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Boundary layer flow over a Wedge with blowing and suction is discussed here. Here, the boundary
layer fluid is crossing the wall surface with normal velocity v0 (x) at y=0. Blowing refers to positive value
of v0 that is injection of fluid particles (Assumption: The same type of fluid is being injected) from the
wall into the boundary layer. Negative v0 values are referred to as Suction, removal of some of the
boundary layer fluid by forcing it to flow through the porous surface of the wall.
U is cosidered to be varying with x as cxm . The surface is isothermal and the fluid flows that crosses
this surface with normal veclocity v0 has temperature T0 .
Similarity solution tranaformation for this problem statement can only be developed if v0 is varies as
x
Hm-1L
2
Let us first solve the Boundary layer equation for flow over a wedge with Blowing and Suction.
= y*
*x ;
u
U
= f'@D*L
1.nb
FullSimplify@PowerExpand@D@, xDDD
y
2 x32
= FullSimplifyBPowerExpandBu *
y
fB
u@x_, y_D = y HL
u f B
fB
2x
u - y u f B
expr@3D =
FullSimplify@u@x, yD * D@u@x, yD, xD + v@x, yD * D@u@x, yD, yD - * D@u@x, yD, 8y, 2<DD
1
u2 fB
2x
F fB
f@D f @D + 2 fH3L @D 0
y
fB
F fB
F + 2 fH3L B
F + 2 fH3L B
u
x
F0
Clear@, f, u, v, D
= y*
*x ;
u = c * x ^ m;
= FullSimplifyBPowerExpandBu *
c x 2 H-1+mL y
1
1+m
c x
fB
u@x_, y_D = y HL
1
c x2
H-1+mL+
1+m
2
f B
c x 2 H-1+mL y
1
* x u f@DFF
1.nb
H-1+mL
c x 2 H-1+mL y
1
fB
F-
1
2
c H- 1 + mL x
-1+m
yfB
c x 2 H-1+mL y
1
v@x, 0D
c H1 + mL x 2 H-1+mL
ManipulateBPlotB2
f@0D
c H1 + mL x 2 H-1+mL
f@0D
-0.10
-0.15
-0.20
In order to use f[0] as a constant in ODEs next to f`[0]=0 and f`[]=1 as a boundary condition, v0 must
vary as xHm-1L2 . For example, if the free stream is parallel to the flat wall that is m=0, v0 must decrease
-1
as x 2 .v0 depends on c,m, and f[0] and out of these parameters only m is of utmost importance since
it is responsible for change is the shape of the V0 as shown
c
m
f@0D
-0.53
-0.54
-0.55
In order to use f[0] as a constant in ODEs next to f`[0]=0 and f`[]=1 as a boundary condition, v0 must
Hm-1L2
. For example, if the free stream is parallel to the flat wall that is m=0, v0 must decrease
1.nbvary as x
-1
as x 2 .v0 depends on c,m, and f[0] and out of these parameters only m is of utmost importance since
it is responsible for change is the shape of the V0 as shown
c
m
f@0D
-0.53
-0.54
-0.55
-0.56
-0.57
-0.58
-1+2 m
c x
2
2mfB
c x 2 H-1+mL y
1
F - H1 + mL fB
2
c x 2 H-1+mL y
1
Ff B
c x 2 H-1+mL y
1
-1+2 m
c x
H3L
m+f
c x 2 H-1+mL y
1
c H1 + mL x
c x 2 H-1+mL y
1
-1+m
fB
FB
c x 2 H-1+mL y
1
c xm y
x
1.nb
cx
H1 + mL fB
c x 2 H-1+mL y
1
expr@6D . 9c x-1+m 1=
c x 2 H-1+mL y
1
H1 + mL fB
FB
FB
c x 2 H-1+mL y
c x 2 H-1+mL y
1
F + 2 Pr B
F + 2 Pr B
c xm y
x
c xm y
x
F 0
F0
Clear@f, , , D
D@y@xD, 8x, 3<D Hm 2L * HHD@y@xD, xDL ^ 2 - 1L - HHm + 1L 2L * y@xD * HD@y@xD, 8x, 2<DL ^ 2
yH3L @xD
1
2
m I- 1 + y @xD2 M -
1
2
H1 + mL y@xD y@xD2
y@0D = 0;
y '@0D = 0;
y ''@0D = 1; H* This is the First assumed value of y''@0D
ODEs with Shooting Method for Velocity Boundary Layer Solution over different Wedge Angle and Blowing/ Suction
Paramter
1.nb
-1.`
0.8
-0.75`
-0.5`
0.6
-0.25`
0.`
0.25`
0.4
Velocity Profile u U
with varying Blowing
Paramter { f[0] is varied
from -1 to 1 and Wedge
angle is constant = 0
0.2
0.5`
0.75`
1.`
It is clearly evident from these plots that as we increase the suction paramters {f[0]
being negative } , boundary layer thickness reduces. For k=-1, thickness is minimum while for k=1 ,it is maximum.
