PROBLEM 11.

1
The motion of a particle is defined by the relation x = t 4 10t 2 + 8t + 12 , where x and t are expressed in inches and seconds, respectively. Determine the position, the velocity, and the acceleration of the particle when t = 1 s.

SOLUTION
x = t 4 10t 2 + 8t + 12

v= a=

dx = 4t 3 20t + 8 dt dv = 12t 2 20 dt
x = 11.00 in. v = 8.00 in./s a = 8.00 in./s 2

At t = 1 s,

x = 1 10 + 8 + 12 = 11 v = 4 20 + 8 = 8 a = 12 20 = 8

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PROBLEM 11.2
The motion of a particle is defined by the relation x = 2t 3 9t 2 + 12t + 10, where x and t are expressed in feet and seconds, respectively. Determine the time, the position, and the acceleration of the particle when v = 0.

SOLUTION
x = 2t 3 9t 2 + 12t + 10

Differentiating,

v=

dx = 6t 2 18t + 12 = 6(t 2 3t + 2) dt = 6(t 2)(t 1) dv = 12t 18 dt

a=

So v = 0 at t = 1 s and t = 2 s. At t = 1 s,
x1 = 2 9 + 12 + 10 = 15 a1 = 12 18 = 6 t = 1.000 s x1 = 15.00 ft a1 = 6.00 ft/s 2

At t = 2 s,
x2 = 2(2)3 9(2) 2 + 12(2) + 10 = 14 t = 2.00 s x2 = 14.00 ft a2 = (12)(2) 18 = 6 a2 = 6.00 ft/s 2

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PROBLEM 11.3
The vertical motion of mass A is defined by the relation x = 10 sin 2t + 15cos 2t + 100, where x and t are expressed in mm and seconds, respectively. Determine (a) the position, velocity and acceleration of A when t = 1 s, (b) the maximum velocity and acceleration of A.

SOLUTION
x = 10sin 2t + 15cos 2t + 100 v= a= dx = 20 cos 2t 30sin 2t dt dv = 40sin 2t 60 cos 2t dt x1 = 102.9 mm v1 = 35.6 mm/s a1 = 11.40 mm/s 2

For trigonometric functions set calculator to radians: (a) At t = 1 s.

x1 = 10sin 2 + 15cos 2 + 100 = 102.9 v1 = 20cos 2 30sin 2 = 35.6 a1 = 40sin 2 60 cos 2 = 11.40

(b) Maximum velocity occurs when a = 0.

40sin 2t 60cos 2t = 0 tan 2t = 60 = 1.5 40

2t = tan 1 (1.5) = 0.9828 and 0.9828 +

Reject the negative value. 2t = 2.1588

t = 1.0794 s t = 1.0794 s for vmax

so

vmax = 20cos(2.1588) 30sin(2.1588) = 36.056 vmax = 36.1 mm/s

Note that we could have also used

vmax = 202 + 302 = 36.056

by combining the sine and cosine terms. For amax we can take the derivative and set equal to zero or just combine the sine and cosine terms.
amax = 402 + 602 = 72.1 mm/s 2 amax = 72.1 mm/s 2

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PROBLEM 11.4
A loaded railroad car is rolling at a constant velocity when it couples with a spring and dashpot bumper system. After the coupling, the motion of the car is defined by the relation x = 60e4.8t sin16t where x and t are expressed in mm and seconds, respectively. Determine the position, the velocity and the acceleration of the railroad car when (a) t = 0, (b) t = 0.3 s.

SOLUTION
x = 60e4.8t sin16t dx = 60(4.8)e 4.8t sin16t + 60(16)e4.8t cos16t dt v = 288e4.8t sin16t + 960e 4.8t cos16t v=
a= dv = 1382.4e4.8t sin16t 4608e4.8t cos16t dt 4608e4.8t cos16t 15360e4.8t sin16t
x0 = 0 mm v0 = 960 mm/s a0 = 9220 mm/s 2

