Kenya Airports Authority: Handbook 2011-12

KENYA AIRPORTS AUTHORITY
Handbook 2011-12
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Handbook 2011-12
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FOREWORD ON COURSE FOR A TOP-FLIGHT AIRPORT SYSTEM SETTING OUR SIGHTS HIGH PROFILE OF KENYA AIRPORTS AUTHORITY KENYA AIRPORTS AUTHORITY CONTACTS
10 AIRPORTS AS ECONOMIC ENGINES AIRPORTS DEVELOPMENT SPURS LOCAL ECONOMIES; KEEPS NATIONAL ECONOMY HUMMING 15 JKIA SET TO TRANSFORM INTO AFRICAS AVIATION HUB EXPANSION SET TO DOUBLE PASSENGER CAPACITY AT JKIA 19 TRADEWINDS AVIATION GROUP KCAA PLANS FOR SAFER SKIES 20 BEST OF THE BEST JKIA AGAIN WINS ROUTES MARKETING AWARD FOR AFRICA 22 JKIA IS AFRICAS PREMIER CARGO HUB EXPANSION TURNS JKIA INTO A FRESH PRODUCE HUB 24 SIGINON GROUP 26 KEEPING THE BIRDS AWAY FOR PASSENGER AND AIRCRAFT SAFETY AT JKIA 28 MOMBASA INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT TOURISM SPURS GROWTH AT MOMBASA 33 CARGO IS BIG BUSINESS FOR ELDORET FOLLOWING MAKE-OVER AIRPORT STIMULATES HORTICULTURE INDUSTRY IN REGION 38 SUPPORTING TOURISM AND AID EFFORTS IN THE REGION WILSON GROWS TO BE AFRICAS BUSIEST LIGHT AIRCRAFT AIRPORT 40 MALINDI SET TO HANDLE DIRECT INTERNATIONAL FLIGHTS 42 READY FOR INTERNATIONAL STATUS KISUMU AIRPORT SET FOR TAKE-OFF WITH EXPANSION OF EAC 44 WAJIR MILITARY AIRBASE ADAPTS WELL TO HANDLING CIVIL FLIGHTS 45 LOKICHOGGIO, THE HUB OF HUMANITARIAN FLIGHTS 47 UKUNDA SET TO HANDLE REGIONAL FLIGHTS AS TOURISM NUMBERS CONTINUE TO CLIMB 48 MANDA TO GET NEW TERMINAL BUILDING
This Kenya Airports Authority Handbook 2011-12 is published by:
CONTENTS
LAND & MARINE PUBLICATIONS (KENYA) LTD Suite A6, 1st Floor, Ojijo Plaza, Plums Lane, off Ojijo Road Parklands, PO Box 2022, Village Market 00621 Nairobi, Kenya Tel: +254 (0)20 374 1934 Cell: 0722 731003 E-mail: kenya@landmarine.com Website: www.landmarine.com Pictures supplied by: Denis Gathanju and KAA The opinions expressed in this publication are not necessarily those of the editor nor of any other organisation associated with this publication. No liability can be accepted for any inaccuracies or omissions ISSN 2046-5416 2011 Land & Marine Publications (Kenya) Ltd
KENYA AIRPORTS AUTHORITY (HQ) P0 Box 19001-00501, Nairobi, Kenya Tel: +254 (0)20 661 1000, 661 2000 Fax: +254 (0)20 822 078 Email: info@kenyaairports.co.ke Web: www.kenyaairports.co.ke

Handbook 2011-12
Eng. Stephen M. Gichuki Managing Director Kenya Airports Authority (KAA)

The Kenya Airports Authority is committed to seamless connections through our national and international airports. This we can achieve through partnerships with key players, both in the public and private sector. In order to provide aviation services that are unmatched in the region and subscribe to international best practice, the KAA has undertaken capital intensive programmes of rehabilitation, modernisation and expansion at the countrys key airports and airstrips. This is driven on the one hand by market forces and on the other by a desire to provide efcient facilities that meet safety standards for the aircraft, passengers and cargo using our airports. JKIA, the main airport in Kenya and the regional aviation hub for East and Central Africa, is undergoing a massive expansion that will more than double its annual passenger capacity to 10 million. The airport will have a new Terminal 4 building.
ON COURSE FOR A TOPFLIGHT AIRPORT SYSTEM

environmentally friendly termini in Africa as the new terminal will be certied by the World Green Building Council. At KAA, we acknowledge that airports are no longer entry and exit points; we see them as important cogs in the growth and development of economies. For this reason, we have continued to expand and develop our airports to meet the needs of a growing Kenyan economy that is interlinked with regional economies. This is evident at our other airports, such as Eldoret International Airport and Kisumu Airport, which are at critical stages of development to serve the emerging economies in the Great Lakes region. As we continue to develop and expand our airports, the KAA has been working closely with the airlines, both passenger and cargo, that y into our airports. This partnership is geared at identifying areas in which we need to improve on service delivery. Because of this, JKIA, our principal airport, has clinched, for the third time in a row, the Routes Marketing Award. To ensure that we continue to offer the highest customer service at our airports, especially at JKIA, we are facilitating a benchmarking agreement with Incheon International Airport in Seoul, South Korea. Incheon is rated one of the best airports not only in Asia but in the world in terms of customer service. In the quest for enhanced customer service, we are continuously investing in our human resource capital through constant training workshops, geared to making us friendly and responsive to the needs of our direct and indirect customers. We welcome your feedback as we seek to build the airport system of choice in the region.
KAA INVESTS IN hUMaN CaPITaL aND PRODUCT IMPROVEMENT
EXPANSION
The expansion programme at our principal airport also includes an expanded cargo handling capacity. This makes JKIA the largest and busiest hub in Africa for fresh produce. With the expanded airport facilities comes an enhanced security system for both cargo and passenger trafc. Currently, JKIA handles more than 300 million kilograms of cargo annually. This is more than other regional hubs such as Johannesburg and Cairo. To underline this fact, JKIA was recently voted the Best Airport in Africa and the Best Cargo Airport in the Emerging Markets Category. As part of the expansion programme at JKIA, the KAA has announced the development of a new terminal at JKIA to complement the current expansion programme at JKIA. The new Greeneld Terminal at JKIA will be delinked from the existing airport termini and will have the capacity to handle up to 20 million passengers per year. It will have 50 international and 10 domestic check-in counters and will be one of the most

Handbook 2011-12
SETTINg OUR SIghTS hIgh
PROFILE OF KENYA AIRPORTS AUTHORITY

The Kenya Airports Authority (KAA) was established in 1991 by an Act of Parliament (Chapter 395 of Laws of Kenya). Under the Act, KAA is mandated to: Administer, control and manage aerodromes in the country Provide and maintain facilities for efcient aircraft operations Provide rescue and re-ghting equipment and services Construct, operate and maintain aerodromes and other related activities Construct or maintain aerodromes on an agency basis at the request of any government department Provide other amenities for passengers and other persons using the services and facilities provided by the KAA Approve the establishment of private airstrips and the control of their operations. The KAA works with other government agencies and departments, most notably the Kenya Civil Aviation Authority (KCAA), which is responsible for air navigational services and civil aviation regulation. It also collaborates with the Ministry of Transport, which is responsible for policy formulation and approval of aviation tariffs.
Dominic Ngigi Corporate Communications Manager Kenya Airports Authority (KAA)

Mission sTaTeMenT:
To facilitate seamless connectivity through provision of efcient and effective airports facilities and services in an environmentally sustainable manner to exceed stakeholder expectations Quality status: ISO 9001-2000 certied
KAA-ManaGeD aeRoDRoMe FaCiLiTies:

1. Jomo Kenyatta International Airport 2. Moi International Airport 3. Eldoret International Airport 4. Wilson Airport 5. Kisumu Airport 6. Malindi Airport 7. Lokichoggio Airport 8. Ukunda Airstrip 9. Manda Airstrip 10. Wajir Airport. The KAA also provides technical expertise on maintenance of public airstrips on behalf of the government on an agency basis.
Vision sTaTeMenT:
To be the airport System Hub of Choice
OpeRaTions anD MaJoR BUsiness aReas:

Landing and parking facilities Air bridge services Aviation fuel concession Ground transport concession Advertising Duty-free concession Building and land rent Retail concession (banking services, business centre, catering, foreign exchange bureaux, etc) Car parking Passenger and cargo facilitation.

Handbook 2011-12
KAA insTiTUTionaL seT-Up
BOARD OF DIRECTORS MANAGING DIRECTOR
DEPUTY MANAGING DIRECTOR CORPORATION SECRETARY
GM Finance
GM Projects & Engineering Services
GM Human Resources Development
GM Security Services
GM Marketing & Business Development
GM Information Communication Technology
HOD, Corporate Planning & Strategy
HOD, Internal Audit
HOD, Procurement & Logistics
AiRFieLD anD TeRMinaL CapaCiTY pRoJeCTs aT JKIA, NaiRoBi

Summary of JKIA major projects
ACTIVITY OUTPUT E/COST STATUS FUNDING KES MILLIONS
1 Package 1: Upgrade runway, taxiway and apron capacity 12 additional aircraft parking slots and fuel hydrant 2,640 Complete KAA WB- USD 14M AFD-USD 46M
2 Construction of T4 building T4 and parking garage 4,900 Clearance by AFD 3 Reorganisation of terminals 1,2,3 and the arrivals building 4 Cargo apron expansion Additional space and 12 boarding bridges Five parking bays, car parks and dual road
6,200 Tender document preparation EIB/KAA 1,582 Substantially complete 773 Substantially complete 1,980 Tender document preparation 2,128 Tender document preparation 948 Tender document preparation 225 92 complete complete KAA KAA AFD AFD AFD KAA/WB WB KAA
5 Sewerage capacity upgrade Expanded gravity ow sewer capacity 6 Rehabilitation of aircraft Resurfacing of runway and repair pavements to taxiways and apron 7 Runway capacity improvement Construction of new rapid exit taxiways 8 Upgrading of instrument Upgrading of instrument to Cat II landing system 9 Fire-ghting equipment Purchase of six new re engines 10 Security screening equipment Procurement of security screening equipment. To enhance screen of passengers, baggage and mail 11 Construction of a new domestic Construction of a temporal domestic terminal of terminal Package 5- Lot A 7500 sq.m plus associated car par and civil works
750 million Tender document preparation Tenders advertised. Preparation of Terms of reference is currently underway. Construction is to be on design and build basis
12 New Greeneld Terminal Construction of a new passenger terminal building of 500 million (USD) Package 5 Lot B oor area about 172000 sq.m, with 32 No. contact gates plus 8 No. remote gates, associated apron with 45 stands together with linking taxiways, car parks and landside road access and all utilities
AiRFieLD anD TeRMinaL CapaCiTY pRoJeCTs aT pRinCipaL aiRpoRTs in KenYa

Other airports
ACTIVITY OUTPUT E/COST STATUS FUNDING KES MILLIONS
1 Mombasa International Airport: Sustain pavement strength and serviceability Pavement rehabilitation 2 Wilson Airport: Upgrade of New terminal building terminal facilities 3,800 Tender documents 1,300 Detailed design KAA KAA
3 Kisumu Airport: Extension of runway from 2075m to 3000m and Redevelopment of facilities widening from 30m to 45m 4 Malindi: Terminal building Increase passenger processing capacity 5 Malindi: Runway resurfacing Sustain pavement strength and serviceability 6 Manda: Pavement expansion study Bigger runway and sustained pavement strength and serviceability
2,952 Completed 80 Completed 125 Completed 25 Completed 100 Completed
KAA KAA KAA KAA KAA
Manda: Terminal Building Increased passenger processing capacity construction 7 Wajir: Pavement rehabilitation Sustain pavement strength and serviceability 8 Isiolo: Fencing Securing airport against intrusion Construction of runway and New aircraft pavements aircraft pavements Terminal building New passenger processing capacity 9 National Airports System Plan Updated NASP
777 Construction MOT 75 Construction 1,500 Tender documents 160 Tendering 138 In progress KAA KAA

