Exp. No.

1
Basics of MATLAB

>>a1=sin(cos(exp(log(25))))+100*(55/7-1000*(tan(.23)))-100
a1 =
-2.2728e+004
>> a2=(3^4*log(126))/(7^3+115)+sqrt(920)+273^(1/3)+atan(pi/3)-pi
a2 =
35.3408

Exp. No. 2
Basic mathematical operations on matrices.
a=
22

70

57

30

93

81

38

11

10

>> b=[22 30 38;70 93 11;57 81 10]

b=
22

30

38

70

93

11

57

81

10

>> a1=a+b
a1 =
44 100

95

100 186

92

95

92

20

>> a1=a-b
a1 =
0
-40

40

19

70

-19 -70

>> a1=a*b
a1 =
8633

11787

2176

11787

16110

2973

2176

2973

1665

>> a1=a/b
a1 =
1.3224 -6.2418

7.5409

1.9125 -8.1537

9.8014

0.3443

6.5751 -7.5409

>> a1=a\b
a1 =
1.3224

1.9125

0.3443

-6.2418 -8.1537

6.5751

7.5409

9.8014 -7.5409

Exp. No.3
Transpose, Determinant and Inverse of a matrix
a=
10

-2

-1

-1

-2

10

-1

-1

-1

-1

10

-2

-1

-1

-2

10

>> a1=a'
a1 =

>> a2=det(a)
a2 =
8640
>> a3=inv(a)
a3 =
0.1083

0.0250

0.0167

0.0167

0.0250

0.1083

0.0167

0.0167

0.0167

0.0167

0.1083

0.0250

0.0167

0.0167

0.0250

0.1083

Exp. No.4
Solution of simultaneous algebraic equations by exact methods
Method 1: Gauss elimination method
% workout the number of equations.
a=input('enter the coefficient matrix');
b=input('enter the constant matrix');
N=length(b);
%gauss elimination
for column=1:(N-1)
%work on all the rows below diagonal element
for row=(column+1):N
%workout the value of d.
d=a(row,column)/a(column,column);
% do the row operation.
a(row,:)=a(row,:)-d*a(column,:);
b(row)=b(row)-d*b(column);
end %loop through rows.
end % loop through columns.
% back substitution.
for row=N:-1:1
x(row)=b(row);
for i=(row+1):N
x(row)=x(row)-a(row,i)*x(i);
end
x(row)=x(row)/a(row,row);
end % return the answer.
x=x'
return
x=x'
Run

Result of Method 1:
enter the coefficient matrix[10 -2 -1 -1; -2 10 -1 -1; -1 -1 10 -2; -1 -1
-2 10]
enter the constant matrix[3;15;27;-9]
x =
1.0000
2.0000
3.0000
0.0000

Method 2: Matrix Inverse method

>> a=[10 -2 -1 -1; -2 10 -1 -1; -1 -1 10 -2; -1 -1 -2 10]
a=
10

-2

-1

-1

-2

10

-1

-1

-1

-1

10

-2

-1

-1

-2

10

>> b=[3;15;27;-9]
b=
3
15
27
-9
>> a1=inv(a)*b
a1 =
1.0000
2.0000
3.0000
-0.0000

Exp. No. 5
Solution of simultaneous algebraic equations by iteration methods
Method 1: Jacobian Iteration
clear;clc;
format compact;
A = input(input the coefficient matrix:);
C = input(input the 7teratio matrix:);
n = length(C);
X = zeros(n,1);
Error_Value = ones(n,1);
for i=1:n;
j=1:n;
end
7teration = 0;
while max(Error_Value) > 0.001
7teration = 7teration+1;
Z=X;
for i=1:n;
j=1:n;
j(i)=[];
Xtemp=Z;
Xtemp(i) = [];
X(i) = (C(i) sum(A(i,j) * Xtemp)) / A(i,i);
end
Xsolution (:,7teration) = X
Error_Value = sqrt((X Z).^2);
end
The_required_matrix =[X]

