There are three types of the if-clauses.

type I II III condition condition possible to fulfill condition in theory possible to fulfill condition not possible to fulfill (too late)

Form
type I II III if clause Simple Present Simple Past Past Perfect main clause will-future (or Modal + infinitive) would + infinitive * would + have + past participle *

Examples (if-clause at the beginning)

type I II III if clause If I study, If I studied, If I had studied, main clause I will pass the exam. I would pass the exam. I would have passed the exam.

Examples (if-clause at the end)

type I II III main clause I will pass the exam I would pass the exam I would have passed the exam if-clause if I study. if I studied. if I had studied.

I knew John very well and I know that he never had much money, but he loved Ferraris. He would have loved to own a Ferrari, but he never had the money to buy one. If you (study) If you (ask) If we (go) If you (speak) If they (listen) I (write) If I (not ! break) If it (not! start) "e (swim) If she (take)
had studied

for the test, you (pass)

would have pa

it.

me, I (help) to the cinema, we (see)

you. my friend Jacob. . home earlier. your address. in the contest. to the museum. so many sharks there. on time.

nglish, she (understand) to me, we (be) you a postcard if I (have) my leg, I (take part) to rain, we (walk) in the sea if there (not ! be) the bus, she (not ! arrive)

#ecide whether the following $onditional %entences are &ype I, II or II. If he had dropped the vase, it would have broken. &ype I &ype II &ype III If you have to do the washing up, I will help you. &ype I &ype II &ype III If I had a hammer, I'd hammer in the morning ... (song) &ype I &ype II &ype III I wouldn't run away if I saw a spider. &ype I &ype II &ype III "e'd have given you a lift if you hadn't had your bike with you. &ype I &ype II &ype III If you had listened to me, the accident wouldn't have happened. &ype I &ype II &ype III If we don't get tickets for the concert, we'll stay at home. &ype I &ype II &ype III &hey'd go by bus if they didn't have a car. &ype I &ype II &ype III %he'll hear us if you don't stop laughing. &ype I &ype II &ype III He wouldn't have taken the bread if he hadn't been hungry. &ype I &ype II &ype III

$omplete the $onditional %entences (&ype I, II or III) by putting the verbs into the correct form. If they (have) If we (know) If I (be) "e (arrive) )kay, I (get) If I (tell) %he (go)
have

time at the weekend, they will come to see us. . about your problem, we would have helped you. you, I would not buy that dress. earlier if we had not missed the bus. complete. the popcorn if you buy the drinks. you a secret, you would be sure to leak it. out with you if you had only asked her. it in such an obvious place

If we sneak out (uietly, nobody (notice)

If I didn't have a mobile phone, my life (not ! be)

I would not have read your diary if you (not hide)

$omplete the $onditional %entences. #ecide whether to use &ype I, II or III. If I had time, I If you If she I would have told you, if I "ould you mind if I If they ,y friend If I If my father If they had gone for a walk, they him. the window+ me, I wouldn't have said no. me at the station if he gets the afternoon off. it, nobody would do it. me up, I'll take the bus home. shopping with you. nglish, you will get along with them perfectly. the lights off. to see us, we will go to the *oo.