Handbook 2011-12
KAA peRFoRManCe
FISCAL YEAR 2004/5 2005/6 2006/7 2007/8 2008/9
OPERATIONAL PERFORMANCE Aircraft movements 195,578 Passengers Cargo (tonnes) 190,099 201,289 207,280 197,137 5,660,680 6,187,053 6,589,474 6,685,972 6,630,000 253,246 284,863 293,554 320,547 302,000
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o Upgrade of common-user terminal equipment for airport operation data that help in trafc management and service delivery o Installation of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) in Mission Critical areas o Upgraded website to facilitate, inter alia, interaction with stakeholders.
FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE Revenue (KES millions) Expenditure (KES millions) Operating income (KES millions) 3,907 (2,718) 1,189 5,161 (3,242) 1,919 5,391 (2,949) 2,697 5,071 (3,202) 1,869 5,707 (4,070) 1,637
OpTiMise ReVenUe GeneRaTion

Review of land use to identify sites for commercial activities through areas of Public Private Partnerships (PPP). In Jomo Kenyatta International Airport these areas include: 1. Medical Clinic 2. Airport Food Court 3. Airport Transit Hotel 4. In-Flight Catering Kitchen 5. Transit Warehouses 6. Aircraft Maintenance Hangars. Land for packhouses (warehouses with cold rooms) and transit facilities at Moi International Airport and Kisumu International Airport has also been identied.
PLans
To serve our mandate by ensuring: Aireld and terminal capacity adequacy Maintenance of safety and security Improvement of service efciency Optimise revenue generation Compliance with environmental rules on carbon neutrality Review of KAA Act to optimise Board representation, eliminate regulatory overlap with KCAA and recast the business in terms of commercial operations and the management of security and safety.
EnHanCeMenT oF saFeTY anD seCURiTY

Safety and security at the airports: 24-hour activity reinforced by: Enhanced intelligence gathering capability Security fence Installation of modern communication and security screening equipment (scanners and CCTV) Upgrade of re cover Pavement safety Runway maintenance Strict verication of applications for airside access passes Management of birds and wildlife Regular security audits and training of key staff Ongoing harmonisation of security procedures in EA region.
SoUnD enViRonMenTaL ManaGeMenT

KAA complies with statutory environmental requirements in its operations KAA is commencing a project in conjunction with ACI Africa to comply with carbon neutrality requirements Airline operators are upgrading their eets with fuel-efcient and environmentally friendly new-generation aircraft Energy audit on KAAs facilities is ongoing with a view to eliminating wastage.
IMpRoVeMenT oF seRViCe eFFiCienCY

Enforcing service excellence through service level agreements with concessionaires and other third party service providers Participating in the ACI quarterly service quality surveys and using feedback to enhance service quality Business process automation with the following activities already in progress:
CHaLLenGes
Encroachment on airport land that undermines security and safety management as well as facility expansion Dynamism in safety and security threats Limited resources to meet customer demands on time Over-regulation of KAAs operations.

Handbook 2011-12
KENYA AIRPORTS AUTHORITY CONTACTS

KenYa AiRpoRTs AUTHoRiTY (HQ)
P0 Box 19001-00501, Nairobi Tel : +254 (0)20 661 1000, 661 2000 Fax: +254 (0)20 822 078 E-mail: info@kenyaairports.co.ke Web: www.kenyaairports.co.ke
KisUMU AiRpoRT
PO Box 13, Kisumu Tel: +254 (0)57 202 0811 Fax: +254 (0)57 202 1857
WaJiR AiRpoRT
PO Box 512 70200, Wajir Tel: +254 (0)46 421 019 Fax: +254 ()46 421 362
JoMo KenYaTTa InTeRnaTionaL AiRpoRT

PO Box 19087-00501, Nairobi Tel: +254 (0)20 822 111, 661 1000, 661 2000 Fax: +254 (0)20 822 930
LokiCHoGGio AiRpoRT
PO Box 88, Lokichoggio Tel: +254 (0)54 32266 Fax: +254 (0)54 32440
Moi InTeRnaTionaL AiRpoRT

PO Box 93004, Mombasa Tel: +254 (0)41 343 32111 Fax: +254 (0)41 343 3220, +254 (0)41 343 4434
UkUnDa AiRsTRip
PO Box 139, Kwale Tel: +254 (0)40 320 2126
ELDoReT InTeRnaTionaL AiRpoRT

PO Box 2323, Eldoret Tel: +254 (0)53 206 3377 Fax: +254 (0)53 60337
ManDa AiRsTRip
PO Box 167, Lamu Tel: +254 (0)42 632018
WiLson AiRpoRT
PO Box 19005, Nairobi Tel: +254 (0)20 603 260/77 Fax: +254 (0)20 601 496
MaLinDi AiRPORT
PO Box 67, Malindi Tel: +254 (0)42 31201 Fax: +254 (0)42 31840

Handbook 2011-12
S OUTHERN SUDAN ETHIOPIA
Lokichoggio
LOKICHOGGIO AIRPORT
Ramu
Lodwar
EASTERN Marsabit
U GANDA
RIFT VALLEY Kitale WESTERN Kakamega
KISUMU AIRPORT ELDORET INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT WAJIR AIRPORT
Wajir
K E N Y A
Mado Gashi Isiolo Nanyuki
NORTH EASTERN
Eldoret
Kisumu
Kericho NYANZA
Nakuru Nyeri CENTRAL Narok Thika Embu Garissa
EASTERN
NAIROBI
WILSON AIRPORT
JOMO KENYATTA INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT
Magadi Garsen COAST Lamu

MANDA AIRSTRIP
TANZANIA
MALINDI AIRPORT
Malindi
INDIAN OCEAN
MOI INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT
Mombasa
UKUNDA AIRSTRIP

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10
AIRPORTS aS ECONOMIC ENgINES
AIRPORTS dEvELOPMENT SPURS LOCAL ECONOMIES ANd kEEPS NATIONAL ECONOMY HUMMING
Airports have long ceased to be merely entry and exit points. Over the years they have been transformed into vital economic engines for the nations they serve. The economic benets that come with a vibrant 24-hour airport operation have become a major focus for many countries, especially in the developing economies. Leisure and business travel continue to show tremendous growth as the world gradually shrinks into a global village. And as businesses and corporations from the developed economies continue to seek new markets, especially in the emerging economies of Africa, the Middle East, the Asia Pacic region and
Latin America, the critical role played by airports in harnessing business linkages cannot be understated. Air travel into and out of these regions has grown as business and commerce continue to thrive, and this in turn has placed a greater emphasis on airports playing a pivotal role in helping spur business and trade in these regions by offering rst-rate connections worldwide. According to statistics from the Kenya Tourism Board, business travel through Nairobi has overtaken leisure travel in the past few years, further underlining the pivotal role played by Nairobis Jomo Kenyatta International Airport (JKIA) in advancing business growth in Kenya.

Handbook 2011-12
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LEFT: A Kenya Airways jet stops at a boarding bridge for international arrivals at JKIA BELOW LEFT: Construction of the new apron and Terminal 4 at JKIA RIGHT: Nairobi skyline BELOW: JKIA handles fresh produce straight from the farms for export to European markets
In Kenya, air travel has gradually expanded over the past two decades. This, together with the fact that Nairobi has become a diplomatic, hospitality, banking, manufacturing, aviation and commercial hub for the whole of East and Central Africa, has further enhanced the development of Kenyas aviation sector and its airports.
JKIA has become the largest and busiest cargo hub in Africa, with the capacity to handle fresh produce straight from the farms for export to European markets. As well as handling produce from Kenyan farms, the cargo termini at JKIA process fresh farm produce for export from neighbouring countries such as Uganda, Rwanda and Tanzania. JKIA now has the largest and most modern cold rooms in Africa for fresh produce. Aside from JKIA, Eldoret International Airport (EIA), Kenyas third-largest air gateway, located in the North Rift region, is billed as a new economic engine that will enhance the growth and development of fresh farm produce exports from western Kenya. The airport is centrally located in some of Kenyas most fertile farmlands and could play a pivotal role in developing oriculture and horticulture in the region.
FLoRiCULTURe anD HoRTiCULTURe

The exponential growth and development of the Kenyan economy, especially the oriculture and horticulture subsectors, has fuelled the development of a rst-rate aviation infrastructure. The industry has seen remarkable growth over the past 20 years to become one of the leading foreign exchange earners for Kenya and the largest in Africa. Its development has seen JKIA transformed into a logistical cargo hub not only for Kenya, but for the entire region. As the subsectors continue to grow, JKIA has a key role to play in the development of the industry. A sign of this trend is the expansion of cargo facilities at the airport.
NaiRoBis GRowinG sTaTURe

With a booming Kenyan economy has come a rising middle class and an enhanced business environment that has seen Kenyas small and medium-sized enterprises ourish. This has led to an increase in efcient air connections from Nairobi to key markets in the Middle East and Far East that has been achieved through the continued expansion of the national carrier, Kenya Airways. Many regional and international carriers now y into Nairobi to take advantage of the business opportunities arising from Kenyas expanding economy. This has signicantly reduced travel time to Europe, Africa and Asia and has made Kenya a favoured business destination in the region, thanks to JKIA. The effectiveness of JKIA as an aviation hub has strengthened Nairobis key role in the region as a meeting place for diplomats and business people. In addition, Nairobi is home to the global headquarters of the United Nations Environmental Programme (UNEP) and the United Nations Human Settlements Agency (UN-Habitat). Each year, the United Nations Ofce in Nairobi (UNON) pumps more than $350 million into the Kenyan economy, with some of the revenue coming from the many international meetings hosted by the city.

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AiRLine-aiRpoRT HUB ConCepT

The ambitious expansion of Kenya Airways, arguably the most successful and fully privatised airline in Africa, underlines the critical role played by JKIA in the Kenyan economy. Kenya Airways has seen remarkable growth over the past decade. According to its CEO, Titus Naikuni, this growth could not have been achieved without an efcient air hub capable of handling the huge passenger and cargo trafc generated by Kenya Airways. Under this partnership, the Kenya Airports Authority (KAA) and Kenya Airways are working closely to develop the airport into a successful airport-airline hub concept similar to Amsterdam Schiphol-KLM and London Heathrow-British Airways. According to Naikuni, this concept will be a great driver for economic growth and development, not only for the airline and the airport, but also for the entire Kenyan economy.
ABOVE: The expansion of Kenya Airways has helped fuel Kenyas booming tourism industry BELOW: Light aircraft form a vital link for many safaris
nations such as the Masai Mara National Reserve in the south, Samburu National Reserve in the north and holiday resorts such as Diani in the South Coast, Mombasa, Malindi and Lamu Island. Figures from Kenya Tourism Board (KTB) show that tourism generated more than US$1.1 billion in 2010 compared with US$980 million in 2009. As Kenya continues to focus on domestic and conference tourism, the KAA has reported handling more than 40,000 highvalue conference customers at its principal airports in 2010. This, according to both KAA and KTB, is the result of leveraging on Kenyas growing stature as a regional conferencing hub.
ToURisM
The expansion of Kenya Airways and the entry of new regional and international carriers ying into JKIA has not only provided business and diplomatic travellers excellent air links, but has also helped fuel Kenyas booming tourism industry. JKIA not only serves as the aviation gateway to Kenya and the whole region, but also provides feeder trafc and support to Kenyas secondlargest airport, Moi International Airport (MIA) at Mombasa. While MIA serves both passenger and cargo aircraft into and out of the coastal city, the airport also serves a large number of chartered airlines, especially from key tourism source markets in Europe. According to the Ministry of Tourism, this has helped develop Kenyas tourism product through excellent air links between the holiday resort and key European markets such as France, Germany, Italy and the UK. Nairobis second airport, Wilson Airport, also has a critical role to play in developing Kenya as a tourism destination. Located south of Nairobi, Wilson is Africas busiest airport for light aircraft and the source of many ights to and from principal tourist desti-

Handbook 2011-12
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Simon Githaiga Airport Manager Jomo Kenyatta International Airport (JKIA)

Once dogged by a crumbling infrastructure and misguided investment policies that were never implemented, Kenya has recently seen a radical shift in its investment policies. This has led to a huge investment programme by the government aimed at overhauling the nations infrastructure. The shift in investment policy is driven largely by the demands of a robust and ever-expanding economy and guided by the nations ambition to become a middleincome, industrialised economy by 2030. The government has pumped millions of dollars into upgrading the infrastructure as well as planning new infrastructural develBELOW: Airlines that y into JKIA
JKIA SET TO TRaNSfORM INTO AfRICaS aVIaTION hUb
EXPANSION SET TO dOUbLE PASSENGER CAPACITY AT JKIA
opments across the country. Key among the planned upgrades is the transport sector, which over the years has been starved of investment in its crumbling yet vital infrastructure. Some facilities have received no upgrading or regular maintenance since they were rst built in the 1970s. This, coupled with the nations steadily growing population, has further put a strain on the ageing facilities, stretching them to the brink of collapse.
ReGionaL aViaTion HUB

