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Main Tools for Radio Network Optimization GSM

Statistic Handling Tool OSS Recording Tool Cell Data Design Tools Field Measurement N#S $C%& S OS'Turle( Statics $)% MR( RNO package $C% CN! $C%& ) OS( *SSTool $)% T+MS onl",,,

Field Measurement !nal"sis T+MS( Map)nfo $C%& MCOM $)% Cell lanning Tool T+MS Cellplanner $C%& MCOM $)%

Radio Network Growt- Flow

Design & Rollout Model Tuning

#-ere does T+MS )N.+ST)G!T)ON fit in

Operation & Improvement Traditional Optimization

Network Integration Test Initial Tuning GP ! Performance Verification Training

Network Feature Optimization Verification of Network Changes

D+S)GN ' RO//O0T H!S+


Network Integration Test "hen a site is integrated to #!C it is tested $ Call set up test $ Timeslot test% forced call test

1 T&M! Pocket is the preferred tool for Network Integration Test

D+S)GN ' RO//O0T H!S+


Initial Tuning $ Produce Co'erage Plot $ Identif( Co'erage )oles $ Identif( Interference *rea $ Optimize Neigh+or elations $ Find )ardware,Installation Pro+lems $ Verif( Parameter !etting

D+S)GN ' RO//O0T H!S+


GP ! Performance Verification $ *pplication Performance Test $ """% FTP% "*P etc$ Mo+ilit( Test $ Cell eselection% * .pdate

O +R!T)ON ' )M RO.+M+NT H!S+


Traditional Optimization $ In'estigate / Trou+le0shooting !pecific *reas $ Neigh+or elation Optimization $ Co'erage Issues

O +R!T)ON ' )M RO.+M+NT H!S+


Network Feature Optimization Parameter !ettings1 $ M!% #T! Power Control $ )C! $ Idle Mode #eha'ior $ 2ocating *lgorithm $ Fre3uenc( )opping $ Intra0cell )ando'er

O +R!T)ON ' )M RO.+M+NT H!S+


Verification of Network Changes 4id a certain change in the network gi'e desired results5 $ New co'erage area5 $ 2ess interference5 $ #etter speech 3ualit(5 $ Is hando'er possi+le5

T+MS Measurement ' !nal"zing rocess


? Clear objective Why should this measurement be done Preparations Chec! e"uipment #et input $iles Prepare route %&ternal Antenna? Changes in ,et+or! What should be changed? Collect Data 'ave log$ile (a!e notes )onitor Analy e *ind problem areas *ind solutions Report #ive ans+er to objective

Measurement #ill Depend on O23ecti4e


?
Clear objective Why should this measurement be done

Preparations
Chec! e"uipment #et input $iles Prepare route %&ternal antenna?

Possible Objectives $ Co'erage anal(sis $ Trou+le shooting $ !canning $ Verif( network changes

erforming Measurements witDrive (est T+MS $ 2arge areas


$ !pecific areas Wal! (est 'canning

Dri4e Test - Large area


INP.T INP.T
Acceptance ,e+ sites on air *re"uency Re-plan 0'C Re-homing

M&*!. &M&NT
Drive de$ined route/area Record 1og$ile 1ong / 'hort calls Assure no data loss

O.TP.T
Plots & Report - 'ignal 'trength - .uality (rouble Report / Area $or $urther investigation

Dri4e Test - Specific area


INP.T
'tatistics Customer complain 1arge area drive test (rouble Report

Measurement
)anipulate - *orced handover - 1oc! on to *re"uency - 1ayer 2 messages Analysis on-spot Recti$y & 3eri$y on-spot

O.TP.T
(rouble Report - Identi$ied problem - 'olution

#alk Test
INP.T
'tatistics Customer complain )icro cell planning Indoor cell planning

Measurement
Add $ile mar!s 4#P'5 'canning

O.TP.T
(rouble Report Planning Report 0 *ntenna location 0 Fre3uenc( 0 )C! setting

1 T&M! 2ight is the preferred tool for indoor cell planning

Scanning
INP.T
*inding a ne+ $re"uency Area ,et+or! 'canning

Measurement
(%)' I,3 in scanning mode 'et AR*C, to scan

O.TP.T
Received '' on di$$erent AR*C, plot ,e+ $re"uency

!nal"zing Measurements

ost5 rocessing T+MS /ogfiles


T+MS /ogfiles
Geographical Presentation

!tatistics eport

Analysis

ro2lem Cases
/ow Signal Strengt6 )nterference 6 Hando4er 6 Call Setup Failure 6 Dropped Call 6 Misc7

