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Jamal Ahmad 2010146 Farhad Jan 2010174
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3. ANALYSIS
3.1 Degree of Freedom
Appendix A Appendix B
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1. ABSTRACT
We are designing a model of oil jack pump in our course project of ME-312 Theory of Machines, as per the requirement of the course. The basic purpose of designing the oil jack pump is the fact that it has a great importance in the petroleum industry. The mechanism is used in extracting the oil from the ground. The report contains the analysis of the mechanism of the oil jack pump. The analysis part contains the position analysis, velocity analysis and the acceleration analysis. The report also includes the CAD models of the mechanism. The graphical solution is also presented in the end. The project has given us the opportunity to completely analyze the work of four bar linkages in the real world problems. The basic purpose of this report and this project is to give an insight of the Oil Pump Jack to the viewer. We are really thankful to our teacher, Dr. Shahid Parvez, who has been so helpful throughout the course. He has also helped us in selecting the topic of our project by giving us the examples of four bar linkage applications as well as helping us throughout till the completion of the project.
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2. INTRODUCTION
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2.2 Structure:
Oil pump jack is a four bar mechanism which is mounted on a frame for support. The crank is the shortest link which also has an actuator in the form of a constant speed motor. Usually gears are applied to alter the speed of the stroke from that of the motor. The crank is attached with the coupler which is further attached to the rocker. The crank revolves a complete 360 degrees while the rocker performs oscillatory motion about a pivot point. The rocker is extended further from the pivot point. A complex motion is associated with the coupler link.
The other links attached are just to support the mechanism and provide the stability to the structure. Different designs are available as per the requirement of the application, where the oil pump jack is to be mounted. To general type of pump jacks are: 1) Above Ground 2) Down Hole We will be designing and analyzing the above ground mechanism.
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3. ANALYSIS
(ANALYTICAL APPROACH)
The other two links will be longer than crank but smaller than Ground link. According to the Grashofs condition;
Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering and Technology Page 6
S+L<P+Q We will be using the above equation to make sure that there is no toggle position in the mechanism, as it is not required in the design. According to the design analysis, the grounded link is the link adjacent to the shortest link, i.e. the ground. So the mechanism is a Crank Rocker Mechanism, in which the crank will perform a full rotation and the other link pivoted to the ground will oscillate.
D = cos - k + kcos +k E = -2sin F = k + (k - 1)cos + k Angle can be calculated by the following relation:
After putting the values in the above given formulas, the following results are deduced for a specific value of =45. Table 3.1
k 2.2 k 1.22 k 1.81 k 1.375 k -1.612 A -0.54 B -1.41 C 2.44 D -2.133 E -1.41 F 0.85 42 99
This has also been shown in the graphical analysis of the mechanism.
The velocity of the link four is approximately equal to 0 rev/sec, which is in accordance with our graphical analysis that it will be minimum at a crank angle of almost 45. The linear velocity of the end point can be measured by the following formula;
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Table 3.2
rev/sec -1.022
rev/sec 0.063
v in/sec 2.37
And from the values in the table and the formulas given as under, the values of and are calculated.
= 1.40 rev/sec
= 2.81 rev/sec
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So, these values show the angular acceleration of the link 3 and 4 respectively, when the link 4 is in its lower position.
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The graph from the above data is plotted between crank angle and the angular velocity of the link 4 i.e. . The graph shows that the velocity of the desired point becomes 0 rev/sec instantaneously at two specific points which are approximately = 42 and 220.
1.5 1 0.5 0 0 -0.5 -1 -1.5 -2 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
Figure 3.1
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Similarly, the engineering design and extruded model of the Crank are as follows:
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And finally the assemblys engineering drawing and model is given below:
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4.2 Analysis
The following three images were taken from the motion analysis of the software. It shows the progression and working mechanism of the pump jack.
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Figure 4.10: Oil Pump Jack after completing half a revolution Further, the motion analysis was done for the rocker. The graph of the position as a function of time is shown below:
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Figure 4.12: Velocity Analysis of Rocker And finally the acceleration graph of the rocker is as follows:
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5. Conclusion
The report contains all the position, velocity and acceleration analysis. The CAD models are attached with the email and the soft copy. Moreover the report also contains the graphical analysis for position and instant centers. The physical model is made to give an idea to the viewer that how a pump jack really works. The motion of the mechanism is visible in the CAD model and the physical model as well. The analysis clearly shows that the rocker and the desired point have 0 in/sec velocity at the extreme positions for which the crank angle is 42 and 99.
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Appendix A
References
http://aoghs.org/technology/all-pumped-up-oil-production-technology/
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pumpjack
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Appendix B
Index
Acceleration 3, 9, 10, 18 Analysis 3, 6, 7, 8, 9, 12, 16, 17, 18 Coupler 5, 6, 7, 12 Crank 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13 Design 3, 5, 7, 12, 13 Grashof 6 Links 6, 8, 9 Position 3, 7, 8, 10, 17 Pump 3, 4, 5, 6, 12, 16, 17, 20 Rocker 5, 6, 7, 11, 14, 17, 18 Velocity 3, 8, 9, 11, 13, 18
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