo 1.4 Base Polo Vivo 1.4 Blueline Polo Vivo 1.4 Trendline Polo Vivo 1.4 Trendline Tipt Polo Vivo 1.6 Base Polo Vivo 1.6 Trendline

63kW 63kW 77kW 77kW 77kW 77kW 55kW 55kW 63kW 63kW 77kW 77kW

POLO VIVO HATCH Polo Vivo 1.4 2-dr Base Polo Vivo 1.4 Base Polo Vivo 1.4 Zest Polo Vivo 1.4 BlueLine Polo Vivo 1.4 Trendline Polo Vivo 1.4 Trendline Tipt Polo Vivo 1.6 Base Polo Vivo 1.6 Trendline Polo Vivo 1.6 GT Polo Vivo 1.6 Maxx TOURAN 1.2 TSI Trendline manual 2.0 TDI Trendline manual 2.0 TDI Trendline DSG 1.4 TSI Highline manual
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55kW 55kW 55kW 55kW 63kW 63kW 77kW 77kW 77kW 77kW 77kW 81kW 81kW 103kW

90kW 90kW 118kW 118kW 155kW 118kW 155kW

BMT BlueMotion Technologies / DSG Direct Shift Gearbox / TSI Turbo Stratified Injection / TDI Turbo Diesel Injection