Conservation is the action taken to prevent decay of any object.

Objective
philosophy values methodology

preservation of historic properties and values

authenticity and originality

use, emotion, cultural, historic, symbolic, architectural,etc prevention of deterioration preservation consolidation restoration reproduction renovation reintegration anastolysis

history of conservation
bhaktapur development project

prevention of deterioration preservation consolidation restoration reproduction renovation reintegration anastolysis

objectives of the study

1500km above sea level formed by the plateau of sapna and bishnumati river 7km north of the capital Agro based traditional newari settlement

Surrounded by bishnumati river in the east and sangla khola and sapantirtha khola in the north-west
Famous for tokha-chaku tu stands for the name of a ghost (khya or khyak in newari). tu also stands for sugarcase and khya stands for the open landand the named remained as tokha.

tokha the site

introduction

from kathmandu : 7km

access roads
N

tokha
to sapana tirtha, jhor, bodeswore

chandeswori vdc
tapa lachhi tahale bhimsen temple exit gate of tokha health clinic bahale gache ganesh temple krishna temple tothela

kwe lachhi

hansle

twapacha bampal dhoka tole

dunikhel entry gate of tokha

saraswoti vdc

squares streets

settlement pattern

urban fabric urban fabric

squares, courts, nanis

streets 4 to 6m narrow alleys 1 to 1.5m

settlement pattern

urban fabric

squares streets

settlement pattern

urban fabric

malla

Classification

Ma appa in mud mortar Latticed windows odd in number, mostly three Solid core doors with wide carved frames Slope roof in Jhingati No plasters Ma appa/Local brick in surkhi/lime mortar/mud mortar Latticed or other kind of windows odd or even in number, mostly of the ma same sizes Panelled doors Slope roof in Jhingati or CGI with terrace (sometimes) Plasters in lime or surkhi Local brick in cement mortar Varieties of window of different sizes with use of glasses Varieties of door, mostly large wooden doors of greater height or shutters Flat roof with terrace Cement plaster

shah

lla

shah

modern

building typology

Urban fabric

modern

No wide streets No sanjhya No balconies in traditional buildings

Probably because the jatras does not need these requirements

streetscape analysis

Urban fabric

culturally important areas and procession routes

Jatras

Sapanatirtha khat Sapanatirtha dyo chhen

Yashin (lingo)

Chandeswori dyo chhen

Shankata mai khat

shankata mai jatra

2 nd baisakh

Kwy lachi Tokha main gate

Mashan kali

Saraswoti pond

bisket

jatra

3 rd baisakh
Yalag tole

Tapa lachi bahele

Thalag tole

Ga chhen Hanchal tole Kwy lachi

twapacha

bisket

Ganesh pond

jatra

4 th baisakh

bisket

jatra

monuments

M onuments
Thaswo hiti dhungedhara dabali

Nasadyo temple
N

Mahadev Temple

Narayan Temple pati Stupa 1 Stupa 2

Stupa 3

Ajima Temple

M onuments
Nasadyo temple

N
Thaswo hiti dhungedhara dabali Mahadev Temple Narayan Temple pati Stupa 1 Stupa 2

Nasadyo temple
Stupa 3 Ajima Temple

M onuments
Nasadyo temple

Thaswo hiti
Thaswo hiti dhungedhara dabali Mahadev Temple Narayan Temple pati Stupa 1 Stupa 2

Stupa 3

Ajima Temple

M onuments
Nasadyo temple

N
Thaswo hiti dhungedhara dabali Mahadev Temple Narayan Temple pati Stupa 1 Stupa 2

Stupa 3

Ajima Temple

Mahadev Temple

M onuments
Nasadyo temple

N
Thaswo hiti Mahadev Temple Narayan Temple pati Stupa 1 Stupa 2

Stupa 3

Ajima Temple

Narayan Temple

M onuments
Nasadyo temple

N
Thaswo hiti dhungedhara dabali Mahadev Temple Narayan Temple pati Stupa 1 Stupa 2

Dhungedhara

Stupa 3

Ajima Temple

Dabali

M onuments
Nasadyo temple

N
Thaswo hiti dhungedhara dabali Mahadev Temple Narayan Temple pati Stupa 1 Stupa 2

Stupa 3

Ajima Temple

pati

M onuments
Nasadyo temple

N
Thaswo hiti dhungedhara dabali Mahadev Temple Narayan Temple pati Stupa 1 Stupa 2

Stupa 3

Ajima Temple

Ajima Temple

M onuments
Nasadyo temple

Stupa 1

N
Thaswo hiti dhungedhara dabali Mahadev Temple Narayan Temple pati Stupa 1 Stupa 2

Stupa 2

Stupa 3

Stupa 3

Ajima Temple

traditional and modern

infrastructures

squares streets

t r a d i t i o n a l s t r e et s

road transport

road transport
N

tokha
to sapana tirtha, jhor

from kathmandu : 7km

modern development

WAtER SUPPLY
--Two major water conduits One present in Tapalachi, Chandeswori vdc, the other in saraswoti vdc. the water mechanism of these conduits unknown to even the elderly --water supply from shivpuri hill -water supplied to the settlement from reservoir pond through metal pipes known as kit -new water supply plant established about 15 years ago due to the inadequacy of the previous plant The residents shared half of the responsibility of laying the pipelines Water is supplied to a community rather than individual houses - The maintenance and repair of the water plant is done solely by the VDC

source of water
new plant old plant

located at extreme northern part of chandeshwori VDC.

20 mins walkway from ganesh mandir.
ganesh temple

main source is river. inadequate amount of water supply. two plants - old and new.

12-0 8-0
according to saying, Padma samsher initiated the old plant. before that, wells were used for water.

water tank

depth 6-0

water tanks inspected twice everyday . Main source is bishnumati river. distribution through kit pipeline. applying molten glass at the joints. Net used to filter physical matters.

old plant

Collection of water

No water treatment mechanism.

physIcal survey

data survey

180 160 140 120

No of buildings

Modern Shah Malla Total

92 164 24 280

100 80 60 40 20 0

modern shah malla

building typology
140 120 100

Under construction ruinous poor Fair Good

12 15
No of buildings

80 60 40 20 0
under construction ruinous poor fair good

33 128 92

Total

280

general building conditions

data analysis

physical survey

160 140 120 100 80

No of buildings

60 40 20 0
incompatible compatible

Incompatible Compatible Total

120 160 280

architectural classification

140 120 100 80 60

kachhi appa dachhi appa ma appa

Kachhi appa Dachhi appa Ma appa Modern brick Total

23
No of buildings

87 41 125 280

40 20 0

modern brick

external building materials

data analysis

physical survey

140 120 100

one two three four Five Six Total

5 53
No of buildings

80 60 40 20 0
1 2 3 4 5 6

138 78 3 3 280

no. of stories

data analysis

physical survey

shrestha dangol

127 120

Others
Total

33
280

140 120 100 80 60

shrestha

dangol

No of families

40 20 0
others

caste characters
180 160 140 120 100 80

Below SLC

169

No of families

60 40 20 0

below SLC

SLC and above

Total

111
280

SLC and above

education characteristics

data analysis

socio economic survey

80 70 60 50 40 30

5000 and above Below 5000 Total

72 54 126

5000 and above

20 10 0
below 5000

monthly income range

data analysis

socio economic survey