Design of Cycle stand shade

pkn

Name of work:1
3
4
5

Length of cantilever roof each side

Clear span
Super imposed Load
Conrete
M-

mscbc

6 Steel
7 Nominal cover
8 Reinforcement Beam

fy

Bottom Main reinforcement

Top holding bars
2 lgd Stirrups

bw

3.00
6.00
2.00
20
7

mtr

N/mm2

415
15

N/mm2
mm

Tensile stress
Effective cover

30
12
8

mm F
mm F
mm F

5
3
220

Nos bars
Nos bars
mm c/c

10
10
8
8

mm F
mm F
mm F
mm F

140
280
140
210

mm c/c
mm c/c
mm c/c
mm c/c

6000

mtr
kN/m2
Grade

400

mm

mm

Unit weight concrete 25000 N/m

13.33
230
25

N/mm2
mm

Reinforcement slab
main bars at supports
main bars at end
Distrbution at supports
Distrbution at ends
30 mm f
2 Nos bars

3 nos. holding bars

12 mm f
30 mm f
2 Nos bars

220
mm

860

10 mm f @
280 mmc/c
3000

30 mm f main
6000
(A) Section at beam

10 mm f @
140 mm c/c

220
mm

5 Nos bars

12 mm f @
3 Nos bars
3000

8 mmf @
210 mm c/c

100
mm

290
8 mmf @
140 mm c/c
500
mm

400
(B) Section at mid - span
pk_nandwana@yahoo.co.in

860

8 mm f @
220 mm c/c 2 lgd stirrups
30 mm f @
5 Nos bars

Design of Cycle stand shade

Name of work:1
3
4
5

pkn

Length of cantilever roof each side

Clear span
Super imposed load
Concrete

3.00
6.00
2.00
m 20
scbc 7
fy
415
15

6 Steel
7 Nominal cover

mtr
mm
kN/m
N/mm

N/mm2
mm

bw
3000 mm
6000 mm
2000 N/m
Unit weight concrete
m
Tensile stess =
Effective cover =

400 mm

25000 N/m
13.3
2
230 N/mm
25 mm

Solution :For m

scbc

20 concrete we have
N/mm2

kc

j
=
R=1/2xc x j x k =

1
0.5

mc
=
mc + t
k/3
=
7
x

sst

13.3
13.33
x
13.33 x
7 +
1
- 0.29 /
0.904 x 0.289

230 N/mm2,

0.29

7
230
3

= 0.904
= 0.913

(A) Design of cantilever slab

= 7
For stiffness the ratio of span to effective depth of cantilever
For a balanced design, the percentage reinforcement for m = 20 concrete =0.44% . Assuming pt =0.25
We get, from fig 1. modification factore, using fe 415 steel. = 1.6 \ span/d= 7
span
3000
=
= 268 mm keep total depth of 268
\ Effective depth =
11.2
11.2
and reduce it to 100 mm at ends. Mean thickness of slab(
290 + 100
keeping 15 mm nominal cover and using 10 mm f bars,
available d =
290
and d = 100
Dead load of slabper sq meter =

15
15
0.195

10
= 270
/
2
10
=
80
/
2
1.0
x
1 x 25000
super imposed load
\
3.000
2

Actual area of stell provided =1000

pt

af
s

1000

561
1000

15

= 290 mm

)/

= 195 mm

mm at supports
mm at free ends
= 4875
N
= 2000 N/m2

20625

=
=

551

N/m

184

mm

mm2

3.14 x 10 x 10
4
x 100
/
551 = 142 mm
mm c/c
=

x 78.5
140

561

mm

100

0.21

270

1.6 = 11.2

= 6875 N/m2
Total load /m2
x 3.000
=
30938 N-mm/m

6875 x
wL
=
2
wL
= 6875 x 3.000
V =
width considering b=1 meter =1000 mm
30938 x
1000
BM =
Effective depth required
=
0.913 x 1000
Rxb
BM
30938.00
x
1000
Ast =
=
230 x
0.904 x 270
sst x jx D
3.14xdia2
using 10 mm bars
A
=
4 x100
Spacing of Bars = A*1000/Ast =
1000 x
79
Hence Provided 10 mm F bar, @ 140
M =

= 78.5

Let us curtail alternate bars at half the cantilever length.