One such facility is the nations principal air gateway, Nairobis Jomo Kenyatta International Airport (JKIA), which also provides

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ABOVE: $200 million makeover for JKIA FAR RIGHT: JKIA will be transformed into Africas premier aviation hub
a passenger and cargo hub for the whole region. Nairobis growing status as the regions aviation, communications, medical, banking and diplomatic hub has been a key factor in pushing up trafc at the airport in the past few years. Kenyas growing middle class and the expansion of small and medium-sized businesses have helped to fuel the growth in passenger and cargo trafc at the airport. So has the fact that multinational companies and businesses as well as non-governmental organisations (NGOs) have chosen Nairobi as the site of their regional headquarters.
In addition, Nairobi is the only Third World city to host the global headquarters of two major United Nations agencies the United Nations Environmental Programme (UNEP) and the United Nations Settlement Programme (UN-Habitat). This means that Nairobi plays host to high-level diplomatic meets all year round, with JKIA being the principal entry and exit point.
Expansion oF KenYa AiRwaYs

Meanwhile, national carrier Kenya Airways has embarked on an ambitious route expansion and eet modernisation programme in the past decade that has seen the airline increase its passenger and cargo volumes into and out of Nairobi. Today, the airline
JKIA STATISTICS
ITEM 2005
13,902 43,685 57,587 629,326 2,706,601 903,020 4,238,947 3,484,091 200,353,873 203,837,964
<< ACTUAL
2006
15,936 45,580 61,516 646,960 2,859,444 942,628 4,449,032 3,050,487 239,443,091 242,493,578
PROJECTED >>
2011
30,023 59,934 89,957 1,011,778 3,592,054 1,156,227 5,760,060 1,674,717 249,422,756 252,835,315
2007
23,479 49,213 72,692 850,085 3,060,469 951,152 4,861,706 1,257,946 275,623,371 276,881,317
2008
25,085 51,188 76,273 892,167 2,876,393 982,599 4,751,159 6,845,904 293,891,078 300,736,982
2009
25,004 55,191 80,195 908,774 3,163,013 1,006,181 5,077,968 1,264,179 261,805,894 263,070,073
2010
29,149 58,188 87,337 963,598 3,421,004 1,101,169 5,485,771 1,522,470 226,747,960 229,850,286
AIRCRAFT Domestic International Total PASSENGERS Domestic International Transit Total FREIGHT Domestic International Total

Handbook 2011-12
operates one of the youngest eets in the African skies and is continuously acquiring larger aircraft such as the Boeing 777. According to its CEO, Titus Naikuni, the rapid expansion of the national carrier is in line with its strategy to develop an airline-airport hub concept similar to KLM at Schiphol Airport in Amsterdam and British Airways at Heathrow Airport in London. Over the past decade Kenya Airways has expanded its routes in Africa, the Middle East and Asia, making it the fastest growing and most dominant airline in Africa, offering rst-rate connections worldwide. The expansion of Kenya Airways notwithstanding, Kenyas growing economy and the role played by Nairobi as a regional hub for products and services has attracted regional and international carriers to JKIA. The ripple effect of all the combined forces has been serious congestion at the airport, especially at peak times in the morning and evening.
17
gers and about 1 million tonnes of cargo. When construction is complete in 2013, JKIA is expected to have doubled in area from 25,662 square metres to 55,222 square metres. According to Engineer Stephen Gichuki, managing director of the KAA, the planned expansion at JKIA will not only increase the airports capacity but also turn it into Africas premier aviation hub, offering seamless international connections. According to Gichuki, the already completed Phase I has expanded aircraft parking space from 200,000 square metres with 23 stands to well over 300,000 square meters with 37 stands. Two additional taxiways were also constructed in Phase I. Also in Phase I, there is an expanded apron stretching from the soon-to-be-constructed Terminal 4 passenger complex to the cargo village. KAAs cargo commercial manager, William Simbah, said this would allow simultaneous loading of up to ve wide-bodied cargo aircraft compared with three previously. JKIA is one of the largest and fastest growing cargo hubs in Africa, thanks to a robust Kenyan economy and an everexpanding fresh produce subsector catering for the Kenyan and regional markets. To make sure the airport stays competitive, the KAA has issued tenders for the construction of three
$200 MiLLion Make-oVeR

Given all these factors, JKIA has come under intense pressure and its capacity has been stretched to the limit. Built 28 years ago, the airport was designed to handle about 2.5 million passengers a year, but now deals with about 5 million passengers. This has led to urgent demands for an immediate upgrade of the airport and auxiliary infrastructure to meet current demand and allow for future growth. Over the past two years, through the Kenya Airports Authority (KAA), the government has earmarked more than $200 million for rehabilitation and expansion of facilities at the airport. Under this three-phase programme, which commenced in 2007, the airports passenger and cargo handling capacity will be increased to meet current and projected demand. Once construction and upgrades are complete, its annual capacity will be increased to more than 10 million passen-
2012
30,924 61,732 92,656 1,062,367 3,771,657 1,214,039 6,048,063 1,842,189 274,365,032 278,118,846
2013
31,852 63,584 95,435 1,115,485 3,960,240 1,274,741 6,350,466 2,026,408 301,801,535 305,930,731
2014
32,807 65,491 98,299 1,171,259 4,158,252 1,338,478 6,667,989 2,229,048 331,981,688 336,523,804
2015
33,792 67,456 101,248 1,229,822 4,366,164 1,405,402 7,001,388 2,451,953 365,179,857 370,176,184
2016
34,805 69,480 104,285 1,291,313 4,584,473 1,475,672 7,351,458 2,697,148 401,697,843 407,193,803
2017
35,850 71,564 107,413 1,355,879 4,813,696 1,549,455 7,719,031 2,966,863 441,867,627 447,913,183
2018
36,925 73,711 110,636 1,423,673 5,054,381 1,626,928 8,104,982 3,263,550 486,054,390 492,704,501
2019
38,033 75,922 113,955 1,494,857 5,307,100 1,708,275 8,510,231 3,589,905 534,659,829 541,974,951
2020
39,174 78,200 117,374 1,569,600 5,572,455 1,793,688 8,935,743 3,948,895 588,125,812 596,172,446

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warehouses under a build, operate and transfer (BOT) arrangement. According to Gichuki, the whole of Phase I has been nanced by KAA at a total cost of US$40.2 million.
While many airports across the world have installed bollards or reinforced concrete blast walls to enhance security, JKIA is going a step further by keeping vehicle trafc away from the terminal buildings. Blast barriers and shrapnel protectors, disguised as planters, will guide cars toward a remote parking facility from where passengers will disembark and undergo security checks. Security will further be enhanced in Phase III by introducing separate facilities for departing and arriving passengers. Under the third and nal upgrading phase, KAA will construct an additional oor on all three termini so that arriving passengers will have their own space, separate from departing passengers. At a cost of US$92 million, Phase III will put the nal touches to JKIAs makeover. Under this phase, Terminals 1 and 2 and the international arrivals complex will be renovated. It will also include the construction of an airside corridor to separate arriving and departing passengers as well as the installation of 12 new boarding bridges. With the planned expansion under way, the strategic location of JKIA and the ever-growing status of Nairobi as a commercial and diplomatic hub, the airport is continuing to see a growth in aircraft movements. Foreign carriers have been ocking to JKIA over the past three years to take advantage of the new opportunities in the region.
EnHanCeD aiRpoRT seCURiTY

After some delays, the second and most critical expansion phase at JKIA has begun. According to Gichuki, this will involve construction of the long-awaited Terminal 4 passenger complex to help alleviate congestion. The new complex will handle domestic arrivals and departures as well as international arrivals. Total cost is put at US$72.3 million, with the World Bank contributing US$14 million. Phase II will include a new three-storey car park complex with a basement and a footbridge linking the car park to the arrivals terminal. This phase will also see the installation of seven new boarding gates, increasing the number of gates to 21. The second phase will not only transform JKIA into an ultramodern facility but will also make the airport more secure. In a post-September 11 world, airport security is of paramount importance. Kenya has borne the brunt of terrorism in the past and security was a key item to be considered at Africas secondbusiest airport.

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TRADEWINDS AVIATION GROUP

Tradewinds Aviation Group is a privately owned company based at the Jomo Kenyatta International Airport, Nairobi, Moi International Airport, Mombasa and Stansted Airport, UK. The group comprises Tradewinds Logistics and Tradewinds Aviation Services. It has been operating in Kenya for 18 years and has made a major contribution to the development of Kenyas aviation industry. Operating 24 hours a day, it employs over 700 highly skilled personnel. The groups services include:
KCAA PlANS FOR SAFER SkIES

Kenya Civil Aviation Authority (KCAA) was established on 24 October 2002 by the Civil Aviation (Amendment) Act 2002. Its mandate is to plan, develop, manage, regulate and operate a safe, economically sustainable and efcient civil aviation system in Kenya, in accordance with the provisions of the Civil Aviation Act Cap. 394. KCAA carries out its mandate through three Operational Directorates and one Support Directorate, namely, Aviation Safety Standards and Regulation, Air Navigation Services, East African School of Aviation and Corporate Services. These tasks are performed under the following key functions:
OPERATIoNAL SERVICEs
Aircraft handling (inbound and outbound), aircraft weight and balance, load supervision, crew transport and import export documentation. Its Nairobi base offers an extensive communications network providing up-to-the-minute information to crews and headquarters.
Oversight Functions: Aviation safety and security regulation to cover safety and security oversight and air transport economic regulation Service Provision (Operators): Air Navigation Services (ANS) and East African School of Aviation (EASA) in the provision of ANS services for the safe operation of aircraft in Kenyan and other delegated airspaces; and provision of aviation training Support Functions: Support services including nance; human capital and administration; internal audit and quality assurance; corporate communications; legal; procurement; ICT; and corporate planning services.
GENERAL CARgo
Large agent worldwide network ensures consignments are quickly and safely dispatched. Efcient cargo tracking and tracing systems. Excellent working relationships with the Nairobi warehouse operators: African Cargo Handling, Kenya Airfreight Handling, Transglobal Cargo Centre and Cargo Service Centre. Together these offer comprehensive warehousing services including strong rooms, cold rooms and animal handling.
Arrangement and management of inland haulage.
RAMP HANDLINg
Complete ground handling service at JKIA since 2004. From light aircraft to Boeing 747-400 and Antonov 124 Freighters. Extensive investment in ground handling equipment.

