New Era University

COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCES PSYCHOLOGY PROGRAM

Television can in fact be very informative and an asset to one's education. For instance there are many intellectual programs, The History Channel, The Discovery Channel, etc. In fact many channels are established for educational purposes alone. Television can also be a great tool for entertainment and education. Parents are responsible for limiting the amount of television one watches in terms of maintaining productivity. If TV at any way interferes with one's success, individuals have the right and self-authority to monitor their TV intake to an appropriate level (klifesafari, Jan 2013). It may be argued that allowing children to watch television may actually provide some cognitive benefits. There is no doubt that children can learn about knowledge of animals and plants from the nature shows, get the news about the world to open their eyesight on the evening news and made them relaxing from the funny shows or cartoonof course, TV is a good educator and entertainment tool. However, compared to the undesirable influence to the children, the arguments cannot hold the water. The nature shows and cartoon programs, as known to us, are performed at fixed time that some children may not watch television on this period or they dont like the program sometimes. What if they change the program with one full of violence or other inappropriate information? How sure we can be whether the violence would make a bad impression on their mind, or if they lean bad behaviors like drinking and smoking from the television? It is commanded, The impact of TV violence may be immediately evident in the child's behavior or may surface years later from children and violence (2002, No. 13). Children cannot tell the difference between incorrect things and have less control of them when learning from the television. Thus, it is dangerous to children to learn bad behaviors from the television because these behaviors may destroy their life (haidyjing, Nov 2010,studymode).

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New Era University

COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCES PSYCHOLOGY PROGRAM

In a study done carried out by Columbia University and the New York State Psychiatric Institute in 2002 children who watched between one and three hours of children's television programmes each week had a higher chance of growing up to commit violent acts than those who watched less than an hour of childrens TV a day. Now although this study is based on children's television it raises questions as to what adult content a child should watch. Already we get reports of violent attacks by children and sexual assaults on children by children being exposed to things at a younger age than they should have been (Nanette Asimov, March 2002). The problem with violent or sexual material being viewed by children is not that they necessarily lead to "anti-social" behaviors but that they are having an affect on society as a whole. Younger and younger children are viewing what some deem inappropriate materials and are coming out on the other side completely desensitized to human suffering (debatewise.org). Three major effects have been proven by psychological research caused by children seeing violence on television are that the child may become less sensitive to the pain and suffering of others; children who watch violence do not fear violence nor are they bothered by violence in general and the children are more likely to become aggressive or use harmful actions towards others. When we are born we have the capacity for motivation, experience, and training, and because of this our minds are very impressionable. Our brains development is a dynamic mix of nature and nurture, so it is important to choose a healthy environment for all children. This means cartoons with violence will be unhealthy for a child because in general, being interactive with any environment enhances the development of a successful brain. As a result, a tremendous amount of

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New Era University

COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCES PSYCHOLOGY PROGRAM

childhood involvement with electronic media can limit social interaction and may obstruct the development of a brains social systems (Stevie Hossler,Nov 2004). It has been proving that children on average watch 4 hours or television a day. And because of this false sense of reality for every hour of TV viewed per day, the risk of injury rose by about 34% in the children studied. (Website) As a child growing up I know I looked up to and wanted to be like the super heroes in the cartoons I watched (Brandon Ybarra,Nov 2004). Parents urged to monitor kids TV viewing Parents should always monitor and ensure that their children are watching appropriate television shows for their age, said Anak TV Secretary General Mag Cruz Hatol. Anak TV is an organization advocating for child-friendly programs to be shown over Philippine television. They also advocate television stations to produce more Filipino-based children show. Most of the shows now had violent contents that are not suitable for children, said Hatol during the press launching of the Sinebata Festival. Which is why we are asking producers and television stations to once again produce television shows for kids that are Filipino-based; but sadly our television is now penetrated by Western-based children shows like Barney, Dora, Sesame Street and this gives impression to the children that they are from other places and not Filipinos, said Hatol. That is one of the reasons why only few children shows exist right now unlike before that almost every day there are children shows produced by Filipinos shown over
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COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCES PSYCHOLOGY PROGRAM television, Hatol explained. With the popularity of telenovelas, Hatol advised parents and adults to be keen in supervising children while they are watching television. The Philippine government makes a law for the safety of the young viewers Sen. Manuel Villar Jr. has filed a bill banning the broadcast of programs that contain scenes considered extremely violent for children during daytime. Senate Bill 2441 mandates the Movie and Television Review and Classification Board (MTRCB) and the National Telecommunications Commission (NTC) to establish rules for blocking violent programs during daytime. Villar noted that the MTRCB charter does not authorize it to prescribe ratings for violence in television programming and rules for signals containing specifications for blocking programs with violence. Republic Act 7925, also known as the Public Telecommunication Policy Act of the Philippines, which prescribes the functions, powers and duties of the NTC, also does not have provisions for these functions Villar cited reports from the Journal of the American Medical Association about the adverse effects of violence in television programs on the development of children.

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New Era University

COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCES PSYCHOLOGY PROGRAM

Theoretical Framework Television nowadays affected viewers especially children. Leading reasons of change in behaviour in children. The shows and programs in television may be the source for modelling the behaviour of the viewers. According to Albert Bandura, the social cognitive theory, this theory focuses on the environment and the influence of others. Which he example by his experiment in mimicking behaviour using a bobo doll experiment. In his experiment the children mimic the behaviour but that nots good. Mimicking behaviour found in cartoons, symbols and the media. The second way to mimic behaviour is by acting out what is seen in symbols, characters on TV, cartoon characters, actors, things seen in movies or read in books, or read in the newspaper, and so on.One of the influences of changing behaviour when a child feel satisfied with his/her learned behaviour and praised by someone. The learned behaviour will be concrete and it will be lead of change in behaviour. When Bandura's social cognitive theory, which suggests that children learn through observation, is extended to television viewing, it would seem to indicate that children would learn aggressive behaviour through observation of violence on television. It also means that if children observe positive behaviours in television programming, they should emulate those behaviours as well. Bandura's theory states that when children see behaviour modelled, they will accept it and use it when they deem it appropriate. It also explains the need for positive role models on television for children.

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COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCES PSYCHOLOGY PROGRAM

According to Hoffner (1996), Bandura's theory of behaviours learned by observation means that young viewers have to identify with the characters to model either pro-social or violent behaviour. In other words, if a child observes television characters that she or he perceives as being similar to her or himself, that child will be more likely to behave in a manner similar to those characters. He believed that behaviourism alone could not explain all that be observed. He believed that behaviour and the environment affected each other. He called this phenomenon reciprocal determination. He extended his theory by braiding in a persons personality with behaviour and the environment. After his acknowledgement of mental images, his behaviourism philosophy turned to cognitivism. The beginning of cognitivism leads to his expanded research on language acquisition, learning, and selfregulation. The changes Bandura observed in a childs behaviour after watching an adult show aggression triggered him to his social learning theory. Bandura continued research with other objects, and even humans, receiving the aggression. He also experimented with and without rewards and punishments.

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COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCES PSYCHOLOGY PROGRAM

Research Paradigm

Watching of Goin Bulilit Impact on their Social Relationship Frequency of watching Goin Bulilit

Figure 1.1 Goin Bulilit a children television show may impact the social relationship of a child with their family, friends and peers. It also influences the values that they hold. There are some strategies that can help them to avoid negative effects of the children show to the social relationship of the students like parents guidance, self -awareness and knowing their limitations.

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