B.M. at the point
pk_nandwana@yahoo.co.in

wx2
2

6875
2

1.5

1000 = 7.73 x 10'6 N-mm

mm2

Effective depth of slab =

BM

Ast =

sst x jx D

Actual Ast available

Check for shear

tv

7.73

=
=

230 x
1
2
V
bxd

270

+
2

10'6

0.904 x
x

561

80

175

280

20625
1000 x

270

175

=
=

mm

mm2

213

>

213 mm2

0.08

Hence O.K.

N/mm2

which is quite small

Distribution reinforcement
0.12xbD

Ast =

Asd

using 8

mm bars

0.12

1000
100

290

3.14xdia2

=
=

4 x100

mm2

348
3.14 x

100

Spacing of Bars = A*1000/Ast =

1000 x
50 /
348 =
Hence Provided
8 mm F bar, @ 140 mm c/c
At the half the cantilever length, avrage depth '=
0.12xbD

Ast =

Asd

using 8

mm bars

0.12

1000
100

195

3.14xdia2

4 x100

Spacing of Bars = A*1000/Ast =

1000 x
mm
F
bar, @
Hence Provided
8
(B) Design of beam :-

mm2

= 50.2

mm2

195 mm
mm2

3.14 x

100

/
234 =
210 mm c/c

= 50.2

144 mm

234

50

215 mm

The beam will be designed as T-beam with tapered flanges of uniform average thickness.
Width of web, bw =
L / 10 or width of column which is heigher
3.00 /
=
0.30
m width of column = 0.40 m here
10
290 + 100
=
=
mm = 0.195 mtr
Avrage depth of flange, Df
195
2
bw =

Total width of flange

Let effective span of beam

=
=

b
lo

+
+

0.40 = 6.40
0.40 =

mtr or

6.40 mtr or

0.40 mtr

6400 mm
6400 mm

For an isolated T-Beam,the width of the flange is

lo
6400
bf =
+
bw
=
+ 400 = 1680 mm
lo
6400
+
4
+
4
b
6400
Assume over all depthof beam 400 mm, equal the bw, for the purpose of calculating the dead load
(I) Dead load of slab
= 0.195 x
1
x
6
x #### = 29250 N
(II) Dead load of beam = 0.40 x 0.40 x
1
x #### = 4000
N
(III) Super imposed load = 2000 x 6.40 x
1
= 12800 N
Total w = 46050 N
46050 x
6.4
x 6.4 x
1000
wlo2
=
=
235776000
N-mm
M =
8
8
Effective depth of beam:2kcd-Df
for balance section, we have
M
= 0.45bf.c.Df
kc
2x
0.289 d- 195
or
= 0.45
x
1680 x
7
x 195
= 235776000
0.289
235776000
2x
0.289 d195
675.66
=
0.45 x
1680 x
7.00 x
131753
176306
390 d = 44553 +
or
176306
390
452
=
/
or
mm
keeping 30
mm nominal cover and using
keep D =
8 mm f bars,
500 mm
pk_nandwana@yahoo.co.in

available d =
500
30
Revised Dead load of beam
Total weight w
47050
wlo2
=
M =
8
Approximate L.A.,

8
= 0.50 x
= 29250 +
x
6.4
x
8
=

/
2
30
= 447 mm
0.40 x
1
x #### = 5000
5000 + 12800 = 47050 N
6.4 x
1000
=
240896000
Df
2

240896000
0.904 x 350
3.14xdia2
using 30 mm bars
A
=
4 x100
Noumber of Bars =
3311 x
707
Hence Provided =
5 No. 30
Determination N.A.and actual stresses.

Ast =

BM

sst x jx D

230 x

n =

= 25075 n2
or
b +b2-4.a.c
2a
or
or
or

L.A.=
Avrage stress in steel
corresponding stress In
concrete is given by
Shear reinforcement:wl 47050
V=
2

or
n
d=
3
m
=
=
Ast xa
t
=
x
m

447
3311

195
2

350

N-mm
mm

mm2

3.14 x 30 x 30
= 707 mm2
4
x 100
=
5 No.
mm F bar, Actual steel provide= 3535 mm2
=

1680
13.33 x 3535 x( 447 - n)
(n)2=
2
56.1 n
or n2+
- 25075
=
0
56.10 n
n
= 56.10 + 3147 -4x 1.00 x -25075
2 x
1
n
= 56.10 +( 3147 - -100301.585 )1/2
2
1/2
103448.47
n
= 56.10 +(
)
2
x
1
n
= 56.10 + 322
2
n
=
266 /
2
= 133 mm
133
447
=
403
mm
3
240896000
=
169
O.K.
N/mm2 < 230
3535 x
403
N
169
133
n
=
x
= 5.4 < 7
13.3
447 133
d-n
mm2

Assuming that N.A. falls in the flange, we have N.A.