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Best of the best
JKIA AgAIN WINS ROUTES MARkETINg AWARD FOR AFRIcA

For the third time in a row, Jomo Kenyatta International Airport (JKIA) has won the prestigious Routes Marketing Award for the African Airports category. The award was presented to JKIA at the 16th World Routes Airport Marketing Awards in Vancouver in September 2010. Having clinched the coveted title in 2008 and in 2009, the latest award underlines the benets of the ongoing expansion programme at east and central Africas largest and busiest air hub. The expansion programme at JKIA began in 2007 and is due for completion by 2013. It will more than double the airports current capacity to 10 million passengers a year.
Lucy Mbugua KAA Marketing and Business Development General Manager

According to Simon Githaiga, Airport Manager of JKIA, the award could not have come at a better time: JKIA is undergoing a major expansion programme that will see its passenger capacity more than doubled, while cargo capacity will also be increased; and it has the largest and most modern fresh produce facility in Africa.
SECoND RUNWAY
Mr Githaiga said: We are currently at the second phase of the expansion programme that will witness the completion of Terminal 4 at JKIA and we are looking at constructing a second runway at JKIA once the third and nal phase of the expansion programme is completed in the next two years. Under this phase, Terminals 1, 2 and 3 will be refurbished and expanded by constructing another oor on top of the existing complex. According to Mr Githaiga, a second runway is critical for the future development and expansion of the airport as it transforms into an aviation hub for the region: it will not only come with auxiliary infrastructure, such as new terminal buildings and cargo handling terminals, but will also ensure a smooth operation at the airport should the current runway be rendered unusable in the event of an aircraft suffering a mechanical or technical failure. We have also witnessed increased interest from existing airlines that seek to add frequencies into Nairobi and new airlines that are seeking landing rights into the airport, said Mr Githaiga. Some other airlines have even inquired about landing the Airbus A380 at JKIA and it is some of these factors that are guiding us towards the next expansion phase of the airport once the ongoing expansion programme is complete. Mr Githaiga believes this kind of product improvement and expansion is a key factor in winning over many of the airlines now ying into Nairobi, who have consequently voted JKIA the best airport in Africa for the third time.
HEALThY AIRPoRT-AIRLINE RELATIoNshIP

Lucy Mbugua, the Kenya Airports Authority (KAA) General Manager in charge of marketing and business development, says the Routes Marketing Award is particularly prestigious since the votes are cast by the airports customers the airlines. She said: The award is indicative of the healthy relationship cultivated between the airlines and JKIA. While voting for the airports, the airlines consider a wide range of factors such as customer service and available airport facilities. Ms Mbugua added: The KAA has undertaken a number of marketing activities at JKIA focused on rewarding loyal customers, increasing airport capacity, expanding our market share while providing quality customer service. This award is a testament that we are on the right track as we have witnessed unprecedented growth of six per cent in passenger trafc, three per cent in aircraft trafc and a 7.4 per cent increase in cargo. According to Ms Mbugua, JKIAs success can be attributed to the quarterly customer satisfaction surveys and the product improvement exercise that have enabled the airport to deliver an improved service. This exercise in product improvement targets all the customer contact points, from entry to the airport to check-in, security, lounges, shopping, boarding, arrival procedures and landscaping as well as cargo.

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The ongoing modernisation and expansion of JKIA will most denitely give new impetus to the airport as it grows into a regional hub, said Ms Mbugua. This will bring in new carriers into Nairobi. The rapid expansion of our national carrier, Kenya Airways, over the last few years has also greatly helped improve the prole of JKIA as a vital hub that seamlessly connects passengers transiting through JKIA to destinations in Europe, Asia, the Middle East, eastern and central Africa, southern Africa and West Africa. It has greatly increased the number of city pairs and has consequently raised the prole of JKIA.
This will be achieved through the construction of a modern light rail transport system to link JKIA with Nairobis Central Business District. The GoK will be spending KES 800 million (US$10 million) on the rail link, which will connect JKIA with central Nairobi via Embakasi station. Construction is expected to take about eight months.
ABOVE: Approach road to Jomo Kenyatta International Airport (JKIA) BELOW: President Mwai Kibaki (left) commissions the expansion programme at JKIA. With him is the then KAA MD George Muhoho
BENChMARKINg WITh ThE bEsT

Aside from infrastructural upgrades, JKIA is benchmarking itself against some of the worlds best airports. According to Ms Mbugua, the airport is in talks with Seouls Incheon International Airport, arguably one of the largest and best airports in Asia, with a view to entering into a memorandum of understanding that will see the two airports exchange notes and learn from each other in terms of customer care and service. While the Government of Kenya (GoK) has pumped millions of dollars into the expansion and modernisation of JKIA, it is also investing heavily in other vital transport infrastructural programmes that are geared towards making that connection at JKIA smooth and hassle-free.

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Many regional and international cargo carriers have been looking to JKIA as their hub of choice
JKIA is Africas premier cargo hub
EXPANSION TURNS JKIA INTO A FRESH PRODUcE HUb

The ongoing expansion of Nairobis Jomo Kenyatta International Airport (JKIA) will not only enhance facilities at the regions largest and busiest airport but will underline its status as the passenger and cargo hub of choice for East and Central Africa. Boasting the largest air cargo business in Africa, fuelled by Kenyas booming horticulture and oriculture subsectors, JKIA has been taking decisive steps to meet growing cargo demand. According to William Simbah, cargo commercial manager at Kenya Airports Authority (KAA), the cargo business at JKIA, especially for fresh produce, has been on an upward path over several years. This includes an extension of the cargo apron at the termini and an expansion of the aircraft parking bays to accommodate more and larger freighters. According to Simbah, the cargo area has been expanded to handle at least eight wide-bodied cargo aircraft compared with three previously.
oPERATIoNs
Moreover, KAA is looking to consolidate operations at the cargo termini in a move that will see cargo handling companies relocate to the airside. According to Simbah, this will involve a centralisation of key handling activities, especially of perishable cargo, closer to the airside. This will help to safeguard cargo at JKIA, which was prone to pilferage when cargo had to be transported from the landside to the airside. Consolidation to the airside, notes Simbah, will further enhance security at the cargo termini and avoid duplication of duties. To meet the growing demand for cargo capacity at JKIA, the KAA has entered into a build, operate and transfer (BOT) agreement with major cargo handling companies at the airport. Under this agreement, the companies will install modern cargo termini to boost cargo capacity. This has seen the number of cargo termini at JKIA increase from two to ve, with plans to increase them to seven. Cargo termini now in operation at JKIA:
William Simbah Cargo Commercial Manager Kenya Airports Authority

The strategic location of Nairobi, at the crossroads of various trade routes, together with the rapid expansion of national carrier Kenya Airways, have also helped to push up cargo trafc at JKIA. Many regional and international cargo carriers have been looking to JKIA as their hub of choice to serve the growing cargo business from Kenya and the entire Great Lakes Region. In its efforts to expand capacity at JKIA and improve the infrastructure, the government, through the KAA, has so far invested more than KES 1.6 billion in expanding the cargo termini and associated infrastructure.
Kenya Airfreight Handling Limited (KAHL) The Nairobi Cargo Centre Transglobal Cargo Centre Swissport International Ltd Siginon Freight.

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ABOVE: Cargo aircraft at the expanded cargo facility at JKIA
JKIA EXPoRTs (Kg) December 2010

REGION FRESH PRODUCE FLOWERS
Europe 3,496,346 1,496,277 48,212 213,790 70,706 51,437 132,071 162,667 146,788 5,818,294 115,183 5,933,477 4,708,199 887,707 69,843 249,549 95,229 73,280 48,451 120,435 1,976 6,254,669 94,013 6,348,682
While cargo business at JKIA has been growing, it is fresh produce especially the ower subsector that has boomed in recent years and has led the demand for expanded facilities.
Middle East Far East East & Central Africa Indian Ocean Islands West Africa Southern Africa North Africa Other International Total International Total Domestic Grand total
CAPACITY
Statistics from the Kenya Flower Council (KFC) indicate that Africa supplies close to 80 per cent of ower demand to Europe, with more than half coming from Kenya alone. Thanks to the level of capacity and expertise that Kenya has developed in the ower farming and handling subsector, regional countries such as Tanzania, Uganda and Rwanda have been using the cargo facilities at JKIA to export their owers and other fresh farm produce to Europe. As a result, the airport has become Africas largest and most developed cargo hub for fresh produce, according to the KFC and KAA. The growth in this trafc has been exponential, with capacity for fresh produce handling at KAHL Freight Terminal being expanded from an initial 20,000 tonnes per year to 100,000 tonnes.
JKIA EXPoRTs (Kg) January 2010

REGION FRESH PRODUCE FLOWERS
Europe Middle East Far East East & Central Africa Indian Ocean Islands West Africa Southern Africa North Africa Other International Total International Total Domestic Grand total 2,879,256 1,517,645 30,986 299,468 30,969 6,933 159,784 272,551 150,317 5,347,909 1,015 5,348,924 5,068,368 552,357 6,878 361,966 2,284 1,856 147,986 224,910 47,486 6,414,091 6,414,091

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Siginon is aware of global trends in the industry and the new air cargo terminal is designed not only to meet the demands of the market but also to increase cargo handling capacity at JKIA. It will boost the airports capacity by an additional 9,000 square metres.
SIGINON GROUP
Siginon Group, one of the largest and longest-serving freight companies in Kenya, is to develop a state-of-the-art air cargo terminal at Nairobis Jomo Kenyatta International Airport (JKIA). Construction of the $10 million Siginon Air Cargo Terminal will be guided by high standards of global aviation security. The new terminal will contribute towards efcient handling operations while reducing costs and maximising cargo warehouse throughput capacity. Key facilities will include import and export warehouses, a perishable goods handling centre with cool and freezer chains, strong rooms, a dangerous goods area and security cages for valuable and vulnerable cargo. The Siginon Air Cargo Terminal will provide much needed capacity at a time when there has been an increase in cargo transport by air to and from Africa.
INFoRMATIoN TEChNoLogY
The growth of information communication technology (ICT) globally has provided Siginon with opportunities to leverage information technology (IT) expertise towards supporting business growth and enhancing operational efciency in its customer delivery. Siginon has adopted Cargospot, a global online cargo handling system which automates air cargo handling operations. Keeping in mind that air cargo is always time-critical, Cargospot provides Siginon customers with speedy, efcient and reliable cargo clearance at the touch of a button. To boost this further, Siginon business processes have been centralised through the adoption of SAP ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) business systems for efcient business management and enhanced customer service. SAP allows for linkages with various customer databases and systems, thus facilitating prompt invoicing and payment processing as well as sharing of information with customers.

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While cargo business at JKIA has been growing, it is fresh produce especially the ower subsector that has boomed in recent years and has led the demand for expanded facilities
CARGO IMPORTS
IMPORTS SPARES & GARMENTS/ ELECTRONICS PHARMA- MISC. EQUIPMENT TEXTILES/ CEUTICALS PERISHABLE CLOTHING CARGO Europe Middle East Far East East & Central Africa Indian Ocean Islands West Africa Southern Africa North Africa Other International Total International Total Domestic TOTAL 3,066,570 2,117,641 163,949 850,064 204,541 156,944 1,748,714 291,155 3,020 8,602,598 53,962 8,656,560 429,976 956,792 178,133 169,886 30,743 135,901 239,915 143,970 195 2,285,511 44,430 2,329,941 463,277 872,343 99,661 177,026 43,338 35,320 170,320 50,044 34,537 1,945,866 11,828 1,957,694 833,914 1,946,723 48,856 255,819 52,699 20,628 329,211 126,735 3,919 3,618,504 13,091 3,631,595 14,793,698 8,349,975 885,934 3,159,584 845,737 577,305 3,529,948 1,290,316 139,256 33,571,753 112,511 33,684,264 MISC. DRY CARGO 831,204 255,599 11,302 776,169 51,006 36,283 1,976,313 159,469 9,665 4,107,010 330,122 4,437,132 MAIL COURIER TOTAL
233,321 164,973 2,040 387,241 5,719 14,362 83,336 11,194 381 902,567 32,815 935,382
27,436 97,868 913 40,775 2,461 3,195 140,183 1,082 21 313,934 5,039 318,973
20,679,396 14,761,914 1,390,788 5,816,564 1,236,244 979,938 8,217,940 2,073,965 190,994 55,347,743 603,798 55,951,541
CARGO EXPORTS
EXPORTS FRESH FLOWERS MISC. GARMENTS/ ELECTRONICS SPARES & PRODUCE PERISHABLE TEXTILES/ EQUIPMENT PRODUCTS CLOTHING Europe Middle East Far East East & Central Africa Indian Ocean Islands West Africa Southern Africa North Africa Other International Total International Total Domestic TOTAL 50,529,831 83,091,997 24,017,261 14,075,982 6,495,785 137,997 1,021,836 535,266 57,168 1,138,438 2,970,349 - 90,764 688,321 86,692 25,923 581,007 5,212,237 - 1,868,505 82,472 689,524 111,753 138,758 338,411 1,083,706 6,069 1,207,261 146,420 8,292 742,234 230,080 204,215 423,455 74,233 3,006 3,039,196 116,936 3,156,132 83,589 145,145 9,041 500,586 34,405 107,790 300,460 51,751 136 1,232,903 7,161 1,240,064 684,297 180,609 12,796 2,633,960 112,729 345,253 1,119,547 580,393 5,546 5,675,130 77,162 5,752,292 MISC. DRY CARGO 4,716,086 1,288,051 48,591 6,681,699 362,201 1,050,573 3,543,466 1,033,778 39,803 18,764,248 179,943 MAIL COURIER TOTAL
124,359 14,175 11,125 142,935 19,254 39,700 194,734 10,387 267 556,936 7,549
3,658 5,819 247 4,732 5,590 8,601 2,000 - - 30,647 19
164,458,339 24,220,491 401,325 13,105,827 1,497,970 1,977,981 7,641,518 11,016,834 54,827 224,375,112 632,703 225,007,815
70,466,867 96,272,726 28,336,459 93,226 99,004 51,703
70,560,093 96,371,730 28,388,162
18,944,191 564,485 30,666
TOTAL INTERNATIONAL
279,722,855
TOTAL DOMESTIC
1,236,501
GRAND TOTAL
280,959,357