a = 13977.6e 4.8t sin16t 9216e4.8 cos16t

(a) At t = 0,

x0 = 0 v0 = 960 mm/s a0 = 9216 mm/s 2

(b) At t = 0.3 s,

e4.8t = e 1.44 = 0.23692 sin16t = sin 4.8 = 0.99616 cos16t = cos 4.8 = 0.08750 x0.3 = (60)(0.23692)(0.99616) = 14.16 v0.3 = (288)(0.23692)(0.99616) + (960)(0.23692)(0.08750) = 87.9 a0.3 = (13977.6)(0.23692)( 0.99616) (9216)(0.23692)(0.08750) = 3108 a0.3 = 3110 mm/s 2 v0.3 = 87.9 mm/s x0.3 = 14.16 mm

or 3.11 m/s 2

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PROBLEM 11.34
A motorist is traveling at 54 km/h when she observes that a traffic light 240 m ahead of her turns red. The traffic light is timed to stay red for 24 s. If the motorist wishes to pass the light without stopping just as it turns green again, determine (a) the required uniform deceleration of the car, (b) the speed of the car as it passes the light.

SOLUTION
Uniformly accelerated motion:
x0 = 0 v0 = 54 km/h = 15 m/s

(a)

x = x0 + v0t +

1 2 at 2

when t = 24s, x = 240 m:

240 m = 0 + (15 m/s)(24 s) + a = 0.4167 m/s 2 1 a (24 s)2 2 a = 0.417 m/s 2

(b)

v = v0 + a t

when t = 24s:
v = (15 m/s) + (0.4167 m/s)(24 s) v = 5.00 m/s v = 18.00 km/h

v = 18.00 km/h

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PROBLEM 11.36
A group of students launches a model rocket in the vertical direction. Based on tracking data, they determine that the altitude of the rocket was 89.6 ft at the end of the powered portion of the flight and that the rocket landed 16 s later. Knowing that the descent parachute failed to deploy so that the rocket fell freely to the ground after reaching its maximum altitude and assuming that g = 32.2 ft/s 2 , determine (a) the speed v1 of the rocket at the end of powered flight, (b) the maximum altitude reached by the rocket.

SOLUTION
(a) We have At tland , Then
y = y1 + v1t + y=0 1 2 at 2

0 = 89.6 ft + v1 (16 s) + 1 (32.2 ft/s 2 )(16 s) 2 2 v1 = 252 ft/s

2 v 2 = v1 + 2a( y y1 )

or (b) We have At Then or

y = ymax , v = 0 0 = (252 ft/s) 2 + 2( 32.2 ft/s 2 )( ymax 89.6) ft ymax = 1076 ft

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PROBLEM 11.37
A small package is released from rest at A and moves along the skate wheel conveyor ABCD. The package has a uniform acceleration of 4.8 m/s 2 as it moves down sections AB and CD, and its velocity is constant between B and C. If the velocity of the package at D is 7.2 m/s, determine (a) the distance d between C and D, (b) the time required for the package to reach D.

SOLUTION
(a) For A B and C D we have
2 v 2 = v0 + 2a( x x0 )

Then, at B

2 vBC = 0 + 2(4.8 m/s 2 )(3 0) m

= 28.8 m 2 /s 2

(vBC = 5.3666 m/s) d = xD xC

d = 2.40 m

and at D or or (b) For A B and C

2 2 vD = vBC + 2aCD ( xD xC )

(7.2 m/s)2 = (28.8 m 2 /s 2 ) + 2(4.8 m/s 2 ) d

D we have
v = v0 + at 5.3666 m/s = 0 + (4.8 m/s 2 )t AB t AB = 1.11804 s

Then A or and C or Now, for B or or Finally, or

7.2 m/s = 5.3666 m/s + (4.8 m/s 2 )tCD tCD = 0.38196 s xC = xB + vBC t BC 3 m = (5.3666 m/s)t BC t BC = 0.55901 s t D = t AB + t BC + tCD = (1.11804 + 0.55901 + 0.38196) s t D = 2.06 s

C, we have

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PROBLEM 11.43
Two automobiles A and B are approaching each other in adjacent highway lanes. At t = 0, A and B are 3200 ft apart, their speeds are v A = 65 mi/h and vB = 40 mi/h, and they are at Points P and Q, respectively. Knowing that A passes Point Q 40 s after B was there and that B passes Point P 42 s after A was there, determine (a) the uniform accelerations of A and B, (b) when the vehicles pass each other, (c) the speed of B at that time.