Plot@Evaluate@Flatten@Table@D@f@D . solution@ . solution1@DD, 8, 1<D,
8, 0.25, 0.25<, 8k, - 0.5, 0.75, 0.25<DD . xD, 8x, 0, 5<,
PlotLegends Range@0, 1, 0.25D, ImageSize 800, Filling TrueD
1.nb
2.5
2.0
1.5
Velocity Profile u U
with varying Blowing
Paramter { f[0] is varied
from --0.50 to 0.75 and
Wedge angle is constant
= 0.25
0.`
0.25`
0.5`
0.75`
1.0
1.`
0.5
1.2
1.0
0.8
Velocity Profile u U
with varying Blowing
Paramter { f[0] is varied
from -0.50 to 0.75 and
Wedge angle is constant
= -0.25
0.`
0.25`
0.5`
0.75`
0.6
1.`
0.4
0.2
1.nb
1.5
0.
1.0
0.25
0.5
0.75
1.
0.5
1.5
1.0
0.25`
0.5`
0.75`
1.`
0.5
1.nb
Plot@
Evaluate@Flatten@Table@D@f@D . solution@ . solution1@DD, 8, 1<D, 8, - 1, - 1<,
8k, - 0.5, 0.75, 0.25<DD . xD, 8x, 0, 5<,
PlotLegends Range@0, 1, 0.25D, ImageSize 800, Filling TrueD
Velocity Profile u U
with varying Blowing
Paramter { f[0] is varied
from -0.50 to 0.75 and
Wedge angle is constant
= -1
1.5
1.0
0.`
0.25`
0.5`
0.75`
1.`
0.5
pltSkinFriction =
Plot@Evaluate@Flatten@Table@D@f@D . sol@ . sol1@, kDD, 8, 2<D,
8, - 0.5, 1, 0.25<, 8k, 0, 0<DD . xD, 8x, 0, 5<,
PlotLegends Range@0, 1, 0.25D, Filling True, ImageSize 800D
1.0
0.5
0.`
0.25`
0.5`
1
0.75`
1.`
-0.5
-1.0
10
1.nb
pltSkinFriction =
Plot@Evaluate@Flatten@Table@D@f@D . sol@ . sol1@, kDD, 8, 2<D,
8, 0, 0<, 8k, - 1, 1, 0.25<DD . xD, 8x, 0, 5<,
PlotLegends Range@- 1, 1, 0.25D, Filling True, ImageSize 800D
1.4
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.6
-1.`
-0.75`
-0.5`
-0.25`
0.`
0.25`
0.5`
0.4
0.75`
1.`
0.2
-0.5`
-0.25`
0.`
0.25`
0.5`
1
0.75`
1.`
-2
-4
1.nb
11
Plot@Evaluate@
Flatten@Table@@D . solThemal@ . sol1@DD, 8, - 0.5, 1, 0.25<, 8k, 0, 0<DD .
xD, 8x, 0, 4<, PlotLegends Range@0, 1, 0.25D, ImageSize 800,
AxesLabel 8, @D<, PlotLabel @D, LabelStyle RedD
HL
HL
1.0
0.8
0.`
0.25`
0.6
0.5`
0.75`
1.`
0.4
0.2
12
1.nb
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
Plot@Evaluate@Flatten@
Table@@D . solThemal@ . sol1@DD, 8, 1, 1, 1<, 8k, - 1, 1, 0.25<DD . xD,
8x, 0, 4<, PlotLegends Range@0, 1, 0.25D, ImageSize 800, AxesLabel 8, @D<D
1.nb
13
HL
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.`
0.25`
0.5`
0.75`
0.4
1.`
0.2
Plot@Evaluate@Flatten@
Table@@D . solThemal@ . sol1@DD, 8, - 1, - 1<, 8k, - 1, 1, 0.25<DD . xD,
8x, 0, 4<, PlotLegends Range@0, 1, 0.25D, ImageSize 800, AxesLabel 8, @D<D
HL
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
14
1.nb
1.0
0.8
0.6
-1.`
-0.75`
-0.5`
-0.25`
0.`
0.25`
0.4
0.5`
0.75`
1.`
0.2
1.nb
Show@plt1, plt11D
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
pltc = Plot@blaf ''@D, 8, 0, 5<, AxesLabel 8"", f ''@D<, PlotRange 80, 1<D;
Show@plta, pltb, pltcD
f HL
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
Let us tabulate various paramters for Wedge angle 0 and No Blowing & Suction and then discuss their variation w.r.t Wedge angle and BSP.
