_o_ >.aj |II| qm|I| q8 _.:I g _> c> _c _,;n.

l
qloI _o_ q8 lo b> . _.o ,.o_ Og_b go oolc q:j g :
After - before - us soon us - which
Structure: hud + pust purticipiuI
EumpIes:
1- I hud wushed before I pruyed
Z- He went home ufter he hud finished his work
3- He hud euten the cuke which he bought
4- As soon us they hud bought u cur they drove to Rubut
b>Vo : o_I I b,a;I qloI _o_ no q:j lo l;lc _
l.I qloI rl.:I n; c> I
9ts rcercc csc

_o_ >.aj |II| ,oImI| g :g> g8g.o c> _c _,;n.l
_;a.aoI q8 lo _o_ q8 ol.:I . ,.o_ Og_b go q:j g _.o :
y - At - y the time - before - In,,Time - This time net,,
Structure: wiII + huve + pust purticipiuI
EumpIes:
1- At O'cIock I wiII huve Ieft schooI
Z- y June 10
th
we wiII huve tuken our finuI eum
3- y the time I get my Visu I wiII huve truveIed ubroud
4- In five yeurs time I wiII huve got murried
- I wiII huve gone to bed before 11 O'cIock
- This time net month we wiII huve gruduuted
7- When the teucher is he wiII huve retired
b>Vo : . ;a.l; " When " _o_ o_al;o lgl.j lo lo:Io
b,a;I qloI . l.I qloI _o_ on; _o q:j :
|uuec rcercc csc

lolI qs,I| : loglno llcl8 OgSj q.I lo>I g
lI qs,I| : Vg>o llcl8 OgSj q.I lo>I g ,oVI _,l8 g
Ahmed broke the window yesterday
glnol ,.;o lo>I o active g g glno l,8 _claI OV Oo g
Ahmed
The window was broken yesterday {by ahmed)
Ug>ol ,.;o lo>I o passive llcl8 OV Oo g Ahmed Ug>o
; UgnaoI OlSo _> g .; l8g;ao " by "

Passive Active
Letters ure written AIi writes Ietters
The Iesson wus written Hodu wrote the Iesson
A cur wiII be bought SuIeh wiII bye u cur
Ahmed is being heIped khuIed is heIping Ahmed
The uppIe hus been euten She hus euten the uppIe
Are Iessons written? Does student write the Iessons?
Wus the cuke euten? Did she eut the cuke?
WiII u new cur be bought? WiII your futher buy u new cur?
Why is this being done? Why ure you doing this?
y whom the window wus broken? Who broke the window?

Acvc rtssvc vocc

dLmI| dlI| : ln8 u>j l;;a q.a: >,.: : q.I lo>I q
>,..I o @a>.. . __.a l. g 3 ba8 Ig: :

ConditionuI 1
Structure: If + Subgect + SimpIe present /
Subgect + WiII {not} + Verb infinitive
,:lSo| _c _;nj
rqa cg>
q8 _;a.aoI
EumpIe: If I get my driving Iicense
net yeur I wiII buy u cur
g Vl> u.S .aI q8 8l,aI >_ _lc
l;aoI . _.a Oga o_l,a
ConditionuI Z
Structure: If + Subgect + SimpIe pust / Subgect
+ WouId {n't} + Verb infinitive
l> _c _;nj
q8 .I u8g
_l>
EumpIe: If peopIe drove curefuIIy they wouId
be more sufe
g ol8 8 _>; _l.I Og:gS,a l:lo _.S
ConditionuI 3
Structure: If + Subgect + Hud {n't} + pust
purticipiuI / Subgect + WouId {n't} huve + pust
purticipiuI
l> _c _;nj
u8g q8 .I
o _
EumpIe: If the test hud been eusier I wouId
huve got u good murk
g OlS Va Ol>.o$I . u.S 8 ul> oVc _lc
o,>

Coooti

_c _,;n.l ulo osI| d|o cmo g _oV ;,>o l.>,.: u:lS g
o,>g l.;8lc . ,:VI cI_l;nI _on.a: :
If onIy - I wish - I shouId huve - I ought to huve
.I l> Ul.o : _j_>VI :l: c_ _,>.I q8 uj_o.aI . _|
>Vc _>_j V I Olb_aI rIo q.;l O
EumpIes:
- If onIy / I wish I hud given up smoking
- q..,lj unl8 _,>.I _c
- I shouId huve / I ought to huve tuken the udvice
- q; _>VI _o OlS >I O _j_>VI :l.;
bcoeco rts tcos

osI| I| : ; _l;>$I g la: q8 VSI u>l _c _>aI ,8 ug.j I _al;oI _,c VSI g


Direct Indirect
I Iive in Rubut now He suid thut he Iived in Rubut then
We ure huppy here He suid thut they were huppy there
We ure pIuying footbuII toduy He suid thut they were pIuying footbuII thut duy
I wiII see you tomorrow He suid thut he wouId see me the net duy
I huve been in the schooI Iibrury yesterduy He suid thut he hud been in the schooI Iibrury the duy before
I shouId tuke this medicine He suid thut he shouId tuke thut medicine
Whut is your nume? He usked me whut my nume wus
Why ure you Iute? He usked me why I wus Iute
Where do you Iive? He usked me where I Iived
Are you okuy ? He usked me if/whether I wus okuy
Do you go to schooI? He usked me if/whether I went to schooI

bcroeco srcccu