Run:
Result of Method 1
input the coefficient matrix:[10 -2 -1 -1; -2 10 -1 -1; -1 -1 10 -2; -1 -1 -2 10]
input the constant matrix:[3;15;27;-9]
Iteration No=1
solution =
0.3000
1.5000
2.7000
-0.9000
Iteration No=2
solution =
0.7800

1.7400
2.7000
-0.1800
Iteration No=3
solution =
0.9000
1.9080
2.9160
-0.1080
Iteration No=4
solution =
0.9624
1.9608
2.9592
-0.0360
Iteration No=5
solution =
0.9845
1.9848
2.9851
-0.0158
Iteration No=6
solution =
0.9939
1.9938
2.9938
-0.0060
Iteration No=7

solution =
0.9975
1.9975
2.9976
-0.0025
Iteration No=8
solution =
0.9990
1.9990
2.9990
-0.0010
Iteration No=9
solution =
0.9996
1.9996
2.9996
-0.0004
The_required_matrix =
0.9996
1.9996
2.9996
-0.0004

Method 2: Gauss Seidal Iteration

clear;clc;
format compact;
A = input('input the coefficient matrix:');
C = input('input the connstant matrix:');
n = length(C);

X = zeros(n,1);
Error_Value = ones(n,1);
for i=1:n;
j=1:n;
end
itteration = 0;
while max(Error_Value) > 0.001
itteration = itteration+1;
Z=X;
for i=1:n;
j=1:n;
j(i)=[];
Xtemp=X;
Xtemp(i) = [];
X(i) = (C(i) - sum(A(i,j) * Xtemp)) / A(i,i);
end
Xsolution (:,itteration) = X
Error_Value = sqrt((X - Z).^2);
end
The_required_matrix =[X]

Run:
Result of Method 2:
input the coefficient matrix:[10 -2 -1 -1; -2 10 -1 -1; -1 -1 10 -2; -1 -1 -2 10]
input the connstant matrix:[3;15;27;-9]
Iteration No=1
solution =
0.3000
1.5600
2.8860
-0.1368
Iteration No=2
solution =
0.8869
1.9523
2.9566
-0.0248
Iteration No=3
solution =
0.9836
1.9899

2.9924
-0.0042
Iteration No=4
solution =
0.9968
1.9982
2.9987
-0.0008
Iteration No=5
solution =
0.9994
1.9997
2.9998
-0.0001
Iteration No=6
solution =
0.9999
1.9999
3.0000
-0.0000
The_required_matrix =
0.9999
1.9999
3.0000
-0.0000

Exp. No. 6
Solution of Ordinary Differential Equations
using Finite Difference Method
clear;clc;
format compact;
% Solution of ODEs using Finite Difference Method
% Example of 1-D steady state Heat conduction problem with Temp BCs
n=input('Enter the Number of nodes :');
a=zeros(n);
b=zeros(n,1);
% Governing Equation: Ti-1 - 2Ti + Ti+1 = 0
% Boundary conditions i) T1=100 ii) Tn=20
T1=100; Tn=20; j=0;
for i=2:(n-1)
j=j+1;
a(i,j)=1;
a(i,j+1)=-2;
a(i,j+2)=1;
b(i,1)=-a(i,1)*T1-a(i,n)*Tn;
end
for i=1:(n-2)
for j=1:(n-2)
af(i,j)=a(i+1,j+1);
bf(i,1)=b(i+1,1);
end
end
t=af\bf;
% Display Result
af
bf
t