SOLUTION
(a) We have (x is positive At t = 40 s: Also, xB = 0 + (vB )0 t + (xB is positive At t = 42 s: or (b) When the cars pass each other Then (95.333 ft/s)t AB + or Solving (c) We have At t = t AB :
1 aB t 2 2 x A = 0 + (v A ) 0 t + 1 a At 2 2 (v A )0 = 65 mi/h = 95.33 ft/s

; origin at P.)
3200 m = (95.333 m/s)(40 s) + 1 a A (40 s) 2 2 a A = 0.767 ft/s 2

(vB )0 = 40 mi/h = 58.667 ft/s

; origin at Q.)
3200 ft = (58.667 ft/s)(42 s) + aB = 0.83447 ft/s 2 x A + xB = 3200 ft 1 aB (42 s) 2 2 aB = 0.834 ft/s 2

1 1 2 2 + (58.667 ft/s)t AB + (0.83447 ft/s 2 )t AB = 3200 ft (0.76667 ft/s)t AB 2 2

2 0.03390t AB + 154t AB 3200 = 0

t = 20.685 s and t = 4563 s vB = ( vB ) 0 + a B t vB = 58.667 ft/s + (0.83447 ft/s 2 )(20.685 s) = 75.927 ft/s

t>0

t AB = 20.7 s

vB = 51.8 mi/h

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PROBLEM 11.49
Slider block A moves to the left with a constant velocity of 6 m/s. Determine (a) the velocity of block B, (b) the velocity of portion D of the cable, (c) the relative velocity of portion C of the cable with respect to portion D.

SOLUTION
From the diagram, we have
x A + 3 yB = constant

Then and (a)

v A + 3vB = 0 a A + 3aB = 0

(1) (2)
6 m/s + 3vB = 0
v B = 2.00 m/s

Substituting into Eq. (1) or

(b)

From the diagram Then

yB + yD = constant vB + vD = 0
v D = 2.00 m/s

(c)

From the diagram Then Now

x A + yC = constant v A + vC = 0 vC = 6 m/s

vC/D = vC vD = (6 m/s) (2 m/s) = 8 m/s

vC/D = 8.00 m/s

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PROBLEM 11.55
Block C starts from rest at t = 0 and moves downward with a constant acceleration of 4 in./s2. Knowing that block B has a constant velocity of 3 in./s upward, determine (a) the time when the velocity of block A is zero, (b) the time when the velocity of block A is equal to the velocity of block D, (c) the change in position of block A after 5 s.

SOLUTION
From the diagram: Cord 1: Then and Cord 2: Then and
2 y A + 2 y B + yC = constant 2v A + 2vB + vC = 0 2a A + 2aB + aC = 0 ( y D y A ) + ( y D y B ) = constant 2vD v A v B = 0 2aD a A aB = 0

(1)

(2)

Use units of inches and seconds. Motion of block C:

vC = vC 0 + aC t = 0 + 4t where aC = 4 in./s 2 aB = 0 vB = 3 in./s;

Motion of block B: Motion of block A:

From (1) and (2),

1 1 v A = vB vC = 3 (4t ) = 3 2t in./s 2 2 1 1 a A = aB aC = 0 (4) = 2 in./s 2 2 2

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PROBLEM 11.55 (Continued)

(a)

Time when vB is zero.

3 2t = 0 t = 1.500 s

Motion of block D:

From (3),
vD = 1 1 1 1 v A + vB = (3 2t ) (3) = 1t 2 2 2 2 t = 3.00 s

(b)

Time when vA is equal to v0.

3 2t = t

(c)

Change in position of block A (t = 5 s).

y A = ( v A ) 0 t + 1 a At 2 2 1 = (3)(5) + (2)(5)2 = 10 in. 2

Change in position = 10.00 in.

PROPRIETARY MATERIAL. 2013 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this Manual may be displayed, reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the publisher, or used beyond the limited distribution to teachers and educators permitted by McGraw-Hill for their individual course preparation. If you are a student using this Manual, you are using it without permission. 72