\

N
141150
V
=
= 0.79
bxd
400 x 447
mm2
100As
100 x 2121
Assuming that at the ends,
2
bars will be bent up available
= 1.19 %
bxd
400 x 447
Hence from Table permissible shear (tc)for M 20 concrete, for
1.19 % steel = 0.41 N/mm2
Since tv >
tc Shear reinforcement necessary
Also from table for M- 20 Concrete, tcmax. = 1.80 N/mm2
Since tv < than Tc section O.K.
Shear reinfocement will be provided both in the form of inclined bars as well as in the form of vertical stirrups.
Out of 5
30 mm f bars, let us bend 2 bars at distance of 2 a = 2 x 403 mm
= 1.414 x 403 = 570 mm from the edge of the supports.
3.14xdia2
3.14 x 30 x 30
Area of cross -section of
2
bend up bars
=
= 707 mm2
4 x100
4
x 100
2
Area of cross -section of =
2
x 707 = 1414 mm
v1
Shear resistance of
2 bent up bars
=
sin 45
\

v1 =

ssv

x
2

6.00

141150

N tv

x sina =
230 x 1414 x 0.71 = 229931 N
x Asv
than
the
S.F.
it
self.
Through
shear
esistance of concrete (v 2 = tc. bd )
more
is additionally available, we will have to provide nominal shear stirrups.
3.14xdia2
3.14 x
8
x 8
using 8
mm bars area
=
=
= 50.2 mm2
4 x100
4
x 100
using 8 mm
2 lgd stirrups area
=
2
x 50.2 = 100.4 mm2
This is

pk_nandwana@yahoo.co.in

the maximum spacing of stirrups is given by

Hence Provided 8
At

mm F 2 lgd stirrups, @

860

mm shear force

2.175 x Asv.x fy

220

mm c/c upto

2.18

100 x 415
= 227 mm
400
860 mm from edge of supports

141150

x( 3.00
- 0.86 )= 100687 N
3.00
shear resistance of concrete =tc.bw.d =
0.41 x
400 x
447 = 73308 N
100687
73308 =
Hence shear to be rasisted by stirrups is given by Vs =V-tc*bw*d =
ssv.Asv.d
230 x 100.4 x 447
The spacing of 8
=
=
mm f 2 lgd stirrups is, sv =
Vs
27379
But maximum spacing can not exceed 227 mm. Hence provide
8 mm f stirrups @
through out the length of beam.
Provide
3
x 12 mm f holding bars
check for development length at the end.

27379
377 mm

220 mm
at top

1.3xM1
L0
Ld
+
>
Ast available at end. 2121 mm2
V
M1
= moment of resistance of section, assuming all reinforcement stress at sst
M1
"= Ast x s st x jc x d
230 x 0.904 x 447
2121
x
=
= 197.1 x 10 6 N-mm
1000000
Alternatively, Ld = 45 F = 45 x 30 = 1350 mm
V
= 141150 N
Ls = 0
Let us assume the width of supports equal to 400 mm and a side cover x'
30 mm,
And Provide 900 bend at the ends
Ls
400
we have, Lo =(
x'
+ 3xf =
30 + 90 = 260 mm
2
2
230
f
x
f .sst
Ld
=
=
=
45 f = 45 x 30 = 1350 mm
4.tbd
4
x
0.8
x
2
1.3 xM1
197.1 x 10 6
L0
+
=
1.3
x
+ 260 = 2075
mm
141150
V
= 2075 > 1350 Hence Code requirement are satisfied
The code requires that

pk_nandwana@yahoo.co.in

pkn

8 mm F 2 - lgd strirrups @ 220 mm c/c

3 - 12 mm F holding bars

500
mm

220
mm

860

3000
1500
10 mm f @
280 Nos bars

2 -

30 mm F bars

220
mm

30 mm F bars

860

400

1500
10 mm f @
140 mm c/c

3 -

12 mm F holding bars
100
mm

290
8
210

mmf @
mm c/c

8 mmf @
140 mm c/c
500
mm

pk_nandwana@yahoo.co.in

8 mm F 2 - lgd strirrups @ 220 mm c/c

30 mm F bars

(1) VALUES OF DESIGN CONSTANTS

Grade of concrete
Modular Ratio

M-15
18.67

M-20
13.33

M-25
10.98

M-30
9.33

M-35
8.11

M-40
7.18

scbc N/mm2
m scbc

8.5

10

11.5

13

93.33

93.33

93.33

93.33

93.33

93.33

kc

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.4

(a) sst =
140
N/mm2
(Fe 250)