Signal Strengt- Case


INP.T 2arge area 4T !pecific area 4T
(%)' 1og$iles

Post0Processing *nal(sis

$ Identif( areas with low signal strength e-g- !! 6 0788d#m 9outdoor: $ 2ook at ;2e' distri+ution 9for acceptance: $ Compare with design le'el or new re3uirements

Signal Strengt- Case Possible Reasons


6 S-adowed !ntenna 6 !ntenna Direction 6 !ntenna Heig-t 8 down tilt 6 Output ower 6 Missing Neig-2or Relation 6 Site /ocation 6 Fault" Hardware e7g7 antenna ' TM! 6 Cell is down

Signal Strengt- Case Analysis


'hado+ed Antenna
Visit site Check antenna installation Is there a +etter antenna position at same site5

Output Po+er
Check output power Parameters
0'PWR( - NON #CC) F &< 0'PWR0 - #CC) F &<

*aulty 6ard+are
Check alarm / #T! &rror log Visit site

6eight/do+n (ilt
*dd reduce down tilt5 Can antenna +e placed lower or higher to gi'e +etter co'erage5

)issing ,eighbor
Is the call dragged5 Is low !! due to missing neigh+or relations

'ite 1ocation
Possi+le to mo'e site5 New antenna location at same site5 Is it necessar( to e;pand and +uild a new site5

Signal Strengt- Case Possible Solutions


6 C-ange parameter *S #R ( *S #RT7 6 !dd neig-2or relation7 6 -"sical c-anges9 6 !ntenna direction 6 !ntenna -eig-t( tilt or position 6 New site as last option7

)nterference Case
INP.T 2arge area 4T !pecific area 4T
(%)' 1og$iles

Post0Processing *nal(sis

Identi$y areas +ith R&"ual 7 8 Identi$y source using )ap and '(' ,e+ drive test around problem area?

)nterference Case Logfile analysis


*rom log$ile & map1 "hat channel group suffer from interference5 )OP or Non )OP5 $ Check Current channel information in T&M! INV% hopping channel and hopping fre3uenc("here does the interference come from5 Cell name5 $ !tud( map and logfile% look for co0channel or ad=acent channel interference4oes the interference lead to lower !<I5 $ 2ook at !<I measurement during high ;<ual.se !T! / NO to assist anal(sis-

T"pes of )nterference
6 Co 5 C-annel interference 6 !d3acent )nterference
BCCH 600 BCCH 595

C*!& 7 C*!& >

Hig- site

BCCH 590 BCCH 590 BCCH 590 BCCH 590

)nterference Case Possible Reasons


$ Poor fre3uenc( plan $ No dominant cell 00? low C,I 000? increased $ Fre3uenc( )opping is off $ &;ternal interference e-g- =ammer ;3ual

%&ample o$ high R&"ual due to lo+ 'ignal 'trength

)nterference Case Possible solutions


6 +na2le Fre:uenc" Hopping or add fre:uencies to Hopping group7 6 +na2le *TS ower Control( MS power control and make it less aggressi4e7 6 C-ange fre:uenc" of interferer or interfered cell9
; ossi2le to find new fre:uenc" 2" using T+MS Scanning7

6 Down tilt or c-ange antenna of interferer7

Hando4er Case
INP.T 2arge area 4T !pecific area 4T
1oo! $or9

Post0Processing *nal(sis

epeated hando'er 9Ping Pong: epeated Intra0cell hando'er )ando'er failure% .nrealistic hando'er

Repeated Hando4er $ ing ong% - Examples

Repeated Hando4er $ ing ong% - Possible Reason 1

Merry-go-round Handover Offset < H"sterisis

Repeated Hando4er $ ing ong% - Possible Reason !


6 Offset onl" in one direction e7g !5* for )nter *SC relation
0'C ;
#!C #!C

0'C :

C&22 *

C&22 #

! 5< * OFFS+T = 5>d*

No * 5< ! OFFS+T

Repeated Hando4er $ ing ong% "t#er Possible Reasons


6 No dominant ser4er 6 /ocating penalt" settings e7g7 SS*?( T)M*? 6 Too small -"sterisis setting

,o dominant 'erver

Repeated Hando4er $ ing ong% Possible Solutions


*ntenna direction *ntenna Tilts Plan for new site Change 2ocating Parameter e-g@)A!T or 2)A!T

Repeated Hando4er $ ing ong% Possible Solution


Change Parameter% @)A!T or 2)A!T

)(sterisis

C&22 *

C&22 #
)ando'er From * to #

Hando4er Case Handover Reversion

Chec! layer 2 message


6andover command 0'C correct? Chec! reason $or handover ''< R=.>A1 (arget cell?