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FOR PASSENgER AND AIRcRAFT SAFETY AT JKIA

Ofcials at Nairobis increasingly busy Jomo Kenyatta International Airport are working day and night to deal with safety and security problems caused by birds. According to George Amutete, the Kenya Airports Authority (KAA) Wildlife Control Manager stationed at JKIA, there has been a marked increase in bird activity at or close to the airport, with large numbers of them criss-crossing the runway and ight paths. This is attributable to a number of factors, said Amutete. Some of these factors can be remedied while other factors are natural and are beyond our control. However, we are working around the clock to ensure that these birds are kept away from the airport precincts and our work is bearing fruit. According to Amutete, since the Wildlife Control Division was established under the Safety & Security Department in 2006 there has been a marked decrease in conicts between aircraft and wildlife at JKIA. Amutete said: While the fence easily takes care of the small and large animals from straying into the airport precincts, it is the birds and insects that are difcult to keep away and even control. It is very tricky, and we have to use all the bird behavioural habits that we know of to try to keep them away, since they roam freely in the air and cannot be restricted by physical boundaries or barriers. There has been a marked increase in birdlife in recent years. According to Amutete, the biggest factor is the Dandora landll site, located 15 km from the airport, which attracts birds of all kinds from Nairobi National Park.
Keeping the birds awaY
PEAK TIMES
JKIA is sandwiched between the national park to the south and the landll to the north, so that the birds y over its busy ight paths and runway. The ritual is repeated each morning and late afternoon as the birds commute to and from the landll. These are also the peak times for aircraft landings and takeoffs at JKIA. In the mornings, we have the long-haul ights from Europe and Asia arriving, said Amutete. There are also ights from West Africa coming in. There are also numerous local and regional ights going out, while in the late afternoons and early evenings we have the regional ights coming in and some longhaul ights departing. This is the critical time when a bird can be easily sucked into an aircrafts engine, and the consequences would be disastrous. Even though Amutete and his team are working to ensure that a bird strike does not occur, these are the busiest times for them as they continuously patrol the ight paths and clear the air space around and above the runway. According to Amutete, the landll has attracted all kinds of birds including dangerous large birds such as eagles, marabou storks and vultures.
PERIMETER FENCE
He says this was achieved thanks to various security and animal control measures such as fencing off the entire perimeter area of the airport to help keep away animals. Owing to the proximity of Nairobi National Park and open spaces on the east side of the airport, small and large animals, including gazelle, hyena and even zebra, were known to venture deep into the airport precincts, some grazing within a few metres of the runway. With passenger and aircraft safety in mind, the KAA invested KES 200 million in fencing off the whole airport land so as to keep animals out as well as enhance security. The concrete foundation of the perimeter fence is sunk 15 cm underground and the fence is 9 ft high so that small animals cannot dig under it and larger animals cannot jump over it.

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In addition, small insects are attracted to the airport, especially at night when it is oodlit. This, in turn, attracts birds. We have also noted a radical shift in bird behaviour over the last few years, said Amutete. For instance, herons do not y at night, but now they are resting during the day and are ying into the airport at night to feed on the nocturnal insects that are attracted to the airport by the bright oodlights. This is totally new to us and we have to deal with it. It is some form of adaptation.
FAR LEFT: Bird control experts at JKIA. They use solar-powered bird scaring equipment to keep away birds form the airport ABOVE: The Wildlife Control team at JKIA
REsIDENTIAL EsTATEs
Other man-made problems contributing to the increase in the local bird population include the rapidly growing Eastlands housing estates, which are close to the area used by departing aircraft. The rapid expansion of the Athi River and Kitengela industrial and residential areas has also attracted more birds to the area, mainly because some of the new housing estates are not planned and lack basic water and sewerage. Amutete and his team have been using all means to keep away the birds and maintain the safety of passengers and aircraft. They use both simple and sophisticated methods. The most basic is rubber catapults and slingshots, but they also have two solar-powered machines that produce noises to scare the birds away.
He went on: Other government agencies that we are working with include the Kenya Wildlife Service (KWS), who have helped by fencing off part of the Nairobi National Park to help keep away small and large animals, as well as the National Museums of Kenya (NMK), who have bird experts. They help us in studying the behavioural life and patterns of the birds that we normally spotted within the airport precincts. Under the Wildlife Hazard Management Plan (WHMP), which brings together the KAA, the NCC, the KWS, the NMK and the National Environmental Management Authority (NEMA), the Wildlife Control Division at KAA has been able to employ both reactive and proactive methods to curb the bird strikes. Long-term remedies being sought by the KAA in collaboration with other agencies include relocation of the landll and the provision of vital services such as sewerage in the new residential developments. The NCC will be working with government agencies to oversee the provision of such services and to ensure proper planning of the new housing estates and industrial complexes. According to Amutete, there has been a drastic reduction in bird strikes at the airport since the Wildlife Control Division was set up in 2006. He said: Of course, you cannot completely eliminate the bird threat. No airport in the world can do this. The challenge for us is to keep it at the very minimal to ensure the safety of the passengers and aircraft that use JKIA and other airports across the country that are under the management of the KAA.
STAKEhoLDER PARTICIPATIoN
In addition, Amutete and his team liaise with other government agencies to help deal with the bird threat. We are working in close collaboration with Nairobi City Council to help in the planning and installation of essential water and sewerage services in the mushrooming housing estates close to the airport, said Amutete. We have also engaged the NCC in talks that will eventually have the Dandora landll moved to another location away from the airport.

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BELOW: The passenger terminal building at Moi International Airport, Mombasa
Mombasa International Airport
TOURISm SPURS gROWTH AT MOmbASA
Yatich Kangugo Airport Manager Moi International Airport

The bustling city of Mombasa is home to one of Africas busiest seaports, providing a vital gateway for trade with East and Central Africa. But there is another side to Mombasa, which is also a resort city boasting some of the worlds nest beaches. Today, Mombasa is a popular tourism destination, especially with European visitors, who can y direct to the citys Moi International Airport (MIA) from various places across Europe. Tourism is one of Kenyas top foreign exchange earners and is the largest employer at the coast. Thanks to its efcient air links with Europe, Mombasa has become the regions holiday destination of choice. From its humble beginnings as a small airstrip, developed just after the Second World War, the airport has grown in stature to become not only Kenyas second-largest airport, but a critical driver of Kenyas expanding tourism industry. According to Kenya Tourism Board (KTB), the airport has a pivotal role to play in this sector because of the very large number of leisure tourists from Europe who enter and leave the country via Moi International Airport. Formerly Port Reitz Airport, it was expanded to handle larger aircraft such as the Boeing 747 and was renamed Moi International Airport in 1978 after it was expanded to handle inter-
MIA STATISTICS
ITEM
AIRCRAFT
<< ACTUAL
2005
11,370 4,638 16,008 543,895 462,906 52,930 1,059,731 2,169,614 6,005,403 8,175,017
PROJECTED >>
2011
9,605 6,563 26,168 723,811 497,430 113,391 1,334,632 517,402 8,434,709 8,984,901

Domestic International
2006
13,816 5,293 19,109 553,664 573,767 76,943 1,204,374 1,629,896 7,968,297 9,598,193
2007
17,488 5,549 23,037 649,446 604,823 91,517 1,345,786 1,077,921 8,218,347 9,296,268
2008
13,642 3,174 16,816 570,680 235,277 80,837 886,794 903,721 5,256,977 6,160,698
2009
16,454 4,877 21,331 657,383 356,871 99,620 1,113,874 832,231 5,644,158 6,476,389
2010
19,034 6,372 25,406 689,344 473,743 107,991 1,271,078 470,365 7,667,917 8,168,092
Total PASSENGERS Domestic FREIGHT International Transit Domestic International
Total
Total

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national ights and a modern passenger terminal building was built to handle tourists ying in from Europe.
ToURIsM DEVELoPMENT
As Kenyas tourism sector underwent tremendous growth, the airport was stretched to capacity and a KES 5.5 billion expansion programme was carried out. This included the building of a second passenger terminal in 1996 and refurbishment of the runway, taxiways and apron as well as an expansion of the passenger apron and construction of a general aviation apron.
As the Kenyan economy continues to grow, MIA will go on handling more passengers and aircraft. Key factors in this growth include the development of Destination Mombasa as a resort of choice; and the growing conference and domestic tourism sector at the coast. Kenya Airports Authority (KAA) predicted that trafc through MIA would continue to grow at an average of 5.5 per cent between 2008 and 2018 and an average of 4.4 per cent between 2018 and 2028. According to KAA statistics, the best year for the airport was 2007, at the height of Kenyas tourism boom, when it recorded some 1.27 million passengers and 17,247 aircraft movements.
2012
20,193 6,760 26,953 760,002 522,302 119,060 1,401,363 569,142 9,278,180 9,883,391
2013
20,799 6,963 27,762 798,002 548,417 125,013 1,471,432 626,056 10,205,998 10,871,730
2014
21,423 7,172 28,595 837,902 575,838 131,264 1,545,003 688,661 11,226,597 11,958,903
2015
22,066 7,387 29,453 879,797 604,629 137,827 1,622,253 757,528 2,349,257 13,154,794
2016
22,728 7,609 30,336 923,787 634,861 144,718 1,703,366 833,280 13,584,183 14,470,273
2017
23,409 7,837 31,246 969,976 666,604 151,954 1,788,534 916,608 14,942,601 15,917,301
2018
24,112 8,072 32,184 1,018,475 699,934 159,552 1,877,961 1,008,269 16,436,861 17,509,031
2019
24,835 8,314 33,149 1,069,399 734,931 167,529 1,971,859 1,109,096 18,080,547 19,259,934
2020
25,580 8,563 34,144 1,122,869 771,677 175,906 2,070,452 1,220,006 19,888,602 21,185,927

Handbook 2011-12
30
REFURbIshMENT
To enhance the delivery of services and support the growing tourism sector, the government, through the KAA, is gradually refurbishing the infrastructure at MIA. Planned works include: Milling of the top 50 mm of the entire runway pavements, regulation of the surface to restore the cross-section geometry and laying of a new 50 mm asphalt wearing course. To avoid rapid wear and tear it is recommended that the touchdown zones be reconstructed in rigid pavement.
SEAPoRT-AIRPoRT hUb
Away from tourism, the airport is set to benet handsomely once the proposed Mombasa Free Port is up and running. The airport can expect a signicant rise in passenger and cargo trafc as a result of linkages to be created in what experts call the seaport-airport hub concept. MIA currently handles 18 scheduled and chartered ights from Europe and more than 20 regional connections.
CARgo
MIA has one cargo facility capable of handling 500 tonnes of cargo export and import trafc per month. Handling agent is Kenya Airfreight Handling Ltd (KAHL). The cargo facility includes: Export warehouse, 5,110 sq ft Import warehouse, 5,380 sq ft Radioactive room, 100.4 sq ft Strongroom, 841.1 sq ft
Reconstruction of some section of the taxiways, milling, regulation and laying a new asphalt wearing course for the taxiways and aprons. Removal and replacement of pre-cast concrete slabs that have extensive cracks and repair of joints and cracks in slabs with isolated cracks. Refurbishment of the aireld lighting system, including new lighting masts and towers. Refurbishment of the runway and apron edge lighting including replacement of burnt primary cables, replacement of constant current regulators (CCRs), precision approach path indicator (PAPI) units, apron oodlight ttings and high voltage switchgear at substations.
Security cage, 328.17 sq ft Freezer room, 15.25 sq m Cold room, 25 sq m
Improvement to the drainage system to protect the runway and taxiways from subsurface water inltration and as part of environmental improvements. The refurbishment programme at MIA is being nanced by the World Bank with tendering expected soon.
55 ofces of various sizes 150 vehicle parking slots Communications facilities (telephone, fax, email, etc).