jc

0.867

0.867

0.867

0.867

0.867

0.867

Rc

0.867

1.214

1.474

1.734

1.994

2.254

Pc (%)

0.714

1.214

1.429

1.643

1.857

kc

0.329

0.329

0.329

0.329

0.329

0.329

jc

0.89

0.89

0.89

0.89

0.89

Rc

0.89
0.732

1.025

1.244

1.464

1.684

1.903

Pc (%)

0.433

0.606

0.736

0.866

0.997

1.127

kc

0.289

0.289

0.289

0.289

0.289

0.289

jc

0.904

0.904

0.904

0.904

0.904

0.904

Rc

0.653

0.914

1.11

1.306

1.502

1.698

Pc (%)

0.314

0.44

0.534

0.628

0.722

0.816

kc

0.253

0.253

0.253

0.253

0.253

0.253

jc

0.916

0.916

0.916

0.914

0.916

0.916

Rc

0.579

0.811

0.985

1.159

1.332

1.506

Pc (%)

0.23

0.322

0.391

0.46

0.53

0.599

(b) sst =
190
N/mm2
(c ) sst =
230
N/mm2
(Fe 415)
(d) sst =
275
N/mm2
(Fe 500)

(2) Permissible shear stress Table tv in concrete (IS : 456-2000)

100As
bd
< 0.15
0.25
0.50
0.75
1.00
1.25
1.50
1.75
2.00
2.25
2.50
2.75
3.00 and above

Permissible shear stress in concrete

M-15
M-20
M-25
M-30
0.18
0.18
0.19
0.2
0.22
0.22
0.23
0.23
0.29
0.30
0.31
0.31
0.34
0.35
0.36
0.37
0.37
0.39
0.40
0.41
0.40
0.42
0.44
0.45
0.42
0.45
0.46
0.48
0.44
0.47
0.49
0.50
0.44
0.49
0.51
0.53
0.44
0.51
0.53
0.55
0.44
0.51
0.55
0.57
0.44
0.51
0.56
0.58
0.44
0.51
0.57
0.6

tv N/mm2
M-35
M-40
0.2
0.2
0.23
0.23
0.31
0.32
0.37
0.38
0.42
0.42
0.45
0.46
0.49
0.49
0.52
0.52
0.54
0.55
0.56
0.57
0.58
0.60
0.60
0.62
0.62
0.63

(3) Maximum shear stress tc.max in concrete (IS : 456-2000)

Grade of concrete

tc.max

M-15
1.6

M-20
1.8

M-25
1.9

M-30
2.2

M-35
2.3

M-40
2.5

Grade of concrete
tbd (N / mm2)

Shear stress tc
100As
M-20
bd
0.15
0.18
0.16
0.18
0.17
0.18
0.18
0.19
0.19
0.19
0.2
0.19
0.21
0.2
0.22
0.2
0.23
0.2
0.24
0.21
0.25
0.21
0.26
0.21
0.27
0.22
0.28
0.22
0.29
0.22
0.3
0.23
0.31
0.23
0.32
0.24
0.33
0.24
0.34
0.24
0.35
0.25
0.36
0.25
0.37
0.25
0.38
0.26
0.39
0.26
0.4
0.26
0.41
0.27
0.42
0.27
0.43
0.27
0.44
0.28
0.45
0.28
0.46
0.28
0.47
0.29
0.48
0.29
0.49
0.29
0.5
0.30
0.51
0.30
0.52
0.30
0.53
0.30
0.54
0.30
0.55
0.31
0.56
0.31
0.57
0.31
0.58
0.31
0.59
0.31
0.6
0.32
0.61
0.32
0.62
0.32