Hando4er Re4ersion $ommon Reason


4uplicates of #!IC #CC) com+inations in neigh+oring list

#!C

)ando'er command5
B78C7>

B8BCDD ?;@A2; ?;@A2;

Serving cell
B8ECD>

Neighbor cell 2

Neighbor cell 1
B8ECD>

Road

Hando4er Re4ersion "t#er Reasons


.plink interference in target cell 4ownlink interference at M! 'olutions Interference In'estigation $M $ !tatistics $ !canning

Hando4er Case Repeated %ntra-cell Handover Possible Reasons


"rong intra0cell hando'er settings &;ternal .plink Interference Possible 'olutions Consider to change parameters1 $ !!OFF!&T.2% !!OFF!&T42 $ <OFF!&T.2% <OFF!&T42 * wrong setting of parameters will cause Funnecessar(G I)O Turn off Intra0cell )ando'er5

Hando4er Case &nrealistic Handover

0nrealistic Hando4er Reason ' Solution Possible Reasons


"rong locating settings% in !er'ing or Target cell Note1 Could +e on purpose e-g- 4ual #and network with )C!

'olution $ Fi; locating settings e-g- M! H!.FF% #! H!.FF

Call Setup Failure

Call Setup Failure ; %nput (ctivities %nitial )uning


Activities
Initial (uning 4Acceptance (est5 )easurement (ype $2arge *rea 4ri'e Test $!hort Call !e3uences

(roubleshooting 4Customer complaint etcB5

Post-Processing Output $!tatistics eport $Geographical eport showing failure positions

Call Setup Failure ; %nput (ctivities )roubles#ooting


Input Activities
)easurement (ype Initial Tuning 9*cceptance Test:
$!mall *rea 4ri'e Test $2ock on pro+lem cellIs #CC) $Force hando'er to the cell

(roubleshooting 4Customer complaint etcB5

Post-Processing Output
$Geographical necessar(: eport 9if

Call Setup Failure !nal"sis - %nitial )uning Scenario


6 C-eck t-e T+MS statistics report $*locked Call% if t-ere is Call Setup Failure7 6 )f "es( identif" t-e pro2lem cells and w-iclogfile from geograp-ical report7 6 Repla" t-e logfile and 3ump to t-e *locked Call e4ent7 6 C-eck if t-ere is an" successful call setup to t-e pro2lem cell7

Call Setup Failure !nal"sis - %nitial )uning Scenario cont*


6 Re4iew t-e la"er @ messages to c-eck at w-icse:uence t-e failure occur $random access( SDCCH( TCH assignment etc7%7 6 C-eck STS report on t-e pro2lem cell7 )s t-ere an" traffic $SDCCH ' TCH% in t-e cell( SDCCH ' TCH seizures( congestion etc7 6 C-eck fault report ' CDD configuration7

Call Setup Failure !nal"sis - )roubles#ooting Scenario


6 *efore performing dri4e test( c-eck STS report ' fault report7 6 )f can not identif" t-e pro2lem( perform dri4e test7 6 During measurement( lock t-e *CCH of t-e pro2lem cell7 6 Re4iew t-e la"er @ messages to c-eck at w-icse:uence t-e failure occur $random access(

Call Setup Failure !nal"sis - Possible reasons +it# ran,ing


6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 /ow Signal Strengt)nterference Hig- Congestion on SDCCH Hig- Congestion on TCH Transmission Fault Fault" TR08Hardware Central rocessor O4erload Software File Congestion

Call Setup Failure !nal"sis - Possible solutions


6 /ow signal strengt- Signal strengt- anal"sis7 6 )nterference )nterference anal"sis7 6 Hig- Congestion on SDCCH9
Define more SDCCHs7 !cti4ate adapti4e configuration of logical c-annel feature and immediate assignment to TCH7

6 Hig- Congestion on TCH9


!dd capacit"8Tune co4erage arra"7 !cti4ate assignment to worse cell7

Failed Call Setup $*locked Call% +Aample


Multiple C-annel Re:uests7 Successful Random !ccess after t-e t-ird tr"7 Congestion in SDCCH7

Dropped Call Case - %nput


6 Statistics Report 6 Note from dri4e test7

Dropped Call Case - (nalysis


6 From plot( identif" w-ic- ' w-ere in logfile t-e dropped call occurs7 6 )n t-e log file( Bump t-e drop call e4ent7 6 C-eck if t-ere is a disrupt in t-e recording7 )f "es could 2e a false drop due to T+MS mo2ile disconnection during recording,,,

Dropped Call Case - (nalysis -cont.