Starting from = 0 and BSP= 0.
15
16
1.nb
TableForm@
Table@8PaddedForm@Chop@1 * nD, 84, 3<D, PaddedForm@Chop@blaf@1 * nDD, 88, 4<D,
PaddedForm@Chop@blaf '@1 * nDD, 88, 6<D,
PaddedForm@Chop@blaf ''@1 * nDD, 88, 6<D<,
8n, 0, 5<D,
TableHeadings 8None, 8"
", "
f@D", "
f'@D", "
f''@D" <<D
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
0.000"
1.000"
2.000"
3.000"
4.000"
5.000"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
f@D"
0.0000"
0.2330"
0.8869"
1.7957"
2.7841"
3.7835"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
f'@D"
0.000000"
0.460676"
0.816763"
0.969123"
0.997835"
1.000000"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
f''@D"
0.469645"
0.434418"
0.255680"
0.067702"
0.006873"
0.000258"
0.000
1.000
2.000
3.000
4.000
5.000
HTx -T0 L
HTw - T0 L
-0.9304
-0.4161
-0.1365
-0.0313
-0.0050
-0.0006
For = 0.5
This is the Table for = 0.5 and no suction/ blowing
0.000
1.000
2.000
3.000
4.000
5.000
6.000
7.000
f@D
0.0000
0.3811
1.2200
2.1971
3.1955
4.1955
5.0497
-10.2089
For = 1
f'@D
0.000000
0.681116
0.942251
0.994961
0.999811
1.000000
0.016557
-55.339208
@D
1.000000
0.641853
0.332825
0.131951
0.038796
0.008312
0.000609
-0.019211
f''@D
0.927681
0.444285
0.118500
0.014322
0.000711
0.000015
-5.686705
-165.838350
1.nb
TableForm@
Table@8PaddedForm@Chop@1 * nD, 84, 3<D, PaddedForm@Chop@blaf@1 * nDD, 88, 4<D,
PaddedForm@Chop@blaf '@1 * nDD, 88, 6<D,
PaddedForm@Chop@temp@1 * nDD, 88, 6<D,
PaddedForm@Chop@blaf ''@1 * nDD, 88, 6<D<,
8n, 0, 6<D, TableHeadings
8None, 8"
", "
f@D", "
f'@D", "
@D" , "
f''@D" <<D
0.000
1.000
2.000
3.000
4.000
5.000
6.000
f@D
0.0000
0.2626
0.4573
-0.1398
-1.7562
-2.8833
-174.8504
f'@D
0.000000
0.369025
-0.103468
-1.144861
-1.904206
1.000000
-1239.220400
@D
1.000000
0.901567
0.814391
0.742147
0.660873
0.462543
-0.070332
f''@D
0.850371
-0.083857
-0.824502
-1.133426
0.017630
9.083879
-7451.137600
For = -0.5
m = H2 - L;
sol@_D := NDSolve@8D@f@D, 8, 3<D + f@D f ''@D + H1 - Hf '@DL ^ 2L 0,
D@g@D, 8, 2<D + f@D g '@D * Hm + 1L * 0.5 * 0.72 0, f@0D 0, f '@0D 0,
g@0D 1, g@6D 0, f ''@0D <, 8f@D, f '@D, g@D<, 8, 0, 5<D
TableForm@
Table@8PaddedForm@Chop@1 * nD, 84, 3<D, PaddedForm@Chop@blaf@1 * nDD, 88, 4<D,
PaddedForm@Chop@blaf '@1 * nDD, 88, 6<D,
PaddedForm@Chop@temp@1 * nDD, 88, 6<D,
PaddedForm@Chop@blaf ''@1 * nDD, 88, 6<D<,
8n, 0, 6<D, TableHeadings
8None, 8"
", "
f@D", "
f'@D", "
@D" , "
f''@D" <<D
0.000
1.000
2.000
3.000
4.000
5.000
6.000
f@D
0.0000
0.1457
0.8396
2.0340
3.2885
4.4673
-2.1867
f'@D
0.000000
0.369762
1.012932
1.281476
1.213329
1.151431
-52.499431
@D
1.000000
0.598495
0.247791
0.055024
0.005682
0.000263
-0.000807
f''@D
0.127109
0.589775
0.551980
0.012370
-0.084016
-0.042828
-316.427770
k = 0.25;
17
18
1.nb
TableForm@
Table@8PaddedForm@Chop@1 * nD, 84, 3<D, PaddedForm@Chop@blaf@1 * nDD, 88, 4<D,