Run
Result of method :1
Enter the Number of nodes :5
af =
-2

-2

-2

bf =
-100
0
-20
t=

80.0000
60.0000
40.0000

Result of method 2
Enter the Number of nodes :10
af =
-2

-2

-2

-2

-2

-2

-2

-2

bf =
-100
0
0
0
0
0
0
-10
t=
90.0000
80.0000
70.0000

60.0000
50.0000
40.0000
30.0000
20.0000

Exp. No. 7
Solution of Partial Differential Equations
using Finite Difference Method
clear;clc;
format long
%material=copper
%Thermal conductivity : K=4450w/m.k
%Density
: row=8940kg/cubic m.
%Specific heat
: cp=300J/kg.k
%diffusivity
: Alpha = K/(row*Cp)=1.659 e-3
alpha=1.659*10^-3;
n=input('enter the number of nodes:');
T=zeros(n);
T(1,:)=100; T(n,:)=20; T(2,1)=0; T(3,1)=0;T(4,1)=0; deltat=1; deltax=0.25;
for i=1:deltat:(n-1)
for j=2:(n-1)
T(j,i+deltat)=alpha*(deltat/((deltax)^2))*(T(j-1,i)-2*T(j,i)
+T(j+1,i))+T(j,i);
end
% for L=2:(n-1)
%
T(L,i+1)
%end
End

run
Exp. No. 7 result for first 5 iterations
enter the number of nodes:5
>> T
T=
1.0e+002 *
Columns 1 through 4
1.000000000000000 1.000000000000000 1.000000000000000 1.000000000000000
0
0.075501749259185
0
0.002446730284814
0
0.015118304228794

0.026544000000000 0.051678832128000
0

0.000845500723200

0.005308800000000 0.010335766425600

0.200000000000000 0.200000000000000 0.200000000000000 0.200000000000000

Column 5
1.000000000000000
0.098102458403194
0.004722256967238
0.019689449702576
0.200000000000000

Exp. No. 8
Numerical Integration

clear;clc;
format compact
%Problem 1: Find Integration of the function (2+5*Zeta) with in the limits
%
-1 to +1
%Problem 2: Find Integration of the function (2+5*Zeta-3*Zeta*Zeta) with in
%
the limits -1 to +1
a=input(enter the example number:);
b=input (Enter the Rule to be used for Numerical Integration :);
if a==1
if b==1
w1=2;
zeta1=0;
I11=w1*(2+5*zeta1)
else
w1=1;
w2=1;
zeta1=-1/3^(1/2);
zeta2=1/3^(1/2);
I12=w1*(2+5*zeta1)+w2*(2+5*zeta2)
end
else
if b==1
w1=2;
zeta1=0;
I21=w1*(2+5*zeta1-3*zeta1*zeta1)
else
w1=1;
w2=1;
zeta1=-1/3^(1/2);
zeta2=1/3^(1/2);
I22=w1*(2+5*zeta1-3*zeta1*zeta1)+w2*(2+5*zeta2-3*zeta2*zeta2)
end
end

Run

Exp. No. 8 result

enter the example number:1
Enter the Rule to be used for Numerical Integration :1
I11 =
4
enter the example number:1
Enter the Rule to be used for Numerical Integration :2
I12 =
4
enter the example number:2
Enter the Rule to be used for Numerical Integration :1
I21 =
4
enter the example number:2
Enter the Rule to be used for Numerical Integration :2
I22 =
2.000000000000000

Exp. No. 9

Line graphs and Surface plots

Line graphs
x=
Columns 1 through 4
0 0.104719755119660 0.209439510239320 0.314159265358979
Columns 5 through 8
0.418879020478639 0.523598775598299 0.628318530717959 0.733038285837618
Columns 9 through 12
0.837758040957278 0.942477796076938 1.047197551196598 1.151917306316257
Columns 13 through 16
1.256637061435917 1.361356816555577 1.466076571675237 1.570796326794897
Columns 17 through 20
1.675516081914556 1.780235837034216 1.884955592153876 1.989675347273536
Columns 21 through 24
2.094395102393195 2.199114857512855 2.303834612632515 2.408554367752175
Columns 25 through 28
2.513274122871835 2.617993877991494 2.722713633111154 2.827433388230814
Columns 29 through 32
2.932153143350473 3.036872898470133 3.141592653589793 3.246312408709453
Columns 33 through 36
3.351032163829113 3.455751918948772 3.560471674068432 3.665191429188092
Columns 37 through 40
3.769911184307752 3.874630939427412 3.979350694547072 4.084070449666731
Columns 41 through 44
4.188790204786391 4.293509959906051 4.398229715025710 4.502949470145371