6 C-eck t-e Radio en4ironment 3ust 2efore drop9
; )f Hig- RA:ual for a longer period of time and R/)NCT eApire )nterference pro2lem7 ; )f /ow SS D/( SSD/ D MSS+NS $ 5EFGd*m% low signal strengt- pro2lem7 ; )f T! < H@ too far from t-e cell7

6 )f D/ radio is good( c-eck t-e TI power7 )f t-ere is MS power down regulation w-en t-e MS is close to t-e cell7 )f full power suspect uplink interference or antenna( TM! pro2lem7

Miscellaneous Case E
*rom (%)' 1og$ile $ Good !ignal strength 42% Good ;3ual 42 $ No call set up possi+le unless 'er( close to site J high !! $ 4ropped call when !! 6 appro;- 0KLd#m Analysis $ !ince 42 !! / ;3ual is good

!uspect .2 pro+lems e-g- e;ternal uplink interference Conclusion TM* power turned off

Miscellaneous Case J
*rom (%)' 1og$ile $ TC) has lower !ignal strength than #CC) 9Own #CC) included in #*0list% $ #T! power control J OFF Conclusion *ntenna ca+le for TC) is swapped +etween sectors 9C4.0*:

Configuration8cell
TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH

S+CTOR C
TCH

S+CTOR !

CHGE CHGF

SDCCHKL

*CCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

S+CTOR *

Miscellaneous Case @
*rom (%)' 1og$ile $ Fail to perform Call !etup Analysis $ Check if an( success call setup to the same cell No $ Check if hando'er is possi+le Aes $ !uspected wrong cell definition in M!C +ut Cell is properl( defined in MC! and 2* Conclusion

6 Corrupted +lock in M!C

G RS .erification ' Optimization wit- T+MS )n4estigation

G RS Measurement !cti4ities
6 G RS erformance rediction 6 G RS Field Measurement

6 G RS RN! Ser4ice uses T+MS )n4 to predict following performance9


; T-roug-put ; Cell Reselection ' Routing !rea 0pdate

G RS erformance rediction - "vervie+

G RS T-roug-put rediction
6 erform T-roug-put prediction for eaccoding sc-eme

Cell Reselection rediction


6 Dedicated mode dri4e test

6O types
1A 6O 4;@5 6O intB 4::@5 1A 6O at 0. 4;5 6O intB at 0. 4;;5 0'C2 serving Other 0'C

6 *CCH Scanning 6 Simulate t-e cell update wit- different CRH 4alues
C ) J M d# C ) J E d#

Cell Reselection rediction

C ) 8 > M B E 78 7> 7M

N )O DBL >MB >77 7KE 7LB 7MK 7DE 7D8

G RS Field Measurement - Procedure

reparations

Set up files Cell definitions T+MS( ) Sniffers M

G)MS

+Acel

Mapinfo C-arts 8 Ta2les

Dig maps

Grap-ical presentation of route Report

G RS Field Measurement - )ype of Measurements


6 !pplication erformance Test
; ; ; ; ing ### FT #!

6 Mo2ilit" erformance )n4estigation


; Cell Reselection ; R! 0pdate

G RS Field Measurement - (pplication Performance )est


6 !ttac-ed performance
; !ttac-ed Time = !ttac- Complete msg ; !ttacRe:uest msg ; !ttac- Success Rate

D conteAt acti4ation performance


; D conteAt acti4ation = !cti4ate D ConteAt !ccept msg ; !cti4ate D conteAt re:uest

6 T-roug-put on R/C le4el 6

G RS !pplication Test Tools


6 General
; #indump( Comm4iew( +t-ereal( rotocol !nal"ser for G2

)NG
; MS DOS ping command

6 ###
; )+( Netscape

6 FT
; DOS FT ( #SNFT ( T+MS 2uilt in se:uence

G RS Field Measurement - Mobility Performance %nvestigation


6 Num2er of Cell Reselection ' R! 0pdate 6 TC Outage Time 6 Cell Reselection Failure

Mo2ilit" test CRH = G( CRO = G

7 Sample Report Cell Reselection


Routing Area 0'C; 0'C; 0'C; (ime ;?92@9C: ;?9229;E ;?9289@C Cell D@:C;A D@:C;0 D@:C:A (arget Cell D@:C;C D@:C:A D@:CEC Reselection time :s :s :; s Result OD OD OD Comments ,A ,A (his cell reselection +as made to a cell located "uite $ar a+ay 4not the closest5< thus the R&1ev +as "uite badF ,o throughput be$ore or a$ter the cell reselectionB (his is due to that the cell D*@:C:0 +ere halted by some reasonF (he through put +as never resumed and the *(P connection +as aborted by the $tp-serverF

0'C;

;?92G9CC

D@:CC0

D@:CEC

--

,A

0'C;

;?92E9;;

D@:CEC

D@:CC0

--

*ailed

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