PaddedForm@Chop@blaf '@1 * nDD, 88, 6<D,
PaddedForm@Chop@temp@1 * nDD, 88, 6<D,
PaddedForm@Chop@temp '@1 * nDD, 88, 6<D,
PaddedForm@Chop@blaf ''@1 * nDD, 88, 6<D<,
8n, 0, 5<D, TableHeadings
8None, 8"
", "
f@D", "
f'@D", "
@D" , "
'@D", "
f''@D" <<D
0.000
1.000
2.000
3.000
4.000
5.000
f@D
-0.6250
-0.5684
-0.3420
0.1476
0.9260
1.8848
f'@D
0.000000
0.125961
0.343929
0.641464
0.894448
1.000000
@D
1.000000
0.837951
0.647946
0.439760
0.241486
0.089409
'@D
-0.148096
-0.176393
-0.202155
-0.209395
-0.180502
-0.120721
f''@D
0.091141
0.167256
0.268505
0.303399
0.181182
0.044825
For K= 0.5;
TableForm@
Table@8PaddedForm@Chop@1 * nD, 84, 3<D, PaddedForm@Chop@blaf@1 * nDD, 88, 4<D,
PaddedForm@Chop@blaf '@1 * nDD, 88, 6<D,
PaddedForm@Chop@temp@1 * nDD, 88, 6<D,
PaddedForm@Chop@temp '@1 * nDD, 88, 6<D,
PaddedForm@Chop@blaf ''@1 * nDD, 88, 6<D<,
8n, 0, 5<D, TableHeadings
8None, 8"
", "
f@D", "
f'@D", "
@D" , "
'@D", "
f''@D" <<D
0.000
1.000
2.000
3.000
4.000
5.000
f@D
-1.0000
-0.9911
-0.9459
-0.8059
-0.4432
0.3209
For k= -0.25;
f'@D
0.000000
0.021250
0.078226
0.222896
0.536208
1.000000
@D
1.000000
0.922117
0.810985
0.655325
0.449034
0.210538
'@D
-0.064720
-0.092675
-0.131558
-0.181104
-0.228902
-0.237316
f''@D
0.012377
0.033556
0.088798
0.215769
0.413570
0.457189
1.nb
19
TableForm@
Table@8PaddedForm@Chop@1 * nD, 84, 3<D, PaddedForm@Chop@blaf@1 * nDD, 88, 4<D,
PaddedForm@Chop@blaf '@1 * nDD, 88, 6<D,
PaddedForm@Chop@temp@1 * nDD, 88, 6<D,
PaddedForm@Chop@temp '@1 * nDD, 88, 6<D,
PaddedForm@Chop@blaf ''@1 * nDD, 88, 6<D<,
8n, 0, 5<D, TableHeadings
8None, 8"
", "
f@D", "
f'@D", "
@D" , "
'@D", "
f''@D" <<D
0.000
1.000
2.000
3.000
4.000
f@D
0.5000
0.8616
1.6863
2.6617
3.6602
f'@D
0.000000
0.657065
0.937088
0.994951
0.999839
@D
1.000000
0.572729
0.261745
0.090137
0.022497
'@D
-0.472018
-0.376771
-0.240166
-0.109983
-0.035251
f''@D
0.857919
0.458732
0.131314
0.015001
0.000636
5.000
4.6602
1.000000
0.003685
-0.007884
9.923886 10-6
For k=-0.5;
TableForm@
Table@8PaddedForm@Chop@1 * nD, 84, 3<D, PaddedForm@Chop@blaf@1 * nDD, 88, 4<D,
PaddedForm@Chop@blaf '@1 * nDD, 88, 6<D,
PaddedForm@Chop@temp@1 * nDD, 88, 6<D,
PaddedForm@Chop@temp '@1 * nDD, 88, 6<D,
PaddedForm@Chop@blaf ''@1 * nDD, 88, 6<D<,
8n, 0, 5<D, TableHeadings
8None, 8"
", "
f@D", "
f'@D", "
@D" , "
'@D", "
f''@D" <<D
0.000
1.000
2.000
3.000
4.000
5.000
For k=-0.75;
f@D
1.0000
1.4662
2.3764
3.3694
4.3691
5.3691
f'@D
0.000000
0.786518
0.978087
0.999074
0.999985
1.000000
@D
1.000000
0.485758
0.182524
0.050726
0.010148
0.001345
'@D
-0.621052
-0.407796
-0.205327
-0.073034
-0.018138
-0.003143
f''@D
1.283635
0.399011
0.059323
0.003360
0.000070
5.380167 10-7
20
1.nb
TableForm@
Table@8PaddedForm@Chop@1 * nD, 84, 3<D, PaddedForm@Chop@blaf@1 * nDD, 88, 4<D,
PaddedForm@Chop@blaf '@1 * nDD, 88, 6<D,
PaddedForm@Chop@temp@1 * nDD, 88, 6<D,
PaddedForm@Chop@temp '@1 * nDD, 88, 6<D,
PaddedForm@Chop@blaf ''@1 * nDD, 88, 6<D<,
8n, 0, 5<D, TableHeadings
8None, 8"
", "
f@D", "
f'@D", "
@D" , "
'@D", "
f''@D" <<D
0.000
1.000
2.000
3.000
4.000
5.000
f@D
1.0000
1.4662
2.3764
3.3694
4.3691
5.3691
f'@D
0.000000
0.786518
0.978087
0.999074
0.999985
1.000000
@D
1.000000
0.411829
0.128359
0.029244
0.004775
0.000521
'@D
-0.773864
-0.418925
-0.169327
-0.048015
-0.009501
-0.001312
f''@D
1.283635
0.399011
0.059323
0.003360
0.000070
5.380167 10-7
For k=-1;
TableForm@
Table@8PaddedForm@Chop@1 * nD, 84, 3<D, PaddedForm@Chop@blaf@1 * nDD, 88, 4<D,
PaddedForm@Chop@blaf '@1 * nDD, 88, 6<D,
PaddedForm@Chop@temp@1 * nDD, 88, 6<D,
PaddedForm@Chop@temp '@1 * nDD, 88, 6<D,
PaddedForm@Chop@blaf ''@1 * nDD, 88, 6<D<,
8n, 0, 5<D, TableHeadings
8None, 8"
", "
f@D", "
f'@D", "
@D" , "
'@D", "
f''@D" <<D
0.000
1.000
2.000
3.000
f@D
2.0000
2.6145
3.5899
4.5892
f'@D
0.000000
0.919509
0.997234
0.999963
@D
1.000000
0.348751
0.090602
0.017066
'@D
-0.930373
-0.416060
-0.136469
-0.031309
f''@D
2.194509
0.234694
0.010610
0.000178
4.000
5.5892
1.000000
0.002296
-0.005012
1.093487 10-6
5.000
6.5892
1.000000
0.000208
-0.000560
1.969485 10-9
1.nb
21
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0.0
-1.0
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0.0
0.2
0.4
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
-1.0
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0.0
0.2
0.4
Hence we can see as BSP becomes more and more negative that is as we increase
the removal of boundary fluid by forcing it to flow through the porous wall section,
Local skin factor coefficient increases. This is because as we remove fluid , boundary layer becomes more and more thinner ( thinning of boundary layer with higher
values of suction is already shown in combined plots section). On the contrary, with
increasing Blowing , Boundary layer becomes more and more thick and Cfx
increases.
Same can be said for Local Nusselt number. The green plot shows that as suction
is increased, local nusselt number inceases. This is also due to thinning of the
boundary layer.
Increasing Blowing incerases the velocity boundary layer thickness as well as thermal boundary layer (clearly depicted from the filling areas of the various plots).
22
increasing Blowing , Boundary layer becomes more and more thick and Cfx
increases.
Same can be said for Local Nusselt number. The green plot shows that as suction
1.nb
is increased, local nusselt number inceases. This is also due to thinning of the
boundary layer.
Increasing Blowing incerases the velocity boundary layer thickness as well as thermal boundary layer (clearly depicted from the filling areas of the various plots).