Columns 45 through 48
4.607669225265030 4.712388980384690 4.817108735504350 4.921828490624010
Columns 49 through 52
5.026548245743669 5.131268000863329 5.235987755982989 5.340707511102648
Columns 53 through 56
5.445427266222308 5.550147021341968 5.654866776461628 5.759586531581287
Columns 57 through 60
5.864306286700947 5.969026041820607 6.073745796940266 6.178465552059927
Column 61
6.283185307179586
>> y1=sin(x)
y1 =
Columns 1 through 4
0 0.104528463267653 0.207911690817759 0.309016994374947
Columns 5 through 8
0.406736643075800 0.500000000000000 0.587785252292473 0.669130606358858
Columns 9 through 12
0.743144825477394 0.809016994374947 0.866025403784439 0.913545457642601
Columns 13 through 16
0.951056516295154 0.978147600733806 0.994521895368273 1.000000000000000
Columns 17 through 20
0.994521895368273 0.978147600733806 0.951056516295154 0.913545457642601
Columns 21 through 24
0.866025403784439 0.809016994374947 0.743144825477394 0.669130606358858
Columns 25 through 28
0.587785252292473 0.500000000000000 0.406736643075800 0.309016994374948
Columns 29 through 32

0.207911690817760 0.104528463267654 0.000000000000000 -0.104528463267654

Columns 33 through 36
-0.207911690817760 -0.309016994374947 -0.406736643075800 -0.500000000000000
Columns 37 through 40
-0.587785252292473 -0.669130606358858 -0.743144825477394 -0.809016994374947
Columns 41 through 44
-0.866025403784439 -0.913545457642601 -0.951056516295154 -0.978147600733806
Columns 45 through 48
-0.994521895368273 -1.000000000000000 -0.994521895368273 -0.978147600733806
Columns 49 through 52
-0.951056516295154 -0.913545457642601 -0.866025403784439 -0.809016994374948
Columns 53 through 56
-0.743144825477395 -0.669130606358858 -0.587785252292473 -0.500000000000000
Columns 57 through 60
-0.406736643075800 -0.309016994374948 -0.207911690817760 -0.104528463267653
Column 61
-0.000000000000000
>> y2=cos(x)
y2 =
Columns 1 through 4
1.000000000000000 0.994521895368273 0.978147600733806 0.951056516295154
Columns 5 through 8
0.913545457642601 0.866025403784439 0.809016994374947 0.743144825477394
Columns 9 through 12
0.669130606358858 0.587785252292473 0.500000000000000 0.406736643075800
Columns 13 through 16
0.309016994374947 0.207911690817759 0.104528463267654 0.000000000000000

Columns 17 through 20
-0.104528463267653 -0.207911690817759 -0.309016994374947 -0.406736643075800
Columns 21 through 24
-0.500000000000000 -0.587785252292473 -0.669130606358858 -0.743144825477394
Columns 25 through 28
-0.809016994374947 -0.866025403784438 -0.913545457642601 -0.951056516295154
Columns 29 through 32
-0.978147600733806 -0.994521895368273 -1.000000000000000 -0.994521895368273
Columns 33 through 36
-0.978147600733806 -0.951056516295154 -0.913545457642601 -0.866025403784439
Columns 37 through 40
-0.809016994374947 -0.743144825477394 -0.669130606358858 -0.587785252292473
Columns 41 through 44
-0.500000000000000 -0.406736643075800 -0.309016994374948 -0.207911690817759
Columns 45 through 48
-0.104528463267653 -0.000000000000000 0.104528463267654 0.207911690817759
Columns 49 through 52
0.309016994374947 0.406736643075801 0.500000000000000 0.587785252292473
Columns 53 through 56
0.669130606358858 0.743144825477394 0.809016994374947 0.866025403784438
Columns 57 through 60
0.913545457642601 0.951056516295154 0.978147600733806 0.994521895368273
Column 61
1.000000000000000
>> plot(y1,y2,'r --')

Surface Plots: