Water Injection Systems Solutions

Providing solutions from front-end concept to complete turnkey supply

A BO U T

C A ME R O N

Cameron is a leading provider of ow equipment products, systems and services to worldwide oil, gas and process industries. Leveraging our global manufacturing, engineering and sales and service networks, Cameron works with drilling contractors, oil and gas producers and other process owners to control, direct, adjust, process, measure and compress pressures and ows. Cameron operates around the world from more than 300 locations, covering virtually all of the worlds oil and gas operating basins. Camerons Process & Compression Systems business segment provides separation and processing equipment services and solutions to global operators in the oil, gas, water and solids industries.

Introduction
For more than thirty years, Cameron has been a leader in designing turnkey water injection systems. Our experience extends from offshore to onshore applications, including xed structures and oating production facilities. Our product portfolio has been developed to address a wide variety of feed water conditions, including sea, river, aquifer and produced water for reinjection. Managing water quality for oil and gas production and processing is a complicated industry issue. With an emphasis on technology, research and development, we continue to develop technologies that reduce weight and space as well as provide performance improvements and reductions in both operating costs and capital expenditures. High-quality, cost-effective, reliable and environmentally friendly water solutions are mandatory to the successful operation of facilities worldwide. We will work closely with you to engineer solutions for various water quality treatment issues.

Biofouling Control

O2 Scavenger Biocide Antiscalant To Water Injection Manifold

Cartridge Filtration

Membrane System

Typical Water Injection System

From Lift Pumps

Coarse Strainer

Media Filtration or Ultrafiltration

De-oxygenation Reject to Overboard

Reject to Overboard

To Other Users

Media Filtration Microltration Filtration Process Reverse Osmosis Operating Pressures (barg) Particulate Range Size () Applications 15 to 80 Ions 5 to 25 1 to 5 1 <1 Small Particles 10 Bacteria Oil Emulsions Optical Microscope Human Eye Sand Particles 1000 Sand Algae and Protozoa Ultraltration Nanoltration

Filtration Spectrum
100

Molecules 0.001 0.01 Soluble

Macro Molecules 0.1

1.0

Viruses Colloids Albumin

Metal Ions Pesticides Visibility Electron Microscope

Metrol SEA-CELL Electrochlorinators

METROL SEA-CELL electrochlorinators generate hypochlorite from seawater through an in-situ electric process. Hypochlorite, one of the most effective oxidizing biocides in use today, is used to prevent life growth of all living organisms.

METROL SEA-SCREEN Coarse Strainers

On offshore platforms where space and weight are important, The METROL SEA-SCREEN strainer offers a more efficient filtration per unit area than competing units.  A robust, high-efficiency unit with a long and proven pedigree  Removes silt, plankton and algae, typically 98% of particles which are larger than 100 m  Uses spool assembly, incorporating tubular wedge-wire elements, held between two plates and housed within a pressure vessel

 Approved by BASEEFA for use in areas requiring certified electrical apparatus  Self-cleaning unit does not require acid treatment to maintain efficiency  Can be operated up to 100% of rated output through the use of phase angle controlled thyristor rectifiers Unique configuration of the SEA-CELL electrochlorinator  eliminates the requirement for secondary enclosures commonly used in other designs

 Backwashing is either automatic or manual  Efficient and effective requires very low volumes of backwash water

Media Filters
With no internal moving parts and minimal maintenance, Camerons media filters are designed to treat water with low operating costs, making them suitable for injection for secondary recovery. Capable of removing 98% of particles larger than 2 m  Proprietary internals are specifically designed to distribute and collect water evenly over the entire crosssection of the filter bed

BFCC Copper-Chlorine Systems

The BFCC system is a highly efficient compact copper-chlorine generator for the prevention of settlement and growth of biological organisms in water systems a proven anti-biofoulant control system.  No moving parts  No hydrogen tank required   Low CAPEX and OPEX No additional chemicals needed   Low power and maintenance requirements  Compact unit size

 No loss of efficiency during severe conditions when solids loadings are particularly high, such as during bloom periods  Designed to uphold your specified filtered water quality by ensuring a consistent media quality  The system is cleaned by utilizing a backwash initiated either by a timer or by a pre-set pressure drop across the media bed air scouring of the bed often is used to assist with the cleaning sequence

POLYMEM UF Ultrafiltration
Cameron is the exclusive provider of Polymem UF technology to the oil and gas industry. Polymem SA, France, are the developers and manufacturers of the ultrafiltration (UF) membrane elements. No need for additional consumable cartridge filters  Compact packaging of UF membrane within custommade modules

NATCO Sulfate-Removal System

Camerons NATCO sulfate-removal membrane systems are designed to remove divalent sulfate ions from seawater to the required level for injection. Sulfate-removal membranes can be used in two main areas. The first area is reservoir scale control, where the presence of certain salts in the formations (e.g., barium and strontium), in conjunction with the sulfate present in seawater, combine to form scale in the reservoir. The   Significant reduction in operating weight compared with traditional media and cartridge filters  High-quality treated water for injection or membrane separation is virtually independent of varying feed water quality  Utilizes a 0.01-m filtration threshold, so not only inorganic (mineral) particles, but also bacteria and viruses, are retained  The UF membrane is chlorine tolerant, so conventional prechlorination can be used for control of biofouling  Allows a reduction in quantity of downstream reverse osmosis (RO)/nanofiltration (NF)/sulfate reduction (SR) membranes  Requires only simple maintenance procedures, such as reduced frequency of cleaning and replacement of RO/NF/SR membranes second area is souring control, where sulfate-reducing bacteria present in the formation consume the sulfate in the seawater and produce H2S as a byproduct. H2S is acidic, corrosive and very detrimental to equipment operation and lifespan.

Camerons sulfate-removal systems come with a cleanin-place system for better membrane cleaning. The membranes are packaged in individual FRP housings and are placed in frames in a two-stage 2:1 configuration, depending on the required flow. 75% of the inlet flow is produced as a low-sulfate product stream.  Used in conjunction with other Cameron technologies (e.g., Polymem UF), design fluxes can be optimized to reduce the quantity of membranes and CAPEX  The sulfate removal membrane systems can be customized to meet unique project requirements  With the complete range of technologies that Cameron possesses, a full system process guarantee is available, rather than just for individual equipment items

Reverse Osmosis Systems

Cameron designs and builds desalination systems utilizing reverse osmosis (RO) membrane technology. Membrane systems are becoming an industry standard as customers seek cost-effective, reliable and environmentally friendly solutions. Camerons RO system removes a significant amount of the dissolved ionic species from the seawater. The process is similar to sulfate removal though only 50% of the inlet flow is produced as low salinity product. The process can be used in a number of ways to improve your performance.  Enhance oil recovery by injecting low-salinity water into the reservoir  Sulfate removal can be used in conjunction with RO to achieve a blended product satisfying both salinity and divalent salt criteria  Improve performance of desalters  Provide potable water  Reduce the need for chemicals and biocides by reducing consumption of washwater and post-conditioning to a pH level to avoid naphthenate scaling

Vacuum and Gas Strip Deaerators

We can employ several processes to remove dissolved oxygen from the feed water before it is injected into the reservoir. These include Camerons vacuum (VDX) and gas strip (GDX) systems.  Prevents corrosion of downstream plant and equipment and inhibit aerobic bacterial growth  Corrosion-resistant tower internals maximize mass transfer and give effective distribution and redistribution of the liquid phase  Can be used on FPSOs where motion is an important factor in the design of towers and internals

Aftermarket Services
Whatever, wherever, whenever you need help, CAMSERV provides the industrys largest aftermarket network and infrastructure, the most service locations worldwide, highly  Provide solutions where height and center of gravity are not major issues, as is often the case on large floating installations we continue to develop compact alternatives for use in deepwater environments  VDX and GDX systems can achieve levels of oxygen down to 50 ppb, so any additional removal of oxygen to 20 ppb will require the addition of some oxygenscavenging chemical trained OEM technicians and technology solutions that deliver new levels of efficiency and cost savings. Strategically located across the globe, the CAMSERV team is prepared to provide support from installation and commissioning through operations and maintenance,

Chemical Injection Packages

In order for all component parts of the water injection system to operate effectively, various chemicals need to be introduced at alternate points in the system.  A range of chemical injection packages to suit customer specifications  Chemicals include antifoams, oxygen scavengers, scale inhibitors, corrosion inhibitors and biocides  Filter aids encourage very small particles to form larger particles, which are more easily captured in the media Anti-scalants injected into the feed of sulfate-removal or  RO membrane systems prevent mineral scale from forming within the membranes as the salts become concentrated  Cleaning chemicals used on an intermittent basis clean the membrane (UF/NF/RO) systems spare and replacement parts, technical training, and process equipment audits and upgrades. Cameron has the people, the products, and the technologies to provide the highest quality support in achieving production targets.

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TH SAFETY AL A HE

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ENVIRONME N
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HSE Policy Statement At Cameron, we are committed ethically, nancially and personally to a working environment where no one gets hurt, nothing gets harmed.

CA

MERON

Cameron | METROL, NATCO, SEA-CELL and SEA-SCREEN are registered trademarks of Cameron. BFCC, CAMSERV, GDX, Polymem UF and VDX are trademarks of Cameron. | 8/13, AD00673P