Reiforcement %
100As
M-20
bd
0.18
0.15
0.19
0.18
0.2
0.21
0.21
0.24
0.22
0.27
0.23
0.3
0.24
0.32
0.25
0.35
0.26
0.38
0.27
0.41
0.28
0.44
0.29
0.47
0.30
0.5
0.31
0.55
0.32
0.6
0.33
0.65
0.34
0.7
0.35
0.75
0.36
0.82
0.37
0.88
0.38
0.94
0.39
1.00
0.4
1.08
0.41
1.16
0.42
1.25
0.43
1.33
0.44
1.41
0.45
1.50
0.46
1.63
0.46
1.64
0.47
1.75
0.48
1.88
0.49
2.00
0.50
2.13
0.51
2.25

Degree
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65

% fy
0.0
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.25
0.30
0.35
0.4
0.5

200

Value of angle
sin
cos
0.17
0.98
0.19
0.98
0.21
0.98
0.23
0.97
0.24
0.97
0.26
0.97
0.28
0.96
0.29
0.96
0.31
0.95
0.33
0.95
0.34
0.94
0.36
0.93
0.37
0.93
0.39
0.92
0.41
0.92
0.42
0.91
0.50
0.87
0.57
0.82
0.64
0.77
0.71
0.71
0.77
0.64
0.82
0.57
0.87
0.50
0.91
0.42

tan
0.18
0.19
0.21
0.23
0.25
0.27
0.29
0.31
0.32
0.34
0.36
0.38
0.40
0.42
0.45
0.47
0.58
0.70
0.84
1.00
1.19
1.43
1.73
2.14

modification factore Table

250
328
415

2.0

2
1.85
1.75
1.65
1.5

1.90
1.80
1.70
1.60
1.50
1.40
1.30

0.63
0.64
0.65
0.66
0.67
0.68
0.69
0.7
0.71
0.72
0.73
0.74
0.75
0.76
0.77
0.78
0.79
0.8
0.81
0.82
0.83
0.84
0.85
0.86
0.87
0.88
0.89
0.9
0.91
0.92
0.93
0.94
0.95
0.96
0.97
0.98
0.99
1.00
1.01
1.02
1.03
1.04
1.05
1.06
1.07
1.08
1.09
1.10
1.11
1.12
1.13
1.14

0.32
0.32
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.34
0.34
0.34
0.34
0.34
0.35
0.35
0.35
0.35
0.35
0.35
0.35
0.36
0.36
0.36
0.36
0.36
0.36
0.37
0.37
0.37
0.37
0.37
0.37
0.38
0.38
0.38
0.38
0.38
0.38
0.39
0.39
0.39
0.39
0.39
0.39
0.39
0.39
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4

0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
2.0
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
3.0
3.1
3.2

1.90
1.80
1.70
1.60
1.55
1.50
1.50
1.45
1.40
1.35
1.35
1.30
1.30
1.25
1.25
1.20
1.18
1.17
1.16
1.15
1.14
1.13
1.12
1.11
1.11
1.11

1.75
1.65
1.55
1.5
1.45
1.4
1.35
1.3
1.3
1.25
1.2
1.2
1.18
1.16
1.14
1.13
1.12
1.1
1.1
1.08
1.06
1.05
1.04
1.03
1.02
1.01
1.00

1.4
1.35
1.30
1.25
1.2
1.16
1.13
1.1
1.1
1.07
1.05
1.03
1.01
1.0
0.99
0.97
0.96
0.95
0.94
0.93
0.92
0.92
0.91
0.91
0.90
0.87
0.86

1.20
1.15
1.05
1.02
1.20
0.98
0.96
0.94
0.92
0.91
0.90
0.89
0.86
0.86
0.85
0.84
0.83
0.83
0.82
0.82
0.81
0.81
0.81
0.81
0.81
0.81
0.81

1.15
1.16
1.17
1.18
1.19
1.20
1.21
1.22
1.23
1.24
1.25
1.26
1.27
1.28
1.29
1.30
1.31
1.32
1.33
1.34
1.35
1.36
1.37
1.38
1.39
1.40
1.41
1.42
1.43
1.44
1.45
1.46
1.47
1.48
1.49
1.50
1.51
1.52
1.53
1.54
1.55
1.56
1.57
1.58
1.59
1.60
1.61
1.62
1.63
1.64
1.65
1.66

0.4
0.41
0.41
0.41
0.41
0.41
0.41
0.41
0.41
0.41
0.42
0.42
0.42
0.42
0.42
0.42
0.42
0.42
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46

1.67
1.68
1.69
1.70
1.71
1.72
1.73
1.74
1.75
1.76
1.77
1.78
1.79
1.80
1.81
1.82
1.83
1.84
1.85
1.86
1.87
1.88
1.89
1.90
1.91
1.92
1.93
1.94
1.95
1.96
1.97
1.98
1.99
2.00
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
2.09
2.10
2.11
2.12
2.13
2.14
2.15
2.16
2.17
2.18

0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50

2.19
2.20
2.21
2.22
2.23
2.24
2.25
2.26
2.27
2.28
2.29
2.30
2.31
2.32
2.33
2.34
2.35
2.36
2.37
2.38
2.39
2.40
2.41
2.42
2.43
2.44
2.45
2.46
2.47
2.48
2.49
2.50
2.51
2.52
2.53
2.54
2.55
2.56
2.57
2.58
2.59
2.60
2.61
2.62
2.63
2.64
2.65
2.66
2.67
2.68
2.69
2.70

0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51

2.71
2.72
2.73
2.74
2.75
2.76
2.77
2.78
2.79
2.80
2.81
2.82
2.83
2.84
2.85
2.86
2.87
2.88
2.89
2.90
2.91
2.92
2.93
2.94
2.95
2.96
2.97
2.98
2.99
3.00
3.01
3.02
3.03
3.04
3.05
3.06
3.07
3.08
3.09
3.10
3.11
3.12
3.13
3.14
3.15

0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51

Permissible Bond stress Table tbd in concrete (IS : 456-2000)

Grade of concreteM-10
-tbd (N / mm2)

M-15
0.6

M-20
0.8

M-25
0.9

M-30
1

M-35
1.1

M-40
1.2

M-45
1.3

Development Length in tension

Plain M.S. Bars

H.Y.S.D. Bars

Grade of
concrete

tbd (N / mm2)

kd = Ld F

tbd (N / mm2)

kd = Ld F

M 15

0.6

58

0.96

60

M 20

0.8

44

1.28

45

M 25

0.9

39

1.44

40

M 30

35

1.6

36

M 35

1.1

32

1.76

33

M 40

1.2

29

1.92

30

M 45

1.3

27

2.08

28

M 50

1.4

25

2.24

26

Permissible stress in concrete (IS : 456-2000)

Grade of
concrete
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M

10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50

Permission stress in compression (N/mm 2) Permissible stress in bond (Average) for

Bending acbc
Direct (acc)
plain bars in tention (N/mm2)
(N/mm2)
3.0
5.0
7.0
8.5
10.0
11.5
13.0
14.5
16.0

Kg/m2
300
500
700
850
1000
1150
1300
1450
1600

(N/mm2)
2.5
4.0
5.0
6.0
8.0
9.0
10.0
11.0
12.0

Kg/m2
250
400
500
600
800
900
1000
1100
1200

(N/mm2)
-0.6
0.8
0.9
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4

in kg/m2
-60
80
90
100
110
120
130
140

tan
0.18
0.19
0.21
0.23
0.25
0.27
0.29
0.31
0.32
0.34
0.36
0.38
0.40
0.42
0.45
0.47
0.58
0.70
0.84
1.00
1.19
1.43
1.73
2.14

able
500
2.00
1.80
1.65
1.50
1.40
1.35
1.30
1.20
1.16
1.08

Value of angle
Degree
sin
10
0.17
11
0.19
12
0.21
13
0.23
14
0.24
15
0.26
16
0.28
17
0.29
18
0.31
19
0.33
20
0.34
21
0.36
22
0.37
23
0.39
24
0.41
25
0.42
30
0.50
35
0.57
40
0.64
45
0.71
50
0.77
55
0.82
60
0.87
65
0.91

cos
0.98
0.98
0.98
0.97
0.97
0.97
0.96
0.96
0.95
0.95
0.94
0.93
0.93
0.92
0.92
0.91
0.87
0.82
0.77
0.71
0.64
0.57
0.50
0.42

1.00
0.95
0.90
0.86
0.84
0.82
0.81
0.80
0.79
0.78
0.77
0.76
0.75
0.74
0.73
0.72
0.72
0.72
0.71
0.71
0.71
0.70
0.70
0.69
0.69
0.68
0.68

0)
M-50
1.4

Modification factore

2.0
1.4
1.2
0.8
0.4

0.0

0.4
0.8
1.2
1.6
2
2.4
Percentage of tension reinforcement

2.8