Handbook 2011-12
Away from tourism, the airport is set to benet handsomely once the proposed Mombasa Free Port is up and running
MIA FACTs AND FIgUREs

AIRPORT IDENTIFICATION: HKMO LONGITUDE: LATITUDE: ELEVATION: RUNWAYS: MAGNETIC VARIATION: LAND AREA: TAXIWAYS: APRONS: PASSENGER APRON: 03935.52E 0401 43. 08S 59.74 m (196 ft above sea level) There are two runways: 3,350 m by 45 m (21/03) 1,260 m by 36 m (33/15) 1 W 539 ha Taxiway system includes:
31
TRANSITIONAL ALTITUDE: 3,000 ft
AVERAGE TEMPERATURE: 32.7C
A parallel taxiway 3,564 m by 23 m designated A Exit taxiways 23 m wide marked B, C & D Connecting taxiways 23 m wide marked K, L Connecting taxiways (for small aircraft) marked H, J Isolated area at Taxiway F, west end of RWY 15 Military taxiway (old apron) marked M Main apron General aviation apron Military apron The passenger apron consists of rigid pavement bays at the main gear positions of the aircraft. The surrounding area is exible pavement between the rigid pavement and Terminals 1 & 2. There is also a ground safety service road, plus a static tank and a lawn. Capacity of the current apron conguration: Main apron 1 - 9 bays General aviation apron 1 - 14 bays (for small aircraft)
Military apron (bays are not marked but can hold two wide-bodied, ve medium-bodied and nine small aircraft). TERMINAL BUILDINGS: The airport has four terminals. Terminal 1 has international / domestic departures and international / domestic arrivals. Terminal 2 is used for international departures only General aviation terminal for local departures to tourist destinations and local airports and airstrips like Wilson, Malindi, Ukunda and Manda Island. Cargo terminal for uplift of cargo exports and imports. SERVICES AND FACILITIES: State pavilion VP/VIP lounge First-class lounge Business lounge Administrative units based at Terminal 1 & 2 freight Freight terminal south of Terminal 1 Control tower Service building for power and water supply Police station Workshops Two hangars Several canteens Specialised freight area Telephone exchange Standby generators Post ofce Banks Bureaux
TOP: The terminal building at Moi International Airport ABOVE: Tourists arrive
SOURCE: Kenya Airports Authority

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33
Peter Wafula Airport Manager Eldoret International Airport

Kenyas third-largest international air hub (after Nairobi and Mombasa) is Eldoret International Airport (EIA), located 16 km south of the countrys fth-largest city, Eldoret. Eldoret was developed in 1995 and commissioned in 1998 with the aim of opening up the agriculturally rich North Rift region and western Kenya to global markets. The oriculture and horticulture subsector was seen as a viable source of business for the new airport. Since the construction of EIA, new horticulture and oriculture farms have sprung up in and around Eldoret town, with more than 400,000 hectares now given over to horticulture. The towns growing industrial base was also considered a strong factor in helping to develop business for the airport. It provided a new export gateway for local farmers and industrialists rather than taking their produce and products by road to Nairobi for shipment via JKIA.
AIRPORT STImUlATES HORTIcUlTURE INDUSTRY IN REgION

As well as a catalyst for new investment and the expansion of business and farming activities in the region, EIA was seen as a tool for development of tourism in western Kenya, providing direct ights between Eldoret and other airports within Kenya, across the region and in the key markets of Europe. The development of this facility would greatly reduce travel time from Nairobi and other destinations.
Cargo is big business for Eldoret following make-over
TRANsFoRMATIoN INTo A REgIoNAL CARgo hUb

Although EIA suffered teething troubles in its rst decade of operation, the Government of Kenya, through the Kenya Airports Authority (KAA), went back to the drawing board to chart out a new future for the airport. The result was a new plan to transform the airport into an inuential cargo hub not only for the North Rift and western Kenya but for the entire Great Lakes region.

Handbook 2011-12
The turning point came in February 2007 when Canken International Ltd, a privately owned company, commissioned a 150 tonne capacity dry cargo warehouse at EIA. Along with the existing warehouse, this more than doubled the airports dry cargo capacity. The transformation of EIA into a regional cargo hub of choice was further underlined when a 230 tonne capacity cold store was commissioned, leading to the rst export of perishable goods from the airport in October 2007. This has given the airport a competitive edge in the region, where it is quickly becoming the preferred export point for perishables.
Although Eldoret is focused on cargo, it also handles passengers. Trafc has grown steadily from 2,036 passengers in its rst months of operation in 1997 to 88,494 passenger movements in 2008. AirKenya, Fly540 and JetLink Express are among those operating passenger ights between EIA and Nairobi. However, it is cargo trafc that continues to record impressive growth. EIA has the capacity to handle both imports and exports comfortably thanks to the existing 300 tonne warehouse and the new 230 tonne cold store. The business of exporting owers and perishables via EIA has been gradually expanding over the past few years and there is scope for further growth.
EIA STATISTICS
ITEM
AIRCRAFT
<< ACTUAL
2005
1,676 256 1,932 19,490 87 85 19,662 91,138 8,330,727 8,421,865
PROJECTED >>
2011
4,283 210 4,493 72,696 30 14,717 87,443 - 8,060,846 8,060,846

Domestic International
2006
2,169 239 2,408 27,142 124 250 27,516 - 9,750,985 9,750,985
2007
3,994 309 4,303 51,612 57 2,360 54,029 2,550 11,888,143 11,890,693
2008
5,859 299 6,158 85,049 134 12,838 98,021 13,000 8,635,090 8,648,090
2009
3,507 236 3,743 68,620 60 12,013 80,693 73,739 7,175,508 7,249,247
2010
4,158 204 4,362 69,234 29 14,016 83,279 - 7,328,042 7,328,042
Total PASSENGERS Domestic FREIGHT International Transit Domestic International
Total
Total

Handbook 2011-12
EIA is served by various local and international cargo carriers including Emirates SkyCargo, which operates a Boeing 747-400 to and from Dubai. Other cargo carriers include Cargolux, Egypt Air Cargo and Qatar Air Cargo.
35
REVENUE AT EIA
Recently, the airport has seen a shift of emphasis from its traditional dependency on aviation revenue to non-aviation sources of revenue. This has prompted the KAA to introduce a programme of afforestation. In the past three years, EIA has planted more than 600 acres of eucalyptus trees in a bid to offset carbon emissions at the airport. KAA has also planted 100 acres of trees at the Eldoret Airstrip. Since its inception, the growth in revenue at EIA has been impressive. A case in point is the nancial year ended June 2009, when revenue increased by 49.5 per cent. Total revenue for that year was KES 60,983,561 compared with KES 40,788,287 in the previous year a growth of KES 20,195,274. This surpassed the budget by nine per cent. Revenue was generally boosted by an increase in passenger service charges and landing fees (aeronautical revenue); and increased occupancy of ofce space and cargo concession (non-aeronautical).
The airport has seen a shift of emphasis from its traditional dependency on aviation revenue to non-aviation sources of revenue
BUsINEss oPPoRTUNITIEs
EIA offers many opportunities for business and investment. They include: I Property and estates Farmland in the airport and its outlying airstrips can be utilised through joint venture schemes with investors or leased out for agricultural use.
II Construction of hangars There is scope for aircraft maintenance companies to construct hangars. EIA is keen to persuade investors to set up a ying school at the airport to complement the many colleges in town offering aviation courses.
TOP LEFT: Eldoret International Airport is served by a range of local and international cargo carriers LEFT: EIA is Kenyas third-largest airport
2012
4,411 216 4,628 76,330 32 15,453 91,815 - 8,866,931 8,866,931
2013
4,544 223 4,766 80,147 34 16,225 96,406 - 9,753,624 9,753,624
2014
4,680 230 4,909 84,154 35 17,037 101,226 - 10,728,986 10,728,986
2015
4,820 236 5,057 88,362 37 17,888 106,287 - 11,801,885 11,801,885
2016
4,965 244 5,208 92,780 39 18,783 111,602 - 12,982,073 12,982,073
2017
5,114 251 5,365 97,419 41 19,722 117,182 - 14,280,281 14,280,281
2018
5,267 258 5,526 102,290 43 20,708 123,041 - 15,708,309 15,708,309
2019
5,425 266 5,691 107,405 45 21,743 129,193 - 17,279,140 17,279,140
2020
5,588 274 5,862 112,775 47 22,831 135,653 19,007,054 19,007,054
Kenya Airports Authority

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37
LEFT: KAA afforestation programme at EIA 3 RIGHT: The passenger complex at EIA
EIA FaCTS aND FiGUReS

AIRPORT IDENTIFICATION: HKEL, ELD LONGITUDE: LATITUDE: ELEVATION: RUNWAYS: LAND COVERAGE: TAXIWAYS: 3655.33E 0119.07S 6,847.97 ft above sea level Two runways on one stretch Designation 08/26 Runway is 3,500 metres long 762 hectares Taxiway system includes: Link taxiways, 23 metres wide, marked A and B
III Retail services This includes duty-free shopping areas, shopping malls, email services and telecommunications.
IV Concessions Scope for a range of businesses, including restaurants, warehousing, fuel supply, ground handling, taxi services and airline businesses. EIA currently has two cold stores of about 230 tonnes capacity. The airport is keen to encourage private developers to construct new cold storage facilities. One developer has shown interest and has been put in contact with the legal department.
Holding bays at western end of the runway. Holding 08 PASSENGER APRON: TERMINAL BUILDING: FACILITIES: Loop taxiways at northern threshold R/W26 The passenger apron is made up of asphalt bays at the main gear positions of the aircraft. The surrounding area is also asphalt and the airside road in front of the terminal is concrete. Capacity of the current apron conguration: One wide-bodied (for example, Boeing 767) Three medium haul Airbus 300 aircraft Four light aircraft (Fokker 50, Dash 8) Terminal building has two areas: International departures and arrivals Domestic departures and arrivals Administrative and technical area north of the terminal and freight to the south, including: Control tower VIP lounge Passenger apron / freighter
V Banking facilities There is adequate space for banks and ATM machines.
EIA eNViRONMeNTaL CONTRiBUTiON

EIA has maintained its leading position as an environmentally concerned organisation, not only in terms of the airports own working environment but also in regard to the surrounding area. EIA has planted well over 600 acres of eucalyptus trees with the capacity to absorb 1,000 tonnes of carbon dioxide per year and to positively affect rain distribution, thus helping the local people. Further plantations have included the Kitale and Eldoret airstrips. The local communities are proud of the airport because of its concern to maintain a clean environment. Thanks to the EIA initiative, this process is likely to be replicated at other airports.
Terminal building composed of departure unit, arrivals domestic and international Service building for power and water supply Police divisional ofce Staff canteen Workshops Water treatment plant Health centre
TOTAL PASSENGERS HANDLED SINCE AIRPORT CONSTRUCTION: Over 440,000 TOTAL CARGO HANDLED SINCE AIRPORT CONSTRUCTION:
Over 90 million tonnes

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38
SUpportiNG toUrism aNd aid efforts iN the reGioN
Wilson grows to be Africas busiest light aircraft airport
Amoas Chena Wilson Airport Manager

This new site, originally called Nairobi Aerodrome, had two murram runways, built by the Public Works Department in 1933. Imperial Airways commenced airmail services between Kisumu and Nairobi soon after. The aerodrome was renamed Wilson Airport in 1962 by the government as a tribute to Ms Wilson for her pioneering work in developing aviation in Kenya. This marked the rst stage in the evolution of the present-day airport, which now serves private, chartered and scheduled international and domestic short-haul ights.
Nairobis Wilson Airport (WAP) is Africas busiest gateway for light aircraft as well as being Kenyas rst and oldest airport. The airport is in the southern suburbs, off Langata Road, less than 10 km from the city centre. The Uhuru Monument, commemorating Kenyas independence in 1963, is nearby. Wilson Airport is named in honour of Florrie Wilson, who in July 1929 formed Wilson Airways Ltd, operating from a former First World War aireld at Dagoretti Corner. This site was later abandoned in favour of the present location of Wilson Airport.
CRiTiCaL ROLe
WAP also plays a critical role in the development of Kenyas tourism industry, with many domestic and charter ights to destinations across the country, including the seaside resorts of Mombasa, Diani, Malindi, Lamu and Manda islands. Flights to Kenyas game parks and reserves such as Masai Mara, Amboseli, Samburu, Tsavo and Meru also use WAP. Each day, the airport handles 160 to 180 landings and takeoffs, rising to 200 at the peak of the tourism season. Tourism and charter ights are the airports main economic drivers, with business and relief ights following close behind.
WAP STATISTICS
ITEM
AIRCRAFT
<< ACTUAL
2005
57,069 10,637 67,706 217,630 28,170 245,800 397,335 5,815,123 6,212,458
PROJECTED >>
2011
69,622 6,460 76,082 235,875 18,549 254,424 103,928 2,736,091 2,840,019

Domestic International Total
2006
58,292 10,468 68,760 258,112 37,980 296,092 269,521 5,694,006 5,963,527
2007
67,878 8,510 76,388 293,027 39,726 332,753 501,802 3,081,728 3,583,530
2008
57,033 7,550 64,583 220,407 18,469 238,876 98,704 3,667,244 3,765,948
2009
59,062 6,669 65,731 211,779 16,192 227,971 66,883 4,267,787 4,334,670
2010
67,594 6,272 73,866 224,643 17,666 242,309 94,480 2,487,355 2,581,835
PASSENGERS Domestic FREIGHT International Total Domestic International Total

Handbook 2011-12
FaCTS aND FiGUReS

AIRPORT IDENTIFICATION: HKNW (WLN) LONGITUDE: LATITUDE: ELEVATION: Runway: 11916.578S 364853.881E 5,536 ft
39
Transitional altitude: 220 0 There are two runways running approximately at right angles: Runway 07/25 is 1,463 m by 24 m
Runway 14/32 is 1,558 m by 24 m wide with displaced threshold giving a landing distance of 1,350 m Land coverage: Passenger apron: Facilities: 13.3 ha Total of 0.84 ha of tarmacked apron Control tower Fire station Airport management and maintenance Airport security Fire, crash and rescue services
As well as serving the tourism sector, WAP has a thriving cargo business and is a logistics hub for local and international aid organisations, which own and charter small aircraft and helicopters for humanitarian missions across Kenya and in the Great Lakes Region. Aid organisations use the facility to airlift emergency food and medicine to remote locations.
Services provided by KAA:
Common-user engineering services, aireld lighting, roads, power, lighting, water and sewerage Regional air operations provided by other organisations: Charter companies:
GaTewaY
The airport is also a vital export gateway for the popular miraa (or khat) trade. Traders from Meru, where this mild stimulant herb is commercially grown, export their produce through the airport to markets in Somalia.
Flying doctor and air ambulance Missionary aviation Regional locust control Aerial crop spraying Aerial survey and mapping Charter ights serving over 30 tour operators
Passenger facilities, booking, ticketing, baggage weighing and handling Aviation-related services: Agents of private aircraft owners Freight ying Flying schools Aircraft maintenance facilities Aircraft fuel supply Sales of aircraft Sales of aircraft radios and instruments
From a single airline several decades ago, WAP is now home to over 200 operators with more than 400 aircraft. Over the past three years, the airport has registered growth of between ve and 10 per cent as a result of Kenyas economic and tourism expansion.
2012
71,710 6,654 78,364 247,669 19,477 267,146 114,321 3,009,700 3,124,020
2013
73,862 6,854 80,715 260,052 20,451 280,503 125,753 3,310,670 3,436,422
2014
76,078 7,059 83,137 273,055 21,473 294,528 138,328 3,641,736 3,780,065
2015
78,360 7,271 85,631 286,708 22,547 309,255 152,161 4,005,910 4,158,071
2016
80,711 7,489 88,200 301,043 23,674 324,717 167,377 4,406,501 4,573,878
2017
83,132 7,714 90,846 316,095 24,858 340,953 184,115 4,847,151 5,031,266
2018
85,626 7,945 93,571 331,900 26,101 358,001 202,526 5,331,866 5,534,393
2019
88,195 8,184 96,378 348,495 27,406 375,901 222,779 5,865,053 6,087,832
2020
90,841 8,429 99,270 365,920 28,776 394,696 245,057 6,451,558 6,696,615

Handbook 2011-12
40
Malindi set to handle direct international flights

Malindi Airport is less than 3 km south of the oceanside resort town of Malindi. The town is a former Arab settlement that once rivalled Mombasa City to the south. The Portuguese navigator, Vasco da Gama, visited Malindi in April 1498 in the course of trying to establish a sea route from Europe to India. The town still has a reputation for hospitality and is considered one of the top holiday destinations in Africa, while its beaches are among the best in the world. Little wonder that Malindi plays host to many local and foreign tourists seeking the ultimate in relaxation on the Kenyan coast.
Walter Agong Airport Manager Malindi

The hospitable role of Malindi has continued from the days when it hosted Portuguese seafarers in the 15th century through to modern times, when the rst tourist hotel was built in the Swahili town. The Eden Roc Hotel opened in 1957 and is still in existence to this day. A small airstrip was built within the grounds of the hotel to receive international tourists.
aRRiVaLS
As tourist arrivals into Malindi continued to grow, the then colonial government decided to relocate the airport to its current location on the southern outskirts of the town. Today, Malindi
FaCTS aND FiGUReS

Longitude: Latitude: Elevation: Runway: 31323.679S 40601.891E 22.25 m (73 F) / 29.5 C There are two runways:
Primary runway is 1,402 metres long and 30 metres wide Secondary runway is 1,128 metres long and 20 metres wide Magnetic variation: Taxiways: Apron: Navigational aids: Terminal building: 171/351 Secondary runway is linked with apron by one liaison taxiway 15 metres wide. Apron area is about 4,500 metres square and can accommodate two aircraft of F-50 type. Airport has adequate navigational aids Passenger terminal is a single-storey building, 300 metres square, with three main parts:
Terminal part consisting of a common arrival and departure hall including a bar, cafeteria, ticketing ofce, check-in weighing desk and embarkation lounge Ofce block for airport staff Private VIP lounge on apron side near a small garden.
Facilities and Services: Airport is equipped with a synoptic meteorological station behind the re station Fuel farm at western side of apron has a storage capacity of 15 cubic metres of AV-GAS and 35 cubic metres of JET-A1 Control tower and ATC block are west of the terminal. This is a two-storey building with a visual control room on the upper oor

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41
The town still has a reputation for hospitality and is considered one of the top holiday destinations in Africa
Airport has been transformed into a vital engine for the local tourism-based economy, which is now booming. However, because of the towns growing importance as a tourist destination and the subsequent expansion of its economy, the KAA has already nished the conceptualisation of the upgrading of Malindi to an international airport under Kenyas Vision 2030. This will mean that the airport will be in a position to handle direct international ights, especially charter ights from Europe, the starting point for most of Malindis holiday visitors. The completion of a new passenger terminal forms the central part of the upgrading work.
ABOVE: Malindi is growing in importance as a tourist destination BELOW: KAA is looking to upgrade Malindi to an international airport capable of handling direct international ights
MaNaGeMeNT
The Kenya Airports Authority (KAA) took over the management and running of Malindi Airport in 1992. But while the airport serves a huge number of foreign tourists, it does not handle direct international ights. They have to land rst at Nairobis Jomo Kenyatta International Airport or Mombasas Moi International Airport for Customs clearance before they can proceed to Malindi as domestic ights.

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42
ReadY for iNterNatioNal statUs
Kisumu Airport set for take-off with expansion of EAC

On the banks of Lake Victoria, the worlds second-largest freshwater lake, Kisumu is Kenyas most westerly and thirdlargest city. It has a central location in the expanded East African Community that includes Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Rwanda and Burundi. Kisumu has good road and rail links with major towns and cities in Kenya and across the border into Uganda and Tanzania. It also has marine connections to major inland ports in Uganda and Tanzania. However, it is the development of an efcient aviation hub at Kisumu that has excited the region. Kisumu Airport, on the western outskirts of the city, is one of Kenyas fastest-growing airports. Developed as one of the countrys rst airports, Kisumu has witnessed continued growth in the past 10 years as the western region of Kenya continues to open up economically and the demand for efcient domestic air services goes on growing. From its humble beginnings in the 1930s, when the city was served by seaplane ights taking off and landing on the nearby lake, Kisumu Airport has continued to grow in stature over the years. In recent years the government, through the Kenya Airports Authority (KAA), has taken steps to rehabilitate and expand the airport, especially as demand for air travel to and from Kisumu
Joseph Okumu Airport Manager Kisumu Airport

and the entire western region continues to grow, with local and regional airlines looking to start up or expand operations there. KAA has now completed rehabilitating and upgrading the existing facilities, including a modern passenger terminal that will help ease congestion during peak hours. Completion of the work wand the extension of the runway will now see Kisumu upgraded from a domestic to an international airport. Through this expansion programme, KAA aims to: Sustain the airports trafc-handling capacity Expand facilities to accommodate future growth in domestic, regional and international trafc Expand facilities to accommodate international cargo trafc. The expansion of Kisumu Airport has been determined by a recent feasibility study by Netherlands Airport Consultants (NACO), which concluded that its existing facilities could accommodate only light aircraft operating in the domestic market and would struggle to handle medium-range passenger and freight aircraft serving regional and international markets. The study also noted that the airport lacked the infrastructure to allow leasing of land for development of aircraft maintenance hangars, freight-handling facilities and cold stores.
KISUMU AIRPORT STATISTICS

ITEM
AIRCRAFT
<< ACTUAL
2006
3,331 160 3,491 108,353 515 812 109,680
PROJECTED >>
2011
7,026 175 7,201 226,758 1,472 6,844 235,074

Domestic International Total
2005
3,504 198 3,702 105,914 535 580 107,029
2007
6,463 190 6,653 204,013 1,009 1,089 206,111
2008
6,888 130 7,018 232,484 939 1,626 235,049
2009
5,850 61 5,911 195,038 180 4,094 199,312
2010
6,821 170 6,991 215,960 1,402 6,518 223,880
PASSENGERS Domestic International Transit Total
New Apron New TW
LAKE VICTORIA

Handbook 2011-12
Existing Kisumu Airport Layout
RA
ILW
AY
Proposed Kisumu Airport Layout

&R OA D
RW 3000 x 45mm Cargo Development New TB
43
New TWs
RW 2000 x 30mm
R&FF TWR
TB 35.6 million US$ investment Runway lengthened to 3000m New Terminal Building New Apron New TW
LAKE VICTORIA
LAKE VICTORIA
The conclusion was that the airport must expand to meet growing demand and facilitate easier movement of passengers, cargo and aircraft. Trafc forecasts indicated a need for larger passenger and cargo aircraft to operate to and from Kisumu, which must be upgraded and expanded to handle mediumand long-range aircraft. And with trade expected to grow as the East African Community expands, Kisumu could soon be handling cargo jets from the Middle East and Europe and, therefore, needed to be upgraded and expanded. Work completed at Kisumu Airport includes: Reconstruction of aircraft pavements Runway to be extended from 2,000 to 3,000 metres and widened from 30 to 45 metres to accommodate the B737 New apron for three B737 stands or ve F28 stands with provision for expansion 3,500 square metres of parking for up to 130 cars New aireld ground lighting including approach lights New power substation, two guardhouses and a toll-booth.
It is believed that an expanded Kisumu Airport will help ease congestion at Jomo Kenyatta International (JKIA) and Wilson RA LW and from regional (WAP) as it will accommodate air trafc Ito AY &R OA Sudan, thus destinations such as the Great Lakes and Southern D enhancing city-to-city networks within the region. With the RW 2000 x 30mm completion of the new passenger terminal and the extension of the runway, the airport awaits an ofcial opening.
R&FF
TB TWR
FaCTS aND FiGUReS

Airport identification: HKK1 KIS Longitude: Latitude: Elevation: Runway: Magnetic variation: Land coverage: Taxiways: Apron: Perimeter area: 344344E 000510S 3,796 ft above sea level 2.1 km by 30 m 2 762 ha There are two taxiways:
LAKE VICTORIA
Transitional altitude: 7,000 ft
Eastern Taxiway measuring 370 m by 15 m Western Taxiway measuring 400 m by 15 m Apron covers a total of 2.5 acres. There are four apron oodlights with lantern tting which can illuminate the entire apron. Total area of 864 acres of which 530 acres is within the perimeter fence. The government has set aside 333 acres for future expansion. However, this land has yet to be acquired by Kenya Airports Authority.
2012
7,236 180 7,417 238,096 1,546 7,186 246,828
2013
7,453 186 7,639 250,001 1,623 7,545 259,169
2014
7,677 191 7,868 262,501 1,704 7,923 272,128
2015
7,907 197 8,104 275,626 1,789 8,319 285,734
Facilities and services: Navigational aid VOR DME/NDB VDF Airport landing facilities including runway edge lights, PAPI, apron lights, etc Full control tower services Fire and rescue services Category 5 Immigration services Customs services Port health services Fuel services First aid, ambulance and vaccination services Catering services Bars and restaurants Courier services Lounges VIP lounge, departure lounge and arrival lounge Mobile phone services

