Static Electricity 1

PHYSICS UNIT 2 SHEET 1 PreIGCSE
Unit 2 Static Electricity
Exercise 1-1:
Read the passage and then answer the following questions
➢ Everything is made of atoms. Under normal circumstances every

atom in an object have equal number of electrons and protons
➢ However, sometimes when objects are rubbed together a few

electrons jump from one object to the other. This leaves one
object with too few electrons and another object with too many
electrons. Polythene and Perspex are both types of plastic. All
plastics are electrical insulators.
➢ Any object that is made from plastic can be electrically charged by

rubbing it with a woolen cloth. If plastic is polythene, electrons will
jump from the cloth to the polythene as they rub together. If the
plastic is perspex, electrons will jump from the perspex to the
cloth as they rub together
Polythene rod Perspex rod
cloth
cloth
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(i) When Perspex rod is rubbed with a woolen cloth, which

becomes negatively charged and which becomes positively
charged ?
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(ii) When a rod of polythene is rubbed with a woolen cloth which

becomes negatively charged and which becomes positively
charged ?
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Having charged the Perspex and polythene rods, the following

experiment is carried out. The charged Perspex rod is hung by a
thin string so that it is free to move around as shown in diagram 1.
The charged polythene rod is held close to the Perspex rods
Polythene Perspex
A
Perspex
Diagram 1 Diagram
2
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(iii) Describe what you see when this is done.

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(iv) In diagram 2, a charged Perspex rod is held close to a

charged rod A. Rod moves away from the Perspex rod.
What is the charge on rod A ?
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(v) When long dry hair is brushed the strands move away from
one another. Explain why this happens
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(vi) As you brush strands of hair are also attracted to the bristles
of the brush. Explain this.
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(vii) What are the types of electrical charges ?

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(viii) Does the charge gained by the plastic rod depend on the type
of plastic ? Give an example
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(ix) Will materials with like electrical charges attract or repel ?
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Exercise 1-2:
When a balloon is rubbed on clothing, such as a woolen sleeve it
gains electrons from the wool so it gains an electric charge
Look at the following diagram then answer the following
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Diagram 3
(i) When the charged balloon is approached to a wall it gets

stuck to it. Explain why this happens
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(ii) When 2 balloons are charged in the same way, and are
suspended with nylon threads like in figure 3, they move
away from each other. Why does this happen?
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in which electrons can move freely from atom to atom so electric charge can flow readily
n which electrons are firmly held in their atoms and cannot move so electric charges cann
onductor of electricity
Gold-leaf electroscope
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➢ The gold-leaf electroscope is composed of a metal stem or

rod held inside a glass case by a block of insulating material.
A metal cap (disc) is connected to the top of the stem and a
metal plate at the bottom, with a thin leaf of gold foil
attached.
➢ This apparatus is used to detect static electric charges and

its types
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➢ A gold-leaf electroscope can be used in

1- Detect a charge
2- Charging by contact
3- Detection of insulators and conductors
Exercise 1-3:
1- A student is using the gold-leaf electroscope in the detection
of a charge he approaches a polythene negatively charged rod
to the metal cap but he didn’t touch the cap with the rod and
the gold-leaf rises as shown in the following figure, answer the
following
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(i) Explain why the gold-leaf rises away from the metal plate ?
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(ii)On the previous diagram illustrate the formed charges on the

metal cap and the gold-leaf
1- A student draws a charged polythene rod firmly across the edge

of the metal cap as shown in the following diagram. Answer the
following
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(i) What is the name of the method the student used in

charging the metal plate ?
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(ii)Draw a diagram of the electroscope showing the charges on

the cap and gold-leaf after the student removes the rod
(iii)What will happen if the student touches the charged metal

cap ? What is that called ?
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(iv)Explain how would you use the gold-leaf electroscope in

detection of insulators and conductors
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10 | P a g e

Static Electricity 1

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Static Electricity 1

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PHYSICS UNIT 2 SHEET 1 PreIGCSE

Unit 2 Static Electricity

➢ Everything is made of atoms. Under normal circumstances every

➢ However, sometimes when objects are rubbed together a few

➢ Any object that is made from plastic can be electrically charged by

Polythene rod Perspex rod

(i) When Perspex rod is rubbed with a woolen cloth, which

(ii) When a rod of polythene is rubbed with a woolen cloth which

Having charged the Perspex and polythene rods, the following

(iii) Describe what you see when this is done.

(iv) In diagram 2, a charged Perspex rod is held close to a

(vii) What are the types of electrical charges ?

(ix) Will materials with like electrical charges attract or repel ?

Look at the following diagram then answer the following

(i) When the charged balloon is approached to a wall it gets

➢ The gold-leaf electroscope is composed of a metal stem or

➢ This apparatus is used to detect static electric charges and

➢ A gold-leaf electroscope can be used in

(ii)On the previous diagram illustrate the formed charges on the

1- A student draws a charged polythene rod firmly across the edge

(i) What is the name of the method the student used in

(ii)Draw a diagram of the electroscope showing the charges on

(iii)What will happen if the student touches the charged metal

(iv)Explain how would you use the gold-leaf electroscope in

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