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WaJir military airbase adapts well to handling civil flights

Located in Wajir County, in north-eastern Kenya, Wajir Airport began life as a military airbase, constructed by an Israeli company and completed in 1978. The airport is situated about 5 km east of Wajir Town. It remained a purely military facility until 7 September 2007 when it was commissioned by President Mwai Kibaki to handle passenger and cargo ights. Meanwhile, it continues to handle military jets. According to Kenya Airports Authority (KAA), the government has plans to transform Wajir into an international airport. represented at the airport. They include the KAA, the Kenya Civil Aviation Authority (KCAA), Customs, Immigration, Port Health and the National Security Intelligence Service. Owing to its proximity to war-ravaged Somalia, the airport is currently handling both domestic and international ights. Flights to and from Somalia are required to land at Wajir for security screening before continuing to their nal destinations. In this context, the airport is equipped to handle international and domestic, arriving and departing, passenger and cargo aircraft. No passenger airline currently operates at Wajir Airport apart from Echo Flight, which calls twice a week to drop off or pick up special passengers, mostly NGO staff. The other ights are charter, cargo or military. The airport handles an average of seven ights a day, most of which are cargo.
eXpaNSiON
Wajir Airport currently stands on 566.48 hectares. There are plans to acquire more land to bring the total airport area to 801.77 hectares. This will provide room for future expansion. The airport has a 2.8 km runway (designated 15/33) and eight taxiways (A to H). The longest taxiway is A (Alpha) which runs parallel to the runway and is of the same length. The airport is open daily for operations between 06.30 and 18.30 hours. Owing to loose chips on the runways, taxiways and apron, the airport is used only by propeller-driven aircraft. There is a terminal building which houses the arrival and departure lounges, check-in, screening and transit areas as well as an administration wing, a police station, and the Customs, Immigration and Port Health services. The control tower, crash gate and re station are 50 metres south of the terminal building. The airport contains two military camps (one air force, one army) within its perimeter fence. The airport is entered via a single gate manned by armed military personnel to ensure a high standard of security. Wajir Airport employs about 100 workers. Most of these are with the police department, but several other agencies are
FaCTS aND FiGUReS

Airport Identification: HKWJ Longitude: Latitude: Elevation: 40529.477E 14359.93N 770 ft ASL
Transitional Altitude: 3,000 ft QNH Run Way and Apron: The runway goes from north-west to south-east. It has eight taxiways and an apron with three parking areas. Parking area No 1 can accommodate up to four Fokker 50s. Area No 2 can accommodate two Fokker 50s and area No 3 one Fokker 50 Apron surface: Asphalt and concrete. Strength: PCN 5 OIF IB/W /T Magnetic Variation: Taxiways: Facilities: Services provided by KAA: Navigational aids: 2,800 metres long 1W 25 metres wide 2,800 metre long by 30 metre wide runway (15/33) Parallel taxiway 2,800 metres long by 25 metres wide Apron with three parking areas Terminal building Fire station Control tower Police station
Air navigational services Airport lounges Aviation fuel uplifts (supplied in drums) VOR/DME (WAV) Radar station NDB (WA)

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Located in the north of the country, Lokichoggio Airport has grown in stature in recent years since it was established in the 1970s as an airstrip for Christian missionaries working in the remote and arid region of Turkana. This was a small facility until the civil war in Southern Sudan. As that conict intensied, the airport saw an increase in air trafc. A tripartite agreement was signed between the Government of Kenya (GoK), the Sudanese Peoples Liberation Movement (SPLM) and the United Nations in 1989. This allowed UN aid agencies and non-government organisations to use Lokichoggio to bring relief supplies such as food and medicine into northern Kenya for the many Sudanese refugees who had ed the civil war. With the humanitarian situation in Southern Sudan worsening, the GoK expanded Lokichoggio to accommodate larger aircraft as the UN and other agencies launched Operation Lifeline Sudan (OLS).
Lokichoggio, the hub of humanitarian flights

FaCTS aND FiGUReS
Airport identification: HKLK Elevation: Runway: Runway position: Land area: Location: Taxiways: Aprons: 2,100 ft / 640 metres above sea level 5,900 ft / 1800 metres by 65 ft / 20 metres RWY 09N 04 12.25E 03420.39 RWY 27N 04 12.22E 03421.38 600 acres, with about 250 acres in use 370 nautical miles north-west of Nairobi and 214 km north-west of Lodwar Town, 24 km to border of South Sudan There are no designated taxiway systems in Lokichoggio. However, aircraft are guided to designated parking positions through radio control and physical marshalling Apron surface both tarmacked and murramed. No marked apron bays. Area is divided into: Caravan ramp for general aviation Average temperature: 31C
Hours of operations: 03.30 to 15.30 UTC
COMpReHeNSiVe
This situation continued until a comprehensive peace agreement (CPA) was reached, with Kenyas help, between the northern Islamic government of Sudan and the SPLM. This brought an end to decades of civil war in the Christian south. Lokichoggio continued to serve northern Kenya as well as the now semi-autonomous region of Southern Sudan, where vital transport and communications infrastructure such as roads and airports had all been destroyed. At this stage, Lokichoggio Airport was not only receiving humanitarian charter ights from Nairobi but was also handling a growing number of scheduled cargo and passenger services because of its proximity to Southern Sudan. After the signing of the CPA between the SPLM and the Sudanese government, Juba International Airport opened in Juba, the capital of Southern Sudan. Since then, Lokichoggio Airport has seen a reduction in both passenger and cargo ights. However, even with peace in Southern Sudan, the airport continues to play a key humanitarian role because it is used by NGOs and other UN agencies to supply relief efforts in northern Kenya, especially at the Kakuma Refugee Camp.
Main apron for mainly WFP operations and medium aircraft Cargo facilities: Buffalo ramp and murram ramp Former ICRC ramp 748 ramp for private parking No cargo facilities at Loki. However, World Food Programme operates a large warehouse at the airport for storing relief supplies. Other small-scale cargo is handled by individual operators
Airport components: Runway 1,800 metres long and 20 metres wide adjoined the aprons No runway lighting Runway has centre marking and threshold marking Aerodrome has no meteorological station
Electricity supplied by two generators with capacity of 200 KVA each Terminal building: Services: Terminal structure is temporary and movable AV Gas 100 on prior arrangement Control tower Police post Immigration ofce Customs ofce Port Health services Passenger canteens Jet A-1
Terminal building is made up of temporary and movable structures Passenger facilitation and Co-ordination Air navigation services Duty-free shop Taxi services Hotel booking Bar and restaurants Air charters Aviation fuels Fire and rescue services Police service

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Mohamed Shiraj Ukunda Airstrip Manager

Located in the heart of Kenyas south coast beach resort area, Ukunda Airstrip plays a key role in linking this popular tourism centre which includes the Diani stretch south of Mombasa to other parts of the country, especially the major tourism circuits inland. From the airstrip, tourists can board ights from Diani to visit remote locations across the country, including major game parks and reserves in the coastal areas of Kenya such as the Tsavo East and West Game Reserves. Ukunda Airstrip also handles chartered ights from private airstrips across Kenya and acts as a feeder to other airports, especially Mombasas Moi International Airport and Nairobis Wilson Airport, as some tourists prefer to y in and out of the south coast at either end of their vacation. This is the airstrip of choice for tourists and tour operators as it avoids travelling through central Mombasa City and delays at the Likoni Ferry that links Mombasa Island with mainland Likoni and the road to Diani. In addition to safari ights, the airstrip handles scheduled passenger services operated by AirKenya and Fly540 from Nairobis Wilson Airport to Ukunda Airstrip. As the tourism industry continues to grow, the government, through the KAA, is looking to expand the Ukunda Airstrip. This
As tourism numbers continue to climb

FaCTS aND FiGUReS
airstrip: Facilities: Terminal facilities: The airstrip is less than 1 km east of Ukunda Township and 30 km south of Mombasa. Access is via the A14 main road from Mombasa to Tanzania, by way of the Likoni Ferry. The runway is 1,100 metres long and 20 metres wide and is linked to the apron by two short cross taxiways of 10 metres width. This Class 1B runway has an ICAO code and its magnetic orientation is 01/19. The 5,000 square metre apron, located near runway threshold 01, can accommodate three DHC-6 aircraft at the same time. The airstrip service building covers 150 square metres and accommodates passenger documentation formalities and some ofces.
UkUNda set to haNdle reGioNal fliGhts
Ukunda Airstrip has no air trafc control or navigational facilities. Potential: The airstrip is important because it serves the south coast hotels. It has potential for growth, especially as the tourism industry continues to ourish.
expansion will embrace a number of infrastructure improvements. These include lengthening the runway to accommodate larger aircraft ying out of Nairobis Jomo Kenyatta International Airport. Customs and Immigration services will be provided at Ukunda Airstrip. Tourists staying on the south coast will be able to y directly from Ukunda to other resorts in East Africa, including the Tanzanian capital, Dar es Salaam; the spice islands of Zanzibar and Arusha in northern Tanzania; and Mount Kilimanjaro.

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Manda to get new terminal building

Situated on Manda Island, at the northern edge of Kenyas coastal strip, Manda Airstrip serves the mainly tourist destinations on that stretch of coast, most notably the historical Swahili town of Lamu. The airstrip was developed in 1962 and 1963 to serve the then colonial administration. Later, it was used by a group of white settlers for day trips to nearby Lamu Island, since there were no hotels on the island. As a result of the boom in Kenyas tourism industry, the airstrip is now served by charter and scheduled passenger ights from various airports at the coast and from Nairobis Wilson Airport. Currently, the airstrip boasts a new passenger terminal, which has just been completed and awaits ofcial opening. While Manda is used mainly by international visitors touring the Swahili settlements of Lamu, it is not classied as an international airport. For this reason, all international ights heading for Manda Airstrip must land rst at Nairobis Jomo Kenyatta International Airport or Mombasas Moi International Airport for airport and Customs formalities before they can proceed to Manda as domestic ights. Manda is an unmanned airstrip, however, so that pilots must co-ordinate among themselves to make a safe landing there. Emergency arrangements can be put in place at short notice.
Mohamed Lipi Manda Airstrip Manager
ATR 42 Saab 340 Challenger II Twin Otter
Dash 7 and Dash 8 Citation L-410 King Air.
The secondary runway (08/26) is 700 metres long and 15 metres wide. The surface of this runway is all compact murram and it is used mainly at certain times of the year, especially when there is a change in cross winds. Owing to its nature and length, the runway can accommodate only small, light aircraft.
FaCTS aND FiGUReS

Airport identification: LAU Co-ordinates: Runway: 216S, 4055E There are two runways (both serviceable):
GeNeRaL OpeRaTiONS
The airstrip stands on 194 hectares, thus providing room for future expansion. This is important because of the intended construction of Kenyas second deepwater seaport at Lamu. Manda is a Class III airstrip and has Category 5 re cover. It operates between 06.00 and 18.00 hours. There are two runways. The main runway (16/34) is 1 km long by 15 metres wide with a bitumen surface, while the second runway has an overrun of 700 metres of compact murram. The main runway (PCN 8) can accommodate a range of aircraft including:
Main: 1 km bitumen and 600 metres compact murram Secondary: 700 metres x 15 metres all compact murram Bearing: Navigation aids and ATS: FreQuency of aircraft movement: 10 ft ASL 16/34 (main) 08/26 (secondary) None
Immigration services: None at airstrip, but can be arranged Daily
KENYA AIRPORTS AUTHORITY (HQ) P0 Box 19001-00501, Nairobi, Kenya Tel: +254 (0)20 661 1000, 661 2000 Fax: +254 (0)20 822 078 Email: info@kenyaairports.co.ke Web: www.kenyaairports.co.ke

Kenya Airports Authority: Handbook 2011-12

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KENYA AIRPORTS AUTHORITY